CN108619868A - Air dehumidifier based on composite micro porous film and dehumidification device - Google Patents
Air dehumidifier based on composite micro porous film and dehumidification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108619868A CN108619868A CN201810832959.XA CN201810832959A CN108619868A CN 108619868 A CN108619868 A CN 108619868A CN 201810832959 A CN201810832959 A CN 201810832959A CN 108619868 A CN108619868 A CN 108619868A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/46—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions
- B64G1/50—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions for temperature control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite micro porous film dehumidifiers, including end, flange, the stage casing shell structure of lengthwise, pillar, connector, cold water entrance runner, air access ports runner, both sides end is the both ends of fixed film wire, it is connected to respectively with cold water entrance runner by connector and flange, so that low-temperature cold water flows into inside film wire, the composite microporous film wire of doughnut of several clusters is accommodated in shell structure and is tightly connected with both sides end, and the pillar being arranged in center axis is support structure, ensure that film wire there are enough mechanical strengths, low-temperature cold water enters inside film wire, and after the air heat-exchange of the high temperature and humidity passed in and out with the air access ports runner being arranged on shell structure side, it is sent into sealed compartment and uses.The present invention not only reduces the temperature and humidity of humid air simultaneously, and capillary force in film layer micropore and steam partial pressure difference it is common it is leading under, realization transmission process of the water vapour to cold water directly can all recycle water vapour valuable in spacecraft module.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to spacecraft environment control fields, and in particular to a kind of air of the spacecraft based on composite micro porous film removes
Wet end part and corresponding system solve the problems, such as that the humidity of air in spacecraft module is accurately controlled, reduce air dewetting power consumption,
Improve reliability.
Background technology
Humidity Control is the importance of manned spacecraft ring control life guarantor's technology, and basic task is carried for spacefarer
For comfortable humidity environment.Spacefarer's a home from home relative humidity requires to be 28%-65%, when relative humidity is less than 25% or high
When 80%, spacefarer's operation on orbit time is no more than 12h.In addition to this, due to narrow space in manned spacecraft cabin, electricity
Sub- equipment is numerous, and spacefarer constantly generates water vapour, when relative humidity is higher, Ke Neng because of the activity such as work and physiological respiration
There is water vapour condensation in the low-temperature surface of below deck equipment, generates moisture condensation, is likely to result in electronic equipment short circuit, electrochemical corrosion etc.
Consequence, or even jeopardize the safety of spacecraft；Higher relative humidity may accelerate the growth and breeding of microorganism, increase space flight
The probability of member's infectious disease.And relative humidity is relatively low may cause electrostatic phenomenon.Therefore to the humidity of air in spacecraft module
It is accurately controlled, and reduces the power consumption of air dewetting as possible, improves reliability, it has also become spacecraft environment control field one
Important technology.
Spacecraft Humidity Control is developed to and has been widely used in from earliest drier, hygroscopic agent and hygroscopic material
Manned spaceship, space shuttle and the condensate dryer of space station.According to activity difference, spacefarer produces moisture in 50-155g/h,
Averagely daily output moisture 1800g.The passive humidity control method such as drier, hygroscopic agent and hygroscopic material has been unable to meet manned space flight
The development need of device.It is more as the development of the active Humidity Control of representative using condensate dryer, on various countries' manned spacecraft
It is used widely, technology maturation, but the air dehumidification method under microgravity, it is by the condensation of humid air and gas-water separation
Process separately carries out, and needs to consume more electric work and has movable machinery, condensed water can not recycle.
Membrane method dehumidifying mainly carries out gas dehumidification using the selective penetrated property of film, and there is dehumidification process to be carried out continuously, without corruption
Erosion problem, without valve transfer, movement-less part, system reliability height, separative efficiency height, easy care, pressure drop is small, energy consumption is small etc.
Advantage using the selectivity and permeability of film, has significant development to the technology that air dehumidifies in recent years.
Chinese patent《Three fluid membrane dehumidifiers and method》(ZLCN201610170275.9) one kind coaxial three is proposed
Fluid membrane dehumidifier, the device are mainly made of membrane tube, metal sleeve and shell three parts, be successively from inside to outside cold water,
Humid air, hot water, in the film Bottomhole pressure of innermost layer, humid air flows cold water in the circular passage between membrane tube and casing,
Hot water flows in the circular passage between casing and shell.Cold water provides lower water partial pressure, the humid air with high-moisture pressure
Between form water vapor partial pressure differential, vapor can be entered under the action of the water vapor partial pressure differential of film both sides by fenestra cold
Water, to achieve the purpose that dehumidifying.This method need to provide low-temperature receiver and heat source simultaneously, and system structure is complicated, and equipment is more.
