CN108624987B - Sheath-core colored industrial yarn and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sheath-core colored industrial yarn and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108624987B CN108624987B CN201810505626.6A CN201810505626A CN108624987B CN 108624987 B CN108624987 B CN 108624987B CN 201810505626 A CN201810505626 A CN 201810505626A CN 108624987 B CN108624987 B CN 108624987B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/04—Pigments
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sheath-core colored industrial yarn and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking a polymer dispersed with pigment or dye as a core layer material, taking a polymer of the same kind as the core layer material as a skin layer material, and carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component; the melt viscosity of the sheath layer material of the sheath-core type colored industrial yarn is larger than that of the core layer material under the same spinning temperature condition. The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is more than 4dtex, the tensile breaking strength is more than 6.5cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is grade 5, the color fastness to rubbing is grade 4-5, and the color fastness to ironing is grade 4-5. The invention overcomes the problems of uneven dispersion and color change of the pigment or dye and uneven fiber skin-core structure in the spinning forming process, improves the mechanical property of the industrial yarn, and simultaneously adds the coloring material into the core layer to improve the color fastness. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, low cost and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of colored industrial yarns, and relates to a sheath-core colored industrial yarn and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Industrial yarns prepared by a polymer melt spinning method, such as polyester (PET, PEN, etc.) industrial yarns, polyamide (PA6, PA66, etc.) industrial yarns, thermotropic liquid crystal polymer industrial yarns, etc., are widely used in industrial fields, such as automobiles, safety protection, ropes, composite reinforced materials, etc., because of their good strength and modulus and excellent physicochemical properties. Nowadays, the industrial yarn is widely applied to the fields of bags, shoe materials and the like.
The industrial yarn has regular and ordered macromolecular arrangement and high crystallinity, so that the industrial yarn is not easy to dye, has low color fastness and high dyeing cost. To solve this problem, there are two main methods for industrial yarn: (1) the dyeing method before spinning is to introduce colored powder into spinning melt before spinning and then spin. But the problem that the simple coloring before spinning is difficult to solve exists, on one hand, the addition of colored powder will influence the mechanical property of the fiber, which leads to the reduction of the strength; on the other hand, the color fastness of the colored fiber before simple placement is not ideal, and the colored components are inevitably migrated and separated out in the fiber processing and using process, which causes self color fading and color change and staining pollution to processing equipment and the like. (2) The composite spinning method is that colorless skin layer melt and colored core layer melt are sprayed out by a composite spinneret plate to spin the skin-core composite fiber.
Patent CN 201210419736.3 discloses a preparation method of low-melting polyester sheath-core composite colored fiber, which comprises the following components and weight ratio: the core material comprises fiber-grade PET and color master batch, the skin material comprises low-melting-point polyester, and the color master batch comprises the following components in parts by weight: the color toner comprises, by weight, 65-80 parts of fiber-grade PBT, 5-20 parts of bottle-grade PET, 5-15 parts of a dispersing agent and 3-15 parts of a toner. The sheath-core composite spinning technology is adopted, the low-melting-point polyester is used as the sheath to effectively wrap the colored core layer, the color fastness of the fiber can be effectively improved, but the low-melting-point polyester and the fiber-grade polyester account for 95-95% of the total mass of the fiber, and therefore the strength of the fiber is far lower than that of the conventional polyester.
The patent CN 201410857308.8 provides a colored polyethylene naphthalate (PEN)/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) concentric sheath-core type composite fiber, wherein sheath components comprise colored master batches and PEN in a weight ratio of 5-15: 95-85, and the colored master batches comprise colored powder and PEN in a weight ratio of 25-35: 75-65; and a core component (PET). Wherein the weight ratio of the skin layer component to the core layer component is 15-25: 85-75. The use cost of the PEN is effectively reduced, the problem of difficult PEN dyeing is solved to a certain extent, but the colored PEN is taken as a skin layer, so that the color fading, color change, staining and the like of the product caused by poor color fastness due to the migration and permeation of the colored components cannot be avoided.
In addition, the problems of uneven dispersion of coloring powder, large fiber color difference, poor mechanical property and incapability of meeting the strength requirement of industrial yarns exist in the preparation of colored fibers by adopting a sheath-core composite spinning method disclosed by the prior art.
