CN110085991A - A kind of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element and its array - Google Patents
A kind of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element and its array Download PDFInfo
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- CN110085991A CN110085991A CN201910392943.6A CN201910392943A CN110085991A CN 110085991 A CN110085991 A CN 110085991A CN 201910392943 A CN201910392943 A CN 201910392943A CN 110085991 A CN110085991 A CN 110085991A
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- dielectric patch
- dielectric
- substrate
- antenna element
- low section
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna elements, dielectric patch including the metallic reflection floor, substrate and the square that are cascading from bottom to top, one side of dielectric patch is provided with metal feed tab, upper surface of base plate is equipped with the feeder line being connected with metal feed tab, for direct feed, there are two equal sized square corner cut, the dielectric constants of dielectric patch to be greater than 35 for the diagonal angle tool of dielectric patch.Dielectric patch and substrate are fused together the low section dielectric resonator to form stacking, it is only necessary to can form circular polarisation to the dielectric patch corner cut on upper layer, its operating mode remains as the main mould TM of dielectric resonator101Mould and TM011Mould.The advantages that circularly polarized dielectric antenna element has structure simple, is easy to make, small in size, low section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology fields, in particular to the circularly polarized dielectric paster antenna of low section.
Background technique
It after medium resonator antenna is put forward for the first time by S.A.Long et al., has been widely studied from nineteen eighty-three.With gold
Belong to antenna to compare, medium resonator antenna is made of dielectric material completely, without conductor losses, therefore is very suitable to a millimeter wave system
System.Although diectric antenna is paid close attention in millimeter wave frequency band application, they are also widely studied at microwave frequencies.
This is because diectric antenna has the advantages that some attracting, such as biggish design freedom, small size is light-weight, it is low at
Originally the advantages that and being easily installed.The basic configuration of medium resonator antenna mainly includes rectangle, cylindrical, hemispherical etc., simultaneously
Some stringent mathematical models have proposed.
Circular polarized antenna is widely studied and answers in many fields as a seed type crucial in antenna series
With.In view of foregoing description dielectric resonator the advantages of, a variety of different circularly polarized dielectric resonator antennas have been studied.It
Can be motivated by different feeding networks.Wherein, feed microstrip line is conducive to diectric antenna and other microwave circuits
It is integrated, distribute network for the planar-fed of aerial array convenience be provided, while being also beneficial in multipolarization application that realization can
Reconstruct feeding network.However the high section in traditional antenna will become an obstacle in practical application.
In order to reduce the section of antenna, Dr.H.W.Lai in 2013 et al. proposes a kind of directrix plane dielectric patch antenna,
This applies in low section linear polarization medium resonator antenna for dielectric resonator and opens a fan gate.It is described in the text,
Medium resonator antenna has the characteristic similar with micro-strip paster antenna.Due to the radiation mechanism of its patch cavity mold, dielectric patch
Antenna shows the high gain 0.5-1dB than traditional sucrose antenna.Therefore, this design concept can be applied in a millimeter wave frequency
Section designs linear polarized antenna and its array, shows low section, high efficiency and high radiation character.However, up to the present, being situated between
The characteristic of matter patch resonator carries out theory analysis not yet, and there are also problems for the approximation of cavity mold.For example, the thickness of dielectric patch
Resonant frequency of operation is influenced very big.Therefore, only linearly polarized antenna is studied by time-consuming optimization at present.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: overcome the defect of the above-mentioned prior art, proposes that a kind of simple circular polarisation of structure is low and cut open
Face dielectric patch antenna element and its array.
In order to achieve the above object, a kind of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element proposed by the present invention, including from
The dielectric patch of the metallic reflection floor, substrate and the square that are cascading on down, a side of the dielectric patch
Face is provided with metal feed tab, and the upper surface of base plate is equipped with the feeder line being connected with metal feed tab, is used for direct feed, described
There are two equal sized square corner cut, the dielectric constants of the dielectric patch to be greater than 35 for the diagonal angle tool of dielectric patch.
In addition, the present invention also proposes circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array, it is characterised in that: including several arrays
The aforementioned antenna unit of arrangement, the metallic reflection floor lower section are successively arranged lower substrate and feeding network, the feedback of feeding network
The metal feed of antenna element is connected after the through-hole that the substrate that electric wire passes through lower substrate, metallic reflection floor and antenna element opens up
Piece.
It is found by theoretical research, dielectric patch resonator has a pair of of degeneracy main mould, i.e. TM101Mould and TM011Mould.They
The circularly polarised wave of antenna can be formed by introducing perturbation on dielectric patch resonator, directly presented to can realize by microstrip line
Circular polarized antenna.Therefore, the present invention designs the array of a kind of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element and 2 × 2, to theory
Analysis is verified, and gives emulation and measured result, and the two is coincide preferable.
