CN103323909A - Small diameter polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
Small diameter polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN103323909A CN103323909A CN2013102716609A CN201310271660A CN103323909A CN 103323909 A CN103323909 A CN 103323909A CN 2013102716609 A CN2013102716609 A CN 2013102716609A CN 201310271660 A CN201310271660 A CN 201310271660A CN 103323909 A CN103323909 A CN 103323909A
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Abstract
The invention provides a small diameter polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber which comprises a quartz crystal substrate which is distributed with a plurality of air holes arranged according to a certain rule to form a fiber core and a cladding. The hole diameter size of the air holes is in a wavelength magnitude. The air holes are divided into large air holes and small air holes and are divided into three layers. The air holes of each layer is arranged to form a regular pentagon. The first layer comprises five air holes, each air hole occupies each one of five vertices of the pentagon, and the five air holes comprise three large air holes and two small air holes. The second layer is formed by ten small air holes, five air holes occupy five vertices of the pentagon respectively, and a middle point of each of five sides of the pentagon are provided with an air hole respectively. The third layer is formed by ten air holes, air holes at five vertices of the pentagon are missed, and fives sides are uniformly distributed with two small holes respectively. The small diameter polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber is a polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber with small diameter, high birefringence and simple preparation and is specially used for winding a fiber optic gyroscope sensitive ring.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of photonic crystal fiber, specifically a kind of thin footpath, have the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of good polarization retention performance.
Background technology
Photonic crystal fiber is a kind of novel optical fiber that grows up in theory at photon band gap, because the dirigibility of structural design and unique optical characteristics have just obtained paying close attention to widely since last century Mo comes out.Typical photonic crystal fiber is become with the air group hole that is distributed in some wherein by pure quartz crystal, and these airports are along the optical fiber axial distribution and run through whole optical fiber, so photonic crystal fiber is known as again microstructured optical fibers or porous optical fiber.The photonic crystals optical fiber structure flexible design, by adjusting covering airport size, interporal lacuna size, central entity are big or small, central entity refractive index etc., can obtain the characteristics such as desirable birefringence, non-linear, dispersion.Studies show that in a large number, why photonic crystal fiber can provide higher birefringence mainly to have benefited from following 2 points: the first, have benefited from airport reasonable in design, and the fibre core of photonic crystal fiber and the refringence of covering are much larger than traditional fiber; The second, by structural design flexibly, in fibre core or covering, can introduce easily dissymmetrical structure.
The development and research of the development of photonic crystal fiber, particularly polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber provides brand-new thought for optical fibre gyro solves the environmental suitability problem.The optical fibre gyro optical fiber sensing ring of common middle and high precision mostly adopts traditional polarization maintaining optical fibre (stress type polarization maintaining optical fibre) to make.Because the high birefringence of traditional polarization maintaining optical fibre mainly obtains by introducing the stressed zone, when temperature raise, the stress in the stressed zone raise with temperature and discharges gradually, and birefringence value reduces gradually thereupon even disappears, so its temperature stability is relatively poor.Simultaneously, the germanium in the nuclear radiation situation in the fiber core can spread in covering, causes the refractive index in the fibre core progressively to reduce, and causes light progressively to be spread in covering by fibre core in Transmission Fibers, and loss is serious.And the optical fibre gyro of adopting photonic crystal fiber to make can obtain higher temperature stability, lower bending loss, lower offset drift and noise, performance to further raising optical fibre gyro has important value, the structure distribution that it is special and characteristic make light get photon crystal optical fiber gyroscope and have numerous incomparable superiority than traditional fiber gyro.
Optical fibre gyro to the requirement of polarization maintaining optical fibre mainly contain following some:
(1) structural requirement: the optical fiber sensing ring size that optical fibre gyro needs is less, in order to reduce bending loss, to reduce the probability that fibre-optical bending ruptures, need to make the diameter of optical fiber less;
(2) preparation requires: in order to improve the yield rate of optical fiber preparation, requiring it to prepare difficulty can not be too high;
(3) temperature characterisitic requires: for suppressing temperature effect to the harmful effect of fiber optic gyroscope performance, the polarization maintaining optical fibre that optical fibre gyro is adopted should have certain temperature stability;
(4) the polarization retention performance requires: mostly adopt polarization to keep light channel structure in middle and high precision optical fiber gyro, this just requires employed optical fiber should have the high birefringence characteristic;
(5) environmental requirement: optical fibre gyro needs and can use in the environment with extreme conditions such as nuclear radiation, and this just requires selected optical fiber can have stronger stability under extreme case.
