CN102854562B - High double-refraction photonic crystal fiber (PCF) - Google Patents
High double-refraction photonic crystal fiber (PCF) Download PDFInfo
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- CN102854562B CN102854562B CN201210380219.XA CN201210380219A CN102854562B CN 102854562 B CN102854562 B CN 102854562B CN 201210380219 A CN201210380219 A CN 201210380219A CN 102854562 B CN102854562 B CN 102854562B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high double-refraction photonic crystal fiber (PCF) comprising a fiber core and a cladding. Two small air holes are removed from the central part of an optical fiber so that an ellipse-like fiber core is formed; meanwhile, the structural arrangement of the air holes of the cladding is changed, and four pairs of large air holes and a pair of elliptic air holes are introduced to the cladding and connected to the fiber core, so that the optical fiber with the structure has double rotation symmetry, a cross-polarization mode is not degenerated again, and very high double-refraction is shown. Through changing the structure of the fiber core and adjusting the diameters of the large air holes and the ellipticities of the elliptic air holes within a certain range, the PCF is two orders of magnitudes higher than a common optical fiber due to the adoption of the mode of double refraction, and meanwhile, the optical fiber has a high nonlinear coefficient. The PCF provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high double-refraction and high nonlinearity. The PCF with the structure can be used for manufacturing a polarization-preserving optical fiber and relevant optical fiber devices with proper nonlinearity or polarization characteristics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical fiber technology field, particularly a kind of photonic crystal fiber.
Background technology
In the ideal case, two mutually orthogonal patterns of single-mode fiber transmission, they have identical propagation constant, and degeneracy, therefore can regard single polarization electric vector as each other.Yet how much actual optical fiber has some imperfections, inner refractive index distributes also and to cause the inhomogeneous of refractive index because of internal stress inhomogeneous.This just causes the variation of two fundamental mode propagation constants, thereby causes the disturbance of basic mode polarization state in single-mode fiber, has destroyed the mutual degeneracy characteristic of basic mode, thereby has caused mode birefringence.Polarization maintaining optical fibre is on the xsect of optical fiber, to introduce artificially geometrically anisotropic, and the coupling coefficient of two basic modes in optical fiber is reduced, and then causes pairwise orthogonal propagation constant β
xwith β
ypoor increase, that is: Δ β=β
x-β
ylarger, mode birefringence degree is higher.
Photonic crystal fiber (photonic crystal fiber is called for short PCF) is called again microstructured optical fibers or porous optical fiber.In photonic crystal fiber covering, the specific arrangement structure of airport makes it present many characteristics that are difficult to realization in traditional fiber, the peculiar properties such as adjustable in single mode transport, high birefringence, high non-linearity, dispersion without cut-off and large die face is long-pending, become a focus of current research, and be widely used in the fields such as light sensing, optical communication and nonlinear optics.High birefringence optical fiber has a wide range of applications aspect Application in Sensing and to linear polarization polarisation of light hold facility aspect.In tradition high birefringence optical fiber, fibre core is doped with GeO
2in nuclear radiation situation, its loss can increase, and nuclear blast tolerance and temperature stabilization performance are low, and high double-refraction photon crystal fiber is to be formed by pure quartz material, and can design different architecture advances optical fiber properties, there is the incomparable superiority of traditional high birefringence optical fiber.The structural design of high double-refraction photon crystal fiber is flexible, by introduce the shape of airport not of uniform size, change fibre core or covering airport in covering, can obtain the high double-refraction photon crystal fiber of excellent performance.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the low deficiency of prior art birefringence, the present invention proposes a kind of photonic crystals optical fiber structure with high birefringence characteristic of simple in structure and easy making, this structure itself has double rotational symmetry, can obtain than the higher birefringence of existing birefringence mode photonic crystal fiber, and nonlinear factor is higher.
High double-refraction photon crystal fiber provided by the invention, comprises fibre core and covering, and described covering is arranged on fibre core outer peripheral areas, and cladding index is lower than core segment.
Background material (2) at described optical fiber is above furnished with one group of airport structure according to regular grid node, wherein, middle three rows' the little airport of circle (3) is square structure to be arranged, and every three the adjacent little airports of the little airport of circle (3) of all the other both sides are equilateral triangle structural arrangement on optical fiber cross section; The diameter of circular little airport (3) is d;
The fibre core of described optical fiber (1) is the high index of refraction core district being formed by the disappearance that is centered close to two the little airports of circle (3) on regular grid node;
The covering of described optical fiber is the equivalent region of low refractive index being formed by the airport structure on the regular grid node at background material (2), inner cladding and surrounding layer, consists of, and is positioned at fibre core (1) around; Described inner cladding forms (as shown in Figure 1) by the background material (2) of four pairs of large airports of circle (4) and a pair of oval airport (5) and periphery, two little airports of circle (3) replacement that oval airport (5) is positioned at fibre core (1) both sides by symmetry forms, and four pairs of large airports of circle (4) are replaced and formed by the four pairs of little airports of circle (3) that are positioned at fibre core (1) and oval airport (5) both sides; The major diameter of described oval airport (5) is d, and minor axis diameter is d/2; The diameter of the large airport of described circle (4) is D;
The little airport of circle (3) that described surrounding layer is d by the diameter that rule is arranged in background material (2) and the background material (2) of periphery form;
The center distance of all adjacent vacant pores is Λ, 2d> Λ >D>d; The material of described fibre core (1) is identical with the background material (2) of covering.
