CN108623199B - Method for preparing geopolymer gelled material and geopolymer mortar - Google Patents
Method for preparing geopolymer gelled material and geopolymer mortar Download PDFInfo
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- CN108623199B CN108623199B CN201810690718.6A CN201810690718A CN108623199B CN 108623199 B CN108623199 B CN 108623199B CN 201810690718 A CN201810690718 A CN 201810690718A CN 108623199 B CN108623199 B CN 108623199B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B12/00—Cements not provided for in groups C04B7/00 - C04B11/00
- C04B12/005—Geopolymer cements, e.g. reaction products of aluminosilicates with alkali metal hydroxides or silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a geopolymer gelled material and geopolymer mortar, which comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the fly ash; uniformly mixing the pretreated fly ash, slag powder and a composite activator according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.40-3.35, the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.30-0.50 and the Ca/Si molar ratio of not more than 0.95; mixing water: adding mixing water into the fly ash and slag powder in a mass ratio of 0.20-0.40, and purifying the slurry mixture; putting the clean slurry mixture into a mold, curing for 12 to 72 hours at the temperature of between 20 and 80 ℃ and at the relative humidity of between 50 and 95 percent, and then demolding; and curing the demoulded test piece to obtain the geopolymer gelled material. The invention produces and prepares the novel geopolymer material by taking the household garbage incineration fly ash and the slag powder as gelling components, thereby realizing the treatment and resource utilization of the fly ash.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment and recycling and geopolymer material preparation intersection, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a geopolymer gelled material and geopolymer mortar.
Background
At present, the yield of municipal solid waste in China is increased sharply, and the domestic waste incineration method has the characteristics of high-temperature sterilization, stable residue, obvious volume reduction and decrement and energy recycling, so that the domestic waste incineration method is more and more widely applied in China. But a large amount of fly ash is generated in the process of burning the household garbage, the amount of the fly ash in the fluidized bed incinerator is 15% -20% of the burning amount, and the amount of the fly ash in the grate furnace is 3% -5% of the burning amount. Meanwhile, the fly ash is rich in a large amount of heavy metals and dioxin, can cause harm to human health and ecological environment, and is listed in the list of hazardous wastes in China. At present, research and development and application of fly ash harmless and recycling comprehensive treatment technology are very urgent. The fly ash is the residue collected in a flue gas purification system and a heat recovery and utilization system in the household garbage incineration treatment.
At present, the treatment of the household garbage incineration fly ash comprises harmless treatment and resource utilization. Most fly ash after harmless treatment is sent to a landfill site for landfill disposal, and the fly ash after the stabilization treatment is mainly recycled by preparing building materials such as cement, ceramic/sintered bricks, ceramsite, glass/microcrystalline glass, cement-based mortar, concrete and the like, is used as a rock engineering material such as a roadbed, a protective embankment and the like, is used as a soil conditioner, and is used for preparing a zeolite adsorption material. Therefore, the resource utilization of the fly ash after the stabilization treatment of the household garbage incineration fly ash is the only way for solving the treatment problem.
Through years of development, the following technologies are mainly formed in the process technology for treating the household garbage incineration fly ash: chemical agent stabilization, adhesive curing treatment (including cement curing treatment and asphalt mixture treatment), separation and extraction treatment (including water washing pretreatment, heavy metal biological/chemical extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and the like), heat treatment (including sintering heat treatment, melting/glass curing treatment, cement kiln cooperative treatment), geopolymer treatment and the like.
The traditional fly ash treatment technologies such as cement solidification treatment, chemical agent stabilization, sintering heat treatment, melting/glass solidification treatment and the like have the defects of large capacity increase, high cost, secondary pollution and the like, so that the traditional fly ash treatment technologies are difficult to effectively popularize. Fly ash disposal technologies such as heavy metal biological/chemical extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and the like are only in a basic research stage due to the defects of large investment, high cost, poor applicability and the like.
At present, fly ash treatment technologies such as water washing pretreatment, cement kiln cooperative treatment, geopolymer treatment and the like have the characteristics of feasible technology and process, better economy, good environmental safety and the like, and are gradually popularized and applied. The water washing pretreatment technology mainly aims to reduce the content of heavy metal and chloride in the fly ash, obviously improve the treatment effects of cement solidification treatment, cement kiln cooperative treatment, sintering, melting heat treatment and other methods, and provide feasibility for large-scale resource utilization of subsequent products, but has the problem that the waste liquid after water washing needs further treatment. After the fly ash is subjected to water washing pretreatment, the fly ash is treated by adopting a cement kiln cooperative treatment technology, so that organic pollutants such as dioxin and the like can be eliminated, the effective solidification of heavy metals is realized, but the process technology needs to be additionally provided with multi-stage flue gas treatment measures to ensure that the flue gas emission reaches the standard, and the total cost is higher. The geopolymer treatment technology is characterized in that Al and Si sources in the fly ash or Al and Si sources added outside the fly ash are utilized to synthesize aluminosilicate minerals under alkaline conditions, heavy metals are stabilized in the minerals, the chemical stability of the fly ash can be effectively improved by utilizing the technology, and the method has obvious advantages in the aspects of economy, technology, environment and the like, so the geopolymer fly ash treatment technology has very high application and popularization potential.
