CN108617254A - A kind of integration strawberry device for picking - Google Patents
A kind of integration strawberry device for picking Download PDFInfo
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- CN108617254A CN108617254A CN201810725641.1A CN201810725641A CN108617254A CN 108617254 A CN108617254 A CN 108617254A CN 201810725641 A CN201810725641 A CN 201810725641A CN 108617254 A CN108617254 A CN 108617254A
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- shell
- blade
- strawberry
- picking
- gear
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
- A01D46/22—Baskets or bags attachable to the picker
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking comprising shell, shear structure, drive mechanism and collector.One end of shell sets a notch, and the other end is equipped with groove one, and bottom, which opens up, to be had the gap.Shear structure includes：Grip component, blade lower fixed seat, blade, blade upper clip, pull rod, steel wire.Gripping component, blade lower fixed seat, blade, blade upper clip are mounted on shell indentation, there after being fixed to each other, and rotate coaxially and connect with shell.Blade is rotatablely connected with blade lower fixed seat.It is connected again with blade upper clip after steel wire connecting rod.Drive mechanism includes motor, driving wheel, gear one, gear two, belt wheel one, belt wheel two and synchronous belt.It is rotated in opposite directions by motor-driven gear one and gear two, belt wheel one, belt wheel two and the synchronous belt in shell is driven to move synchronously.Collector is fixed on shell lower end in net bag-shaped.The present invention advantageously reduces labor intensity, and efficient, cheap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural instruments, and in particular to a kind of integration strawberry device for picking.
Background technology
The moisture of the fruit of strawberry reaches 90% or more, and tissue is more delicate, and pericarp is thin, thus in fresh fruit harvesting and
It is easy by mechanical injuries during storage and transportation.Strawberry pole is not easy to maintain, and storage time is short, and picking labour is strong in a short time
Degree is very big.Along with strawberry distribution is just uneven, controls touching dynamics requirement height and since the single fruit maturity period is inconsistent.And
The features such as need to selectively picking, more considerably increases burden when orchard worker's picking.After work in one day, Guo Nongzhi
Waist is not played, pain needs are forced on and can be alleviated, are susceptible to suffer from waist disease in the past for a long time, certain wound is caused to the body of orchard worker
Evil.The country has full-automatic strawberry picking robot, but it is only applicable to the strawberry of high-trellis cultivation, and the exhausted most regions in China are all
It is the strawberry of alley formula plantation, therefore there is limitation.China's device that also formula strawberry in ridge is picked targeted specifically at this stage, but imitate
The low and of high cost problem of rate still remains.So being badly in need of being directed to this outstanding problem at this stage, to design the people of a auxiliary
Work picks strawberry device, and orchard worker is allowed to be not necessarily to the labor intensity for bending over to reduce picking, while at low cost, improve picking efficiency and
The happiness of orchard worker.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking, for the strawberry of alley formula plantation, realize gripping, shearing,
It transports, working continuously of collecting, greatly reduces the labor intensity of worker, improve the picking efficiency of strawberry and at low cost
It is honest and clean.
The present invention is using following technical scheme realization, a kind of integration strawberry device for picking comprising：Shell, shear structure,
Operation handle, drive mechanism and collector；
The side of shell, one end offers a notch and the other side is equipped with a rotation axis one for penetrating shell；Outside
A groove one is offered on the other end of shell；Offer a gap on the shell, gap be located at shell notch end and groove one it
Between；
Shear structure comprising：Grip component, lower fixed seat, blade, upper clip, pull rod, steel wire；Grip component, blade
Lower fixed seat, blade upper clip three one end the indentation, there is rotatably connected on by a rotation axis two；It is in U to grip component
Type structure, and U-shaped opening is towards one end of shell；The other end of blade lower fixed seat passes through a rotation axis three and gripping component
The other end fix；One end of blade is rotatably installed on blade lower fixed seat and close to one end of rotation axis two；It is pressed from both sides on blade
Piece is L-shaped, after one end of blade upper clip is pressed in the upper surface of blade one end, is fixed on blade lower fixed seat close to rotation axis
Two one end；The other end of blade upper clip is equipped with a groove two；Pull rod is mounted on the side opposite with face where gap, is drawn
One end of bar is equipped with a bulge-structure, and the bulge-structure being capable of the sliding in the groove two；
Operation handle comprising auxiliary-handle and main handle；Auxiliary-handle is vertically installed in groove one, auxiliary-handle and groove one
Madial wall is rotatablely connected；One end of auxiliary-handle and the other end of pull rod connect；Main handle is mounted on the other end of shell, main handle
It is equipped with a bulge-structure two, the bulge-structure two is inserted into groove one, and is fixed with groove one；One end of main handle and pair
Handle is rotatablely connected；Main handle is equipped with motor switch；
Drive mechanism comprising motor, driving wheel, gear one, gear two, belt wheel one, belt wheel two and synchronous belt；Motor is solid
Determine on the shell；Motor is electrically connected with motor switch；Driving wheel is mounted on motor, and is connect with motor drive；Gear one
It is separately mounted to gear two on the side where the gap, and is located at the both sides in gap；And driving wheel, gear one with
It is intermeshed between gear two；It is rotated in opposite directions by motor-driven gear one and gear two；Belt wheel one, belt wheel two are separately mounted to
In shell, it is located at and the both sides in gap, and belt wheel one is sequentially connected with gear one, belt wheel two is sequentially connected with gear two；Two
Synchronous belt is separately mounted in shell, wherein one is wound on simultaneously in corresponding belt wheel one and rotation axis three, the tooth on synchronous belt
It is meshed with the tooth on belt wheel one；Another is wound on simultaneously in corresponding belt wheel two and rotation axis one, the tooth on synchronous belt and band
Tooth on wheel two is meshed；
Collector is in net bag-shaped, is fixed on the one end of shell close to main handle, and where string bag opening towards shell
Direction.
