CN108614192B - Distribution decision method for lightning monitoring device of power distribution network - Google Patents
Distribution decision method for lightning monitoring device of power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distribution network Lightning Location System (LLS), a distribution network fault management system and a distribution network GIS system, which comprehensively consider lightning ground flash density distribution, lightning current amplitude data and distribution network line historical lightning stroke fault rate, further draw a ground flash density comprehensive analysis chart and a lightning current amplitude comprehensive analysis chart containing distribution network lines, perform quantitative analysis on monitoring device installation priority by means of an analytic hierarchy process to obtain a priority ranking chart (table) of each line, and finally realize the determination of distribution network lightning monitoring device distribution point scheme by combining with actual working conditions. The method has the advantages and characteristics that a simple, convenient and effective lightning monitoring device distribution scheme decision method is provided by comprehensively considering multiple factors and combining an analytic hierarchy process, and the method aims to provide guiding suggestions for distribution network lightning monitoring work, can be matched with most of the existing power supply management systems, has very strong practical application value, and can improve the effectiveness and the economy of distribution network lightning protection work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the lightning protection monitoring technology of a power distribution network system, and particularly relates to a distribution point decision method of a lightning monitoring device of a power distribution network.
Background
The power industry is an important support of national economy, and as a capillary vessel of a power system, a power distribution network is particularly important in the power system China. With the rapid construction and development of power grids and the continuous improvement of the requirements of a load side on power supply quality, the construction of a safe, stable, efficient and reliable power distribution network has been advanced.
The power distribution network system bears the task of directly supplying power to users or distributing electric energy to a next-level system, and is characterized by multiple voltage levels, complex network structure, various equipment types and poor safe working environment which has the greatest influence on the working stability of the system. Because the distribution line has the characteristic of 'inherent insufficiency' of lightning resistance level in design, the insulation level is low, and the distribution line generally cannot bear various impact high voltage and heavy current from the inside and the outside of the system, once the line and a tower are struck by lightning, the system cannot bear various lightning impact with huge energy, power failure accidents can be caused often, even serious accidents such as equipment damage can be caused, and the economic development loss in areas and the inconvenience in resident life are caused. Therefore, the reasonable lightning protection improvement design needs to be carried out on the distribution network line, and the premise of reasonable improvement is that the distribution network lightning detection device needs to be installed on the distribution network so that the improvement party can obtain the influence characteristics of the lightning on the distribution network in the area.
In order to scientifically grasp the law of lightning activities, China has begun to build a lightning location measurement system (LLS) from the last eighties of the last century. The core of the lightning positioning and measuring system is a lightning electromagnetic field remote measuring technology, so that the lightning fault point is positioned and the lightning current peak value is calculated. At present, the application of the lightning positioning system is very wide, and a set of database system is basically established by power departments in various regions to integrate and store local lightning measurement information for years. However, the biggest defect of this technology is that the measurement accuracy is not high, and with the development of high voltage testing technology and computer technology, the lightning online monitoring technology with higher measurement accuracy is rapidly developed and reaches the level of successful network operation. However, in the actual engineering situation, the number of the distribution network lines is large, and the degrees of the different lines affected by lightning activities are different, and other reasons, it is not necessary to install lightning monitoring devices on all the distribution network lines; this is costly if each line is installed.
