CN108620689A - A kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method - Google Patents

A kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108620689A
CN108620689A CN201711467683.1A CN201711467683A CN108620689A CN 108620689 A CN108620689 A CN 108620689A CN 201711467683 A CN201711467683 A CN 201711467683A CN 108620689 A CN108620689 A CN 108620689A
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China
Prior art keywords
cutter
gear
parameter
processing
numerical control
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CN201711467683.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
洪荣晶
刘晟
孙小敏
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NANJING GONGDA CNC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Nanjing Tech University
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NANJING GONGDA CNC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Nanjing Tech University
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Priority to CN201711467683.1A priority Critical patent/CN108620689A/en
Publication of CN108620689A publication Critical patent/CN108620689A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23FMAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F9/00Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction
    • B23F9/08Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23FMAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F19/00Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F19/002Modifying the theoretical tooth flank form, e.g. crowning

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing methods, include the following steps:Set lathe parameter, gear parameter, cutter parameters, machined parameters;According to input Parameter Calculation rest parameter;Numerical simulation is carried out to processing tooth form with parameters obtained is calculated according to input;By basic parameter input digital control system, numerical control code is automatically generated, operation numerical control program realizes scraping teeth processing.The present invention directly inputs lathe parameter, gear parameter, cutter parameters, machined parameters by the digital control system man-machine interface of secondary development, realize that numerical control program is worked out automatically directly on lathe, CNC System from Siemens electronic gearbox application of function is processed in scraping teeth, numerical control program is directly run in digital control system completes scraping teeth processing, the step of removing establishment or program of file copy from, it can effectively improve scraping teeth processing efficiency and ensure processing quality, there is positive effect for promoting scraping teeth processing.

Description

A kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to automate scraping teeth processing technique field, and in particular to a kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming adds Work method.
Background technology
As gear cutting technology is towards high-precision, efficient direction is developed, and traditional gear hobbing, gear shaping, mill teeth are more next It is more difficult to meet the requirement of production and processing.A kind of novel gear machining technology-strength scraping teeth, has gradually entered into regarding for people It is wild.The processing of numerical control strong scraping teeth is that a kind of completely new cutting processing different from conventional gears processing methods such as gear hobbing gear shapings is general It reads, scraping teeth is alternatively referred to as skiving, cuts tooth etc. to pieces, has many advantages, such as high precision machining, tool life is good and good in economic efficiency, especially Its process it is non-through, without escape internal gear in terms of have unrivaled advantage.Scraping teeth machining prgraming, which has, at present takes Long, error-prone, processing quality is difficult to ensure and the shortcomings that the problem high to operating personnel's skill set requirements, still lacks effective solution Certainly scheme hinders the further Developing Extension of scraping teeth processing.
Currently, application of the automatic Programming Technology in Gear Processing is further extensive, particularly with gear hobbing, gear shaping, roll flute etc. The application of gear working method has been mature on the whole.The CIMS research institutes independent research of HeFei University of Technology has gone out suitable for normal The Gear Processing special-purpose numerical control system for advising gear working method, such as mill teeth digital control system STAR-2000E, gear shaping digital control system SATR-920E and gear hobbing digital control system STAR-930E etc..These systems have realized that input critical processing parameters automatically generate number Control the function of program.University Of Chongqing proposes a kind of zero_time holding gear gear hobbing processing method, by SINUMERIK digital control systems two Secondary exploitation realizes man-machine interface input parameter and automatically generates numerical control program.But it is few about this emerging gear at present The research and application of the automatic programming method of processing method-strength scraping teeth processing.
SINUMERIK 840Dsl digital control systems are a opening of Siemens Company's exploitation, flexible, powerful high-end number Machine tool system is controlled, by powerful numerical control performance and unique flexibility and opening, receives more and more machines The favor of bed manufacturer.However the application of most of CNC System from Siemens is limited only to its standard digital control system at present, does not have Play its opening completely, can secondary development the characteristics of, also cannot be satisfied the individual demand of complicated processing.