As being further improved for said program, the strawberry device for picking further includes clamp structure, the clamp structure packet
Include fixed multiple bearings inside the shell, the one side of each bearing towards the synchronous belt offers a blind hole, one end suit
Multiple springs two in corresponding multiple blind holes, the multiple cylinders being sleeved in corresponding multiple springs two are and corresponding more
Fixed baffle is distinguished in one end of the other end of a spring two and corresponding multiple cylinders, and synchronous belt is mounted on the baffle
On.
As being further improved for said program, the shear structure further includes fixed seat one, and fixed seat one, which is mounted on, draws
Between bar and shell, fixed seat one is equipped with a guiding axis one for being parallel to pull rod, and the pull rod passes through the guiding axis one.
As being further improved for said program, the shear structure further includes fixed seat two, and fixed seat two is mounted on steel
Between silk and shell, fixed seat two is equipped with a guiding axis two for being parallel to steel wire, and the steel wire passes through the guiding axis two.
As being further improved for said program, the shear structure further includes spring one, and spring one is sleeved on pull rod,
And between guiding axis and bulge-structure one.
As being further improved for said program, two are installed respectively positioned on blade lower fixed seat and blade upper clip
Fixing piece, two fixing pieces are located at blade both sides, and a spring three is installed between described two fixing pieces.
A protrusion is equipped with as being further improved for said program, on the auxiliary-handle close to corresponding motor switch side to tie
Structure three, bulge-structure three are oppositely arranged with motor switch.
As being further improved for said program, the shear structure further includes nut, and nut is mounted on pull rod and protrusion
Between structure one, it is respectively adopted and is threadedly coupled between the nut and pull rod, bulge-structure one.
As being further improved for said program, the shear structure further includes steel wire, one end of the steel wire and pull rod
Connection, and the other end is passed through by one end of auxiliary-handle, is fixed with the other end of auxiliary-handle.
As being further improved for said program, the shear structure further includes hook, and hook is mounted on pull rod and steel wire
Between, one end of hook is sleeved on pull rod, and the other end of hook is connect with steel wire.
A kind of integrated strawberry device for picking provided by the invention, makes plucker not have to bend over to pick strawberry, and can be straight
It connects and wins.It is pressed from both sides after strawberry leaves shear structure with synchronous belt additionally, due to the design of the invention synchronous belt clamp structure
In the middle section of device for picking so that strawberry can keep not falling, and be ready for picking next strawberry at this time, complete picking
The gripping of process, shearing, transport, collection are worked continuously, this greatly improves the picking efficiency of strawberry.The present invention adopts simultaneously
Simple structure, it is of low cost, also it is more in line with the demand in market.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another angled arrangement schematic diagram of integrated strawberry device for picking in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is integrated strawberry device for picking structure top view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is front end shear structure partial elevational elevation view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is pull rod and its partial enlarged view of neighbouring structure in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is rear end partial elevational elevation view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 interior sides synchronous belt and its associated components.
Fig. 8 is the partial structurtes vertical view of Fig. 1 internal synchronizations band and its associated components.
Fig. 9 is the connection diagram of Fig. 2 middle gear groups.
Figure 10 is collector structure schematic diagram in the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, and does not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.
Embodiment 1
It please refers to Fig.1 to Fig.3, a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking of present invention offer includes：Shell 1, shear structure, operation
Handle, drive mechanism clamp structure and collector 38.
Shell 1 is in rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the side of shell 1 offers a notch and the other side is equipped with and penetrates one of shell
Rotation axis 1.A groove 1 is offered on the other end of shell 1.A gap 9 is offered on shell 1, gap 9 is located at shell
Between 1 notch end and groove 1；
Also referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, shear structure includes：Grip component 6, blade lower fixed seat 8, blade 10, on blade
Intermediate plate 12, pull rod 14 and steel wire 16, spring 3 56, fixed seat 1, guiding axis 1, fixed seat 2 50, are oriented to spring 1
Axis 2 52, hook 60.Gripping component 6, blade lower fixed seat 8,12 three of blade upper clip are separately mounted to 1 indentation, there of shell,
Gripping component 6, blade lower fixed seat 8,12 three of blade upper clip one end pass through 23 same shaft rotation of rotation axis with shell 1 respectively
Dynamic connection.6 U-shaped structure of component is gripped, and one end of U-shaped opening towards shell 1 does not open up indentation, there.Blade lower fixed seat 8
The other end by rotation axis three and grip component 6 the other end fix.One end of blade 10 is mounted on blade lower fixed seat 8
And close to one end of rotation axis 23.Blade upper clip 12 is L-shaped, and one end of blade upper clip 12 is pressed in the upper of 10 one end of blade
Surface, and on blade lower fixed seat 8 and close to one end of rotation axis 23, the other end of blade upper clip 12 is equipped with one
Groove 25.Two fixing pieces are separately installed on blade lower fixed seat 8 and blade upper clip 12, two fixing pieces distinguish position
In 10 both sides of blade.Spring 3 56 is mounted between two fixing pieces, makes to connect between blade 10 and gripping component 6.
