CN108613621A - GNSS receiver array and high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array - Google Patents
GNSS receiver array and high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/14—Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
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Abstract
The present invention provides GNSS receiver array and several GNSS antennas are installed on a rigid body holder by the high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array, the present invention, and rigid body holder is fixed at monitoring point, and each GNSS antenna connects a GNSS receiver；According to the geometry site between multiple GNSS antenna phase centers, at the observation reduction of multiple GNSS receivers a to GNSS antenna, a virtual GNSS receiver is formed, to improve observable GNSS observations quantity；By all available observation Combined Calculation deflections of virtual GNSS receiver, can effectively observation noise processed and multipath influence, and improve GNSS deformation monitorings precision and reliability.
Description
Technical field
It is received the invention belongs to survey field and deformation monitoring field more particularly to GNSS receiver array and based on GNSS
The high-precision deformation monitoring method of machine array.
Background technology
Currently, GNSS receiver carry out high-precision deformation monitoring technology can round-the-clock, all the period of time, obtain in real time it is specified
Point high sampling rate, high-precision deflection, thus are widely used, and typical application includes bridge dynamic monitoring, big
Multiple deformation monitoring fields such as dam deformation monitoring, slope monitoring, pit retaining monitoring, high-rise deformation monitoring.With other deformations
Monitoring means is compared, and GNSS deformation monitorings have the characteristics that at low cost, precision is high, laying is convenient, can continuously monitor.Due to GNSS
The usual displacement very little in monitoring point, and monitoring accuracy reaches a millimeter rank, usually mainly utilizes GNSS carrier phase observation datas
Calculate deflection.
The GNSS system of mainstream at present, such as GPS, Beidou, GLONASS, Galileo, QZSS distance measuring signal concentrate on L
Wave band, corresponding carrier phase wavelength are 20cm or so.The tracking accuracy of phased lock loop is up to 1/100 wave inside receiver
Long, i.e., the accuracy of observation of carrier phase is up to 2mm or so under ideal conditions.However by multipath, atmospheric refraction, thermal noise etc.
The influence of Multiple factors actually measures under obtained carrier phase precision, particularly low clearance corner condition, often below 2mm, very
To up to 1cm-2cm.It is restricted by GNSS carrier phase accuracies of observation, correspondingly the in-plane displancement of GNSS DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEMs
Monitoring accuracy is about 3mm-5mm.Higher application is required for monitoring accuracy, such as extracts faint seismic signal, analysis high level
The wind shake characteristic of building, high-speed railway subgrade sedimentation, bridge structure the deflections such as load deformation supervised in the deformation of 1mm magnitudes
Survey demand, existing GNSS technology for deformation monitoring are difficult to realize, and reason is mainly by receiver loop tracks precision, multichannel
Objective limitation, the monitoring accuracies such as diameter influence are difficult to further be promoted.
Invention content
In order to improve GNSS deformation monitoring precision, the application range of high-precision GNSS deformation monitoring is extended, the present invention proposes
GNSS receiver array and high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array.
A kind of GNSS receiver array, including several GNSS antennas, with several GNSS antennas several GNSS correspondingly
Receiver and a rigid body holder；Several GNSS antennas are both secured on rigid body holder；Each GNSS antenna is distinguished corresponding
GNSS receiver signal connects；Chronometer time synchronizes between several GNSS receivers.
Preferably, the layout of several GNSS antenna positions is：Using a GNSS antenna as primary antenna, other GNSS antennas close
It is symmetrically laid in primary antenna.
Further, the connection cables length between each GNSS antenna and each GNSS receiver is identical.
Further, several GNSS receivers share the external crystal-controlled oscillation of a common source or respective internal crystal oscillator are respectively adopted.
Further, when several GNSS receivers share the external crystal-controlled oscillation of a common source, each GNSS receiver and outside are brilliant
Connection cables length between shaking is identical.
Another GNSS receiver array, including a GNSS antenna, several GNSS receivers and a power splitter；One
GNSS antenna is separately connected several GNSS receivers by a power splitter；Chronometer time synchronizes between several GNSS receivers.