The industrial yarn as used herein generally refers to a fiber having a large fineness and a high strength, and generally has a single-fiber fineness of more than 5 dtex. From the process of fiber forming processing, the fiber is heated by hot air or other heat medium in the post-drafting process, the polymer is a poor heat conductor, the temperature difference, namely the temperature gradient, can be generated along the radial direction from the surface to the inside of the fiber, and for the industrial yarn with larger filament number, the phenomenon is more obvious, and even a serious sheath-core structure is generated. The radial viscosity is distributed to a certain extent due to the temperature distribution difference, the stress concentration occurs on the surface layer with high viscosity, the distribution difference of the stress causes the non-uniform orientation and crystallization of macromolecules, which is the source of the non-uniform radial structure of the fiber, and as a result, the strong extensibility, the flexibility, the bending resistance, the wear resistance and the fatigue resistance of the fiber are poor.
Therefore, the development of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn with excellent physical properties, low cost and good color fastness has practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of uneven dispersion of pigment and uneven radial structure of fiber of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn in the prior art and provide the sheath-core colored industrial yarn with excellent physical performance, low cost and good color fastness.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the sheath-core colored industrial yarn has the advantages that under the same spinning temperature condition, the melt viscosity of a sheath material of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn is larger than that of a core material, and pigment or dye is dispersed in the core material; the sheath-core colored industrial yarn has the filament number of more than 4dtex, the tensile breaking strength of more than 6.5cN/dtex, the washing color fastness of 5 grades, the friction color fastness of 4-5 grades, and the ironing color fastness of 4-5 grades. The invention overcomes the dispersion problem of pigment or dye caused by high core layer viscosity in the spinning forming process, overcomes the color change problem of pigment or dye caused by over high core layer temperature, overcomes the structural difference problem of skin layer and core layer easily caused by high core layer temperature in the spinning cooling process, also overcomes the uneven fiber structure problem caused by the radial temperature difference of fiber caused by heat conduction from outside to inside in the fiber post-drafting process, improves the mechanical property of industrial yarn, and simultaneously adds coloring material in the core layer to improve the color fastness; the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, low cost and wide application prospect.
As a preferred technical scheme:
the sheath-core colored industrial yarn has the advantage that the melt viscosity of the sheath material of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn is greater than that of the core material, namely the melt viscosity of the sheath material is 1.05-1.30 times that of the core material at the same temperature. The difference of the melt viscosity of the sheath-core layer is too small, and the actual viscosity of the sheath-core layer can not be close to that of the core layer in the spinning process due to different spinning temperatures of the sheath layer and the core layer; the viscosity difference is too large, so that the viscosity difference of the sheath-core melt is too large during spinning, and the spinning forming is difficult.
According to the sheath-core colored industrial yarn, the mass ratio of the sheath material to the core material is 10: 90-40: 60, when the mass of the sheath is too large, the transparency of the fiber is reduced, and when fewer core layers are used, the color development part is reduced, the color of the fiber is influenced, and when the mass of the core layers is too large, the production cost is increased; the content of the pigment or the dye in the core layer material is 0.5-12 wt%, and the pigment or the dye is excessively high, so that the dispersion is difficult, the melt viscosity of the core layer is greatly increased, and the spinning is not facilitated; if the content is too small, the color is too light, and the requirement of minimum color cannot be met.
The sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises a sheath layer material and a core layer material which are the same polymers; the polymer is polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or polyethylene.
The sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the polyester, namely polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN); the polyamide is polycaprolactam PA6 or polyhexamethylene adipamide PA 66.
The sheath-core colored industrial yarn has the intrinsic viscosity of 0.6-1.1 dl/g, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the polyethylene terephthalate PET, the polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT or the polybutylene terephthalate PBT is higher than that of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyethylene naphthalate PEN is 0.7-1.2 dl/g; the relative viscosity of the polycaprolactam PA6 is 2.4-3.4 dl/g; the relative viscosity of the polyhexamethylene adipamide PA66 is 2.4-3.4 dl/g (the intrinsic viscosity is generally used in the polyester industry, and the relative viscosity is generally used in the polyamide industry); the melt index MI of the polypropylene is 2-20; the polyethylene has a melt index MI of 0.2 to 1.2.