The advantages that circularly polarized dielectric antenna has structure simple, is easy to make, small in size, low section.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna unit structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is to work as h=0.508mm, εr1=3.55 and εr2=72, in the case of different parameter a and t, square medium patch
The calculated value of piece resonator and the comparative graph of simulation value.
Fig. 3 is the frequency separation curve graph of two degenerate modes.
Fig. 4 is the reflection coefficient of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element of the present invention, axis than the simulation value with gain
Curve graph.
Fig. 5 is circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element of the present invention, and in the emulation directional diagram of 5.4GHz, (left: x-z is flat
Face, right: y-z plane).
Fig. 6-a is circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna array structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 6-b is circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array side view of the present invention.
Fig. 7-a is the reflection coefficient curve of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array emulation and test result of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 7-b is the antenna gain and axis of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array emulation and test result of the present invention
Compare curve graph.
Fig. 8 be circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array of the present invention 5.4GHz directional diagram (it is left: x-z-plane,
It is right: y-z plane).
Figure label is schematically as follows:
1- metallic reflection floor, 2- substrate, 3- dielectric patch, 4- metal feed tab, 5- motivate feeder line, 6- connection signal
Via hole, 7- ground via；8- feeding network, 9- lower substrate, 10- transmission line.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element, including stack gradually set from bottom to top
Metallic reflection floor 1, substrate 2 and square dielectric patch 3,2 upper surface of substrate set are equipped with the excitation being connected with dielectric patch 3
Feeder line 5 is used for direct feed.In this example, substrate 2 is printed circuit board, and metallic reflection floor 1 is printed on the bottom of printed circuit board
Face, excitation feeder line 5 are printed on printed circuit board top surface.The metal feed tab for being printed with rectangle of one side of dielectric patch 3
4, excitation feeder line 5 is connect with the metal feed tab 4, and there are two equal sized square corner cuts for the diagonal angle tool of dielectric patch 3.
Dielectric patch and substrate are fused together the low section dielectric resonator to form stacking, it is only necessary to can to the dielectric patch corner cut on upper layer
Circular polarisation is formed, its operating mode remains as the main mould TM of dielectric resonator101Mould and TM011Mould.
In this example, dielectric patch 3 is microwave-medium ceramics material, permittivity εr2=72, loss angle tangent tanδ1=
0.00085.Substrate 2 is Rogers 4003C plate, permittivity εr1=3.55, loss angle tangent tanδ2=0.0027.This knot
In the circular polarized antenna of structure, the dielectric constant of dielectric patch 3 need to be greater than 35.
The parameter of the present embodiment antenna element see the table below
| Parameter | W1 | W2 | L1 | a | b | t | h | d |
| It is worth (mm) | 4.3 | 1.1 | 7.6 | 20.4 | 6.4 | 1.5 | 0.508 | 1.5 |
W1For the width for motivating feeder line 5 (microstrip line), W2For the width of transmission line 10, L1For excitation feeder line 5 (microstrip line)
Length, a are square the side length of dielectric patch 3, and b is square the side length of corner cut, and t is the height of dielectric patch 3, and h is substrate 2
Height, d be metal feed tab 4 height.By changing parameter d, W1And L1Can be used for adjusting input matching can adjust antenna
Input matching.
The TM mode of square dielectric patch resonator will be influenced by bottom substrate and ground.Therefore, as Jie at top
When matter resonator and the substrate of bottom are fused together, there is a pair of of degeneracy main mould (TM in dielectric patch resonator101Mould and TM011
Mould).The top surface of dielectric patch is magnetic wall, and bottom surface is electric wall.When dielectric patch resonator dielectric constant is sufficiently high, four side walls
Dielectric resonator approximate can also be analyzed as magnetic wall.For main mould TM101For, demarcate in substrate and dielectric patch
On face, electric and magnetic fields are continuous in tangential direction.Therefore TM can be calculated101The resonance frequency f of mode0:
Wherein k1And k2Respectively indicate wave number along the z-axis direction, k in substrate and dielectric patchxAnd kyIt respectively indicates along x and y
The wave number of axis direction, k0For the free space wave number of respective resonant frequencies.
Fig. 2 gives dielectric patch resonator and calculates in the case where different parameter a and t and simulation result.Emulation knot
Fruit and calculated result are coincide well, and error effectively demonstrates theory analysis precision height, above-mentioned approximation is rationally less than 3%.It can send out
Existing, the height t of dielectric patch is to TM101Mould frequency has a significant impact.With the increase of t, working frequency is substantially reduced, this shows
The dielectric patch proposed works under dielectric resonator mode, rather than H.W.Lai, K.M.Luk, and K.W.Leung,
“Dense dielectric patch antenna—a new kind of low-profile antenna element
for wireless communications,”IEEE Trans.Antennas Propag.,vol.61,no.8,pp.4239-
Cavity mold described in 4245, Aug.2013.But since the top surface of dielectric patch is as magnetic wall, TM101The field distribution of mould with
Metal patch mode is similar.Therefore, because the anisotropy of dielectric resonator, main mould TM101Quasi- cavity mold formula is considered as to improve
Gain.