The preparation parameters such as the composition of active ingredient elements of the material, the parameters of the exciting agent, the water consumption (water-material ratio and water-glue ratio), the maintenance condition and the like have great influence on the performance of the geopolymer, and meanwhile, the preparation parameters of the fly ash-based geopolymer have great influence on the stable solidification effect of heavy metals in the fly ash, so that the selection of each preparation parameter is crucial to the preparation of the fly ash-based geopolymer, the treatment of the fly ash from the waste incineration and the resource utilization.
The method aims at a single raw material of the fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage, prepares a solidified material under the consideration of the parameters of an exciting agent, the liquid-solid ratio and other influence factors, and realizes the landfill treatment application of the fly ash by a method of alkali-excited solidification stabilization and chemical agent stabilization treatment.
At present, a method for stably treating waste incineration fly ash by alkali-activated solidification is also disclosed, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) carrying out pre-treatment of levigating and activity adjustment on the waste incineration fly ash; 2) adding water and a heavy metal stabilizer, and fully stirring to fully combine the soluble heavy metal in the fly ash with the heavy metal stabilizer to mineralize and stabilize the fly ash; 3) then adding a composite excitant into the fly ash slurry, and fully stirring; 4) then, carrying out water bath heating treatment, controlling the heating temperature and the heating time, and stirring irregularly to ensure that the fly ash slurry material is heated uniformly; 5) and finally, molding and maintaining the mixed material to further block mineralized heavy metals in the fly ash and solidify dioxin in the fly ash, so that harmless solidification and stable treatment of the fly ash are finally realized. The method realizes landfill disposal of the waste incineration fly ash by chemical agent stabilization and alkali-activated curing stabilization treatment, has the advantages of basically no capacity increase, treatment cost reduction, transportation cost saving, landfill space reduction and the like, considers the preparation parameters of fly ash-based geopolymers such as the composition of active ingredient elements of materials, and the like, but only adopts a curing mode at a higher temperature of 60-90 ℃ at the curing temperature, does not fully consider the influence parameters of the preparation of the fly ash-based geopolymers such as excitant parameters, water consumption, curing conditions and the like, can not well adopt alkali-activated curing to stabilize heavy metals in the fly ash, and can not be used as a method for treating and recycling the fly ash.
A process for preparing the cementing material from the fly ash generated by burning domestic garbage includes alkali exciting the fly ash, baking, grinding, sieving to obtain pretreated fly ash, mixing it with additive and exciting agent, and curing. The process method does not consider the problem of environmental safety of heavy metals in the resource utilization of the fly ash generated by burning the household garbage, only considers the relevant performance of the prepared fly ash-based cementing material, does not effectively control the composition of effective component elements of the material, parameters of an excitant and other influencing factors, and has the advantages of complex preparation process, low operability and poor production and application.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a geopolymer cementing material and geopolymer mortar, which realizes the treatment and resource utilization of waste incineration fly ash by preparing the geopolymer cementing material and mortar, and realizes the treatment and resource utilization of fly ash by producing the geopolymer material by using the household waste incineration fly ash and slag powder as geopolymer cementing components.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method of preparing a geopolymer cement comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the fly ash to pre-treat the fly ash to ensure that the water content is not more than 1 percent, the oversize mass fraction (fineness) of a 45-micron square-hole sieve is not more than 20 percent or the specific surface area is not less than 300m2/kg；
Step two: uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite activator pretreated in the first step by taking the molar ratio of Si/Al of 2.60-3.35, the molar ratio of Na/Si of 0.30-0.50 and the molar ratio of Ca/Si of not more than 0.95;
step three: mixing water: adding mixing water into the fly ash and the slag powder in a mass ratio of 0.20-0.40, and fully stirring to obtain a clean slurry mixture; when the composite excitant is a liquid component, the composite excitant is uniformly mixed with mixing water, then added into the uniformly mixed fly ash and slag powder components, and fully stirred to obtain a neat paste mixture;
step four: putting the clean slurry mixture into a mold, curing for 12 to 72 hours at the temperature of between 20 and 80 ℃ and at the relative humidity of between 50 and 95 percent, and then demolding;
step five: and curing the demoulded test piece at the temperature of 20-60 ℃ and the relative humidity of 50-95% to obtain the geopolymer cementing material, wherein the geopolymer cementing material is a fly ash-slag powder composite matrix geopolymer cementing material.
The prepared geopolymer cementing material has a stable solidification effect on heavy metal elements including lead, zinc, nickel, manganese, copper and chromium in fly ash.
And detecting the coagulation time, stability and strength of the prepared geopolymer cementing material and leachable heavy metals.
Furthermore, the composite activator is a mixture of one or two of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, the modulus (the ratio of the mole number of silicon dioxide to the mole number of sodium oxide) of the composite activator is 1.0-1.6, and the mixing amount of the composite activator is 5-40% of the total mass of the fly ash and the slag powder.