A kind of high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array, the GNSS receiver array are one kind
GNSS receiver array；The high-precision deformation monitoring method, includes at least：
Rigid body holder is fixed on monitoring point；
Several GNSS receivers independently extract deflection according to respective observation；
Each deflection independently extracted is weighted averagely, final deflection is obtained.
High-precision deformation monitoring method of the another kind based on GNSS receiver array, the GNSS receiver array are first
Kind GNSS receiver array；The high-precision deformation monitoring method is used for the array acceptor of loose coupling, includes at least：
Rigid body holder is fixed on monitoring point；
Select a GNSS antenna as primary antenna, other GNSS antennas are used as from antenna；
According to primary antenna with from the opposite geometry site of antenna, the GNSS receiver corresponding to the antenna is received
Observation is by changing of geometric distance between star of standing at primary antenna；
Utilize the actual observed value of the observation and primary antenna of GNSS deformation monitoring algorithm changing of Combined Calculation to primary antenna.
Another high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array, the GNSS receiver array are first
Kind GNSS receiver array；The high-precision deformation monitoring method is used for the array acceptor of tight coupling, includes at least：
Rigid body holder is fixed on monitoring point；
Select a GNSS antenna as primary antenna, other GNSS antennas are used as from antenna；
According to primary antenna with from the opposite geometry site of antenna, the GNSS receiver corresponding to the antenna is received
Observation is arrived by changing of geometric distance between star of standing at primary antenna, poor into list planet between the observation after changing, and obtains changing
Single poor observation between star afterwards；
It is practical using single poor observation and primary antenna between the star of GNSS deformation monitoring algorithm changing of Combined Calculation to primary antenna
Star between single poor observation.
Further, from the observation that GNSS receiver corresponding to antenna receives by stand star between changing of geometric distance to
At primary antenna, specially：
According to the slave antenna of calibration and the phase center of primary antenna and the coordinate of navigation satellite, obtain from antenna and master
The phase center of antenna is to geometric distance between the station star of navigation satellite；
According to from geometric distance between the corresponding station star of antenna and primary antenna, acquisition is several between the station star between antenna and primary antenna
What distance difference；
Using station star between geometric distance difference, by from changing of geometric distance between the station star of antenna to from primary antenna；
Using geometric distance between the station star after changing, changing of observation that the GNSS receiver corresponding to the antenna is received
To at primary antenna.
Further, GNSS deformation monitorings algorithm is three poor methods, single poor method or double difference method between epoch.
Currently, GNSS high-precision deformations monitor the multipath effect and tracking accuracy that main restraining factors are carrier phases
Limitation.Although the level room for promotion tracked from signal capture is limited, the angle handled from GNSS data, GNSS deformation monitorings
Precision be still hopeful further to be promoted.In view of the noise and multipath of carrier loop all show the characteristic of random noise,
Several GNSS antennas are installed on according to certain geometry arrangement on a rigid body holder by the present invention, each GNSS antenna connection one
GNSS receiver.Resolve the deflection of the same monitoring point jointly by the observation of multiple GNSS receivers.In particular, according to
Geometry site between multiple GNSS antenna phase centers, by the observation reduction of several GNSS receivers a to GNSS
At antenna, a virtual GNSS receiver, but observable GNSS observations of the virtual GNSS receiver are formed in this way
Quantity several times higher than single GNSS receiver.By all available GNSS observations Combined Calculation deflections, can effectively inhibit
The influence of observation noise and multipath, and improve GNSS deformation monitorings precision and reliability.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention is as follows：
(1) limit of current GNSS deformation monitorings precision can be broken through, realizes 1mm grades of deformation monitoring precision.It is especially suitable
Close the demand of superhigh precision deformation monitoring.
(2) it in such a way that multiple GNSS antennas receive GNSS signal simultaneously and are uniformly processed, is not only able to weaken reception
The influence of machine internal noise can also weaken the influence of multipath noise, be obviously improved GNSS deformation monitoring precision.
(3) by improving the form of redundancy observation the reliable of deformation monitoring is also improved while improving monitoring accuracy
Property.
(4) compared with the pattern of single-receiver multiple antennas, there are the advantages such as at low cost, complexity is low, technical difficulty is low；Only
It need to use the GNSS receiver product of existing maturation that deformation monitoring performance can be improved.