The background material (2) of the material of described fibre core (1) and covering is pure quartz or polymeric material.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
The present invention proposes a kind of photonic crystals optical fiber structure with high birefringence characteristic of simple in structure and easy making, this structure arranges by changing covering airport structure, in covering, introduce four pairs of large airports of circle, a pair of oval airport is connected with fibre core, therefore this structured optical fiber has double rotational symmetry, orthogonal polarization mode is degeneracy no longer, shows very high birefringence.The mode birefringence of this photonic crystal fiber, than at least high order of magnitude of ordinary optic fibre, reaches 10
-2magnitude, meanwhile, the nonlinear factor of this structured optical fiber is very high.Therefore, the photonic crystal fiber of this structure can be used for making polarization maintaining optical fibre and the associated fiber device with non-linear or polarization characteristic, and because the birefringence of optical fiber is to realize by changing the physical dimension of airport, the impact of temperature is very little, good stability, thereby be more suitable for actual application.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described with implementing profit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the high double-refraction photon crystal fiber cross sectional representation of one embodiment of the invention;
In figure, the large airport of circle, (5) major diameter that the little airport of circle that (1) fibre core, (2) background material, (3) diameter are d, (4) diameter are D are d, the spacing of the oval airport that minor axis diameter is d/2, Λ-adjacent vacant pore.
Fig. 2 is the mould field pattern of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 optical fiber, and wherein a is the distribution of amplitudes pattern of x polarization basic mode mould field, and b is the distribution of amplitudes pattern of y polarization basic mode mould field;
Fig. 3 is that pattern effective refractive index on two orthogonal directionss calculating of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 optical fiber is with the variation relation figure of wavelength;
Fig. 4 is that the pattern effective refractive index on two orthogonal directionss calculating of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 optical fiber is poor, and birefringence B is with the variation relation figure of wavelength;
Fig. 5 is that nonlinear factor γ on two orthogonal directionss calculating of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 optical fiber is with the variation relation figure of wavelength.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
A high double-refraction photon crystal fiber, cross-sectional structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises fibre core and covering.
Background material (2) at described optical fiber is above furnished with one group of airport structure according to regular grid node, wherein, middle three rows' the little airport of circle (3) is square structure to be arranged, and every three the adjacent little airports of the little airport of circle (3) of all the other both sides are equilateral triangle structural arrangement on optical fiber cross section; The diameter of circular little airport (3) is d.
The high index of refraction core district that the disappearance of the little airport (3) that the fibre core of described optical fiber (1) is is d by two diameters that are centered close on regular grid node forms;
The covering of described optical fiber is the equivalent region of low refractive index being formed by the airport structure on the regular grid node at background material (2), inner cladding and surrounding layer, consists of, and is positioned at fibre core (1) around;
The little airport of circle (3) that described surrounding layer is d by the diameter that rule is arranged in background material (2) and the background material (2) of periphery form; Described inner cladding forms (in dotted line frame in figure) by the background material (2) of four pairs of large airports of circle (4) and a pair of oval airport (5) and periphery;
Described four pairs of large airports of circle (4) symmetry is positioned at fibre core (1) both sides; The diameter of the large airport of described circle (4) is D; Described a pair of oval airport (5) symmetry is positioned at fibre core (1) both sides; The major diameter of described oval airport (5) is d, and minor axis diameter is d/2; The center distance of all adjacent vacant pores is Λ, 2d> Λ >D>d; The material of described fibre core (1) is identical with the background material (2) of covering.
In this example, selecting background material (2) is pure quartz, diameter d=0.588 μ the m of the little airport of surrounding layer (3), the diameter D=0.941 μ m of the large airport of inner cladding (4), the major diameter d=0.588 μ m of oval airport (5), minor axis diameter d/2=0.294 μ m, the spacing Λ=1 μ m of airport.Obtain the field distribution of basic mode mould, pattern effective refractive index, the poor B of pattern effective refractive index, nonlinear factor of photonic crystal fiber under this parameter respectively as shown in Fig. 2 to 5.