Further, the fly ash is a residue collected in a flue gas purification system and a heat recovery utilization system in the household garbage incineration treatment, the mass fraction of calcium oxide in the fly ash is not less than 15%, the mass fraction of silicon dioxide is not less than 5%, and the mass fraction of aluminum oxide is not less than 2%.
Further, the slag powder is not less than S95 grade slag powder, and the specific surface area is not less than 400m2The fluidity ratio is not less than 95 percent, the mass fraction of the content of the glass body is not less than 85 percent, and the mass fraction of the water content is not more than 1 percent.
Further, the pH value of the blending water is not more than 4.5, the insoluble substance is not more than 2000mg/L, the soluble substance is not more than 5000mg/L, and SO4 2-Not more than 2000 mg/L.
The fluidity of the net pulp mixture in the third step is 160 mm-200 mm, or the water consumption of the standard consistency of the net pulp mixture is 20.0% -28.0%; the stirring speed is 140-300 r/min, and the stirring time is 7-40 min.
The curing time of the geopolymer cementing material is not less than 14 days when the geopolymer cementing material is applied at the temperature of less than 40 ℃.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the geopolymer mortar, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the fly ash to pre-treat the fly ash to ensure that the water content is not more than 1 percent, the oversize mass fraction (fineness) of a 45-micron square-hole sieve is not more than 20 percent or the specific surface area is not less than 300m2/kg；
Step two: uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite excitant pretreated in the step one by taking the molar ratio of Si/Al to 0.60-3.35, the molar ratio of Na/Si to 0.30-0.50 and the molar ratio of Ca/Si to not more than 0.95, adding fine aggregate according to the mass ratio of (fly ash + slag powder) to the fine aggregate to uniformly mix; in the step, an additive and an additive can be added to improve the performance of producing and preparing the geopolymer mortar, wherein the additive is a water reducing agent, an expanding agent, a retarder and a waterproof agent; the additive is re-dispersible latex powder, pigment and fiber.
Step three: mixing water: and (the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag powder to the fine aggregate) is 0.10-0.35, adding mixing water, and fully stirring to obtain the geopolymer mortar. When the composite exciting agent is a liquid component, the liquid component is uniformly mixed with required mixing water and then added, and the mixture is fully stirred to obtain geopolymer mortar, wherein the geopolymer mortar is fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar.
Furthermore, the prepared geopolymer mortar has a stable solidification effect on heavy metal elements in fly ash, such as lead, zinc, nickel, manganese, copper and chromium.
Furthermore, the fine aggregate is sand, the fineness modulus is 1.6-3.0, the mass fraction of the mud content is not more than 5%, and the mass fraction of the mud block content is not more than 2%.
Furthermore, the composite activator is a mixture of one or two of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, the modulus (the ratio of the mole number of silicon dioxide to the mole number of sodium oxide) of the composite activator is 1.0-1.6, and the mixing amount of the composite activator is 5-40% of the total mass of the fly ash and the slag powder.
Further, the fly ash is a residue collected in a flue gas purification system and a heat recovery utilization system in the household garbage incineration treatment, the mass fraction of calcium oxide in the fly ash is not less than 15%, the mass fraction of silicon dioxide is not less than 5%, and the mass fraction of aluminum oxide is not less than 2%.
Further, the slag powder is not less than S95 grade slag powder, and the specific surface area is not less than 400m2The fluidity ratio is not less than 95 percent, the mass fraction of the content of the glass body is not less than 85 percent, and the mass fraction of the water content is not more than 1 percent.
Further, the consistency of the geopolymer mortar in the second step is 50-110 mm; the stirring is carried out by a forced stirrer for not less than 5 min.
Further, the pH value of the blending water is not more than 4.5, the insoluble substance is not more than 2000mg/L, the soluble substance is not more than 5000mg/L, and SO4 2-Not more than 2000 mg/L.
Further, the water retention rate, the 1h consistency loss rate, the setting time, the 28d shrinkage rate and the 56d shrinkage rate, the compressive strength, the freezing resistance and leachable heavy metals of the prepared geopolymer mortar are detected.
Furthermore, when the geopolymer mortar is applied, the curing time is not less than 14 days.
Compared with the prior art, the method for preparing the geopolymer cementing material and the geopolymer mortar has the following advantages:
according to the method for preparing the geopolymer cementing material and the geopolymer mortar, the domestic waste incineration fly ash is used as a raw material to prepare the geopolymer, the preparation parameters such as the composition of active ingredient elements of the material, the parameters of an exciting agent, the water consumption and the maintenance temperature are effectively controlled, and meanwhile, the heavy metal in the fly ash is effectively and stably solidified to produce and prepare the geopolymer material, and the geopolymer material can leach the heavy metal to meet the application requirement, so that secondary pollution to the environment is avoided.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The household garbage incineration fly ash used in the invention is from a household garbage incineration power plant of Tianjin, is fly ash collected by a bag-type dust collector of a grate furnace type garbage incinerator, and is subjected to low-temperature thermal degradation treatment of dioxin, and the content of the dioxin is reduced to below 10ng TEQ/kg.
