CN108614321A - A kind of photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
A kind of photonic crystal fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN108614321A CN108614321A CN201810404063.1A CN201810404063A CN108614321A CN 108614321 A CN108614321 A CN 108614321A CN 201810404063 A CN201810404063 A CN 201810404063A CN 108614321 A CN108614321 A CN 108614321A
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- covering
- photonic crystal
- sandwich layer
- crystal fiber
- stomata
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
- G02B6/02323—Core having lower refractive index than cladding, e.g. photonic band gap guiding
- G02B6/02328—Hollow or gas filled core
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02395—Glass optical fibre with a protective coating, e.g. two layer polymer coating deposited directly on a silica cladding surface during fibre manufacture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03605—Highest refractive index not on central axis
- G02B6/03611—Highest index adjacent to central axis region, e.g. annular core, coaxial ring, centreline depression affecting waveguiding
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photonic crystal fibers, which is characterized in that including：From interior from outer sandwich layer, covering and coat, the cross section of optical fiber is circle, sandwich layer, covering and coat are concentric, sandwich layer is located at the innermost layer of optical fiber, the center of sandwich layer cross section is round hole, multiple semicircular stomatas are uniformly arranged in covering, covering includes 5 covering rings, each covering ring is in turn connected to form by the semicircular stomata of same size, the size of semicircular stomata in covering ring is incremented by successively from inner ring to outer ring, per the semicircular stomata in adjacent two rows of covering rings convex surface facing opposite, coat is located at outermost layer, sandwich layer and covering are all made of silica crystals or silicon crystal is made, coat is made of acrylate or organic siliconresin.The photonic crystal fiber of the present invention can transmit multiple orbital angular momentum patterns, and the effective refractive index difference of modal sets reaches 10‑3Magnitude, limitation loss is low, and nonlinear factor is small, and dispersion is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the communications fields, and in particular to a kind of photonic crystal fiber.
Background technology
Orbital angular momentum (OrbitalAngular Momentum) is photon other than the parameters such as traditional wavelength, polarization
Another Important Parameters.With the technologies such as the wavelength-division multiplex of optical communication field, time division multiplexing, code division multiplexing constantly carry it is old go out
Newly, it updates, the transmitted data amount of traditional fiber has been approached saturation, and OAM is that the multiplexing of light beam provides completely newly oneself
By spending.
In OAM optical fiber telecommunications systems, support that the optical fiber of OAM patterns transmission is a kind of Primary Component.Photonic crystal fiber
(Photonic Crystal Fiber, PCF), is caused extensive concern, there is more complex refraction on its cross section in recent years
Rate is distributed, and usually contains the stomata of different spread patterns, the scale and optical wavelength of these stomatas substantially in same magnitude and pass through
The whole length of device is worn, the fiber cores area that light wave can be limited in low-refraction propagates.The appearance exhibition of photonic crystal fiber
Show a kind of mechanism of new control photon, is greatly expanded the research field of optical transport.With recently to photonic crystal light
Fine (PCF) research is gradually goed deep into, gradually ripe, photonic crystal fiber and the soliton theory of photonic crystal fiber manufacturing technology
It is filled with vitality to the development of optical communication technique.
For the optical fiber for transmitting OAM patterns, more patterns mean to pack more channels on a single frequency,
It is obviously improved transinformation.In addition, in order to support OAM patterns to stablize transmission in a fiber, optical fiber must have high effective
Refringence is just avoided that intercoupling between each vector eigen mode and degeneracy in optical fiber.Many special construction optical fiber are carried
Go out the transmission for supporting OAM patterns, but effective refractive index difference is unable to get always in 10-4 magnitudes between pattern in these optical fiber
It is more significant to improve.Since effective refractive index difference can not improve between pattern, when OAM patterns are transmitted, it may occur that odd even sheet
It levies mould to walk to move, birefringence and polarization mode dispersion, Effect Mode purity simultaneously causes coupling or crosstalk between pattern.
Invention content
The present invention is to carry out to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of can improve transmission rail angular momentum
The quantity of pattern, the photonic crystal fiber of lower limit loss.