The invention content is as follows:
the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the distribution network lightning monitoring device point distribution decision method is provided, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, distribution network lightning monitoring devices are installed on a distribution network, and due to the fact that the number of distribution network lines is large, the degrees of different lines affected by lightning activities are different, and the like, the lightning monitoring devices cannot be installed on all the distribution network lines; if every circuit is installed, the technical problem of high cost is caused.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a distribution network lightning monitoring device point decision method comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring lightning distribution data and lightning current amplitude data in a distribution network located area from a lightning location system LLS, acquiring a historical line lightning stroke fault rate from a management database, and importing spatial information of a distribution network line from a distribution network GIS system;
step 2, obtaining the total ground flash density p of each line according to the ground flash distribution data;
step 3, obtaining the lightning current amplitude m of each line passing through the area according to the lightning current amplitude data;
step 4, obtaining the annual average lightning stroke fault rate q of each line according to the lightning stroke fault rate of the historical lines;
step 5, giving a weight value k to the total lightning density p of each line, the lightning current amplitude m in the passing area of each line and the annual average lightning failure rate q of each line1、k2、k3；
Step 6, calculating the priority of each line equipped with the lightning monitoring device as f ═ k1p+k2m+k3And q, selecting the circuits with the number equal to that of the monitoring devices to be installed according to the sequence from high priority to low priority, namely determining the distribution scheme of the monitoring devices.
Step 2, the method for obtaining the total lightning density p of each line according to the lightning distribution data comprises the following steps: dividing the research area by a grid method, calculating the sum of the number of times of the ground lightning in the same grid as the ground lightning density, and combining the ground lightning densities in all the grids to obtain a ground lightning density distribution diagram; and importing the spatial information of the power distribution network line into the ground flash density distribution diagram, reading each line with the length of one line span and the half width of the ground flash density within the lightning induction influence radius range, adding the ground flash densities of all the line spans to the half width of the ground flash density within the lightning induction influence radius range, and carrying out normalization processing after adding the ground flash densities of all the line spans to obtain the total ground flash density p of the line.
Step 3, the method for obtaining the lightning current amplitude m in the passing area of each line according to the lightning current amplitude data comprises the following steps: processing lightning current amplitude data by adopting a grid method, wherein the lightning current amplitude in each grid method is the maximum value of all lightning current amplitudes in the grid; and after spatial information of the distribution network lines is imported, counting the maximum lightning current amplitude in the region where each line passes, and finally performing normalization treatment, namely dividing the maximum lightning current amplitude in the region where each line passes by the maximum value in all the lines respectively to obtain the lightning current amplitude m in the region where each line passes.
Step 4, the method for obtaining the annual average lightning stroke fault rate q of each line according to the historical lightning stroke fault rate of the lines comprises the following steps: and calculating the annual average lightning failure frequency of each line according to the historical lightning failure frequency of the line, and then performing normalization processing on all data, namely dividing the annual average lightning failure frequency of each line by the maximum value in all lines to obtain the annual average lightning failure rate q of each line.
The determination method of the weight values k1, k2 and k3 comprises the following steps: calculating the weighted values k of the lightning density p, the lightning current amplitude m and the lightning failure rate q by using an analytic hierarchy process1、k2、k3。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a simple, convenient and effective lightning monitoring device distribution scheme decision method by comprehensively considering lightning ground lightning density distribution, lightning current amplitude and distribution network line historical fault data and combining an analytic hierarchy process. The method can be matched with most of the existing power supply management systems, has strong practical application value, aims to provide guiding suggestions for lightning monitoring items of the distribution network, and can improve the effectiveness and the economy of lightning protection work of the distribution network.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of influence factors of the installation position of a lightning monitoring device of a power distribution network according to the invention;
the specific implementation mode is as follows:
a distribution network lightning monitoring device point decision method comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring lightning distribution data and lightning current amplitude data in a distribution network located area from a lightning location system LLS, acquiring a historical line lightning stroke fault rate from a management database, and importing spatial information of a distribution network line from a distribution network GIS system;
step 2, obtaining the total ground flash density p of each line according to the ground flash distribution data;
step 3, obtaining the lightning current amplitude m of each line passing through the area according to the lightning current amplitude data;
step 4, obtaining the annual average lightning stroke fault rate q of each line according to the lightning stroke fault rate of the historical lines;
step 5, giving a weight value k to the total lightning density p of each line, the lightning current amplitude m in the passing area of each line and the annual average lightning failure rate q of each line1、k2、k3；
Step 6, calculating the priority of each line equipped with the lightning monitoring device as f ═ k1p+k2m+k3And q, selecting the circuits with the number equal to that of the monitoring devices to be installed according to the sequence from high priority to low priority, namely determining the distribution scheme of the monitoring devices.