The fly ash raw material related to the embodiment and the comparative example of the invention is pretreated by drying and grinding, the related slag powder is S95-grade slag powder, the physicochemical properties of the fly ash and slag powder raw material are shown in Table 1, and the related industrial liquid water glass raw material SiO is232.08 percent of Na and2the mass fraction of O is 11.84 percent, the modulus is 2.80, the chemical properties of the related mixing water are shown in table 2, the fineness modulus of the related fine aggregate sand raw material is 2.4, the mud content is 2.4 percent, and the mud block content is 0.6 percent; the leachable heavy metals (heavy metal leaching amount) of the raw materials are shown in Table 3, wherein the leachable heavy metals are detected according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry Standard "sulfuric acid-nitric acid method of solid waste leaching toxicity Leaching method" HJ/T299-2007.
TABLE 1 physicochemical Properties of fly ash and slag powder
TABLE 2 blending Water chemistry
TABLE 3 leachable heavy metals from the raw materials
In the following examples, the preparation parameters such as the composition of the active ingredient elements of the material, the parameters of the exciting agent, the water consumption and the curing temperature are respectively and effectively controlled, and the fly ash-slag powder composite based geopolymer gelled material is detected and evaluated from the two aspects of material performance and material leachable heavy metals.
A gelling component: is composed of fly ash and slag powder.
Water-to-glue ratio: the mass ratio of the mixing water to the gelling component, namely the mass ratio of the mixing water to the fly ash and the slag powder.
Mixing amount of the composite exciting agent: the doping mass of the composite excitant accounts for the percentage of the total mass of the gelling components consisting of the fly ash and the slag powder.
The glue-sand ratio is as follows: the mass ratio of the gelled component to the fine aggregate sand, namely the mass ratio of the fly ash, the slag powder and the fine aggregate sand.
The water-material ratio: the mass ratio of the mixing water to the fly ash, the slag powder and the fine aggregate.
Example 1
Preparing a fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material:
1) preparation of a compound excitant with a preparation modulus of 1.3:
firstly weighing 100 parts of water glass for preparing a compound excitant with a modulus of 1.3, then weighing 10.59 parts of sodium hydroxide reagent according to chemical components of water glass raw materials, stirring and adding the sodium hydroxide reagent into the weighed water glass, and uniformly dissolving the sodium hydroxide reagent to obtain the compound excitant with the modulus of 1.3;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite exciting agent is 20 percent, the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite exciting agent are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.70 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.36, the Ca/Si molar ratio is 0.89, and the mixture of 100 parts of the fly ash and the slag powder is uniformly stirred;
3) weighing 32 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.32), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the uniformly mixed mixture into 100 parts of fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
4) stirring and forming: stirring at 200 rpm for 20min to obtain a net slurry mixture, and injecting the net slurry mixture into a mold for vibration molding;
5) and (3) maintaining the test piece: and curing the test mold for 24 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90%, demolding, and curing the test piece to the age at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite matrix polymer cementing material.
Example 2
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite exciting agent is 20 percent, the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite exciting agent are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.80 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.42, the Ca/Si molar ratio is 0.92, and 100 parts of the fly ash and the slag powder are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 33 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.33), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the mixture into 100 parts of uniformly mixed fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
4) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Example 3
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite exciting agent is 35 percent, the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite exciting agent are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 3.26 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.46, the Ca/Si molar ratio is 0.70, and 100 parts of the fly ash and the slag powder are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 33 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.33), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the mixture into 100 parts of uniformly mixed fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
4) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Example 4
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite exciting agent is 14 percent, the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite exciting agent are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.48 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.31, the Ca/Si molar ratio is 0.97, and 100 parts of the fly ash and the slag powder are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 31 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.31), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the uniformly mixed mixture into 100 parts of fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
4) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Example 5
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) preparation of a compound excitant with a preparation modulus of 1.5: weighing 100 parts of water glass for preparing a compound excitant with a modulus of 1.5, weighing 7.95 parts of sodium hydroxide reagent according to chemical components of water glass raw materials, stirring and adding the sodium hydroxide reagent into the weighed water glass, and uniformly dissolving the sodium hydroxide reagent to obtain the compound excitant with the modulus of 1.5;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite exciting agent is 20 percent, the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite exciting agent are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.70 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.33, the Ca/Si molar ratio is 0.89, and 100 parts of the fly ash and the slag powder are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 31 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.31), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the uniformly mixed mixture into 100 parts of fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
4) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Example 6
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) preparation of a compound excitant with a preparation modulus of 1.1: weighing 100 parts of water glass for preparing the composite exciting agent with the modulus of 1.1, weighing 14.18 parts of sodium hydroxide reagent according to chemical components of the water glass raw material, stirring and adding the sodium hydroxide reagent into the weighed water glass, and uniformly dissolving the sodium hydroxide reagent to obtain the composite exciting agent with the modulus of 1.1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite exciting agent is 20 percent, the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite exciting agent are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.70 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.41, the Ca/Si molar ratio is 0.89, and 100 parts of the fly ash and the slag powder are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 33 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.33), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the mixture into 100 parts of uniformly mixed fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
4) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Example 7
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) preparing a composite exciting agent with the modulus of 1.3 and controlling the composition of raw materials according to the example 1;
2) weighing 28 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.28), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the uniformly mixed mixture into 100 parts of fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
3) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Example 8
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) preparing a composite exciting agent with the modulus of 1.3 and controlling the composition of raw materials according to the example 1;
2) weighing 34 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.34), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the uniformly mixed fly ash and slag powder gelling components in 100 parts;
3) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Example 9
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) preparing a composite exciting agent with the modulus of 1.3 and controlling the composition of raw materials according to the example 1;
2) weighing 30 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.30), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the uniformly mixed mixture into 100 parts of fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
3) stirring and molding are carried out according to the embodiment 1, then the test mold is placed under the conditions of temperature of 20 ℃ and relative humidity of 90% for curing for 48h, then demolding is carried out, and the test piece is cured to the age under the conditions of temperature of 20 ℃ and relative humidity of 60% to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite based geopolymer gelled material.
