CN108615972B - The band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart - Google Patents

Abstract

The band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, is equipped with substrate, and substrate covers copper face upper surface equipped with radiation patch, impedance matching input transmission line, left side rectangular metal earth plate and right rectangular metal ground plate；Left and right sides rectangular metal earth plate is symmetrically distributed in the two sides of impedance matching input transmission line；The other end of the impedance matching transmission line of lower section feed-in is connected with radiation patch the first rank basic unit, and the left and right sides of impedance matching transmission line is equipped with rectangular metal earth plate；Radiation patch structure is stacked stepwise from bottom to top by the closs packing regular hexagon ring basic unit of the embedded ring control of concatenation with one heart and is extended to form, with one heart concatenation ring control regular hexagon ring basic unit by outer edge be positive hexagonal outer ring embed a concentric loop form, interior concentric loop is connected to outer-hexagonal ring by two sections inductance bridge minor matters；The outer profile plane closs packing of regular hexagon ring forms the multistage radiating element with the control of polynary electromagnetism interior annular of connection.

Description

Multi-order hexagonal close-packed ultra-wideband microstrip antenna with concentric serial loop control

technical field

The invention relates to an ultra-wideband microstrip antenna, in particular to a multi-order hexagonal close-packed ultra-wideband microstrip antenna with concentric serial loop control.

Background technique

UWB antennas have a long history. In 1898, British scientist Lodge proposed a broadband biconical antenna, and then UWB antenna design technology continued to develop. From 1939, Cater improved the biconical antenna and designed a conical monopole antenna to 1948. Brillouin introduced it. Coaxial horn antenna, and then to the planar helical antenna, log-periodic antenna, etc. proposed in the 1950s. Nowadays, the research of UWB antenna mainly focuses on the planar printed microstrip antenna which has the advantages of miniaturization, low profile, easy processing, and easy conformality ^[1] . The research history of MIMO antenna is relatively late. The previous research by scholars from various countries was mainly devoted to the establishment of MIMO communication transmission signal coding algorithm and multi-channel propagation model. Until 2006, Manteghi et al. ^[2] first proposed two-unit and four-unit MIMO antennas . The related research of UWB-MIMO antenna mainly focuses on the miniaturization, multi-port, notch-capable, high isolation and other directions.

In 2012, the small binary UWB-MIMO antenna proposed by Shuai Zhang et al. ^[3] not only improved the isolation of the two antenna units by using different radiation modes and polarization diversity, but also used the monopole radiation patch and the other antenna to improve the isolation. The decoupling slot formed by the ground plane further reduces the coupling, and its isolation exceeds -26dB. In 2014, Sharma M et al. ^[4] designed a coplanar waveguide-fed UWB-MIMO antenna. The introduction of defective ground structure (DGS) into the antenna can significantly reduce the correlation coefficient between MIMO antenna units and improve isolation. In 2016, Verma AK et al. ^[5] proposed a single-sided wrench-shaped UWB-MIMO antenna ^[6] . In order to enhance isolation, a rectangular slot and a Y-shaped structure were introduced into the center of the ground, but only covered part of the UWB frequency band: From 4.2 to 9.0GHz, the isolation of the antenna is lower than -16dB from 4.20 to 5.20GHz, and the isolation of the frequency band above 5.20GHz can be better than -21dB. In the same year, Zhang S et al. ^[7] reduced the mutual coupling between units by introducing a neutral line structure in the UWB-MIMO antenna ^[1] . The operating frequency band is only 3.1-5.0GHz, but its isolation is better than -22dB.

Based on the above research on the structure of left-handed materials and the research status of UWB-MIMO antennas at home and abroad, it can be seen that there are very few designs of left-handed materials in UWB-MIMO antennas, and most of them use SRR or CSRR structure for stop-band structure design, MIMO It is difficult to improve the antenna isolation. Therefore, it is of great scientific value and practical significance to explore the left-handed material structure with specific properties and the miniaturization, notch, and high isolation UWB-MIMO antenna combined with the left-handed material unit.

references:

[1] Ruan Chengli. Ultra-wideband antenna theory and technology [M]. Harbin Institute of Technology Press, 2006.