Where pull rod 14 is mounted on gap on the opposite side in face, one end of pull rod 14 is equipped with a bulge-structure one, convex
Playing structure one being capable of the sliding in groove 25.When pulling pull rod 14, blade 10 is with gripping component 6 together in the same direction around rotation axis
One 2 rotations, when turning to the gripping clamping strawberry carpopodium of component 6, gripping component 6 stops operating, and blade 10 continues around rotation axis
One 2 turn to cutting strawberry carpopodium, have thus accomplished first to press from both sides to cut afterwards.
Nut 62 is installed between pull rod 14 and bulge-structure one, between the nut 62 and pull rod 14 and bulge-structure one
Threaded connection is respectively adopted.Spring 1 is sleeved on the pull rod 14 between guiding axis 1 and bulge-structure one.Pull rod 14 with
A fixed seat 1 is equipped between shell 1, fixed seat 1 is equipped with a guiding axis 1 for being parallel to pull rod 14, and pull rod 14 is worn
Guiding axis 1 is crossed, is fixed on shell 1.It can be can be very good flexibly with the length of adjusting yoke 14 by rotating nuts 62
Control the subtended angle of blade 10.Due to the presence of spring 1, when pull rod 14 unclamps, cutting mechanism automatically restores to original angle
Degree.Guiding axis 1 limits and secures the direction of motion of pull rod 14 so that mechanism more stablizes.
Also referring to Fig. 6, steel wire 16 is connect with the other end of pull rod 14, and it is solid that one is equipped between steel wire 16 and shell 1
Reservation 2 50, fixed seat 2 50 are equipped with a guiding axis 2 52 for being parallel to steel wire 16, and steel wire 16 is fixed across guiding axis 2 52
On shell 1.Hook 60 is sleeved on mounted on the one end between pull rod 14 and steel wire 16, linking up with 60 on pull rod 14, links up with 60
The other end is connect with steel wire 16.
Operation handle includes auxiliary-handle 18 and main handle 20.Auxiliary-handle 18 is vertically installed in groove 1, auxiliary-handle 18 with
One 4 madial wall of groove is rotatablely connected.Steel wire 16 is passed through by one end of auxiliary-handle 18, and is fixed with the other end of auxiliary-handle 18.It is main
Handle 20 is mounted on the other end of shell 1, and main handle 20 is equipped with a bulge-structure two, and bulge-structure two is inserted into groove 1,
And it is fixed with groove 1.One end of main handle 20 is rotatablely connected with auxiliary-handle 18.Main handle 20 is equipped with motor switch 22.
On auxiliary-handle 18 bulge-structure 3 58, bulge-structure 3 58 and 22 phase of motor switch are equipped with close to 22 side of corresponding motor switch
To setting.
Also referring to Fig. 7 to Fig. 9, drive mechanism includes motor 24, driving wheel 26, gear 1, gear 2 30, belt wheel
One 32, belt wheel 2 34 and synchronous belt 36.Motor 24 is fixed on shell 1, and perpendicular to the one side where gap 9.Motor 24
It is electrically connected with 24 switch 22 of motor；Driving wheel 26 is mounted on motor 24, and is sequentially connected with motor 24.Gear 1 and tooth
It takes turns 2 30 to be separately mounted on the shell 1 of 9 both sides of gap, and is intermeshed between driving wheel 26, gear 1 and gear 2 30.
Gear 1 is driven to be rotated in opposite directions with gear 2 30 by motor 24.Belt wheel 1 is separately mounted to belt wheel 2 34 in shell 1
The both sides in gap 9, and belt wheel 1 is sequentially connected with gear 1, belt wheel 2 34 is sequentially connected with gear 2 30.Two synchronizations
Band 36, one is wound in corresponding belt wheel 1 and rotation axis three, and is engaged with belt wheel 1.Another is wound on corresponding belt wheel
2 34, in rotation axis 1, and engage with belt wheel 2 34.
The rotation of auxiliary-handle 18 drives steel wire 16 to tighten and then front end pull rod 14, rotating blade 10 is driven to be sheared, when
Auxiliary-handle 18, which turns to terminal position, can trigger 24 switch 22 of motor, and control motor 24 operates, and motor 24 passes through gear drive band
Dynamic synchronous belt 36, makes synchronous belt 36 clamp strawberry and transports upwards.
In the present embodiment, the wheel of synchronous belt 36 is driven to utilize 24 mate gear 1 of decelerating motor and tooth using decelerating motor 24
2 30 are taken turns, with movable belt pulley 1 and belt wheel 2 34, when the circuit is on, decelerating motor 24 operates, band movable belt pulley 1 and belt wheel
2 34 movements, while the synchronous belt 36 engaged being driven to move, the strawberry clamped is transported upwards by the movement of synchronous belt 36.
This scheme is simple, and practicability is very strong.
Clamp structure includes the multiple bearings 40 being fixed in shell 1, each bearing 40 towards the one of synchronous belt 36
Side offers a blind hole, and one end is sleeved on multiple springs 2 42 in corresponding multiple blind holes, is sleeved on corresponding multiple springs
Multiple cylinders in 2 42, it is solid respectively with one end of the other end of corresponding multiple springs 2 42 and corresponding multiple cylinders
Fixed baffle 44, synchronous belt 36 are mounted on baffle 44.When device for picking does not load, the baffle 44 in this structure and synchronous belt
36 faces contact, and prop up synchronous belt 36.When picking strawberry, although the carpopodium diameter of picking is different, this structure can protect
The tensile force for demonstrate,proving synchronous belt 36, makes device for picking clamp strawberry and does not fall.