The present invention provides a kind of photonic crystal fibers, have the feature that, including：
From interior from outer sandwich layer, covering and coat, fine cross section is circle, and sandwich layer, covering and coat are equal
With one heart, wherein covering includes multiple covering rings.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：Sandwich layer cross section
Center have round hole.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：Covering includes 5
A covering ring.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：The cross of covering ring
Section is annulus.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：In covering ring
The stomata of the even multiple same sizes of setting.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：Stomata it is transversal
Face is semicircle, semicircle adjacent successively.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：Adjacent two
The semicircle opening of stomata in covering ring towards on the contrary, the stomata in the covering ring adjacent with sandwich layer semicircle opening direction
Sandwich layer.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：In covering ring
The size of stomata is incremented by successively from inner ring to outer ring.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：Outside coat
Diameter is more than or equal to 25.4 μm.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：Sandwich layer and covering
It is all made of silica crystals material or silicon crystal material is made.
In addition, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention, can also have the feature that：Coat uses
Acrylate material or silastic material are made.
The effect of invention
According to a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to the present invention, advantage is：Optical fiber can transmit multiple tracks
Angular momentum pattern, limitation loss is low, and the refringence of modal sets has reached 10-3Magnitude, in addition, the dispersion of optical fiber is low, it is non-linear
Coefficient is small.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of photonic crystal fiber cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
2 Wei ∣ HE of figurea+1,1‐EHa‐1,1The effective refractive index difference Δ n of ∣ (a=2,3,5,7,10,14,17)effWith wavelength change
Relational graph；
Fig. 3 is EH11,1、HEA+1,1(a=0,3,11,14) and TE0,1Limitation loss L and wavelength change relational graph；
Fig. 4 is TE0,1, EH11,1And HEa+1,1(a=0,3,11,14) relationship of nonlinear coefficient γ and wavelength change
Figure；And
Fig. 5 is TE0,1, HEa+1,1(a=0,3,6,8,9,11,14) and EHa‐1,1(a=2,6,10,11,12) dispersion D
With wavelength X curve graph
Specific implementation mode
It is real below in order to make the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention be easy to understand
Example combination attached drawing is applied to be specifically addressed a kind of photonic crystal fiber of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of photonic crystal fiber cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Photonic crystal fiber shape is linear in strip.Photonic crystal fiber cross-sectional structure is as shown in Figure 1, photonic crystal light
Fibre 100 includes sandwich layer 10, covering 20 and the coat 30 of from-inner-to-outer.And sandwich layer 10, covering 20 and coat 30 are same
The heart.
Sandwich layer 10 is located at the inner ring of the cross-sectional structure of photonic crystal fiber 100.The center of sandwich layer 10 has round hole, circle
The value range of the radius in shape hole is 4-10 μm, 1-2 μm of the Thickness range of sandwich layer 10.In the present embodiment, central, circular
The radius in hole is 6.7 μm, and the value of the thickness of sandwich layer 10 is 1.5-1.7 μm.
Covering 20 is between sandwich layer 10 and coat 30, including five covering rings, from the inner ring of covering 20 to outer ring, according to
Secondary is the first covering ring 21, the second covering ring 22, third covering ring 23, the 4th covering ring 24 and the 5th covering ring 25.
Multiple semicircular stomatas 211 are uniformly arranged on covering ring 21, stomata 211 is adjacent successively, the radius of stomata 211
Value range is 0.3-0.9 μm, and in the present embodiment, the radius value of semicircular stomata 211 is 0.6 μm.
Multiple semicircular stomatas 221 are uniformly arranged on covering ring 22, stomata 221 is adjacent successively, the radius of stomata 221
Value range is 0.4-1 μm, and in the present embodiment, the radius value of semicircular stomata 221 is 0.68 μm.
Multiple semicircular stomatas 231 are uniformly arranged on covering ring 23, stomata 231 is adjacent successively, the radius of stomata 231
Value range is 0.5-1.1 μm, and in the present embodiment, the radius value of semicircular stomata 231 is 0.7 μm.
Multiple semicircular stomatas 241 are uniformly arranged on covering ring 24, stomata 241 is adjacent successively, the radius of stomata 241
Value range is 0.6-1.2 μm, and in the present embodiment, the radius value of semicircular stomata 241 is 0.8 μm.