It is previously mentioned similarity in view of above-mentioned, the circular polarisation design method of traditional metal patch antenna can be used for reference to refer to
Lead our design.It uses a pair of of size for the diagonal cutting of b × b, two degenerate modes is separated, as shown in Figure 3.
The simulation parameter reflection coefficient of antenna element, gain and axis are more as shown in Figure 4 than curve.Impedance bandwidth is 9.6%
(5.17GHz to 5.70GHz).Maximum simulated gain value is 7.21dBi, and minimum axis ratio is 0.27dB in 5.4GHz.3-dB simultaneously
Axial ratio bandwidth reaches 1.7% (5.36GHz to 5.45GHz).Fig. 5 gives circularly polarized dielectric patch antenna element at 5.4GHz
Emulation directional diagram, emulation cross polarization be about -36dB.
In order to further verify proposed thought, the present embodiment has been designed and Implemented by double Marchand balun feeds
2 × 2 aerial arrays.As shown in Fig. 6-a and Fig. 6-b, circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array, including four array arrangements
Above-mentioned antenna element, be successively arranged lower substrate 9 and feeding network 8, the feed line of feeding network 8 below metallic reflection floor 1
The metal feed of antenna element is connected after the through-hole that the substrate 2 of lower substrate 9, metallic reflection floor 1 and antenna element opens up
Piece 4.In this example, substrate 2 has the pad connecting with the metal feed tab 4 of antenna element, and the feeder line and pad of feeding network 8 connect
It connects.In figure, 6 be the via hole of connection signal, and 7 be ground via.
In this example, lower substrate 9 and substrate 2 are all Rogers 4003C plate, permittivity εr1=3.55, loss angle tangent
It is 0.0027.X-axis and y-axis directional aerial unit middle ware are away from for 34.3mm.It is emulated using HFSS, the parameter determined is such as
Shown in Fig. 6-b.Wherein, the height h of substrate 21=0.508mm, the height h of lower substrate 92=0.508mm and dielectric patch 3
Height t=1.5mm.
In order to verify proposed design philosophy, proposed aerial array is processed and is tested.Fig. 7-a shows 2 × 2
The reflection coefficient of emulation and the test of circularly polarized dielectric patch antenna array.|S11The impedance bandwidth of emulation and the test of | < -10dB
Respectively 410MHz (5.2GHz to 5.61GHz) and 380MHz (5.18GHz to 5.56GHz).The axis of antenna is than imitative with gain
Very with test value as shown in Fig. 7-b.As can be seen that the minimum axis ratio of emulation and test is about at 5.4GHz and 5.38GHz
0.84dB and 1.75dB.For 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth, emulation and test result be respectively 90MHz (5.37GHz to 5.46GHz) and
90MHz (5.32GHz to 5.41GHz).The gain maximum of emulation and test is respectively 12.31dBi and 11.77dBi.
For circular polarized antenna, available bandwidth refers to impedance bandwidth of the return loss less than -10dB and axis than less than 3dB's
Bandwidth.As can be seen that entire axis is fallen in impedance pass-band than passband, therefore entire axis is more available than passband.Fig. 8 gives antenna array
The directional diagram of the emulation and test result that are listed at 5.4GHz.As can be seen that the directional diagram of emulation and test is identical good each other.
Emulation is respectively about -26dB and -20dB with test cross polarization.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element, including the metallic reflection that is cascading from bottom to top
One side of the dielectric patch of plate, substrate and square, the dielectric patch is provided with metal feed tab, table on the substrate
Face is equipped with the feeder line being connected with metal feed tab, is used for direct feed, there are two size phases for the diagonal angle tool of the dielectric patch
Deng square corner cut, the dielectric constant of the dielectric patch is greater than 35.
2. circular polarisation low section dielectric patch antenna element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the substrate is print
Printed circuit board, the metallic reflection floor are printed on the bottom surface of printed circuit board, and feeder line is printed on printed circuit board top surface.
3. a kind of circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array, it is characterised in that: including wanting such as right for several arrays arrangement
Antenna element described in asking 1, the metallic reflection floor lower section are successively arranged lower substrate and feeding network, the feed of feeding network
The metal feed of antenna element is connected after the through-hole that the substrate that line passes through lower substrate, metallic reflection floor and antenna element opens up
Piece.
4. circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: substrate has and this
The pad of metal feed tab connection, the feeder line of the feeding network are connect with pad.
5. circular polarisation low section dielectric patch aerial array according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the aerial array
For tool there are four the antenna element, the feeding network is double Marchand baluns.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111525246A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-11 | 南通大学 | Low-profile circularly polarized dielectric patch antenna with bandwidth expansion characteristic |
| CN114400448A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-26 | 青岛科技大学 | Novel broadband circularly polarized stepped dielectric resonator antenna and design method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190802 |