Referring to Fig. 10, collector 38 is in net bag-shaped, shell 1 is fixed on close to one end of main handle 20, and the string bag is opened
Mouthful towards 1 direction of shell.
In the present embodiment, collector 38 is using rope, and the string bag is hung over shell 1 close to the one of main handle 20 by iron wire etc.
End, the design easily collecting is portable, and can be moved together with device, while easily disassembled and assembly.When collector 38 receives full grass
When the certain kind of berries, that is, collector 38 is removed, the strawberry to fall down under picking refills the collector 38 in overhead.It is demonstrated experimentally that the collection of the design
Device 38 can well adapt to the fact that strawberry picking operation is wide.
Embodiment 2
According to the requirement of the great mass of data and contest organizing committee investigate on the spot, consulted to strawberry ground, the direction of design
It is indirect labor's picker.Not having to bend in order to reach, improves the purpose of picking efficiency, works should be semiautomatic plant,
Operator only needs control device switch that can easily pick strawberry.Thus it should be noted that the following：
(1) strawberry is easily damaged, and requires height to picking dynamics, therefore should reach and adopt by shearing the carpopodium above strawberry
Strawberry is not touched in the purpose of strawberry, guarantee.
(2) device will be there are four function, i.e. gripping-shearing-transport-collection.
(3) strawberry is closer with mulch distance, and the device of design cannot destroy mulch in picking.
(4) it is directed to the present situation at China strawberry cultivating family at this stage, device will have that portable, at low cost, easy to operate, function is complete
The characteristics of face, each farmer can receive.
1, collectivity Scheme Design
Scheme one：The basic ideas of this programme are to fit together pull rod 14 with parallel shearing cutter head.Run-in index cutter head
The distance between blade 10 is shorter than the distance between scissor cutter head blade 10, can more easily cut strawberry carpopodium.Pass through
The switch of pull rod 14 controls the closure of front end cutter head, shears the carpopodium above strawberry.Its cutter head has the work(cut and gripped
Can, i.e., when cutter head is closed, the carpopodium of strawberry can be cut and tightly clamped, ensure that strawberry does not fall.This scheme realizes
Strawberry can be picked without bending over, reduces labor intensity.But, it is contemplated that orchard worker takes this dress on the other hand when picking strawberry
It sets, another hand needs to take fruit basket, needs strawberry being put into basket after having adopted.And the length of this pull rod 14 is longer, is 70 centimetres, this
The inconvenience of strawberry is resulted in putting.This device is difficult to realize the automatic function of collecting strawberry in scheme conception simultaneously, and
And its cutter head is easily destroyed the mulch on strawberry ground in picking.The presence of these disadvantages reduces the efficiency of strawberry picking, therefore
Abandon this scheme.
Scheme two：It can not solve the problems, such as that strawberry automatically delivers and collects for scheme one, we expect utilizing skin first
Belt wheel solves the problems, such as this.Blade 10 is loaded onto on the identical position of two groups of belts, when conveyer belt moves, cutter head moves simultaneously,
Cutter head is in discrete state when moving to both ends, and when moving to middle section, cutter head is in closed state, using this phenomenon,
When cutter head is transported to front end, alignment strawberry carpopodium prepares gripping, and belt continues to move, and two cutter head spacing are gradually decrease to close
It closes, realize the cutting to strawberry carpopodium and clamps.Belt continues to move, and blade 10 is clamped strawberry and is transported at collector 38,
A blade 10 is fixed at collector 38, when cutter head clamp strawberry be transported at this point, blade 10 cut strawberry carpopodium, make strawberry into
Enter in collector 38.This device realizes the clip of strawberry and automatically delivers and collect.But this scheme Shortcomings, i.e. blade 10
The bad realization of connection between conveyer belt, insufficient strength, it may appear that can't clip strawberry and the case where the strawberry that arrives falls.And
Cutter head is movement when it grips strawberry, and this adds increased the difficulty of picking, and are easily destroyed the mulch on strawberry ground.By right
The understanding of belt, two groups of belt pulleys move synchronously relatively difficult to achieve, while can not also evade well the case where belt slippage.So
Scheme is cast out.
Scheme three：For the variety of problems of first two scheme, we are made that some improvement by analysis.We determined that with
Two groups of wheels of synchronous belt 36 are the main body of device, using stainless steel as shell 1, while function in guaranteeing realization conception, and knot
Structure should simplify to the greatest extent.We use integrated design to device thus, that is, the device simplified can realize gripping-
Shearing-the function of transport-collection four.
2, each structure choice conceptual design
(1) clamping device designs
Chain drive：It can transmit compared with big load and remote transmission, but instantaneous chain speed and transmission ratio are not constants, transmission
Stationarity is poor, there is certain impact and noise in work.
Gear drive：Stable drive, transmission ratio is accurate, reliable operation, efficient, long lifespan, the power used, speed and
Size range is big；Disadvantage：Weight is big, noise is big, transmission distance is smaller, needs often lubrication.