(5) data processing model is simple, does not need special data processing model processing；It, can to the observation after changing
It is handled using existing Deformation Monitor Data Processing software, is not depended on particular model and algorithm, adaptability is good.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of concrete structure schematic diagram of GNSS receiver array of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of observation changing of geometric distance.
In figure, 1- rigid body holders, 2- navigation satellites, 3- is from antenna, 4- primary antennas.
Specific implementation mode
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention and/or technical solution in the prior art, below originally by control description of the drawings
The specific implementation mode of invention.It should be evident that drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without creative efforts, others are can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Attached drawing, and obtain other embodiments.
It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
In addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below is as long as they do not conflict with each other
It can be combined with each other.
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, GNSS receiver array includes several GNSS antennas, several correspondingly with several GNSS antennas
GNSS receiver and a rigid body holder 1；Several GNSS antennas are both secured on rigid body holder 1, and rigid body holder 1 is fixed on prison
At measuring point；Each GNSS antenna distinguishes corresponding GNSS receiver signal connection；Chronometer time between several GNSS receivers
It is synchronous.When installing GNSS antenna, the relative position between several GNSS antennas is demarcated.In present embodiment, GNSS
Array acceptor includes 5 GNSS antennas and 5 GNSS receivers, and 5 GNSS antennas are denoted as antenna 0, antenna 1, antenna respectively
2,4,5 antenna 3, antenna GNSS receivers are denoted as receiver 0, receiver 1, receiver 2, receiver 3, receiver 4, day respectively
Line 0, antenna 1, antenna 2, antenna 3, antenna 4 are corresponding with receiver 0, receiver 1, receiver 2, receiver 3, receiver 4 respectively
Connection.
Layout no requirement (NR) of the present invention to several GNSS antenna positions, but in view of application and the convenience calculated, GNSS
Antenna desired positions are symmetrical.In present embodiment, the layout of GNSS antenna position is：Centered on antenna 0, antenna 1, day
Line 2, antenna 3, antenna 4 are uniformly distributed around antenna 0 and equal at a distance from antenna 0.
Chronometer time is answered to synchronize between several GNSS receivers in the present invention.To realize that chronometer time synchronizes, can make several
GNSS receiver shares the external crystal-controlled oscillation of a common source, also can make several GNSS receivers that respective internal crystal oscillator be respectively adopted.When
When respective internal crystal oscillator is respectively adopted, several GNSS receivers should also use identical clock correction to adjust model, each to ensure
Chronometer time synchronizes between GNSS receiver.
In view of chronometer time synchronizes, to avoid introducing circuit delay error, between each GNSS antenna and each GNSS receiver
Connection cables (i.e. antenna cables) length answer it is identical；When several GNSS receivers share the external crystal-controlled oscillation of a common source, respectively
Connection cables (i.e. time line synchro cable) length between GNSS receiver and external crystal-controlled oscillation is also answered identical.
For the purpose of the present invention, the GNSS receiver of composition GNSS receiver array is not limited to measurement type Multi-frequency point receiver,
Or inexpensive single-frequency point receiver.GNSS receiver support navigation system including but not limited to GPS, GLONASS,
Beidou, Galileo, QZSS and low rail navigation enhancing satellite system.GNSS receiver can only support a certain constellation signals,
Also more constellation joint observations can be supported.The external crystal-controlled oscillation of common source is not limited to the atomic clock of high stability, can also be carry or
Without the high stability crystal oscillator or temperature compensating crystal oscillator of taming function.
Using GNSS receiver array realize high-precision deformation monitoring method at least there are two types of, first method is：Respectively
GNSS receiver completes alone deflection extraction respectively according to respective observation；Then to the change of each GNSS receiver extraction
Shape amount be weighted it is average, to improve the precision and reliability of monitoring, the deflection of deflection after weighted average, that is, final.When
Each GNSS receiver is identical with each GNSS antenna model in GNSS receiver array, then the power mode such as suggests using calculate average
Value；Otherwise, empirically determined weights.Each GNSS receiver extracts alone the known technology that deflection belongs to the art,
Details are not described herein.