Using the novel air dehumidification device and technology of membrane material, it is highly suitable for answering in the environmental control system of spacecraft
With with preferable application prospect.The method not only reduces the temperature and humidity of humid air simultaneously, but also in film layer micropore
Capillary force and steam partial pressure difference it is common it is leading under, realization transmission process of the water vapour to cold water, not only it is ingenious overcome it is micro- heavy
The problem of gas-liquid separation under power also directly can all recycle water vapour valuable in spacecraft module.It can be seen that film dehumidifying technology
There are bright prospects in the application of space industry, there is positive realistic meaning.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of air dehumidification method can be used for space flight microgravity environment and
Equipment can be completed at the same time humid air and subtract three kinds of enthalpy dehumidifying, gas-liquid separation and water vapour condensing recovery tasks, meet answering for spacecraft
Use demand.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
The dehumidifier of composite micro porous film of the present invention is the dehumidification process based on " gas-liquid type " hydrophobic composite micro porous film：Its
In, composite micro porous film separates humid air and low-temperature cold water, and low-temperature cold water flows through in the inside pipeline of composite membrane, the wet sky of heat
Gas is flowed through in membrane tube outer surface, and water vapour is condensed into micro- liquid layer in the film surface of low temperature, and micro- liquid layer can only absorb water vapour, effectively
Dry air is prevented to enter film layer；Water in micro- liquid layer quickly enters the micropore in film layer under surface tension effects, in micropore
Liquid water under surface tension, external and internal pressure difference collective effect to film layer seepage flow, after through liquid-vapour phase transition process, with water vapour
Form enter film layer micropore, then to cold water side diffusion under the collective effect of water vapor pressure force gradient and gravity etc., and final
It is taken away by cold water absorption after cold water surface condensation, to subtract enthalpy dehumidifying and gas-liquid separation to Hot wet air heating.
Composite micro porous film dehumidifier, including it is the end of both sides, flange, the stage casing shell structure of lengthwise, pillar, connector, close
Seal, cold water inlet runner, cooling water outlet runner, air intake runner and air outlet slit runner are constituted, and both sides end is to fix
The both ends of composite microporous film wire are connected to cold water inlet runner and cooling water outlet runner by connector and flange, and ensured respectively
It is unobstructed at the entrance and exit of every film wire so that low-temperature cold water smoothly flows into inside film wire, and the stage casing shell structure of lengthwise holds
Receive compact package several lengthwises of both sides end the composite microporous film wire of doughnut and with both sides end be tightly connected, indulge
The pillar being arranged on long middle section structure central axis is support structure, it is ensured that several composite microporous film wires of doughnut have enough
Mechanical strength, low-temperature cold water enter from cold water inlet runner, flow through end and enter inside film wire, are flowed out from cooling entrance channel,
Into cold water circulating system, the position on the stage casing shell structure side of lengthwise respectively close to both sides end is provided with air intake
The air of runner and air outlet slit runner, high temperature and humidity enters from air intake runner, after hollow fiber film thread heat and mass,
The air for reducing temperature and humidity is flowed out from air outlet slit runner, is sent into sealed compartment and is used.
Wherein, hollow fiber film thread is supported by hydrophobic composite micro porous film, and membrane tube inner wall is hydrophobic layer, cold in pipe
Water cannot ensure that water vapour enters after surface condensation in film, membrane tube outer wall under normal or lower pressure to permeating on the outside of pipe
The transmission of inward wall has one-way.
Wherein, hollow fiber film thread is fixed on cluster combining form in the shell of stage casing shell structure, and both ends are tightly fastened
In the end of both sides.
Wherein, hollow fiber film thread is hollow-core construction of the diameter in 1.1mm-1.9mm, and film thickness can be changed at 100 μm -200 μm.
Wherein, the porosity of the microporous barrier of hollow fiber film thread is 50%-80%.
Wherein, flange is provided with sealing ring with joint.