Invention content
To solve Gear Processing programming of the existing technology, time-consuming, error-prone, quality is difficult to ensure and operates hardly possible Defect, the present invention provides a kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method, includes the following steps:
(1) arrange parameter
In arrange parameter module, including lathe parameter setting, gear parameter setting, cutter parameters setting and machined parameters are set It sets, parameter setting is selected as operation record, or the reference record that addition is new;
(2) numerical simulation
According to the parameter of input, numerical simulation is carried out, processing tooth form is drawn out;
(3) processing mathematical model is brought into
S1. key point is calculated
For key point 1 (0,0, Z1)
Z1=b+h+ δ
B is gear blank thickness, mn in formula2For cutter normal module, z2 is the cutter number of teeth, and β 2 is cutter helical angle, and Σ is knife Has setting angle;
For 2 (X of key point2,0,Z2)
Z2=Z1
A is centre-to-centre spacing when cutter is engaged with gear blank in formula, and η is the current feed cutting-in ratio of cutter, and z1 is the workpiece number of teeth, Da is addendum circle diameter of gear, and df is root diameter of gear, mn1For gear normal module, β 1 is gear helical angle, due to knife Tool transforms into rotation relationship with gear blank, so mn1=mn2
For 3 (X of key point3,0,Z3)
X3=X2
For key point 4 (0,0, Z4)
Z4=Z3
S2. cutter and workpiece motion s relationship are calculated
Strength numerical control scraping teeth cutter has with gear blank transforms into rotary motion and two self-movement of workpiece axial feed motion ginseng Number;Under the premise of negligible axial is fed, the rotation relationship that transforms into of gear blank and cutter is
ω in formula1For gear blank rotating speed, ω2For cutter rotating speed;
To ensure that the processing flank of tooth is the spiral involute flank of tooth, gear blank needs to increase additional rotation, angular speed variation delta ω is
V in formula0For axial feed, P is gear helix parameter;
The movement relation for obtaining gear blank and cutter at this time is
Cutter rotates in same direction with gear blank when processing internal tooth;When processing external tooth, cutter is rotated backward with gear blank;When gear blank turns to It is identical as hand of helix to take positive sign, take negative sign when gear blank steering is opposite with hand of helix;
(4) NC programs are generated
Each axis offset parameter is determined by lathe parameter, remaining gear parameter is determined by input gear basic parameter, by gear Parameter and cutter parameters bring calculated four key points for going to track of processing model into, are transported by machined parameters and cutter gear blank Dynamic mathematical model determines cutter, workpiece rotational frequency, coarse-fine cuts the amount of feeding and feed number;
It is generated by electronic gearbox application of function in strength scraping teeth numerical control program according to the programming requirement of digital control system Scraping teeth processes numerical control program;
The numerical control program for checking generation on a display screen is checked by operating personnel, selection, which is changed or is saved into system, to be added Work.
Wherein, it using the C++ and Qt interfaces of Siemens's secondary development bag offer, will be embedded in using the software of this processing method Parametrization numerical programming program is realized in Siemens's 840dsl digital control systems.
In addition, lathe parameter includes lathe model, each axis offset parameter of lathe;
Gear parameter includes gear title, gear-type, normal module, the number of teeth, normal pitch pressure angle, helical angle, height of teeth top Coefficient, tip clearance coefficient, modification coefficient;
Cutter parameters include cutter title, cutter module, the cutter number of teeth, cutter helical angle, Cutting tool installation manner angle, cutter displacement Coefficient, cutter front (top) rake angle, cutter primary clearance;
Machined parameters include that technique single-character given name claims, feed number, the speed of mainshaft, workpiece rotational frequency, slightly cuts the amount of feeding, fine cut feeding Amount, every knife cutting-in, total cutting-in, process time;
Cutter and gear parameter are arranged, cutter module must be equal with module to be processed;Cutting tool installation manner angle Σ needs to meet
Σ=| β1±β2|
β 1 is workpiece helical angle in formula, and β 2 is cutter helical angle;When processing external tooth, when workpiece and cutter hand of helix phase Plus sige is used simultaneously, conversely, using minus sign;When processing internal tooth, plus sige is used when workpiece is opposite with cutter hand of helix, instead It, uses minus sign.
The present invention has the following advantages and benefit:
(1) basic lathe parameter, gear parameter are inputted in the man-machine interface of secondary development, cutter parameters are joined with processing Number automatically generates strength scraping teeth processing program, realizes parametrization establishment strength scraping teeth processing program, shortens scraping teeth machining prgraming Time reduces its work difficulty;
(2) generated nc program can be directly run in Siemens's 840dsl digital control systems, carried out strength and scraped Tooth is processed, more convenient, quick.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that strength scraping teeth processes internal tooth feed schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention generates numerical control program flow chart.
Fig. 3 is numerical control strong scraping teeth automatic programming system functional block diagram.
In figure:1,2,3,4 be feed key point, and 5 be cutter, and 6 be gear ring.
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Fig. 3, present example utilizes CNC System from Siemens secondary developing platform, and one kind is based on The automatic programming system insertion Siemens 840dsl digital control systems of SINUMERIK840Dsl digital control systems, have user management, Machine management, data base administration, parameter management, task menu manager, simulation management function, program control is automatic raw through the invention Numerical control program is processed at scraping teeth.