Belt transmission：A kind of machine driving for transmitting movement and power by frictional force, belt have good elasticity,
Shock and vibration can be mitigated in work, stable movement is noiseless.Belt skids on wheel when load is excessive, thus can prevent it
His damage parts, play safeguard protection.Belt is centre part.It can select length as needed in a certain range
Degree, larger operating condition is required to adapt to centre-to-centre spacing.Manufacture simple in structure is easy, and easy to installation and maintenance, cost is relatively low.It lacks
Putting is：Frictionally is driven, and cannot be transmitted high-power.There is sliding in transmission, accurate transmission ratio cannot be kept, it is less efficient.
When transmitting the equally big force of periphery, stress is all bigger than the engaged transmission such as gear drive in contour dimension and axis.Belt abrasion compared with
Soon, the service life is shorter.
Synchronous belt pulley transmission：It is by endless-belt of the inner peripheral surface equipped with equidistant tooth and with the belt wheel of respective teeth
Formed, when operation, be meshed with tooth with the tooth socket of belt wheel transmission movement and power, it be combine belt transmission, chain drive,
The newtype of belt drives of the respective advantage of gear drive.Synchronous belt 36 is using steel wire rope or glass fibre as strength layer, outside coated with poly- ammonia
Dentation is made in the inner circumferential of the endless belt of ester or neoprene, band, it is made to be engaged with toothed belt.Its transmission ratio is accurate, makees to axis
Firmly small, compact-sized, oil resistant, wearability is good, and anti-aging property is good, -20 DEG C -80 DEG C of general temperature in use, transmission speed v<
50m/s, power P<300kW, transmission ratio i<10, for requiring synchronous transmission to can also be used for low speed rotation.
Feature：
(I) transmission is accurate, and when work is fricton-tight, has constant transmission ratio；
(II) stable drive has buffering, damping capacity, noise low；
(III) transmission efficiency, up to 0.98, energy-saving effect is apparent；
(IV) maintaining is convenient, is not required to lubricate, maintenance cost is low；
(V) ratio coverage is big, and general up to 10, linear velocity has larger power transfer range up to 50m/s, reachable
Several watts to hundreds of kilowatts；
(VI) can be used for being driven over long distances, centre-to-centre spacing is up to 10m or more；
(VII) it is transmitted relative to V-type band, pretightning force is smaller, and institute is loaded small on axis and bearing；
Consider works actuation types be selected as synchronous belt 36 wheel transmission it is more suitable.
(2) shear structure designs
Since being integrated design, must according to realized the characteristics of main body synchronous pulley to the gripping of strawberry carpopodium with cut
It cuts, then produces two different schemes.
Scheme one：On the left of the device for picking at the 4cm of front end, design cutting mechanism is so that it can which pivoting, passes through pull rod 14
It is connected with switch, controls it and open and be closed, the maximum angle of opening is 24 °.There is fixed blade in the right front ends of device for picking
10.When determining the target of picking, control switch makes front end be closed, while can clamp strawberry and cut strawberry carpopodium.This
Kind design gripping and shearing are realized simultaneously, without sequencing, can not determine whether function is realized simultaneously.
Scheme two：Due to defect existing for scheme one, front end shear structure is designed as first pressing from both sides and is cut afterwards.To press from both sides and cut this two
A function separates respectively, so mechanism is made of blade 10 and gripping 6 two parts of component, passes through 3 56 phase of spring between the two
Even.Pull rod 14 is connect with 10 fastener of blade, when pulling pull rod 14, blade 10 and the gripping pivoting in the same direction together of component 6.
When turning to the gripping clamping strawberry carpopodium of component 6, gripping component 6 stops operating.And blade 10 continues pivoting to cutting grass
Certain kind of berries carpopodium is accomplished first to press from both sides and be cut afterwards.Consider selection scheme two.
(3) selection of pull rod 14
The pull rod 14 of shear structure is connected with the switch of device for picking end, and the selection one of pull rod 14 shares two sets of plan.
Scheme one：Iron connection shear structure front end with an a diameter of 3mm and switch.This scheme is very simple, still
When front end connect movement with blade lower fixed seat 8, blade upper clip 12, blade lower fixed seat 8, blade upper clip 12 are around shaft rotation
Dynamic, track is not straight line, simultaneously because angle needs to adjust sometimes for blade lower fixed seat 8, blade upper clip 12, and iron
Bar cannot stretch, so cannot realize well.
Scheme two：It is connect with shear structure using 14 guiding mechanism of pull rod, finer wire 16 is recycled to be connected with secondary handle.It is logical
The subtended angle for flexibly controlling blade 10 can be can be very good with the length of adjusting yoke 14 by crossing rotating nuts 62.Due to spring 3 56
Presence, when releasing lever 14, shear structure automatically restores to original angle.Guiding axis 1 limits and secures pull rod
14 direction of motion so that structure is more stablized.Consider selection scheme two.
(4) design of 36 clamp structure of synchronous belt
It is the carpopodium that strawberry is clamped by two groups of synchronous belts 36 to transport strawberry, achievees the purpose that strawberry being transported up.But
It is that synchronous belt 36 is softer, the case where strawberry carpopodium can not be clamped, strawberry can be caused to fall off.In order to solve this problem we have two
Kind scheme.
Scheme one：Batten is fixed in shell 1, is contacted with 36 face of synchronous belt using batten, props up synchronous belt 36, is ensured
Its stress is indeformable, can clamp strawberry carpopodium, not allow strawberry to fall.But recognized according to the case where investigation：Strawberry carpopodium
Thickness is different, and batten is without elasticity.When carpopodium is very thick, the friction between synchronous belt 36 and batten can be very big, occurs transporting slow
Slow or motionless situation；When carpopodium is very thin, occur transporting the case where midway falls and can't clip.