Be applicable to the photonic crystal fiber of optical fibre gyro sensing ring although some have occurred on the market at present, the size of these optical fiber is larger, and preparation is comparatively complicated, can not satisfy well the needs of optical fibre gyro high precision, miniaturization development trend.And thin footpath polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber has represented the future thrust of optical fibre gyro sensing ring with optical fiber.Therefore, be necessary that special development meets the thin footpath polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber that optical fibre gyro requires.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of thin footpath, high birefringence, preparation simple, be applicable to the thin footpath polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of optical fibre gyro.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Comprise the quartz crystal substrate, be distributed with according to certain regularly arranged some airports formation fibre cores and covering in substrate, described airport is along the optical fiber axial distribution and run through whole optical fiber, the aperture size of described airport is wavelength magnitude, described being distributed as according to certain regularly arranged some airports: be divided into two kinds of large airport and little airports according to the diameter airport, airport is divided into three layers, and each layer of air hole is arranged and is regular pentagon; Ground floor i.e. interior one deck comprises 5 airports, and each airport occupies this pentagonal five summits, three large airports wherein, two little airports; The second layer is that middle one deck is comprised of 10 little airports, and wherein 5 airports occupy pentagonal 5 summits separately, on five limit mid points of pentagon an airport are arranged respectively; The 3rd layer is that one deck of outermost is comprised of 10 airports, the pore disappearance on five summits of pentagon, and five limits respectively are evenly distributed with two apertures.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, large airport diameter d
1, little airport diameter is d
2Relation between the gentle pitch of holes Λ satisfies: Λ=d
1=2d
2
2, large airport diameter d
1Span be 1.6 μ m～2.4 μ m.
3, basal diameter is 20 μ m～80 μ m.
The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber cladding diameter that the present invention describes is significantly less than the diameter of existing photonic crystal fiber, take a kind of priority structure as example: the diameter d of large airport
1Be 1.8 μ m, the diameter d of aperture
2Be 1.0 μ m, pitch of holes Λ is 1.8 μ m, and the airport regional diameter is 10 μ m.The cladding diameter of the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber that the present invention relates to is 20 μ m～80 μ m, is significantly less than at present 125 common μ m.Therefore, this is a kind of good thin footpath photonic crystal fiber, is conducive to the miniaturization of optical fibre gyro.Simultaneously, the optical fiber in thin footpath can reduce the probability of fiber optic loop winding process Fracture, and the fiber optic loop of minor radius can also reduce the loss of light beam.
The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber that the present invention describes has destroyed the circular symmetry of fibre core by at innermost layer three spileholes being changed to gross blow hole, can obtain very strong birefringence.Experiment showed, that through Multi simulation running the birefringence of the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber that the present invention relates to can arrive 10
-3～10
-2Magnitude, the polarization maintaining optical fibre birefringence more used than traditional fiber gyro fiber optic loop exceeds 1～2 order of magnitude, and this point is very favourable to the precision that improves optical fibre gyro.And because its high birefringence is to obtain by the physical dimension that changes the fibre cladding airport, greatly reduce in theory the impact of temperature, improved the stability of optical fibre gyro.
It is larger that the pore size distribution of photonic crystal fiber Air and airport quantity prepare difficulty impact to optical fiber, and the photonic crystal fiber of airport negligible amounts more easily prepares.The photonic crystal fiber pore that the present invention relates to only has three layers, and pore quantity is few, and is simple in structure, has reduced the difficulty of preparation, is suitable for large-scale production.In addition, the minimizing of airport quantity, the airport problem of subsiding when also having improved fused fiber splice in a way.
Beneficial effect: the present invention forms covering by the pore of design cycle property arrangement, and light field is strapped in core region; By three spileholes of innermost layer are changed to gross blow hole, destroyed the circular symmetry of fibre core, introduced the height mode birefringence; By dwindling hole diameter, shorten pitch of holes, reducing pore quantity and dwindled fiber size, reduced the difficulty of preparation.That the present invention has obtained is a kind of thin footpath, high birefringence, prepare simple polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber, is specifically applied in the fields such as optical fibre gyro and fibre optic interferometer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross sectional representation of the thin footpath polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber that the present invention relates to;
Fig. 2 is the curve that the birefringence value of the preferred embodiment of the invention changes with optical wavelength;
Fig. 3 a-Fig. 3 b is that the preferred embodiment of the invention is at the mould field pattern of the pairwise orthogonal polarization direction at 1.55 mum wavelength places;
Fig. 4 is that the preferred embodiment of the invention is at the vertical transmission diagram of 1.55 mum wavelength place light waves.
Embodiment
The below does more detailed description to the present invention for example:
In conjunction with Fig. 1.In order to solve present optical fibre gyro sensing ring with fibre diameter is large, birefringence is relatively poor, prepare comparatively complicated problem, the invention provides that a kind of what satisfy the optical fibre gyro needs is thin footpath, high birefringence, the simple polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of preparation, be specifically designed to the coiling of optical fibre gyro sensing ring.The xsect of optical fiber comprises fibre core 1 and covering two parts, and substrate 2 materials are pure quartz crystal, and covering is to be made of according to certain regularly arranged microstructure that forms some airports, and fiber core is formed by the disappearance of covering airport.Airport diameter dimension in the covering is wavelength magnitude, and along the optical fiber axial distribution and run through whole optical fiber, described airport is divided into three layers, and each layer of air hole is arranged and is regular pentagon.Airport can be divided into 4 two kinds of large airport 3 and little airports according to diameter.Ground floor i.e. interior one deck comprises 5 airports, and each airport occupies this pentagonal five summits, three large airports wherein, two little airports; The second layer is that middle one deck is comprised of 10 little airports, and wherein 5 airports occupy pentagonal 5 summits separately, on five limit mid points of pentagon a pore are arranged respectively; The 3rd layer is that one deck of outermost is comprised of 10 spileholes, the pore disappearance on five summits of pentagon, and five limits respectively are evenly distributed with two apertures.