Fig. 2 result shows, because this structure has double rotational symmetry, so two orthogonal polarisation state of optical fiber basic mode degeneracy no longer, be separated into two not patterns of degeneracy---x polarization basic mode and y polarization basic mode, and there is x and y durection component in each basic mode.The x durection component amplitude of x polarization basic mode, much larger than y durection component amplitude, presents very strong x polarization characteristic; And y polarization basic mode x durection component amplitude is much smaller than y durection component amplitude, present very strong y polarization characteristic.
Fig. 3 result shows,
effective index is greater than
effective index, and effective refractive index reduces with the increase of wavelength.
Fig. 4 result shows, birefringence effect is linear increase with the increase of wavelength, when wavelength X=1550nm, and birefringence B=1.53 * 10
-2, than the birefringence of ordinary optic fibre, exceed two orders of magnitude.
Fig. 5 result shows, this double refraction photo crystal optical fiber has high nonlinear factor, at wavelength X=1550nm place,
mould and
the nonlinear factor γ of mould is respectively 42W
-1km
-1and 28W
-1km
-1.
A kind of high double-refraction photon crystal fiber structure, selecting background material (2) is polymeric material, diameter d=0.588 μ the m of the little airport of surrounding layer (3), the diameter D=0.941 μ m of the large airport of inner cladding (4), the major diameter a=0.588 μ m of oval airport (5), minor axis diameter b=0.294 μ m, the spacing Λ=1 μ m of airport.
Claims (1)
1. a high double-refraction photon crystal fiber, comprises fibre core and covering, and described covering is arranged on fibre core outer peripheral areas, and cladding index, lower than core segment, is characterized in that:
Background material (2) at described optical fiber is above furnished with one group of airport structure according to regular grid node, wherein, middle three rows' the little airport of circle (3) is square structure to be arranged, and every three the adjacent little airports of the little airport of circle (3) of all the other both sides are equilateral triangle structural arrangement on optical fiber cross section; The diameter of circular little airport (3) is d=0.588 μ m;
The fibre core of described optical fiber (1) is the high index of refraction core district being formed by the disappearance that is centered close to two the little airports of circle (3) on regular grid node;
The covering of described optical fiber is the equivalent region of low refractive index being formed by the airport structure on the regular grid node at background material (2), inner cladding and surrounding layer, consists of, and is positioned at fibre core (1) around; Described inner cladding consists of the background material (2) of four pairs of large airports of circle (4) and a pair of oval airport (5) and periphery, two little airports of circle (3) replacement that oval airport (5) is positioned at fibre core (1) both sides by symmetry forms, and four pairs of large airports of circle (4) are replaced and formed by the four pairs of little airports of circle (3) that are positioned at fibre core (1) and oval airport (5) both sides; The major diameter of described oval airport (5) is d=0.588 μ m, and minor axis diameter is d/2=0.294 μ m; The diameter of the large airport of described circle (4) is D=0.941 μ m;
Described surrounding layer is that the little airport of circle (3) of d=0.588 μ m and the background material (2) of periphery form by the diameter that rule is arranged in background material (2);
The center distance of all adjacent vacant pores is Λ, 2d> Λ >D; The material of described fibre core (1) is identical with the background material (2) of covering, is pure quartz or polymeric material.
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| CN102854562B true CN102854562B (en) | 2014-03-05 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103197371B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2014-12-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Birefringence photonic crystal fiber |
| CN103197372B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-04-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Photon crystal optical fiber |
| CN103472527B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-08-05 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of High-birefringence low-confinement-lossphotonic photonic crystal fiber |
| CN103645535B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-08-26 | 江苏大学 | A kind of high birefringence Hz optical fiber |
| CN104166179B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-09-07 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of high double-refraction photon crystal fiber |
| CN104808285B (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2017-08-01 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of high birefringence dispersion-tunable photonic crystal fiber |
| CN105116486A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 燕山大学 | Octagonal photonic crystal optical-fiber polarization beam splitter |
| CN109932777A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-06-25 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of high sensitivity pressure sensing photonic crystal fiber and its pressure sensor |
| CN113671620B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-05-24 | 燕山大学 | Single-core polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
| CN114200573B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-01-20 | 淮阴工学院 | High-nonlinearity high-birefringence photonic crystal polarization maintaining fiber based on liquid filling |
| CN114994829B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-05-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | Novel high-birefringence low-dispersion photonic crystal fiber |
| CN115061234B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-04-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Sound pressure high-sensitivity solid-core photonic crystal fiber, preparation method and underwater acoustic device |
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| JP3909014B2 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2007-04-25 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Single mode photonic crystal optical fiber |
| CN100397116C (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2008-06-25 | 南开大学 | Broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber |
| CN2916656Y (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-06-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Birefracting photon crystal optical fiber |
| CN201368927Y (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2009-12-23 | 张亚妮 | High-polarization maintaining polymer photonic crystal fiber |
| CN101551490A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2009-10-07 | 天津理工大学 | Sagnac interferometer type comb filter with channel spacing unrelated with operating wavelength |
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