Example 10
The fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material is prepared by the following steps:
1) preparing a composite exciting agent with the modulus of 1.3 and controlling the composition of raw materials according to the example 1;
2) weighing 30 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.30), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the uniformly mixed mixture into 100 parts of fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
3) stirring and molding are carried out according to the embodiment 1, then the test mold is placed under the conditions of the temperature of 40 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90 percent and is maintained for 24 hours, then the mold is demolded, and the test piece is maintained to be aged under the conditions of the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60 percent, so that the fly ash-slag powder composite based geopolymer gelled material is obtained.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite exciting agent is 20 percent, the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite exciting agent are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.92 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.48, the Ca/Si molar ratio is 1.05, and 100 parts of the fly ash and the slag powder are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 33 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.33), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the mixture into 100 parts of uniformly mixed fly ash and slag powder gelling components;
4) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Comparative example 2
Preparing a fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite exciting agent is 50 percent, the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite exciting agent are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 3.82 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.53, the Ca/Si molar ratio is 0.63, and 100 parts of the fly ash and the slag powder are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 39 parts of mixing water (the water-to-gel ratio is 0.39), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the uniformly mixed fly ash and slag powder gelling components in 100 parts;
4) stirring and forming and test piece maintenance are carried out according to the example 1 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material.
Comparative example 3
The comparative test of the leachable heavy metal of the raw material when producing and preparing the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) taking the fly ash and slag powder cementing material components and the composite excitant components in the geopolymer cementing materials produced and prepared in the examples 1, 7 to 10 as comparison samples, weighing 80 parts of fly ash and slag powder cementing components and 20 parts of composite excitant components, and placing the fly ash and slag powder cementing components in a 2L extraction bottle;
3) calculating the volume of the required extractant according to the mass ratio of the volume of the extractant to the gelled material component and the composite excitant component of 10:1(L/kg), uniformly mixing 20 parts of the composite excitant component and the required extractant, and adding the mixture into a 2L extraction bottle;
4) the project detection of leachable heavy metals is carried out according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry Standard "sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity of solid wastes" HJ/T299-2007, and the detection results are shown in Table 4.
Comparative example 4
Comparative test of leachable heavy metals in raw materials during production and preparation of fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material
1) A composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) taking the fly ash and slag powder cementing material component and the composite activator component in the geopolymer cementing material prepared in the example 2 as comparison samples, weighing 80 parts of fly ash and slag powder cementing component and 20 parts of composite activator component, and placing the fly ash and slag powder cementing component in a 2L extraction bottle;
3) calculating the volume of the required extractant according to the mass ratio of the volume of the extractant to the gelled material component and the composite excitant component of 10:1(L/kg), uniformly mixing 20 parts of the composite excitant component and the required extractant, and adding the mixture into a 2L extraction bottle;
4) the project detection of leachable heavy metals is carried out according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry Standard "sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity of solid wastes" HJ/T299-2007, and the detection results are shown in Table 4.
Comparative example 5
The comparative test of the leachable heavy metal of the raw material when producing and preparing the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) taking the fly ash and slag powder cementing material component and the composite activator component in the geopolymer cementing material prepared in the example 3 as comparison samples, weighing 65 parts of fly ash and slag powder cementing component and 35 parts of composite activator component, and placing the fly ash and slag powder cementing component in a 2L extraction bottle;
3) calculating the volume of the required extractant according to the mass ratio of the volume of the extractant to the gelled material component and the composite excitant component of 10:1(L/kg), uniformly mixing 35 parts of the composite excitant component and the required extractant, and adding the mixture into a 2L extraction bottle;
4) the project detection of leachable heavy metals is carried out according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry Standard "sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity of solid wastes" HJ/T299-2007, and the detection results are shown in Table 4.