[2]Manteghi M,Rahmat-Samii Y.Novel compact tri-band two-element and four-element MIMO antenna designs[C]//Antennas and Propagation SocietyInternational Symposium 2006,IEEE.IEEE,2006:4443-4446.

[3]Zhang S,Lau B K,Sunesson A,et al.Closely-packed UWB MIMO/diversityantenna with different patterns and polarizations for USB dongle applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2012,60(9):4372 -4380.

[4]Sharma M,Sharma S,Goodwill K,et al.A CPW fed antenna design for UWB-MIMO communication system for high isolation[C]//ComputationalIntelligence on Power,Energy and Controls with their impact on Humanity(CIPECH),2014 Innovative Applications of. IEEE, 2014: 322-325.

[5]Verma A K,Nakkeeran R,Vardhan R K.Design of 2×2 single sidedwrench shaped UWB MIMO antenna with high isolation[C]//Circuit,Power and Computing Technologies(ICCPCT),2016 International Conference on.IEEE,2016: 1-3.

[6] Saravani S, Chakrabarty C K, Md Din N.Compact Bandwidth-EnhancedCenter-Fed CPW Zeroth-Order Resonant Antenna Loaded by Parasitic Element[J].Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters,2017,66:1-8.

[7] Zhang S, Pedersen G F. Mutual coupling reduction for UWB MIMO antennas with a wideband neutralization line [J]. IEEE Antennas and WirelessPropagation Letters, 2016, 15: 166-169.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized multi-order hexagonal close-packed ultra-wideband microstrip antenna with concentric serial loop control.

The invention is provided with a substrate, and the surface of the copper-clad surface of the substrate is provided with a radiation patch, an impedance matching input transmission line, a left rectangular metal grounding plate and a right rectangular metal grounding plate; the left rectangular metal grounding plate and the right rectangular metal grounding plate The metal ground plates are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the impedance matching input transmission line; the other end of the impedance matching transmission line fed below is connected to the first-order basic unit of the radiation patch, and the left and right sides of the impedance matching transmission line are provided with rectangular metal The grounding plate; the radiating patch structure is formed by a series of close-packed regular hexagonal ring basic units controlled by a series of embedded concentric serial rings, which are extended step by step from bottom to top, and the regular hexagonal ring basic units controlled by the concentric serial rings The outer ring with a regular hexagonal edge is composed of a concentric ring embedded inside. The inner concentric ring is connected to the outer hexagonal ring by two upper and lower inductive bridge branches; The outer contour plane of the angular ring is closely packed to form a connected multi-order radiating element controlled by a multi-element electromagnetic inner ring, thereby controlling the frequency characteristics and working bandwidth of the tuned UWB antenna; the hexagonal close-packed mode is stacked from bottom to top. It is formed recursively according to one more basic unit in the upper order than the lower order.

The substrate can be a single-sided copper clad substrate.

The order of the stacks may be n=1˜6.

The dielectric constant of the substrate can be 2.2-8.0, the substrate can be a high-performance dielectric material substrate, the shape of the substrate can be a rectangle, the length L=20-24mm, the width W=12-17mm, and the thickness h= 1.2～2.0mm.

The antenna is fed by a coplanar waveguide, the signal strip of the impedance matching transmission line and the coplanar floor gap width g=0.18-0.2mm, the signal strip width Wm=1.3-1.6mm, and the signal strip length Lm=7-9mm.

The metal grounding plate may be rectangular, and the height of the metal grounding plate is Lg=6˜9 mm, and the width Wg=5˜7 mm.

The side length of the regular hexagonal outer ring of the close-packed regular hexagonal ring basic unit controlled by the built-in concentric serial ring is R _p =5～8mm, and the regular hexagonal inner ring side length R _p1 =4～7mm; The ring radius R ₀ =2～4mm, the inner ring radius R ₀₁ of the embedded concentric rings is 1～3mm, and the width g _n1 of the short branch connecting the inner and outer rings is 0.7～1.2mm.