The pigment or dye is more than one of inorganic pigment, organic pigment, special pigment and organic dye, wherein the decomposition temperature of the organic dye can be lower than 250 ℃, and the invention can successfully add the colored dye with lower decomposition temperature into the industrial yarn, thereby reducing the cost.
In the sheath-core colored industrial yarn, the inorganic pigment is one or more of metal oxide, sulfide, sulfate, chromate, molybdate and carbon black; the organic pigment is more than one of azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, heterocyclic pigments and lake pigments; the special pigment is more than one of metal powder, pearlescent pigment, fluorescent whitening agent, fluorescent pigment, interference pigment and temperature change pigment; the organic dye is more than one of azo dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, heterocyclic dyes and lake dyes.
The sheath-core colored industrial yarn can be applied to the fields of textile and composite material industry.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the skin-core colored industrial yarn, which takes the polymer dispersed with pigment or dye as a core layer material and the polymer of the same kind as the core layer material as a skin layer material, and carries out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component; the melt spinning process parameters are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 100-320 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is not higher than 340 ℃, the stretching temperature is 105-180 ℃, the stretching ratio is 4-6 times, and the heat setting temperature is 75-190 ℃.
In the composite spinning process, at the outlet of a spinneret orifice, the skin layer and the core layer quickly reach the same temperature due to heat transfer, the melt viscosity of the core layer is relatively low at the same spinning temperature, and the pigment or dye in the core layer material is more easily and uniformly dispersed.
The heat stretching process of the formed fiber depends on heat transfer of hot rollers or hot air, and because the heat transfer coefficient of the fiber is small, the temperature has gradient distribution with high sheath layer and low core layer along the radial direction of the fiber, under the condition of the temperature distribution, the radial viscosity of the fiber with the sheath-core structure tends to be consistent, so that the radial stress, the orientation and the crystalline structure are more uniform, and the problem of nonuniform radial structure of the fiber is solved.
The invention mechanism is as follows:
according to the colored industrial yarn composite spinning, the molecular weight of the core layer is lower than that of the skin layer, so that the molecular weight of a core layer polymer is reduced, the dispersion effect of colored powder is effectively improved, and the problem of uneven fiber radial structure caused by viscosity, stress and orientation degree difference caused by fiber radial temperature difference in the fiber forming process is solved. By solving the two problems, the product has the characteristics of excellent color fastness, small color difference, wide color spectrum and bright color, and simultaneously, the mechanical property of the fiber is effectively improved. The invention improves the strength of the industrial yarn fiber and the color fastness thereof, and expands the application of the industrial yarn in the industrial field.
The empirical formula of radial temperature, viscosity, stress and orientation difference when the fiber is drafted is as follows:
1) temperature distribution:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein xi is a dimensionless axial coordinate; theta is the dimensionless temperature; h is the average of the fibersSurface heat transfer coefficient; k is melt thermal conductivity; r is the distance from the center of the fiber; r is the fiber radius; t isrIs the temperature; t isaIs the ambient temperature; t issIs the spinning temperature.
2) Viscosity distribution:
when T > Tm is greater than the value of T,
η＝(AMW)3.36exp[B/(Tr+273)]
when T < Tm is present,
η＝(AMW)3.36exp[B/(Tr+273)][a(c/c∞)b]
wherein A, B, a and B are specific constant parameters; mWIs the weight average molecular weight; c is the degree of crystallinity; c. C∞Eta infinity, crystallinity.
3) Distribution of traction stress:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the draw speed gradient.
4) Molecular orientation distribution:
wherein Δ n is the birefringence, Δ0Is characteristic birefringence, constant; c is the stress optical coefficient, constant.
A schematic diagram of the temperature distribution, viscosity distribution, traction stress distribution, and molecular orientation distribution is shown in fig. 1.
The polymer is a poor thermal conductor, and a temperature difference, namely a temperature gradient, can be generated along the radial direction from the surface to the inside of the fiber, and the phenomenon is more obvious for homogeneous fibers with larger single-filament fineness, and even a serious sheath-core structure is generated. The radial viscosity is distributed to a certain extent due to the temperature distribution difference, the stress concentration occurs on the surface layer with high viscosity, the distribution difference of the stress causes the non-uniform orientation and crystallization of macromolecules, which is the source of the non-uniform radial structure of the fiber, and as a result, the strong extensibility, the flexibility, the bending resistance, the wear resistance and the fatigue resistance of the fiber are poor.