Comparative example 6
The comparative test of the leachable heavy metal of the raw material when producing and preparing the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) taking the fly ash and slag powder cementing material component and the composite activator component in the geopolymer cementing material prepared in the example 4 as comparison samples, weighing 86 parts of fly ash and slag powder cementing component and 14 parts of composite activator component, and placing the fly ash and slag powder cementing component in a 2L extraction bottle;
3) calculating the volume of the required extractant according to the mass ratio of the volume of the extractant to the gelled material component and the composite activator component of 10:1(L/kg), uniformly mixing 14 parts of the composite activator component and the required extractant, and adding the mixture into a 2L extraction bottle;
4) the project detection of leachable heavy metals is carried out according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry Standard "sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity of solid wastes" HJ/T299-2007, and the detection results are shown in Table 4.
Comparative example 7
The comparative test of the leachable heavy metal of the raw material when producing and preparing the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material:
1) a compound activator with a modulus of 1.5 is prepared according to example 5;
2) taking the fly ash and slag powder cementing material component and the composite activator component in the geopolymer cementing material prepared in the example 5 as comparison samples, weighing 80 parts of fly ash and slag powder cementing component and 20 parts of composite activator component, and placing the fly ash and slag powder cementing component in a 2L extraction bottle;
3) calculating the volume of the required extractant according to the mass ratio of the volume of the extractant to the gelled material component and the composite excitant component of 10:1(L/kg), uniformly mixing 20 parts of the composite excitant component and the required extractant, and adding the mixture into a 2L extraction bottle;
4) the project detection of leachable heavy metals is carried out according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry Standard "sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity of solid wastes" HJ/T299-2007, and the detection results are shown in Table 4.
Comparative example 8
The comparative test of the leachable heavy metal of the raw material when producing and preparing the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material:
1) a composite activator with a modulus of 1.1 was prepared according to example 6;
2) taking the fly ash and slag powder cementing material component and the composite activator component in the geopolymer cementing material prepared in the example 6 as comparison samples, weighing 80 parts of fly ash and slag powder cementing component and 20 parts of composite activator component, and placing the fly ash and slag powder cementing component in a 2L extraction bottle;
3) calculating the volume of the required extractant according to the mass ratio of the volume of the extractant to the gelled material component and the composite excitant component of 10:1(L/kg), uniformly mixing 20 parts of the composite excitant component and the required extractant, and adding the mixture into a 2L extraction bottle;
4) the project detection of leachable heavy metals is carried out according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry Standard "sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity of solid wastes" HJ/T299-2007, and the detection results are shown in Table 4.
Comparative example 9 below is a comparative test of the effect of the composite activator on the leachable heavy metals in the raw materials in the preparation of geopolymer gelled materials, and also can illustrate the stable curing effect of the geopolymer gelled materials on the heavy metals in the raw materials.
Comparative example 9
In the production and preparation of the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material, the contrast test of the influence of the composite excitant comprises the following steps:
1) under the condition that the composite exciting agent is not weighed, taking the compositions of fly ash and slag powder gelled components in the geopolymer gelled materials produced and prepared in the examples 1, 3 to 10 as comparison samples, weighing 100 parts of fly ash and slag powder gelled components, and placing the fly ash and slag powder gelled components in a 2L extraction bottle;
2) adding an extracting agent according to the liquid-solid ratio of 10:1 (L/kg);
3) the project detection of leachable heavy metals is carried out according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry Standard "sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity of solid wastes" HJ/T299-2007, and the detection results are shown in Table 4.
Detecting the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer gelled material:
the extractable heavy metal item detection of the test piece 14d was performed on the fly ash-slag powder composite based geopolymer gelled material produced and prepared in examples 1 to 10 according to the environmental protection industry standard "solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method sulfuric acid-nitric acid method" HJ/T299-containing 2007, and the detection results are shown in table 4.
Table 4 production of leachable heavy metals for the preparation of fly ash-slag powder composite based geopolymer cementitious materials
Comparing the results of comparative example 3, comparative example 5 to comparative example 8 and comparative example 9 in table 4, and combining the data analysis of table 3, it can be known that although the leachable heavy metals of nickel, manganese, copper and chromium in the industrial water glass raw material are far higher than those in the fly ash, the addition of the composite activator can stabilize the heavy metals in the raw material from two aspects, which shows that the fly ash-slag powder composite matrix polymer gelled material can realize the stable solidification treatment of the heavy metals in the fly ash. The two aspects include: firstly, the change of acid environment conditions is caused when the leachable heavy metal project is detected, and secondly, after the compound excitant is added into the gelling component, transitional substances of the geopolymer material are preliminarily formed in the detection process of the leachable heavy metal project.
Through the analysis of the examples 1 to 10 and the comparative examples 3 to 8 in the table 4 and the analysis of the influence of the leachable heavy metals of nickel, manganese, copper and chromium in the industrial water glass in the table 3, it can be known that the fly ash-slag powder composite based geopolymer cementing material prepared by production can stably solidify the heavy metal elements in the fly ash, so that the leachable heavy metals can meet the limit requirements of the cement clinker in the national standard 'technical specification for cement kiln co-disposal solid waste' GB 30760-2014.