Scheme two：For scheme two there are the problem of, improve 36 clamp structure of synchronous belt.Four branch are fixed in shell 1
Seat 40 can cut out a diameter of 6mm, the cylinder (not running through) of high-order 3mm at 40 center of each bearing.A diameter of a length of 5mm of 4mm
Cylinder and support synchronous belt 36 aluminium alloy baffle 44 be connected (, in figure small cylinder more preferable for the effect of image expression
Do not draw), line footpath 0.4mm, outer diameter 5mm are put on cylinder, length is that the spring 2 42 of 7mm is matched with the hole on bearing 40
It closes.
When device for picking does not load, the aluminium alloy baffle 44 in this mechanism is contacted with 36 face of synchronous belt, props up synchronous belt
36.When picking strawberry, although the carpopodium diameter of picking is different, this structure can ensure the tensile force of synchronous belt 36,
Make device clamp strawberry not fall.Consider selection scheme two.
(4) selection of drive mechanism
Drive mechanism provides power, drives the wheel movement of synchronous belt 36, transports strawberry, there are two types of schemes to this.
Scheme one：The movement taken turns using gear-box control synchronous belt 36.Gear movement is driven with rack mate gear, is pulled
The move distance that rack is taken turns using gear amplification synchronous belt 36, reaching can singlehanded control motor switch 22.When motor switch 22
In relaxation state, synchronizing wheel does not move.By calculating, slowly applies pressure to motor switch 22 until when holding with a firm grip, pass through tooth
Wheel makes synchronous pulley move, and strawberry is allowed just to be transported in collector 38.This drive method energy conservation and environmental protection need not use other
Power plant, manual control.But the closure that can not effectively solve how to control front end shear structure, because of motor switch 22
What is controlled is the movement of synchronous pulley, is unable to control the switch of front end shear structure.It shears and is driven discontinuous, make operation can not
It carries out.And the transmission ratio of gear is 1：10, it is more demanding to grip, it has not been convenient to operate.
Scheme two：Synchronous pulley is driven using decelerating motor 24.Synchronous pulley is driven using 24 mate gear of decelerating motor,
When the circuit is on, decelerating motor 24 operates, and synchronous pulley movement, the strawberry clamped is transported upwards by the movement of synchronous pulley
It send.This scheme is simple, and practicability is very strong.
(5) design of auxiliary-handle 18
It is realized due to clamping and shearing the two functions of strawberry carpopodium by device for picking end auxiliary-handle 18, so opening
The design of pass directly affects practical operation.Two schemes are designed with to this switch.
Scheme one：It is prismatic pair by switch designs.By force analysis it is found that due to device itself limitation, power can only make
Used in the lower end of component., in stress, the position of two power is different, will produce couple for it.Since the presence of couple leads to structure
Part cannot move in the horizontal direction, and component can have larger friction with shell at this time so that before end-of-pipe control switchs bad manipulation
Cutting mechanism is held, causes and uses upper inconvenience.
Scheme two：It is revolute pair by switch designs.Pass through control member so that component pivoting, driven rod one start shipment
It is dynamic, and then can good control device front end cutting mechanism.Make component be restored to initial position by resetting spring again, that is, fills
It sets front end cutting mechanism and is in open configuration.Such design operation is convenient, simple and practical.Consider selection scheme two.
(6) design of collector 38
Scheme one：This collector 38 is made of flexible net and fruit basket.Elastic network(s) one end is fixed on strawberry to fall
The designated position fallen can automatically be fallen in flexible net, strawberry is slipped to fruit along net when strawberry transports so far upwards
In basket, the collection task of strawberry is completed.But it is practical in operation, the height that the designated position fallen automatically of strawberry is liftoff is extremely
It rare one meter, is slipped in fruit basket when from such height, due to speed, it is easy to lead to the damage of strawberry.Secondly,
Strawberry varies.When strawberry is smaller, the buffering effect of elastic network(s) is poorer, leads to not the strawberry for picking small volume.Finally
The work surface for plucking strawberry is very wide, this collector 38 is not portable, so there is certain limitation.
Scheme two：For the defect of scheme one, this secondary design easily collecting is portable, and can be moved together with device, simultaneously
Easily disassembled and assembly.When collector 38 receives full strawberry, that is, collector 38 is removed, the strawberry to fall down under picking refills overhead
Collector 38.In this scheme, collector 38 can well adapt to the fact that strawberry picking operation is wide.
2, parts information model and design
The feature of the design maximum is that it can realize gripping-shearing-function of transport-collection four of strawberry picking,
Therefore the function of design rationally can be preferably realized in the selection and design of part.
(1) decelerating motor type selecting
According to the conveying speed of strawberry, the decelerating motor model GA12-N20 minisize dc toothed gearing electric motors of selection.
Its zero load output rotating speed is 100rpm/min, load speed 80rpm/min, nominal torque 2kg/cm, rated operational voltage
For 12V, rated current 300mA, stalling torque 16kg/cm, locked rotor current 300mA, reduction ratio 298.
(2) gear train designs
Gear train design basic ideas are that the gear of synchronous pulley and motor 24 coordinates, and is operated by motor 24, drives two
Synchronous pulley moves toward one another, and the design parameter of gear is as shown in table 3-1.