Step 2, the method for obtaining the total lightning density p of each line according to the lightning distribution data comprises the following steps: dividing the research area by a grid method, calculating the sum of the number of times of the ground lightning in the same grid as the ground lightning density, and combining the ground lightning densities in all the grids to obtain a ground lightning density distribution diagram; and importing the spatial information of the power distribution network line in the ground flash density distribution diagram, reading the ground flash density of each line with the length of one span of the line and the half width of the line within the lightning induction influence radius range, adding the ground flash densities of all the spans of the line, and then carrying out normalization processing. The total flash density p of the line is obtained.
The regional lightning data is processed by a grid method, namely, the region is divided by a grid method with an appropriate size. The latitude and longitude range of the grid range is generally 0.04 degrees x 0.04 degrees to 0.2 degrees x 0.2 degrees according to the difference of the area size of the research region. The sum of the number of lightning strikes in each grid is recorded as the lightning density of the grid.
Step 3, the method for obtaining the lightning current amplitude m in the passing area of each line according to the lightning current amplitude data comprises the following steps: processing lightning current amplitude data by adopting a grid method, wherein the lightning current amplitude in each grid method is the maximum value of all lightning current amplitudes in the grid; and after spatial information of the distribution network lines is imported, counting the maximum lightning current amplitude in the region where each line passes, and finally performing normalization treatment, namely dividing the maximum lightning current amplitude in the region where each line passes by the maximum value in all the lines respectively to obtain the lightning current amplitude m in the region where each line passes.
For the influence of the lightning current amplitude, a grid method is also used for dividing a research area, and then the lightning current amplitude in each grid is calculated. According to the lightning induction influence radius and the related regulation proposal, when the distance between a lightning stroke point and a power transmission line is more than 65m, the maximum value (kV) of the induction voltage on a wire can be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein I is the lightning current amplitude (kA); h isdSuspending the wire by an average height (m); and s is the distance (m) from the lightning strike point to the line.
Step 4, the method for obtaining the annual average lightning stroke fault rate q of each line according to the historical lightning stroke fault rate of the lines comprises the following steps: and calculating the annual average lightning failure frequency of each line according to the historical lightning failure frequency of the line, and then performing normalization processing on all data, namely dividing the annual average lightning failure frequency of each line by the maximum value in all lines to obtain the annual average lightning failure rate q of each line.
The natural grounding resistance of a lightning point is large, the maximum lightning current value can be estimated by adopting 100kA, the average height of a 10kV distribution network line can be calculated by adopting 10m, the flashover voltage of an insulator of the 10kV line can be calculated by adopting 75kV, the lightning induction radius of the line is about 300m, the self error of a lightning positioning system and the influence of statistical error are considered, the lightning induction radius is 500 m, a square area with the longitude and the latitude of 0.02 degrees multiplied by 0.02 degrees can be taken, and the maximum lightning current amplitude range in each grid is counted.
The determination method of the weight values k1, k2 and k3 comprises the following steps: calculating the weighted values k of the lightning density p, the lightning current amplitude m and the lightning failure rate q by using an analytic hierarchy process1、k2、k3。
Calculating the weighted values k of the electric flash density p, the lightning current amplitude and the m lightning stroke fault rate q by using an analytic hierarchy process1、k2、k3. Weight k1、k2、k3It is mainly determined by two aspects: the first is the role of the specimen in decision making and the reliability of index estimation; secondly, the degree of importance of the decision maker to the index. The method comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, a comparison matrix A is determinednn
Comparison matrix AnnIs in the form of
Matrix AnnElement a in (1)ijReflecting influencing factor AiRelative to AjThe degree of importance of. a isijThe value of (A) is usually determined by a multi-stage scaling method, and the relative size of numbers is used for representing the importance degree of each other.