The present invention provides a kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method, and this approach includes the following steps:
(1) enter software
The present invention utilizes SINUMERIK 840Dsl secondary developing platforms, and secondary open is carried out to standard HMI by Qt and C++ Hair realizes and is applicable in numerical control strong scraping teeth automatic programming software, software entrance is located at the 6th horizontal soft key of standard operation panel;
(2) basic parameter parameter is set
From second soft key " lathe " of software main interface, interface is set into lathe parameter;From main interface third soft key " database " enters cutter and workpiece setting interface;Enter machined parameters by the 4th soft key " scraping teeth " and interface is set;If wishing Operation record is selected, enters operation record selection interface, selection load processing history parameter from the 5th soft key " operation record ";
1) lathe parameter is set, the biasing of setting X, Y, Z, A, C axis is included;
2) be arranged gear parameter, including gear title, gear-type, normal module, the number of teeth, normal pitch pressure angle, helical angle, Addendum coefficient, tip clearance coefficient, modification coefficient;
3) be arranged cutter parameters, including cutter title, cutter module, the cutter number of teeth, cutter helical angle, Cutting tool installation manner angle, Cutter modification coefficient, cutter front (top) rake angle, cutter primary clearance;
4) be arranged machined parameters, including technique single-character given name claims, feed number, the speed of mainshaft, workpiece rotational frequency, slightly cut the amount of feeding, The fine cut amount of feeding, every knife cutting-in, total cutting-in, process time;
(2) numerical simulation
According to the parameter of input, numerical simulation is carried out, processing tooth form is drawn out;
(3) basic parameter is substituted into processing mathematical model, calculates feed key point and workpiece and tool motion relationship
(4) key point is calculated
1) for key point 1 (0,0, Z1)
Z1=b+h+ δ
B is gear blank thickness, mn in formula2For cutter normal module, z2For the cutter number of teeth, β2For cutter helical angle, Σ is cutter Setting angle;
For 2 (X of key point2,0,Z2)
Z2=Z1
A is centre-to-centre spacing when cutter is engaged with gear blank in formula, and η is the current feed cutting-in ratio of cutter, and z1 is the workpiece number of teeth, Da is addendum circle diameter of gear, and df is root diameter of gear, mn1For gear normal module, β 1 is gear helical angle.Due to knife Tool transforms into rotation relationship with gear blank, so mn1=mn2
For 3 (X of key3,0,Z3)
X3=X2
For key point 4 (0,0, Z4)
Z4=Z3
2) cutter and workpiece motion s relationship are calculated
Strength numerical control scraping teeth cutter has with gear blank transforms into rotary motion and two self-movement of workpiece axial feed motion ginseng Number.Under the premise of negligible axial is fed, the rotation relationship that transforms into of gear blank and cutter is
ω in formula1For gear blank rotating speed, ω2For cutter rotating speed;To ensure that the processing flank of tooth is the spiral involute flank of tooth, gear blank needs Increase additional rotation, angular speed variation delta ω is
V in formula0For axial feed, P is gear helix parameter;
The movement relation for obtaining gear blank and cutter at this time is
Cutter rotates in same direction with gear blank when processing internal tooth;When processing external tooth, cutter is rotated backward with gear blank;When gear blank turns to It is identical as hand of helix to take positive sign, take negative sign when gear blank steering is opposite with hand of helix;
(5) nc program is generated
Each axis offset parameter is determined by lathe parameter, remaining gear parameter is determined by input gear basic parameter, by gear Parameter and cutter parameters bring calculated four key points for going to track of processing model into, are transported by machined parameters and cutter gear blank Dynamic mathematical model determines cutter, workpiece rotational frequency, coarse-fine cuts the amount of feeding and feed number etc..According to the programming of CNC System from Siemens It is required that by electronic gearbox application of function in strength scraping teeth numerical control program, generates scraping teeth and process numerical control program;
The numerical control program for checking generation on a display screen is checked by operating personnel, selection, which is changed or is saved into system, to be added Work.Above step flow chart is as shown in Fig. 2.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the present invention Protection domain.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) arrange parameter
In arrange parameter module, including lathe parameter setting, gear parameter setting, cutter parameters setting and machined parameters setting, Parameter setting is selected as operation record, or the reference record that addition is new;
(2) numerical simulation
According to the parameter of input, numerical simulation is carried out, processing tooth form is drawn out;
(3) processing mathematical model is brought into
S1. key point is calculated
For key point 1 (0,0, Z1)
Z1=b+h+ δ
B is gear blank thickness, mn in formula2For cutter normal module, z2 is the cutter number of teeth, and β 2 is cutter helical angle, and Σ is Cutting tool installation manner Angle;
For 2 (X of key point2,0,Z2)
Z2=Z1
A is centre-to-centre spacing when cutter is engaged with gear blank in formula, and η is the current feed cutting-in ratio of cutter, and z1 is the workpiece number of teeth, and da is tooth Tip diameter is taken turns, df is root diameter of gear, mn1For gear normal module, β 1 is gear helical angle, due to cutter and tooth Base transforms into rotation relationship, so mn1=mn2