Preferential embodiment optical fiber substrate material is pure quartz crystal, and its structural parameters are: the macropore diameter d
1Be 1.8 μ m, the diameter d of aperture
2Be 1.0 μ m, pitch of holes Λ is 1.8 μ m.Dwindling of optical fiber airport regional diameter, so that the fibre cladding diameter reduces, this is for carefully directly theoretical foundation has been established in the realization of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber and making and gyro miniaturization.In the actual fabrication, can obtain different birefringence values by regulating the parameter of structure design that affects the birefringence size according to the different demands of practical application, this has demonstrated fully the dirigibility of photonic crystal fiber on structural design.
Fig. 2 is the curve that the birefringence value of preferential embodiment changes with optical wavelength, and as can be seen from the figure, in wavelength 0.4 μ m～2.5 μ m scopes, the mode birefringence value of this type polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber constantly increases with the increase of wavelength, can reach 10
-3～10
-2Magnitude.At 1.55 mum wavelength places, x and y polarization direction effective refractive index are respectively:
Calculating can obtain
Clap the long L that is
p=λ/B=0.158mm.
Above accompanying drawing and preferential embodiment only describe for illustrative, protection scope of the present invention are not formed restriction.
Claims (4)
1. one kind thin footpath polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber, comprise the quartz crystal substrate, be distributed with according to certain regularly arranged some airports formation fibre cores and covering in substrate, described airport is along the optical fiber axial distribution and run through whole optical fiber, it is characterized in that: the aperture size of described airport is wavelength magnitude, described being distributed as according to certain regularly arranged some airports: be divided into two kinds of large airport and little airports according to the diameter airport, airport is divided into three layers, and each layer of air hole is arranged and is regular pentagon; Ground floor i.e. interior one deck comprises 5 airports, and each airport occupies this pentagonal five summits, three large airports wherein, two little airports; The second layer is that middle one deck is comprised of 10 little airports, and wherein 5 airports occupy pentagonal 5 summits separately, on five limit mid points of pentagon an airport are arranged respectively; The 3rd layer is that one deck of outermost is comprised of 10 airports, the pore disappearance on five summits of pentagon, and five limits respectively are evenly distributed with two apertures.
2. a kind of thin footpath according to claim 1 polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber is characterized in that: large airport diameter d
1, little airport diameter is d
2Relation between the gentle pitch of holes Λ satisfies: Λ=d
1=2d
2
3. a kind of thin footpath according to claim 2 polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber is characterized in that: large airport diameter d
1Span be 1.6 μ m～2.4 μ m.
4. any one described a kind of thin footpath polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: basal diameter is 20 μ m～80 μ m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013102716609A CN103323909A (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2013-07-01 | Small diameter polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber |
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| CN2013102716609A CN103323909A (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2013-07-01 | Small diameter polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104765100A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small-diameter solid core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of four-layer structure |
| CN106461853A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2017-02-22 | 波兰光子学和纤维中心 | Microstructured optical fibre with selectively enlarged spaces of reduced refraction index, especially for the generation of nonlinear effects and stress measurements |
| CN107315221A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of real core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of the thin footpath of double-layer structure |
| CN108873157A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-23 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of low magnetic susceptibility polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber |
| CN112129730A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-25 | 中国计量大学 | Terahertz wave refractive index sensor based on sunflower type photonic crystal structure |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6788865B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2004-09-07 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Polarization maintaining optical fiber with improved polarization maintaining property |
| JP2005003932A (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2005-01-06 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | Polarization retention photonic crystal fiber and its fiber edge working method |
| CN103344231A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Polarization-maintaining photonic crystal optical-fiber gyroscope device |
-
2013
- 2013-07-01 CN CN2013102716609A patent/CN103323909A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6788865B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2004-09-07 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Polarization maintaining optical fiber with improved polarization maintaining property |
| JP2005003932A (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2005-01-06 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | Polarization retention photonic crystal fiber and its fiber edge working method |
| CN103344231A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Polarization-maintaining photonic crystal optical-fiber gyroscope device |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106461853A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2017-02-22 | 波兰光子学和纤维中心 | Microstructured optical fibre with selectively enlarged spaces of reduced refraction index, especially for the generation of nonlinear effects and stress measurements |
| CN104765100A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small-diameter solid core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of four-layer structure |
| CN104765100B (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2016-12-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of thin footpath reality core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of four-layer structure |
| CN107315221A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of real core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of the thin footpath of double-layer structure |
| CN107315221B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2018-10-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of thin footpath solid core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of double-layer structure |
| CN108873157A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-23 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of low magnetic susceptibility polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber |
| CN112129730A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-25 | 中国计量大学 | Terahertz wave refractive index sensor based on sunflower type photonic crystal structure |
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Application publication date: 20130925 |