The invention takes a material with lower viscosity as a core layer, a material with higher viscosity as a skin layer for composite fiber formation, the viscosity distribution of the skin-core material after composite is shown as figure 2, curves 1 and 2 in figure 2 are respectively the viscosity change curves of the skin layer material (high viscosity) and the core layer material (low viscosity) caused by temperature distribution, and the viscosity change curve of the skin layer material and the core layer material after composite fiber formation is shown as a dotted line in figure 2. Therefore, the invention solves the problem of uneven fiber radial structure caused by viscosity, stress and orientation degree difference caused by fiber radial temperature difference in the fiber back drawing forming process, and ensures that the product has excellent mechanical property.
Has the advantages that:
(1) according to the sheath-core colored industrial yarn, the low-viscosity polymer is used as a core layer material, the high-viscosity similar polymer is used as a sheath layer material, the problem of uneven fiber structure caused by radial temperature difference of fibers in the process of fiber post-stretching forming is solved, the mechanical property of the industrial yarn is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the coloring material is added into the core layer, so that the color fastness of the product is greatly improved;
(2) the preparation method of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn has the advantages of simple process, low cost and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of temperature distribution, viscosity distribution, traction stress distribution, and molecular orientation distribution;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the viscosity distribution of the skin-core material after compounding according to the present invention;
where r represents the distance from the center of the fiber.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: carrying out melt spinning by using polyethylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.6dl/g as a core layer material and using polyethylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.75dl/g as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein titanium dioxide is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 10:90, and the content of the titanium dioxide in the core layer material is 0.5 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 290 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the drawing temperature is 160 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4.5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 170 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.1dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.6cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grades.
Example 2
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: carrying out melt spinning by using poly (propylene terephthalate) with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.85dl/g as a core layer material and using poly (propylene terephthalate) with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.1dl/g as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein cadmium sulfide is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 40:60, and the content of the cadmium sulfide in the core layer material is 12 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 280 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 290 ℃, the drawing temperature is 160 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 165 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.2dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.9cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 3
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: taking polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.85dl/g as a core layer material, taking polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.95dl/g as a skin layer material, carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component, dispersing barium sulfate in the core layer material, wherein the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 20:80, and the content of barium sulfate in the core layer material is 6 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 280 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 290 ℃, the drawing temperature is 150 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 140 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.2dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.5cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grade, the color fastness to rubbing is 4.5 grade, and the color fastness to ironing is 4.5 grade.
Example 4
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: using polyethylene naphthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.92dl/g as a core layer material, using polyethylene naphthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.2dl/g as a skin layer material, carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component, wherein zinc chromate is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 30:70, and the content of zinc chromate in the core layer material is 1 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 310 ℃, the drawing temperature is 180 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 190 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.05dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 7.8cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 5
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: carrying out melt spinning by using polyethylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.95dl/g as a core layer material and polyethylene naphthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.1dl/g as a sheath layer material through a sheath-core composite component, wherein lead molybdate is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the sheath layer material to the core layer material is 10:90, and the content of lead molybdate in the core layer material is 10 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 290 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 310 ℃, the drawing temperature is 170 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 175 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.2dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 7.1cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grades.
Example 6
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: carrying out melt spinning by using polyethylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1dl/g as a core layer material and polyethylene naphthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.2dl/g as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein carbon black is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 40:60, and the content of the carbon black in the core layer material is 2 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 290 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 310 ℃, the drawing temperature is 170 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4.5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 175 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.9dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.6cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4.5 grades.
Example 7
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: polyethylene naphthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.7dl/g is used as a core layer material, polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.85dl/g is used as a skin layer material, melt spinning is carried out through a skin-core composite component, azo pigment red 166 is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 35:65, and the content of the pigment red 166 in the core layer material is 3 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 310 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 290 ℃, the drawing temperature is 165 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 180 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.4dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.9cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grades.
Example 8
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out melt spinning by using polycaprolactam with the relative viscosity of 2.4dl/g as a core layer material and using polycaprolactam with the relative viscosity of 3.12dl/g as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein phthalocyanine pigment phthalocyanine blue is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 10:90, and the content of the phthalocyanine blue in the core layer material is 1 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 260 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 270 ℃, the drawing temperature is 140 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4.5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 160 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.8dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.7cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grades.