For 3 (X of key point3,0,Z3)
X3=X2
For key point 4 (0,0, Z4)
Z4=Z3
S2. cutter and workpiece motion s relationship are calculated
Strength numerical control scraping teeth cutter has with gear blank transforms into rotary motion and two self-movement parameter of workpiece axial feed motion;Suddenly Slightly under the premise of axial feed, the rotation relationship that transforms into of gear blank and cutter is
ω in formula1For gear blank rotating speed, ω2For cutter rotating speed;
To ensure that the processing flank of tooth is the spiral involute flank of tooth, gear blank needs to increase additional rotation, and angular speed variation delta ω is
V in formula0For axial feed, P is gear helix parameter;
The movement relation for obtaining gear blank and cutter at this time is
Cutter rotates in same direction with gear blank when processing internal tooth;When processing external tooth, cutter is rotated backward with gear blank;When gear blank steering and spiral shell Spin line direction is identical to take positive sign, and negative sign is taken when gear blank steering is opposite with hand of helix;
(4) NC programs are generated
Each axis offset parameter is determined by lathe parameter, remaining gear parameter is determined by input gear basic parameter, by gear parameter Calculated four key points for going to track of processing model are brought into cutter parameters, and number is moved by machined parameters and cutter gear blank Model is learned to determine cutter, workpiece rotational frequency, coarse-fine cut the amount of feeding and feed number;
According to the programming requirement of digital control system scraping teeth is generated by electronic gearbox application of function in strength scraping teeth numerical control program Process numerical control program;
Check that the numerical control program for checking generation on a display screen, selection are changed or are saved into system and be processed by operating personnel.
2. numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that utilize Siemens The C++ that secondary development bag provides and Qt interfaces will be embedded in Siemens's 840dsl digital control systems using the software of this processing method Upper realization parameterizes numerical programming program.
3. numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that lathe parameter packet Include each axis offset parameter of lathe model, lathe;
Gear parameter include gear title, gear-type, normal module, the number of teeth, normal pitch pressure angle, helical angle, addendum coefficient, Tip clearance coefficient, modification coefficient;
Cutter parameters include cutter title, cutter module, the cutter number of teeth, cutter helical angle, Cutting tool installation manner angle, cutter displacement system Number, cutter front (top) rake angle, cutter primary clearance;
Machined parameters include technique single-character given name claim, feed number, the speed of mainshaft, workpiece rotational frequency, slightly cut the amount of feeding, the fine cut amount of feeding, Per knife cutting-in, total cutting-in, process time;
Cutter and gear parameter are arranged, cutter module must be equal with module to be processed;Cutting tool installation manner angle Σ is needed Meet
Σ=| β1±β2|
β 1 is workpiece helical angle in formula, and β 2 is cutter helical angle;When processing external tooth, when workpiece is identical as cutter hand of helix Using plus sige, conversely, using minus sign;When processing internal tooth, plus sige is used when workpiece is opposite with cutter hand of helix, conversely, Use minus sign.
CN201711467683.1A 2017-12-29 2017-12-29 A kind of numerical control strong scraping teeth parametric programming processing method Pending CN108620689A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110000431A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-07-12 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 Coupling gear processing method towards formed gear
CN110465706A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-11-19 西安理工大学 Hardened face gear smart car technique and its skiving devising method of cutting tool
CN110968042A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-04-07 南京工业大学 Numerical control chamfer parametric programming processing method based on motion card
CN112157321A (en) * 2020-08-07 2021-01-01 江苏大学 Design method of powerful gear scraping cutter for large-profile gear
CN112719467A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-30 武汉理工大学 Face gear scraping machining method
CN113242776A (en) * 2018-12-21 2021-08-10 格里森工场 Independent pressure angle correction for power scraping teeth

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113242776A (en) * 2018-12-21 2021-08-10 格里森工场 Independent pressure angle correction for power scraping teeth
CN110000431A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-07-12 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 Coupling gear processing method towards formed gear
CN110000431B (en) * 2019-04-10 2020-10-23 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 Forming gear-oriented paired gear machining method
CN110465706A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-11-19 西安理工大学 Hardened face gear smart car technique and its skiving devising method of cutting tool
CN110968042A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-04-07 南京工业大学 Numerical control chamfer parametric programming processing method based on motion card
CN112157321A (en) * 2020-08-07 2021-01-01 江苏大学 Design method of powerful gear scraping cutter for large-profile gear
CN112157321B (en) * 2020-08-07 2021-09-10 江苏大学 Design method of powerful gear scraping cutter for large-profile gear
CN112719467A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-30 武汉理工大学 Face gear scraping machining method

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Application publication date: 20181009