Composite microporous membrane dehumidifier, including composite micro porous film dehumidifier, wind turbine, water pump, radiator, check valve and
Hot wet air heating is sent into composite micro porous film dehumidifier by water collector, wind turbine, and Hot wet air heating flows through composite micro porous film in dehumidifier
Tube bank on the outside of, water vapour is completed to subtract the dehumidification process of enthalpy dehumidification, and indoor environment is reentered after becoming cold dry air；With wet
Air enthalpy heat is continuously added, and the cold water temperature in membrane tube increases, and the water after heating flows through the spoke of spacecraft under water pump pumps
Temperature is reduced after penetrating radiator, to become the cold water inlet runner that low-temperature cold water enters dehumidifier again, cooling water condensation goes out
Water collected by water collector by check valve.
Wherein, when operation, low-temperature cold water and highly humid air are worked with countercurrent flow, and low-temperature cold water is in hollow fiber film thread
Bottomhole pressure, highly humid air plunder the flowing of shell sectional area in shell-side with horizontal, and air side end is directly connected to the reserved flange in air duct
Interface, water side head reserve can water receiving road screw thread mouth, circulation waterway is connected to by hose.
The device of the invention not only reduces the temperature and humidity of humid air simultaneously, and the capillary force in film layer micropore and
Steam partial pressure difference it is common it is leading under, realization transmission process of the water vapour to cold water is not only ingenious to overcome gas-liquid under microgravity
The problem of separation also directly can all recycle water vapour valuable in spacecraft module.It can be air humidity control in the cabin of spacecraft
New technology processed provides good practical basis and experimental basis.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the present invention composite micro porous film air dehumidification method in vapor penetrate hollow fiber film thread signal
Figure, vapor mass transport process includes the convective mass transfer of humid air side, is spread in film and the convective mass transfer of cold water side.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the composite micro porous film dehumidifier of the present invention, and dehumidifier as shown in the figure uses a kind of pipe
Shell type structure, hollow fiber film thread are fixed on cluster combining form in the shell of dehumidifier stage casing lengthwise shell structure, wherein 1,
End, 2, flange, 3, stage casing shell structure, 4, pillar, 5, connector, 6, sealing ring, 7, cold water inlet runner, 8, cooling water outlet stream
Road, 10, air intake runner, 9, air outlet slit runner, hollow fiber film thread does not indicate.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the composite micro porous film dehumidifier system of the present invention, in figure, including composite micro porous film dehumidifying
Device, wind turbine, water pump, radiator, check valve and water collector composition.
Specific implementation mode
The composite micro porous film dehumanization method and device of the present invention are described in detail referring to the drawings, but the description is only
Merely exemplary, it is no intended to any restrictions are carried out to protection scope of the present invention.
Show that vapor penetrates doughnut in the air dehumidification method of the composite micro porous film of the present invention referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1
The schematic diagram of film wire, vapor mass transport process includes the convective mass transfer of humid air side, spread in film and cold water side to spreading
Matter.Wherein, composite membrane separates humid air and low-temperature cold water, and low-temperature cold water is flowed through in the per-meate side of composite membrane, Hot wet air heating
The raw material effluent mistake outside membrane tube, water vapour are condensed into micro- liquid layer in the film surface of low temperature, and micro- liquid layer can only absorb water vapour, effectively
Dry air is prevented to enter film layer；Water of the vapor in micro- liquid layer quickly enters the micropore in film layer under surface tension effects,
Liquid water in micropore is under the collective effects such as surface tension, external and internal pressure difference to per-meate side film layer seepage flow；In feed side with water
The form of steam enters hydrophobic film layer micropore, to infiltration side diffusion under the action of water vapor pressure force gradient, and finally cold
It is taken away by cold water absorption after water surface condensation, to reach the dual purpose for subtracting enthalpy dehumidifying and gas-liquid separation to Hot wet air heating.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the composite micro porous film dehumidifier of the present invention, and composite micro porous film dehumidifier uses a kind of shell-and-tube
Structure, low-temperature cold water and highly humid air are worked with countercurrent flow, wherein composite micro porous film dehumidifier includes the end 1 of both sides, method
Orchid 2, the stage casing shell structure 3 of lengthwise, pillar 4, connector 5, sealing ring 6, cold water inlet runner 7, cooling water outlet runner 8, air
Entrance channel 10 and air outlet slit runner 9 are constituted, and both sides end 1 is the both ends of fixed composite microporous film wire, passes through connector 5 respectively
It is connected to flange 2 with cold water inlet runner 7 and cooling water outlet runner 8, and ensures unobstructed at the entrance and exit of every film wire, made