The fluidity, setting time, stability and strength performance of the fly ash-slag powder composite-based geopolymer gelled materials prepared in the examples 1-10 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 are detected according to the national standard GB/T2419 & 2005, the cement standard consistency water consumption, setting time and stability detection method GB/T1346 & 2011 and the cement mortar strength detection method ISO method GB/T17671 & 1999, and the detection results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 Properties of fly ash-slag powder composite based geopolymer cement
In the following examples, the performance and leachable heavy metals of the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar produced and prepared are detected and evaluated by respectively controlling the glue-sand ratio preparation parameters and the additive.
Example 11
Production and preparation of fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite activator is 20 percent, 100.0 parts of fly ash, slag powder and the composite activator are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.70 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.36, the Ca/Si molar ratio of 0.89, 97.6 parts of sand (the sand-rubber ratio of 0.82) are weighed, and the weighed fly ash, slag powder and sand are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 32.0 parts of mixing water (the water-material ratio is 0.18), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and then adding the mixture into the uniformly mixed fly ash, slag powder and sand;
4) stirring treatment: stirring for 10min by using a forced stirrer to obtain a fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar mixture;
5) and (3) forming and maintaining the test piece: and (3) filling the prepared fly ash-slag powder composite base matrix polymer mortar mixture into a test mold, manually inserting and tamping for molding, standing the test mold at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 24 hours, then removing the mold, and curing the test piece to the age under the conditions that the temperature is 20 ℃ and the relative humidity is 60% to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base matrix polymer mortar.
Example 12
Production and preparation of fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite activator is 20 percent, 100.0 parts of fly ash, slag powder and the composite activator are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.70 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.36, the Ca/Si molar ratio of 0.89 is weighed, 43.0 parts of sand (the sand-rubber ratio is 1.86) is weighed, and the weighed fly ash, slag powder and sand are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 27.1 parts of mixing water (the water-material ratio is 0.22), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the mixture into the uniformly mixed fly ash, slag powder and sand;
4) stirring treatment and test piece molding maintenance are carried out according to the example 11 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar.
Example 13
Production and preparation of fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite activator is 20 percent, 100.0 parts of fly ash, slag powder and the composite activator are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.70 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.36, the Ca/Si molar ratio of 0.89 is weighed, 43.0 parts of sand (the mortar ratio is 1.86) is weighed, and finally 0.24 part of FOX-8H polycarboxylic acid water reducer of Suzhou Fuke novel building materials Co., Ltd is weighed, and the weighed fly ash, slag powder, sand and polycarboxylic acid water reducer are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 24.6 parts of mixing water (the water-material ratio is 0.20), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and then adding the mixture into the uniformly mixed fly ash, slag powder, sand and the like;
4) stirring treatment and test piece molding maintenance are carried out according to the example 11 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar.
Comparative example 10 below is a comparative test of the preparation parameters of the mortar for preparing the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer and leachable heavy metals with respect to the mortar preparation parameters of the mortar.
Comparative example 10
Preparing fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar:
1) a composite activator having a modulus of 1.3 was prepared according to example 1;
2) controlling raw materials: the mixing amount of the composite activator is 20 percent, 100.0 parts of fly ash, slag powder and the composite activator are weighed according to the Si/Al molar ratio of 2.70 and the Na/Si molar ratio of 0.36, the Ca/Si molar ratio of 0.89, 242.4 parts of sand (the sand-rubber ratio of 0.33) are weighed, and the weighed fly ash, slag powder and sand are stirred and mixed uniformly;
3) weighing 54.8 parts of mixing water (the water-material ratio is 0.17), uniformly mixing the composite activator and the mixing water, and adding the mixture into the uniformly mixed fly ash, slag powder and sand;
4) stirring treatment and test piece molding maintenance are carried out according to the example 11 to obtain the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar.
Detecting the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar:
the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortars produced and prepared in examples 11 to 13 and comparative example 10 were tested for water retention, 1h consistency loss, setting time, shrinkage of 28d and 56d, compressive strength and freezing resistance according to the specifications of the national standard "ready-mixed mortar" GB/T25181-2010, and the test results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 Properties of fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer mortar produced
From the detection results in table 6, it can be seen that the water retention rate, the 28d shrinkage rate, the compressive strength, the freezing resistance and the like of the fly ash-slag powder composite basic polymer mortar prepared in examples 11 to 13 meet the requirements of the plastering mortar with the thickness of more than M10 in the national standard premixed mortar GB/T25181-.
The leachable heavy metal project detection of the test piece 28d is carried out according to the regulations of the environmental protection industry standard of the solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method sulfuric acid-nitric acid method HJ/T299-2007 (the detection result is shown in Table 7), and according to the detection result, the leachable heavy metal of the fly ash-slag powder composite basic geopolymer mortar produced and prepared completely meets the limit value requirement of the national standard of the cement kiln co-disposal solid waste technical specification GB 30760-2014 on cement clinker, so that the leachable heavy metal of the fly ash-slag powder composite basic geopolymer mortar produced and prepared can completely meet the requirement when the fly ash-slag powder composite basic polymer mortar is applied, and the fly ash-slag powder composite basic geopolymer mortar is shown to effectively and stably solidify the heavy metal elements in the fly ash.