Example 9
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out melt spinning by using polyhexamethylene adipamide with the relative viscosity of 3.2dl/g as a core layer material and using polyhexamethylene adipamide with the relative viscosity of 3.4dl/g as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein the core layer material is dispersed with heterocyclic pigment yellow 157, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 40:60, and the content of the pigment yellow 157 in the core layer material is 2 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 285 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the drawing temperature is 150 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 175 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.3dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 7.1cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grades.
Example 10
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out melt spinning by using polycaprolactam with the relative viscosity of 2.4dl/g as a core layer material and polyhexamethylene adipamide with the relative viscosity of 2.88dl/g as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein lake pigment lithol scarlet is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 20:80, and the content of the lithol scarlet in the core layer material is 3 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 260 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 295 ℃, the drawing temperature is 150 ℃, the drawing ratio is 6 times, and the heat setting temperature is 160 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.2dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.6cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grades.
Example 11
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: carrying out melt spinning by using polypropylene with a melt index MI of 2 as a core layer material and polypropylene with a melt index MI of 2.6 as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein aluminum powder is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 10:90, and the content of the aluminum powder in the core layer material is 4 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 200 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 210 ℃, the drawing temperature is 120 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4 times, and the heat setting temperature is 150 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 5.1dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.6cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 12
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: carrying out melt spinning by using polypropylene with the melt index MI of 16.6 as a core layer material and polypropylene with the melt index MI of 20 as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein Fe is dispersed in the core layer material2O3The mass ratio of the surface layer material to the core layer material of the mica golden pearl powder coating is 20:80, and the core layer material contains Fe2O3The content of the coated mica golden pearl powder is 5 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 210 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 215 ℃, the drawing temperature is 160 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 140 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 5.3dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.7cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grade, the color fastness to rubbing is 4.5 grade, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grade.
Example 13
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: the polyethylene with the melt index MI of 0.2 is used as a core layer material, the polyethylene with the melt index MI of 0.26 is used as a skin layer material, melt spinning is carried out through a skin-core composite component, fluorescent green pigment is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 40:60, and the content of the fluorescent green pigment in the core layer material is 0.5 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 110 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 120 ℃, the drawing temperature is 65 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5.5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 80 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 5.1dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.9cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4.5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4.5 grades.
Example 14
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: the polyethylene with the melt index MI of 1.14 is used as a core layer material, the polyethylene with the melt index MI of 1.2 is used as a skin layer material, melt spinning is carried out through a skin-core composite component, the fluorescent whitening agent CBS is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 10:90, and the content of the fluorescent whitening agent CBS in the core layer material is 7 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 110 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 120 ℃, the drawing temperature is 70 ℃, the drawing ratio is 6 times, and the heat setting temperature is 75 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 6.2dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.9cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grades.
Example 15
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: the polyethylene with the melt index MI of 0.75 is used as a core layer material, the polyethylene with the melt index MI of 1 is used as a skin layer material, melt spinning is carried out through a skin-core composite component, interference pigment titanium dioxide coated mica sheets are dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 32:68, and the content of the titanium dioxide coated mica sheets in the core layer material is 4 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 115 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 120 ℃, the drawing temperature is 75 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4 times, and the heat setting temperature is 80 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 5.2dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 7.2cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 16
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: taking polypropylene with the melt index MI of 10 as a core layer material and polypropylene with the melt index MI of 13 as a skin layer material, carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component, and dispersing a temperature-change pigment MCrO in the core layer material4The mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 10:90, and MCrO in the core layer material4The content of (B) is 10 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 200 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 205 ℃, the drawing temperature is 180 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4 times, and the heat setting temperature is 120 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 6.0dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 7.0cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4.5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 17
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: polyethylene glycol terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1dl/g is taken as a core layer material, polypropylene glycol terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.05dl/g is taken as a skin layer material, melt spinning is carried out through a skin-core composite component, an azo dye Sudan red No. 1 is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 20:80, and the content of the Sudan red No. 1 in the core layer material is 0.6 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 300 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 305 ℃, the drawing temperature is 170 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4 times, and the heat setting temperature is 170 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.8dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.8cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is grade 5, the color fastness to rubbing is grade 4.5, and the color fastness to ironing is grade 4.5.