It obtains low-temperature cold water smoothly to flow into inside film wire, the stage casing shell structure 3 of lengthwise accommodates compact package in the several vertical of both sides end 1
It the composite microporous film wire of long doughnut and is tightly connected with both sides end 1, sets on 3 central axis of lengthwise stage casing shell structure
The pillar 4 set is support structure, it is ensured that film wire has enough mechanical strengths, pillar 4 to play the distance between two ends of support
Effect because film wire be soft no support, the hollow fiber film thread of no intensity, diameter 1.1mm-1.9mm hollow-core construction,
Film thickness can be changed at 100 μm -200 μm.Wherein, for manufacture hollow fiber film thread microporous barrier be on the market or producer it is purchased in market at
Ripe product, such as purchased from Dalian materialization institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Shandong blue skies Dong Xu Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Kang Zeyuan (Tianjin) science and technology
The product of Development Co., Ltd, difference lies in the requirement to performances such as membrane material, membrane tube size, film surface holes, doughnuts
The manufacturing method of film wire can also be manufactured by known solution spinning preparation method.Wherein low-temperature cold water enters from cold water
Mouthful runner 7 enters, and flows through end and enters inside film wire, is flowed out from cooling water outlet runner 8, into cold water circulating system, lengthwise
Position on 3 side of stage casing shell structure respectively close to both sides end is provided with air intake runner 10 and air outlet slit runner 9,
The air of high temperature and humidity enters from air intake runner 10, after hollow fiber film thread heat and mass, reduces temperature and humidity
Air from air outlet slit stream 9 flow out, be sent into sealed compartment in use.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the composite micro porous film dehumidifier system of the present invention, including dehumidifier, wind turbine, water pump, spoke
Penetrate radiator, check valve and water collector.The cold water interface of dehumidifier is connected with cold water circulating system, and cold water is realized using water pump
It circulates, the heat absorbed from high temperature and humidity air is taken away heat to keep cold water temperature by radiator, from high temperature height
The water absorbed in humid air is sent into water collector via check valve and is collected.The air interface of dehumidifier and high temperature and humidity air hose
Road system is connected, and one-way flow of the high temperature and humidity air via dehumidifier is realized by wind turbine.
On the basis of complete design, corresponding experimental study is carried out.It is empty when high temperature and humidity air themperature is at 23 degree
Gas relative humidity changes between 30%-70%, and air intake gauge pressure is 9kPa, air mass flow 76L/min；Cold water inlet temperature
Stablize at 9 DEG C, fluid flow 455mL/min.Due to using countercurrent flow form, when the temperature of air is by entrance
23 DEG C or so be down to 15 DEG C, 17 DEG C of the temperature of air outlet slit is relatively stable, and 9 DEG C when the temperature of cold water is by entrance rise to outlet
When 13 DEG C, the outlet temperature of cold water rises to 13 DEG C by 11 DEG C.The water capacity of gas access is 14g/kg, and the water capacity exported
Stablize in 8g/kg.Using by 100 membrane tubes, surface area 0.1m2When, moisture removal is when entrance relative humidity is 70%
14.16g/h。
Although the detailed description and description of the specific embodiments of the present invention are given above, it should be noted that
We can carry out various equivalent changes and modification to the above embodiment according to the concept of the present invention, and generated function is made
It, should all be within protection scope of the present invention when with the spirit still covered without departing from specification and attached drawing.
Claims (10)
1. composite micro porous film dehumidifier, including the end of both sides, flange, the stage casing shell structure of lengthwise, pillar, connector, sealing
Circle, cold water inlet runner, cooling water outlet runner, air intake runner and air outlet slit runner are constituted, and both sides end is fixed multiple
The both ends for closing micropore film wire, are connected to by connector and flange with cold water inlet runner and cooling water outlet runner respectively, and are ensured every
It is unobstructed at the entrance and exit of root film wire so that low-temperature cold water smoothly flows into inside film wire, and the stage casing shell structure of lengthwise accommodates
Compact package several lengthwises of both sides end the composite microporous film wire of doughnut and with both sides end be tightly connected, lengthwise
The pillar being arranged on middle section structure central axis is support structure, it is ensured that several composite microporous film wires of doughnut have enough machines
Tool intensity, low-temperature cold water enter from cold water inlet runner, flow through end and enter inside film wire, are flowed out from cooling entrance channel, into
Enter cold water circulating system, the position on the stage casing shell structure side of lengthwise respectively close to both sides end is provided with air intake stream
The air of road and air outlet slit runner, high temperature and humidity enters from air intake runner, after hollow fiber film thread heat and mass, drop
The air of low temperature and humidity is flowed out from air outlet slit runner, is sent into sealed compartment and is used.