Each design of gears parameters of table 3-1
(3) selection of synchronous belt 36
Inspection information recognizes the various models of synchronous belt 36 with parameter as shown in table 3-1, it is contemplated that designs device for picking
The length of size, strawberry carpopodium compares screening, final choice repeatedly in conjunction with the model and parameter of synchronous belt 36 into crossing
Specifications and models are 518MXL, and perimeter 1316.736mm, the number of teeth 648, bandwidth 10mm, tooth form is the synchronous belt 36 of stepped tooth.
Table 3-2 synchronous belt with trapezoid teeth model parameters
(4) selection of synchronizing wheel
According to the selection of synchronous belt 36, the model MXL of belt wheel (32,34), 15 teeth, groove width 11mm, endoporus are determined
5mm, diameter 10mm.
(5) design of 1 size of stainless steel casing
According to strawberry the height of alley and height section design the length of stainless steel casing 1 for 155cm-180cm.It adopts
Pluck 1 a length of 705mm of device shell, the shell band notch a length of 665mm in side.The thickness of stainless steel is 0.5mm, bottom on two shells 1, under
Bottom and height are 13.5mm.So 1 overall length of shell is 705mm, beam overall 27mm, a height of 13.5mm.
(6) size of 1 lower gap of shell
Since the main working process of device for picking is the carpopodium that strawberry is clamped in front end, specific bit is transported to by synchronous pulley
Set place.Find that the carpopodium of strawberry is slightly most 2.5mm by investigation, so lower end gap 9 is designed and sized to 3mm.
(7) position that strawberry falls automatically
Why synchronous belt can clamp strawberry, be because there is the support of 36 clamp structure of synchronous belt.It is tied in no clamping
Under the support of structure, strawberry will fall, so the length of clamp structure setting is 550mm.When the distance that strawberry transports upwards is big
When 550mm, collector 38 will be fallen into automatically.
3, operation principle and performance evaluation
The present invention picks strawberry and mainly realizes that gripping-shearing of picking strawberry is transported by belt wheel 1 and belt wheel 2 34
Send-collect four functions.Detailed process is explained below：
(1) it first presss from both sides and cuts afterwards：Confirm that the target of picking (is only 20mm since the front end of device is very narrow, tufted distribution is grown one
The strawberry risen also can easily pick), by the carpopodium of device for picking front end shear structure alignment target strawberry.After alignment, pass through pull rod
The auxiliary-handle 18 of 14 connection device for picking ends, the shear structure for controlling front end first clamp the carpopodium of strawberry.Later, it is secondary to continue control
Handle 18 to front end cutter head cuts strawberry carpopodium.
(2) strawberry is transported：When shear structure completes the shearing task to strawberry, that is, motor switch 22 is triggered, connects electricity
Road, motor 24 operating band movable belt pulley 1 and belt wheel 2 34 move so that strawberry carpopodium along 1 lower end of shell gap 9, along
Synchronous belt 36 is transported up.
(3) collection of strawberry：When the distance that strawberry transports upwards is more than 550mm, synchronous belt 36 is tied without clamping at this time
Structure supports, and synchronous belt 36 will be unable to clamp strawberry, and strawberry is fallen to automatically in collector 38 at this time.
Efficient reason：When strawberry leaves front end shear structure, you can unclamp motor switch 22, it is next to prepare picking
A strawberry, the strawberry for leaving front end cutting mechanism at this time are still jammed, do not fall out.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of variations, modification, replace
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of integration strawberry device for picking, which is characterized in that it includes：Shell (1), shear structure, operation handle, transmission knot
Structure and collector (38)；
The side of shell (1), one end offers a notch and the other side is equipped with a rotation axis one for penetrating shell (1)
(2)；A groove one (4) is offered on the other end of shell (1)；A gap (9) is offered on shell (1), gap (9) are located at
Between the notch end and groove one (4) of shell (1)；
Shear structure comprising：Grip component (6), lower fixed seat (8), blade (10), upper clip (12), pull rod (14), steel wire
(16)；Gripping component (6), blade lower fixed seat (8), blade upper clip (12) three one end pass through a rotation axis two (3)
It is rotatably connected on the indentation, there；Component (6) U-shaped structure is gripped, and U-shaped opening is towards one end of shell (1)；It is solid under blade
The other end of reservation (8) is fixed by a rotation axis three (7) and the other end of gripping component (6)；One end of blade (10) turns
Dynamic one end on blade lower fixed seat (8) and close to rotation axis two (3)；Blade upper clip (12) is L-shaped, is pressed from both sides on blade
After one end of piece (12) is pressed in the upper surface of blade (10) one end, it is fixed on blade lower fixed seat (8) close to rotation axis two (3)
One end；The other end of blade upper clip (12) is equipped with a groove two (5)；Pull rod (14) is mounted on and face phase where gap (9)
To side on, one end of pull rod (14) is equipped with a bulge-structure, and the bulge-structure can be slided in the groove two (5)
It is dynamic；
Operation handle comprising auxiliary-handle (18) and main handle (20)；Auxiliary-handle (18) is vertically installed in groove one (4), secondary
Handle (18) is rotatablely connected with groove one (4) madial wall；One end of auxiliary-handle (18) is connect with the other end of pull rod (14)；Main hand
Handle (20) is mounted on the other end of shell (1), and main handle (20) is equipped with a bulge-structure two, and the bulge-structure two is inserted into recessed
In slot one (4), and it is fixed with groove one (4)；One end of main handle (20) is rotatablely connected with auxiliary-handle (18)；On main handle (20)
Equipped with motor switch (22)；
Drive mechanism comprising motor (24), driving wheel (26), gear one (28), gear two (30), belt wheel one (32), belt wheel
Two (34) and synchronous belt (36)；Motor (24) is fixed on shell (1)；Motor (24) is electrically connected with motor switch (22)；It drives
Driving wheel (26) is mounted on motor (24), and is sequentially connected with motor (24)；Gear one (28) is installed respectively with gear two (30)
On the side where the gap, and it is located at the both sides of gap (9)；And driving wheel (26), gear one (28) and gear
It is intermeshed between two (30)；Gear one (28) is driven to be rotated in opposite directions with gear two (30) by motor (24)；Belt wheel one (32),
Belt wheel two (34) is separately mounted in shell (1), is located at and the both sides of gap (9), and belt wheel one (32) is passed with gear one (28)
Dynamic connection, belt wheel two (34) are sequentially connected with gear two (30)；Two synchronous belts (36) are separately mounted in shell (1), wherein
One is wound on simultaneously in corresponding belt wheel one (32) and rotation axis three (7), the tooth on synchronous belt and the tooth phase on belt wheel one (32)
Engagement；Another is wound on simultaneously in corresponding belt wheel two (34) and rotation axis one (2), on the tooth and belt wheel two (34) on synchronous belt
Tooth be meshed；
Collector (38) is in net bag-shaped, is fixed on the one end of shell (1) close to main handle (20), and string bag opening direction
Shell (1) direction.
2. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the strawberry device for picking further includes folder
Structure is held, the clamp structure includes the multiple bearings (40) being fixed in shell (1), each bearing (40) direction synchronization
The one side of band (36) offers a blind hole, and one end is sleeved on multiple springs two (42) in corresponding multiple blind holes, suit
Multiple cylinders in corresponding multiple springs two (42), with the other end of corresponding multiple springs two (42) and it is described accordingly
One end of multiple cylinders distinguish fixed baffle (44), synchronous belt (36) is mounted on the baffle (44).
3. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shear structure further includes fixing
One (46) of seat, fixed seat one (46) are mounted between pull rod (14) and shell (1), and fixed seat one (46) is parallel to drawing equipped with one
The guiding axis one (48) of bar (14), the pull rod (14) pass through the guiding axis one (48).
4. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shear structure further includes fixing
Two (50) of seat, fixed seat two (50) are mounted between steel wire (16) and shell (1), and fixed seat two (50) is parallel to steel equipped with one
The guiding axis two (52) of silk (16), the steel wire (16) pass through the guiding axis two (52).
5. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shear structure further includes spring
One (54), spring one (54) are sleeved on pull rod (14), and between guiding axis and bulge-structure one.
6. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in blade lower fixed seat (8) and knife
Two fixing pieces are installed respectively, two fixing pieces are located at blade (10) both sides, described two solid on piece upper clip (12)
Determine that a spring three (56) is installed between part.
7. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that close to phase on the auxiliary-handle (18)
Motor switch (22) side is answered to be equipped with a bulge-structure three (58), bulge-structure three (58) is oppositely arranged with motor switch (22).
8. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shear structure further includes nut
(62), nut (62) is mounted between pull rod (14) and bulge-structure one, the nut (62) and pull rod (14), bulge-structure one
Between threaded connection is respectively adopted.
9. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shear structure further includes steel wire
(16), one end of the steel wire (16) is connect with pull rod (14), and the other end is passed through by one end of auxiliary-handle (18), with auxiliary-handle
(18) the other end is fixed.
10. a kind of integrated strawberry device for picking as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the shear structure further includes hanging
Hook (60), hook (60) are mounted between pull rod (14) and steel wire (16), and one end of hook (60) is sleeved on pull rod (14), are hung
The other end of hook (60) is connect with steel wire (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810725641.1A CN108617254A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | A kind of integration strawberry device for picking |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810725641.1A CN108617254A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | A kind of integration strawberry device for picking |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108617254A true CN108617254A (en) | 2018-10-09 |
Family
ID=63688661
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810725641.1A Withdrawn CN108617254A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | A kind of integration strawberry device for picking |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN108617254A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109429709A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-08 | 苏州大学 | A kind of fruit picking |
| CN110012726A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-16 | 西南石油大学 | Portable strawberry seed harvester |
| CN109429709B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-05-31 | 苏州大学 | Fruit picking machine |
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| JPH11243741A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-14 | Bio Oriented Technol Res Advancement Inst | Harvester for root crop |
| JP2000139163A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-23 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Harvesting position control unit for vegetable harvester |
| CN107371612A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-24 | 西南大学 | A kind of strawberry plucks electric tool |
| CN208370273U (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2019-01-15 | 安徽建筑大学 | A kind of integration strawberry device for picking |
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2018
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH11243741A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-14 | Bio Oriented Technol Res Advancement Inst | Harvester for root crop |
| JP2000139163A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-23 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Harvesting position control unit for vegetable harvester |
| CN107371612A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-24 | 西南大学 | A kind of strawberry plucks electric tool |
| CN208370273U (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2019-01-15 | 安徽建筑大学 | A kind of integration strawberry device for picking |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109429709A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-08 | 苏州大学 | A kind of fruit picking |
| CN109429709B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-05-31 | 苏州大学 | Fruit picking machine |
| CN110012726A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-16 | 西南石油大学 | Portable strawberry seed harvester |
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