Example 18
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: polyethylene glycol terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.7dl/g is taken as a core layer material, polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.85dl/g is taken as a skin layer material, melt spinning is carried out through a skin-core composite component, copper phthalocyanine dye is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 40:60, and the content of the copper phthalocyanine dye in the core layer material is 2 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 295 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 295 ℃, the drawing temperature is 170 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 165 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.8dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.9cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 19
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: taking poly (propylene terephthalate) with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.8dl/g as a core layer material, taking poly (butylene terephthalate) with the intrinsic viscosity of 1dl/g as a skin layer material, carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component, dispersing a heterocyclic dye C.I. direct blue 108 in the core layer material, wherein the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 30:70, and the content of the C.I. direct blue 108 in the core layer material is 6 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 280 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 280 ℃, the drawing temperature is 150 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 160 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.4dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.3cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 20
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: taking polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1dl/g as a core layer material, taking polypropylene glycol terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.05dl/g as a skin layer material, carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component, dispersing triarylmethane lake pigment in the core layer material, wherein the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 20:80, and the content of the triarylmethane lake pigment in the core layer material is 3 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 280 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 285 ℃, the drawing temperature is 150 ℃, the drawing ratio is 5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 155 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 5.2dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 7.3cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4.5 grades.
Example 21
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: taking polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.9dl/g as a core layer material, taking polypropylene glycol terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.1dl/g as a skin layer material, carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component, wherein cadmium sulfide/barium sulfate (the mass ratio is 1:1) is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 10:90, and the content of the cadmium sulfide/barium sulfate in the core layer material is 2 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 280 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 285 ℃, the drawing temperature is 155 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4.5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 170 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 5.0dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.6cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 22
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: the polyethylene with the melt index MI of 0.95 is used as a core layer material, the polyethylene with the melt index MI of 1.2 is used as a skin layer material, melt spinning is carried out through a skin-core composite component, copper powder/Fe 2O3 coated mica golden yellow pearl powder (the mass ratio is 1:2) is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 10:90, and the content of the copper powder/Fe 2O3 coated mica golden yellow pearl powder in the core layer material is 10 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 100 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 105 ℃, the drawing temperature is 75 ℃, the drawing ratio is 6 times, and the heat setting temperature is 80 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.8dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.9cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 4 grades.
Example 23
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: carrying out melt spinning by using polypropylene with the melt index MI of 6 as a core layer material and polypropylene with the melt index MI of 8 as a skin layer material through a skin-core composite component, wherein pigment red 166/phthalocyanine blue (the mass ratio is 2:1) is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 40:60, and the content of the pigment red 166/phthalocyanine blue in the core layer material is 7 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 195 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 200 ℃, the drawing temperature is 120 ℃, the drawing ratio is 6 times, and the heat setting temperature is 140 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 4.8dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 7.1cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is grade 5, the color fastness to rubbing is grade 4, and the color fastness to ironing is grade 5.
Example 24
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: polyethylene naphthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.7dl/g is used as a core layer material, polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.8dl/g is used as a sheath layer material, melt spinning is carried out through a sheath-core composite component, Sudan red No. 3/phthalocyanine blue (the mass ratio is 2:1) is dispersed in the core layer material, the mass ratio of the sheath layer material to the core layer material is 20:80, and the content of the Sudan red No. 3/phthalocyanine blue in the core layer material is 9 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 310 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 315 ℃, the drawing temperature is 180 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4 times, and the heat setting temperature is 190 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 5.0dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 6.9cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4.5 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Example 25
A method for preparing sheath-core colored industrial yarn comprises the following steps: taking polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.9dl/g as a core layer material, taking polybutylene terephthalate with the intrinsic viscosity of 1dl/g as a skin layer material, carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component, dispersing red copper powder/phthalocyanine blue (the mass ratio is 2:1) in the core layer material, wherein the mass ratio of the skin layer material to the core layer material is 30:70, and the content of the red copper powder/phthalocyanine blue in the core layer material is 7 wt%; the technological parameters of melt spinning are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 280 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is 285 ℃, the drawing temperature is 150 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4.5 times, and the heat setting temperature is 160 ℃.