The ratio between the basic unit side lengths of different stacking orders of the antenna satisfies the optimized ratio. When the antenna stacking order is n, the side lengths of all regular hexagons of the antenna basic unit structure are R _p =k1×p ^n-1 , where the optimization ratio p=0.8～1 can be used to adjust the bandwidth; the side length base k1=4～7mm is used to control the gain of the ultra-wideband microstrip antenna; Similarly, when the antenna barrier stacking order is n, the antenna is basically The outer ring radius R ₀ =k2× ^pn-1 of all embedded concentric ring control units of the unit structure, the inner ring radius of the concentric ring R ₀₁ =k3× ^pn-1 , the optimization ratio p=0.8～1, the radius Base k2=2～4mm, k3=1～3mm.

The present invention expands the current path by loading the concentric series-connected loop control inside, and satisfies the matching of the low frequency band. At the same time, the mutual coupling between the regular hexagons with concentric serial loop control is further controlled, so that the antenna current distribution is more stable and the impedance matching characteristics of the broadband are improved. The regular hexagonal structure can be recursively grown by stacking upward, and the inner _hexagon is optimized according to ^a certain recursive ratio. The reduction of the side length of the inner hexagon can increase the effective radiation area of the radiation patch and ensure a larger radiation gain. The control of the recursion ratio can regularly double the energy radiation of each stage to obtain a balanced and flat broadband microstrip antenna. characteristic.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a first-order embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the return loss of a first-order embodiment of the present invention and a regular hexagonal broadband microstrip antenna. In Fig. 2, the abscissa is frequency/GHz, and the ordinate is the value of return loss; the solid curve is the return loss of the present invention, and the dashed curve is the return loss of the regular hexagonal antenna.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second-order hexagonal close-packed antenna according to a stacked recursive embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third-order hexagonal close-packed antenna according to a stacked recursive embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of three types of line return losses according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 5, the abscissa is frequency/GHz, and the ordinate is the value of return loss.

FIG. 6 is an E-direction diagram of a second-order hexagonal close-packed antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 6, the coordinates are polar coordinates.

FIG. 7 is an H-direction diagram of a second-order hexagonal close-packed antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 7, the coordinates are polar coordinates.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the present invention is provided with a single-sided copper-clad substrate, and the copper-clad surface of the substrate is provided with a radiation patch, an impedance matching input transmission line, a left rectangular metal ground plate, and a right rectangular metal ground plate; The ground plates are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the impedance matching input transmission line; the other end of the impedance matching transmission line fed below is connected to the first-order basic unit of the radiation patch, and the left and right sides of the impedance matching input transmission line are provided with rectangular metal connections. The floor; the radiating patch structure is formed by a series of close-packed regular hexagonal ring basic units controlled by a series of embedded concentric serial rings, which are formed by stacking from bottom to top, and the stacking order is n=1 to 6. The basic unit of the regular hexagonal ring controlled by the loop is composed of a concentric ring embedded in an outer ring whose inner and outer edges are regular hexagons, and the inner concentric ring is connected to the outer hexagonal ring by two upper and lower inductive bridge branches. The radiating element structure stack can be extended in steps of 1, 2, 3...6, and the outer contour plane of the regular hexagonal ring is closely packed to form a connected multi-order radiating element controlled by a multi-element electromagnetic inner ring, thereby controlling the tuned ultra-wideband antenna frequency characteristics and operating bandwidth. The hexagonal close-packed pattern is formed by stacking up bases, recursively consisting of one more basic unit in the upper order than the lower order.