Multiple semicircular stomatas 251 are uniformly arranged on covering ring 25, stomata 251 is adjacent successively, the radius of stomata 251
Value range is 0.7-1.3 μm, and in the present embodiment, the radius value of semicircular stomata 251 is 0.82 μm.
Spacing between second covering ring 21 and third covering ring 23 is identical to the 4th covering ring 24 and the 5th covering ring 25
Between spacing, the value range of spacing is 0.05-0.5 μm, is in the present embodiment 0.2 μm.
The size of stomata in covering ring is incremented by successively from inner ring to outer ring.Semicircular stomatal number in each covering ring
Measure it is identical, in the present embodiment, stoma number be 42.The semicircle of stomata in two adjacent covering rings is open towards phase
Instead, the semicircle of the stomata in the covering ring adjacent with sandwich layer 10 is open towards sandwich layer 10.
Coat 30 is located at the outer shroud of the cross-sectional structure of photonic crystal fiber 100, and the outer diameter of coat 30 is more than or waits
In 25.4 μm.
The sandwich layer 10 and covering 20 of photonic crystal fiber 100 are all made of silica crystals material or silicon crystal material system
At coat 30 is made of acrylate material or silastic material.In the present embodiment, sandwich layer 10 and covering 20 are all made of
Silicon crystal material is made, and coat 30 is made of silastic material.
Effective refractive index difference Δ neffFor with the identical topological charge number a's and concentric number of rings b of model identical field strength pattern
HEA+1, bMould and EHA-1, bAbsolute value of the difference ,, that is, ∣ HE of the effective refractive index real part of moulda+1,b‐EHa‐1,b∣.Experiments prove that having
Imitate refractive indices neffMore than 10‐4When, mould HE can be effectively preventA+1, bAnd EHA-1, bDegeneracy becomes linearly polarized mode LPA, bAnd
The intermode crosstalk between them is caused, to cause the loss or mistake of data, is unfavorable for optical fiber transmission.Therefore effective refractive index
Difference is the bigger the better.(in HEA+1, bAnd EHA-1, bAnd LPA, bIn, a indicates that topological charge number, b indicate concentric number of rings)
It is 1 in all concentric ring numbers of the photonic crystal fiber of the present invention,
2 Wei ∣ HE of figurea+1,1‐EHa‐1,1The effective refractive index difference Δ n of ∣ (a=2,3,5,7,10,14,17)efffWith wavelength change
Relational graph.
As shown in Fig. 2, abscissa is wavelength (μm), ordinate Wei ∣ HEa+1,1‐EHa‐1,1∣, it can be seen that arrived at 1.1 μm
In 1.7 μm of this wave bands, Suo You ∣ HEa+1,1‐EHa‐1,1The effective refractive index difference of ∣ is all higher than 10‐4And nearly all it is more than 10‐3, can be with
It effectively prevent them to synthesize LPa,1(1E-4 indicates 1*10 in figure for mould and generation mode-coupling resonat4)。
Limitation loss L is the key factor for limiting remote transmission, the smaller the better in transmission process, calculation formula：
Wherein λ is the wavelength of incident light, Im (neff) be pattern effective refractive index imaginary part.
Fig. 3 is EH11,1、HEA+1,1(a=0,3,11,14) and TE0,1Limitation loss L and wavelength change relational graph.
As shown in figure 3, abscissa is wavelength (μm), ordinate is limitation loss L (dB/m), it can be seen that these patterns
Average limitation loss be about 4 × 10-9 decibels/rice.For traditional fiber, the sheet of the photonic crystal fiber of this structure
Low 3 orders of magnitude are wanted in the limitation loss of sign arrow pattern.Therefore, this special PCF can be looked in long-distance optical fiber communication
To potential application.
Nonlinear effect can cause the transmission of optical fiber harmful effect, such as the broadening of pulse.Thus in transmission process,
Nonlinear coefficient γ is the smaller the better, and formula is：
Wherein AeffFor effective Model area, n is the refractive index of background material, and λ is the wavelength of incident light.
Fig. 4 is TE0,1, EH11,1And HEa+1,1(a=0,3,11,14) relationship of nonlinear coefficient γ and wavelength change
Figure.
As shown in figure 4, abscissa is wavelength (μm) in figure, ordinate is nonlinear coefficient γ (W‐1/ km), it can be seen that
Its TE0,1The nonlinear coefficient γ of mould is about 1.7W at 1.55um wavelength‐1/ km, when luminous power is higher, nonlinear effect pair
It is influenced caused by photonic crystal fiber smaller.