The filament number of the finally prepared sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 6dtex, the tensile breaking strength is 7.0cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is 5 grades, the color fastness to rubbing is 4 grades, and the color fastness to ironing is 5 grades.
Claims (8)
1. A sheath-core colored industrial yarn is characterized in that: under the same spinning temperature condition, the melt viscosity of a skin layer material of the skin-core type colored industrial yarn is greater than that of a core layer material, and pigment or dye is dispersed in the core layer material; the filament number of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn is more than 4dtex, the tensile breaking strength is more than 6.5cN/dtex, the color fastness to washing is grade 5, the color fastness to rubbing is grade 4-5, and the color fastness to ironing is grade 4-5;
the melt viscosity of the sheath material of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn is greater than that of the core material, and means that the melt viscosity of the sheath material is 1.05-1.30 times of that of the core material at the same temperature;
the sheath layer material and the core layer material of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn are similar polymers; the polymer is polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or polyethylene.
2. The sheath-core colored industrial yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the sheath material to the core material of the sheath-core colored industrial yarn is 10: 90-40: 60; the content of the pigment or the dye in the core layer material is 0.5-12 wt%.
3. The sheath-core colored industrial yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyester is polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate; the polyamide is polycaprolactam or polyhexamethylene adipamide.
4. The sheath-core colored industrial yarn as claimed in claim 3, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the polyethylene terephthalate, the polypropylene terephthalate or the polybutylene terephthalate is 0.6 to 1.1 dl/g; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyethylene naphthalate is 0.7-1.2 dl/g; the relative viscosity of the polycaprolactam is 2.4-3.4 dl/g; the relative viscosity of the polyhexamethylene adipamide is 2.4-3.4 dl/g; the melt index MI of the polypropylene is 2-20; the polyethylene has a melt index MI of 0.2 to 1.2.
5. The sheath-core colored industrial yarn of claim 1, wherein the pigment or dye is one or more of an inorganic pigment, an organic pigment, a special pigment and an organic dye, and the decomposition temperature of the organic dye is lower than 250 ℃.
6. The sheath-core colored industrial yarn as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inorganic pigment is one or more of metal oxide, sulfide, sulfate, chromate, molybdate and carbon black; the organic pigment is more than one of azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, heterocyclic pigments and lake pigments; the special pigment is more than one of metal powder, pearlescent pigment, fluorescent whitening agent, fluorescent pigment, interference pigment and temperature change pigment; the organic dye is more than one of azo dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, heterocyclic dyes and lake dyes.
7. The sheath-core colored industrial yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sheath-core colored industrial yarn is applicable to textile and composite material industry.
8. A method for preparing the sheath-core colored industrial yarn as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: taking a polymer dispersed with pigment or dye as a core layer material, taking a polymer of the same kind as the core layer material as a skin layer material, and carrying out melt spinning through a skin-core composite component; the melt spinning process parameters are as follows: the core layer spinning temperature is 100-320 ℃, the skin layer spinning temperature is not higher than 340 ℃, the drawing temperature is 105-180 ℃, the drawing ratio is 4-6 times, and the heat setting temperature is 75-190 ℃.
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| CN110079890A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-02 | 绍兴喜能纺织科技有限公司 | A kind of bicomponent composite fibre and preparation method thereof |
| CN111206298A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-05-29 | 闽江学院 | Preparation method of skin-core composite structure dope-colored red chinlon 6 fiber |
| CN111197186A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-26 | 江苏江南高纤股份有限公司 | Kangli composite short fiber and its preparation method |
| CN111188104A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-22 | 江苏江南高纤股份有限公司 | Skin-core structure composite short fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN111379046A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-07 | 广东彩艳股份有限公司 | High-color-fastness composite fiber for preventing dye sensitization and carcinogenesis and preparation method thereof |
| CN112080813B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-08-23 | 厦门翔鹭化纤股份有限公司 | High-color-fastness degradable fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113789587A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-14 | 南通新帝克单丝科技股份有限公司 | Light-storing monofilament and preparation method thereof |
| CN113897704A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-07 | 无锡金通高纤股份有限公司 | Polyethylene sheath-core composite colorful fiber, preparation method and application |
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