The preparation parameters such as the composition of active ingredient elements of the material, the parameters of an exciting agent, the water consumption, the curing temperature, the glue-sand ratio and the like are respectively and effectively controlled to prepare the fly ash-slag powder composite base geopolymer cementing material and the fly ash-slag powder composite base polymer mortar, and the physical and mechanical properties and leachable heavy metals of the fly ash-slag powder composite base polymer cementing material are detected and evaluated, so that the requirements of stable curing of the heavy metals in the fly ash and the resource utilization of the fly ash are met, and the treatment and resource utilization of the fly ash are realized by the geopolymer treatment technology.
TABLE 7 production of leachable heavy metals for preparation of fly ash-slag powder composite based geopolymer mortar
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A method of preparing a geopolymer cement, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the fly ash to pre-treat the fly ash to ensure that the water content is not more than 1 percent, the sifting residue mass fraction of a 45-micron square-hole sieve is not more than 20 percent or the specific surface area is not less than 300m2/kg；
Step two: uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite activator pretreated in the first step by taking the molar ratio of Si/Al of 2.60-3.35, the molar ratio of Na/Si of 0.30-0.50 and the molar ratio of Ca/Si of not more than 0.95;
step three: adding mixing water, and fully stirring to obtain a clear slurry mixture, wherein the ratio of the mass of the mixing water to the total mass of the fly ash and the slag powder is 0.20-0.40;
step four: putting the clean slurry mixture into a mold, curing for 12 to 72 hours at the temperature of between 20 and 80 ℃ and at the relative humidity of between 50 and 95 percent, and then demolding;
step five: and curing the demoulded test piece at the temperature of 20-60 ℃ and the relative humidity of 50-95% to obtain the geopolymer cementing material.
2. A method of preparing geopolymer cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite activator is a mixture of sodium carbonate and/or sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, the modulus of the composite activator, namely the ratio of the mole number of silicon dioxide to the mole number of sodium oxide, is 1.0-1.6, and the mixing amount of the composite activator is 5-40% of the total mass of the fly ash and the slag powder.
3. A method of preparing geopolymer cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fly ash is a residue collected in a flue gas purification system and a heat recovery utilization system in the household garbage incineration treatment, the mass fraction of calcium oxide in the fly ash is not less than 15%, the mass fraction of silicon dioxide is not less than 5%, and the mass fraction of aluminum oxide is not less than 2%.
4. A method of preparing geopolymer cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the prepared geopolymer cementing material has a stable solidification effect on heavy metal elements including lead, zinc, nickel, manganese, copper and chromium in fly ash.
5. A method of preparing a geopolymer mortar, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the fly ash to pre-treat the fly ash to ensure that the water content is not more than 1 percent, the sifting residue mass fraction of a 45-micron square-hole sieve is not more than 20 percent or the specific surface area is not less than 300m2/kg；
Step two: uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag powder and the composite excitant pretreated in the step one by taking the molar ratio of Si/Al to 0.60-3.35, the molar ratio of Na/Si to 0.30-0.50 and the molar ratio of Ca/Si to not more than 0.95, adding fine aggregate according to the mass ratio of the sum of the mass of the fly ash and the mass of the slag powder to the mass of the fine aggregate to uniformly mix;
step three: and adding mixing water, and fully stirring to obtain the geopolymer mortar, wherein the ratio of the mass of the mixing water to the total mass of the fly ash, the slag powder and the fine aggregate is 0.10-0.35.
6. Method for preparing a geopolymer mortar according to claim 5, characterized in that: the composite activator is a mixture of sodium carbonate and/or sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, the modulus of the composite activator, namely the ratio of the mole number of silicon dioxide to the mole number of sodium oxide, is 1.0-1.6, and the mixing amount of the composite activator is 5-40% of the total mass of the fly ash and the slag powder.
7. Method for preparing a geopolymer mortar according to claim 5, characterized in that: the fly ash is a residue collected in a flue gas purification system and a heat recovery utilization system in the household garbage incineration treatment, the mass fraction of calcium oxide in the fly ash is not less than 15%, the mass fraction of silicon dioxide is not less than 5%, and the mass fraction of aluminum oxide is not less than 2%.
8. Method for preparing a geopolymer mortar according to claim 5, characterized in that: the prepared geopolymer mortar has a stable curing effect on heavy metal elements in fly ash, such as lead, zinc, nickel, manganese, copper and chromium.
9. Method for preparing a geopolymer mortar according to claim 5, characterized in that: when the geopolymer mortar is applied, the curing time is not less than 14 days.
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| CN111662024A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-15 | 郑州大学 | Geopolymer mortar based on fly ash and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114988769A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-02 | 中国矿业大学 | High-strength geopolymer plugging filling material based on waste incineration bottom ash and preparation method thereof |
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