The dielectric constant of the high-performance dielectric material substrate is 2.2-8.0, the shape of the high-performance dielectric material substrate is a rectangle, length L=20-24 mm, width W=12-17 mm, and thickness h=1.2-2.0 mm. The antenna uses a coplanar waveguide to feed, and matches the transmission line signal strip and the coplanar floor slot width g=0.18-0.2mm, the signal strip width Wm=1.3-1.6mm, and the signal strip length Lm=7-9mm. The metal floor is rectangular, the height of the metal floor is Lg=6-9mm, and the width Wg=5-7mm. For the regular hexagonal ring controlled by the built-in concentric serial ring, the regular hexagonal outer ring side length of the basic unit is Rp=5～8mm, and the regular hexagonal inner ring side length _Rp1 =4～7mm; The radius R ₀ =2～4mm, the inner ring radius R ₀₁ =1～3mm of the inner concentric ring. The width g _n1 of the short branch connecting the above-mentioned inner and outer rings is 0.7-1.2 mm. The ratio between the side lengths of the basic elements of different stacking orders of the antenna satisfies an optimized ratio. When the stacking order of the antenna is n, the side lengths of all regular hexagons in the basic unit structure of the antenna are R _p1 =k1× ^pn-1 , where the optimal ratio p=0.8～1 can be used to adjust the bandwidth; the side length base k1= 4 to 7mm, used to control the gain of the ultra-wideband microstrip antenna. Similarly, when the stacking order of the antenna barrier is n, the outer ring radius R ₀ =k2×p ^n-1 of all embedded concentric ring control units in the antenna basic unit structure, and the concentric ring inner ring radius R ₀₁ =k3 ×p ^n-1 , optimization ratio p=0.8～1, radius base k2=2～4mm, k3=1～3mm.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the relative dielectric constant of the substrate is 4.4, the loss tangent value is 0.02, and the shape of the dielectric material substrate is a rectangular parallelepiped, length L=22mm, width W=15mm, and thickness h=1.6mm. The present invention uses coplanar waveguide for feeding, the signal strip and the coplanar floor gap width g. The width of the signal strip is Wm=1.5mm, the length of the signal strip is Lm=8mm, the metal floors on both sides of the signal strip are rectangular, the height of the metal floor is Lg=7mm, and the width Wg=6.5mm.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention (in conjunction with the accompanying drawings) are described in detail as follows:

Embodiment 1: Referring to FIG. 1, this embodiment takes n=1, that is, a multi-stage hexagonal close-packed ultra-wideband microstrip antenna controlled by a first-order concentric serial ring, and the radiating patch structure is a regular hexagonal ring nested within a concentric ring Concatenated ring, regular hexagon side length R _p = 7mm, inner ring regular hexagon side length R _p1 = 5mm, inner ring outer ring radius R ₀ = 3mm, inner ring inner ring radius R ₀₁ = 2mm connected short Branch _gn1 = 1 mm. Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the return loss of a first-order embodiment of the present invention and a regular hexagonal broadband microstrip antenna. It can be seen from Figure 2 that the low frequency of the hexagonal antenna with concentric serial loop control is extended to 3.47GHz, while the regular hexagon is at 3.8GHz, so the concentric serial loop control structure does increase the length of the current path, which is conducive to realizing miniaturization and reducing the size of the antenna .

Embodiment 2: Referring to FIG. 3, in this embodiment, n=2, the side length of the regular hexagonal outer ring is _Rp =4mm, the side length of the regular hexagonal inner ring is _Rp1 =3mm, the radius of the outer ring of the inner ring is R0=2mm, and the inner ring is R0=2mm. The radius of the inner ring of the insert ring is R ₀₁ =1mm, and the connected short branches g _n1 =1mm. Referring to FIG. 4 , in this embodiment, n=3, the side length of the regular hexagon R _p =2.8mm, the side length of the regular hexagon of the inner ring R _p1 =1.8mm, the radius of the inner ring and the outer ring R ₀ =1.4mm, the inner ring The inner ring radius R ₀₁ =0.8 mm, and the connected short branches g _n1 =0.6 mm. It can be seen from Figure 5 that with the expansion of the structure, the current path has been greatly enriched and extended, so the spectrum width can be expanded. The working frequency band of the first-order antenna is 3.47-9.77GHz, and the middle frequency band is relatively well matched; the working frequency band of the second-order antenna is 2.97-11.76GHz, the middle frequency band matching is relatively general, and the two ends are slightly better; the third-order line is in the frequency band 3.33-12.84GHz The mid-band matching is relatively poor, mostly around -10dB.