2. dehumidifier as described in claim 1, wherein hollow fiber film thread is supported by hydrophobic composite micro porous film, film
Inside pipe wall is hydrophobic layer, and the cold water in pipe cannot ensure water vapour on surface under normal or lower pressure to permeating on the outside of pipe
Enter in film after condensation, the transmission of membrane tube outer wall inward wall has one-way.
3. dehumidifier as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein hollow fiber film thread is fixed on stage casing with cluster combining form and manages
In the shell of shell structure, both ends are tightly fixed in the end of both sides.
4. dehumidifier as claimed in claim 3, wherein hollow fiber film thread is hollow-core construction of the diameter in 1.1mm-1.9mm,
Film thickness can be changed at 100 μm -200 μm.
5. dehumidifier as claimed in claim 3, wherein the porosity of the microporous barrier of hollow fiber film thread is 50%-80%.
6. dehumidifier as described in claim 1, wherein flange is provided with sealing ring with joint.
7. composite microporous membrane dehumidifier, including claim 1-6 any one of them composite micro porous films dehumidifier, wind turbine, water
Hot wet air heating is sent into composite micro porous film dehumidifier by pump, radiator, check valve and water collector, wind turbine, and Hot wet air heating exists
On the outside of the tube bank for flowing through composite micro porous film in dehumidifier, water vapour is completed to subtract the dehumidification process of enthalpy dehumidification, after becoming cold dry air
Reenter indoor environment；With being continuously added for humid air property heat, the cold water temperature in membrane tube increases, and the water after heating is in water
Temperature is reduced after flowing through the radiator of spacecraft under pump pumping, to become the cold water that low-temperature cold water enters dehumidifier again
Entrance channel, the water that cooling water condensation goes out are collected by check valve by water collector.
8. composite microporous membrane dehumidifier as claimed in claim 7, wherein when operation, low-temperature cold water and highly humid air are with inverse
Manifold formula works, and for low-temperature cold water in the Bottomhole pressure of hollow fiber film thread, highly humid air plunders shell sectional area stream in shell-side with horizontal
Dynamic, air side end is directly connected to the reserved flange-interface in air duct, water side head reserve can water receiving road screw thread mouth, pass through hose
It is connected to circulation waterway.
9. composite microporous membrane dehumidifier as claimed in claim 7, wherein hollow fiber film thread is completely filled with stage casing shell knot
Structure.
10. composite microporous membrane dehumidifier as claimed in claim 7, wherein also set in cold water inlet runner and membrane tube
Temperature measuring equipment is equipped with to monitor water temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810832959.XA CN108619868A (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | Air dehumidifier based on composite micro porous film and dehumidification device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810832959.XA CN108619868A (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | Air dehumidifier based on composite micro porous film and dehumidification device |
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| CN108619868A true CN108619868A (en) | 2018-10-09 |
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ID=63689197
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| CN201810832959.XA Pending CN108619868A (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | Air dehumidifier based on composite micro porous film and dehumidification device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111111358A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-08 | 南京圣卡孚科技有限公司 | Method and device for separating condensable component liquid drops in gas-phase medium |
| CN111720943A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-09-29 | 卢定伟 | High-efficiency total heat exchange fresh air recovery module |
| CN116477061A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-07-25 | 空天推进(苏州)航空航天科技有限公司 | High-temperature gas-liquid separator adapting to weightlessness environment |
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| CN102814104A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Novel dehumidifying apparatus on basis of hydrophilic/hydrophobic composite microporous membranes under microgravity |
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| WO2018063849A1 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-05 | Dow Corning Corporation | Radiant heat transfer device and membrane or liquid contactor for dehumidification or humidification of air |
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| CN102859083A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2013-01-02 | Wws公司 | Device for extracting water from the air, and system and machine for the production of drinking water |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111111358A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-08 | 南京圣卡孚科技有限公司 | Method and device for separating condensable component liquid drops in gas-phase medium |
| CN111111358B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-02-18 | 南京圣卡孚科技有限公司 | Method and device for separating condensable component liquid drops in gas-phase medium |
| CN111720943A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-09-29 | 卢定伟 | High-efficiency total heat exchange fresh air recovery module |
| CN116477061A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-07-25 | 空天推进(苏州)航空航天科技有限公司 | High-temperature gas-liquid separator adapting to weightlessness environment |
| CN116477061B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-09-22 | 空天推进(苏州)航空航天科技有限公司 | High-temperature gas-liquid separator adapting to weightlessness environment |
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Application publication date: 20181009 |