2) Normalizing to obtain an intermediate matrix
Suppose now that the comparison matrix is A33As follows
Normalizing each column of the comparison matrix, i.e. dividing each column element by the sum of the column elements to obtain an intermediate matrix B33，
3) Computing feature vectors and normalization
Adding the elements of each row of the intermediate matrix to obtain an n-dimensional column vector, i.e.
[0.366,1.954,0.690]TThe vector is normalized, i.e., each element is divided by the sum of all elements, resulting in a vector k ═ 0.122,0.649,0.229]T＝[k1,k2,k3]TWherein k is1,k2,k3Namely respectively as influencing factors A1，A2，A3The weight of (c).
Finally, k is obtained according to the formula1p+k2m+k3q calculate the priority value of each line (k in this example)1,k2,k3Taking the above calculation results), obtaining the priority ranking chart of all the lines,
and (4) arranging the layout according to the priority, and selecting the same number of lines as the installed lines according to the priority value by combining the number of the lightning protection monitoring devices required to be installed in the actual engineering situation, namely determining the distribution scheme of the lightning protection monitoring devices of the power distribution network lines.
Claims (2)
1. A distribution network lightning monitoring device point decision method comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring lightning distribution data and lightning current amplitude data in a distribution network located area from a lightning location system LLS, acquiring a historical line lightning stroke fault rate from a management database, and importing spatial information of a distribution network line from a distribution network GIS system;
step 2, obtaining the total ground flash density of each line according to the ground flash distribution datap；
Step 2, obtaining the total lightning density of each line according to the lightning distribution datapThe method comprises the following steps: dividing the research area by a grid method, calculating the sum of the number of times of the ground lightning in the same grid as the ground lightning density, and combining the ground lightning densities in all the grids to obtain a ground lightning density distribution diagram; introducing power distribution network line space information into the ground flash density distribution diagram, reading the ground flash density of each line with the length of one line span and the half width of the line span within the lightning induction influence radius range, adding the ground flash densities of all the line spans, and then carrying out normalization processing to obtain the total ground flash density of the linep；
Step 3, obtaining the lightning current amplitude of each line passing area according to the lightning current amplitude datam(ii) a And 3, obtaining the lightning current amplitude in the passing area of each line according to the lightning current amplitude datamThe method comprises the following steps: processing lightning current amplitude data by adopting a grid method, wherein the lightning current amplitude in each grid method is the maximum value of all lightning current amplitudes in the grid; guide tubeAfter spatial information of the lines of the distribution network is input, the maximum lightning current amplitude in the area where each line passes is counted, and finally normalization processing is carried out, namely the maximum lightning current amplitude in the area where each line passes is divided by the maximum value in all the lines, so that the lightning current amplitude in the area where each line passes is obtainedm；
Step 4, obtaining the annual average lightning stroke fault rate of each line according to the lightning stroke fault rate of the historical linesq(ii) a Step 4, obtaining the annual average lightning stroke fault rate of each line according to the lightning stroke fault rate of the historical linesqThe method comprises the following steps: calculating the annual average lightning failure frequency of each line according to the historical lightning failure frequency of the line, and then carrying out normalization processing on all data, namely dividing the annual average lightning failure frequency of each line by the maximum value in all lines to obtain the annual average lightning failure rate of each lineq；
Step 5, giving total earth flash density to each linepThe lightning current amplitude of each line passing through the areamAnd the annual average lightning failure rate of each lineqAssigning weight valuesk 1 、k 2 、k 3 ；
Step 6, calculating the priority of each line equipped with the lightning monitoring device asf= k 1 p+ k 2 m+ k 3 qAnd selecting the circuits with the number equal to that of the monitoring devices to be installed according to the priority from large to small, namely determining the distribution scheme of the monitoring devices.
2. The distribution network lightning monitoring device stationing decision method of claim 1, characterized by: the determination method of the weight values k1, k2 and k3 is determined by adopting an analytic hierarchy process.
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