Dispersion D refers to light in transmission process, and different patterns can be separated from each other because transmission speed is different, cause to pass
The wave distortion of defeated signal, pulse broadening.Waveguide dispersion and material dispersion are the main Types of PCF dispersions, generally pass through waveguide
Dispersion DwMaterial dispersion DmLinear combination calculate total dispersion.
D=Dw+Dm
Wherein λ is the wavelength of incident light, and n is the refractive index of background material, and c is the light velocity in vacuum, neffIt is arrow pattern
Effective refractive index.
Fig. 5 is TE0,1, HEa+1,1(a=0,3,6,8,9,11,14) and EHa‐1,1(a=2,6,10,11,12) dispersion D
With wavelength X curve graph.
As shown in figure 5, abscissa be wavelength (μm), ordinate be dispersion D, it can be seen that all modal dispersion curves it is low and
It is flat.
To sum up, in a kind of photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention so that the energy of each pattern concentrates on core region biography
It is defeated, covering is seldom leaked to, so limitation loss reduces.Optimized by the parameter to the optical fiber structure, it can be achieved that
It is more than 10- between different orbital angular momentum patterns4Effective refractive index it is poor, so as to effectively inhibit the intermode in transmission process
Crosstalk improves the transmission performance of optical fiber middle orbit angular momentum pattern, can more transmission rail angular momentum pattern.Optical fiber
Nonlinear factor it is small, dispersion is low.
The effect of embodiment
According to a kind of photonic crystal fiber involved in the present embodiment, advantage is：Optical fiber can transmit multiple
Orbital angular momentum pattern, limitation loss is low, and the refringence of modal sets has reached 10-3Magnitude, in addition, the dispersion of optical fiber is low, it is non-
Linear coefficient is small.
The above embodiment is the preferred case of the present invention, is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of photonic crystal fiber, which is characterized in that including：
From interior from outer sandwich layer, covering and coat,
The cross section of the optical fiber is circle, and the sandwich layer, the covering and the coat are concentric,
Wherein, the covering includes multiple covering rings.
2. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the center of the sandwich layer cross section has round hole.
3. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the covering includes 5 covering rings.
4. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the cross section of the covering ring is annulus.
5. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, it is uniformly arranged the identical stomata of multiple shape sizes in the covering ring.
6. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the cross section of the stomata is semicircle, and the semicircle is adjacent successively.
7. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the semicircle opening of the stomata in the adjacent two covering rings is towards on the contrary, adjacent with the sandwich layer
The covering ring in the stomata semicircle opening towards the sandwich layer.
8. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the size of the stomata in the covering ring is incremented by successively from inner ring to outer ring.
9. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the outer diameter of the coat is more than or equal to 25.4 μm.
10. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the sandwich layer and the covering are all made of silica crystals material or silicon crystal material is made.
11. a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the coat is made of acrylate material or silastic material.
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| CN201810404063.1A CN108614321A (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | A kind of photonic crystal fiber |
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| CN201810404063.1A CN108614321A (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | A kind of photonic crystal fiber |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112649915A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-13 | 东北石油大学 | Photonic crystal fiber supporting 114 OAM mode transmission |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779149A (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2010-07-14 | 泰科电子瑞侃有限公司 | The hole arranged photonic crystal fiber that is used for low-loss, tight fibre-optical bending application |
| CN106842414A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-13 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of new photonic crystal fiber for transmitting multiple OAM patterns |
| CN107238890A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-10 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of photonic crystal fiber for transmitting 22 photon angular momentum moulds |
-
2018
- 2018-04-28 CN CN201810404063.1A patent/CN108614321A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779149A (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2010-07-14 | 泰科电子瑞侃有限公司 | The hole arranged photonic crystal fiber that is used for low-loss, tight fibre-optical bending application |
| CN106842414A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-13 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of new photonic crystal fiber for transmitting multiple OAM patterns |
| CN107238890A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-10 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of photonic crystal fiber for transmitting 22 photon angular momentum moulds |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112649915A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-13 | 东北石油大学 | Photonic crystal fiber supporting 114 OAM mode transmission |
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