Referring to Figures 6-7, Figure 6 is the radiation E-plane diagram of the frequency points 4.00GHz, 5.50GHz, 6.50GHz, 9.50GHz, and Figure 7 is the radiation H-plane diagram of the frequency points 4.00GHz, 5.50GHz, 6.50GHz, 9.50GHz. It can be seen from Figures 6 to 7 that the antenna has omnidirectional radiation characteristics, and the pattern distortion is relatively small, indicating that the directivity is relatively stable.

Table 1 shows the influence characteristics of the manufacturing error on the antenna of the second-order embodiment of the present invention.

Table 1

Note: The data in Table 1 has a certain redundancy, and there is a certain correlation between the parameters. The balanced characteristics are given, and the special design can be completed by optimizing the structural parameters according to the needs.

Claims (10)

1. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, it is characterised in that it is equipped with substrate, it is described Substrate covers copper face upper surface equipped with radiation patch, impedance matching input transmission line, left side rectangular metal earth plate and right side square Shape metal ground plate；Left side rectangular metal earth plate and right rectangular metal ground plate are symmetrically distributed in impedance matching input transmission The two sides of line；The other end of the impedance matching input transmission line of lower section feed-in is connected with radiation patch the first rank basic unit, institute The arranged on left and right sides for stating impedance matching input transmission line is equipped with rectangular metal earth plate；Radiation patch structure is by a series of embedded same The closs packing regular hexagon ring basic unit of heart concatenation ring control stacks stepwise from bottom to top to be extended to form, the concentric concatenation ring The regular hexagon ring basic unit of control by outer edge be positive hexagonal outer ring embed a concentric loop form, it is interior with one heart Annulus is connected to outer-hexagonal ring by two sections inductance bridge minor matters；Radiative unit structure is stacked to be extended stepwise by 1,2,3 ... 6, just The outer profile plane closs packing of hexagon ring forms the multistage radiating element with the control of polynary electromagnetism interior annular of connection, and hexagonal is close The mode of accumulation from bottom to top stacks, and by upper rank, a basic unit recurrence is formed more than lower rank.

2. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 Single side copper-clad base plate is used in the substrate.

3. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 In the order stacked be the rank of n=1~6.

4. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 In the substrate dielectric constant be 2.2~8.0.

5. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 In the substrate shape be rectangle, long L=20~24mm, wide W=12~17mm, thickness h=1.2~2.0mm.

6. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 Coplanar wave guide feedback, the signal band of impedance matching input transmission line floor gap width g=together are used in the antenna 0.18~0.2mm, signal bandwidth degree Wm=1.3~1.6mm, signal strip length Lm=7~9mm.

7. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 In the metal ground plate be rectangle, height Lg=6~9mm of metal ground plate, width Wg=5~7mm.

8. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 In the regular hexagon outer ring side length R of the closs packing regular hexagon ring basic unit of the embedded ring control of concatenation with one heart_p=5~ 8mm, regular hexagon inner ring side length R_p1=4~7mm；Embedded concentric loop outer ring radius R₀=2~4mm is embedded in concentric loop Ring radius R₀₁=1~3mm, the connected brachyplast byte wide g of inner and outer ring_n1=0.7~1.2mm.

9. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 The ratio for meeting optimization between the basic unit side length that the antenna difference stacks order, when it is n that antenna, which stacks order, day All regular hexagon outer ring side length R of line basic cell structure_p=k1 × p^n-1, wherein Optimal Ratio p=0.8~1, for adjusting Whole bandwidth；Side length radix k1=5~8mm, for controlling the gain of ultra-wideband microstrip antenna.

10. the band multistage hexagonal closs packing ultra-wideband microstrip antenna that concatenation ring controls with one heart, feature exist as described in claim 1 The ratio for meeting optimization between the basic unit side length that the antenna difference stacks order, when it is n that antenna, which stacks order, day The outer ring radius R of all embedded concentric loop control units of line basic cell structure₀=k2 × p^n-1, concentric loop inner ring half Diameter R₀₁=k3 × p^n-1, Optimal Ratio p=0.8~1, radius radix k2=2~4mm, k3=1~3mm.