Second method is：Select a GNSS antenna as primary antenna, by the observation of each GNSS receiver through geometry away from
At changing to primary antenna, a virtual GNSS receiver is formed；Using the virtual GNSS receiver to all observations into
Row is unified to be resolved, to extract deflection.The core concept of second method is：The observation of several GNSS receivers is merged into
The observation of one virtual GNSS receiver, to double up available observation quantity, and observation is from different
GNSS antenna, by carrying out Combined Treatment to the GNSS observations from different GNSS antennas, to inhibit multipath noise and connect
Receipts machine noise, to improve the monitoring accuracy and reliability of deflection.
The specific implementation process of second method will be illustrated below.
The observational equation of GNSS system is as follows：
In formula (1)：
PiAnd LiThe Pseudo-range Observations and carrier phase observation data of i-th of frequency point are indicated respectively, wherein carrier phase is observed
Value LiIt is expressed as the form of distance；
ρ and δorbGeometric distance and satellite orbital error between the star of expression station respectively；
δtsWith δ trSatellite end clock correction and receiver end clock correction are indicated respectively；
T and IiThe ionosphere delay error of tropospheric delay and i-th of frequency point is indicated respectively；
Br,iAnd Bs,iIndicate that the relevant hardware deviation of receiver end and the relevant hardware of satellite end are inclined under i-th of frequency point respectively
Difference；
br,iAnd bs,iIndicate that the relevant original carrier phase deviation of receiver end is related to satellite end under i-th of frequency point respectively
Original carrier phase deviation；
λiIndicate the wavelength of i-th of frequency point；
NiIndicate the carrier phase ambiguity of i-th of frequency point；
MPiIndicate the Multipath Errors of i-th of frequency point；
∈ indicates receiver noise.
For GNSS receiver variant in GNSS receiver array, the error and propagation path of satellite end are relevant
Error be believed that it is completely the same, different GNSS receiver observations difference lies in station star between geometric distance ρ and receiver end it is inclined
Difference, the receiver end deviation include receiver end clock correction δ tr, the relevant hardware deviation B of receiver endr,iWith receiver end phase
The original carrier phase deviation b of passr,i.Hardware deviation Br,iChange very slow, original carrier phase deviation br,iSatellite-signal connects
It does not change in the segmental arc of continuous tracking, thus can be eliminated by the method for difference between epoch.Need the part of specially treated
Only include geometric distance ρ and receiver end clock correction δ t between standing starr。
Geometric distance ρ is inconsistent between the station star of variant GNSS antenna is corrected using model shown in Fig. 2.See figure
Shown in 2, B will be denoted as from 3 phase center of antenna, 4 phase center of primary antenna is denoted as A, from the phase center of antenna 3 and primary antenna 4
Position can be demarcated in advance.Given t moment, the coordinate of navigation satellite 2 can be calculated by broadcast ephemeris, then can calculate separately t moment
Under from the phase center of antenna 3 and primary antenna 4 to geometric distance the station star of navigation satellite 2, be denoted as ρ respectivelyAAnd ρB.Correspondingly,
According to ρAAnd ρBGeometric distance difference d ρ between the station star between antenna 3 and primary antenna 4 can be calculatedBA：
dρBA=ρB-ρA (2)
Correspondingly, geometric distance difference d ρ between the star of station are utilizedBA, by the station star from the changing of observation of antenna 3 to primary antenna 4
Between geometric distance be represented by：
In formula (3),Expression passes through ρBGeometric distance between the phantom station star of the primary antenna 4 obtained after changing.
Similarly, changing of geometric distance is carried out from antenna to other using same procedure.
In the present invention, arbitrarily a GNSS antenna can be selected as primary antenna from several GNSS antennas, other GNSS antennas are
For from antenna.To keep calculating easier, a kind of preferred embodiment is：Select the GNSS for being located at geometric center in GNSS receiver array
Antenna is as primary antenna.
Premise using changing of geometric distance method set forth above is：Assuming that the time synchronization between each GNSS receiver is missed
Difference is less than 200ns.Since satellite is in high-speed motion state, when the GNSS receiver time is there are when significantly different step, then cannot
Think that primary antenna synchronizes observation with from antenna, corresponding satellite position can not be considered as identical, thus cannot use above-mentioned
Geometric distance changing method.
Since GNSS antenna is fixed at monitoring point, there may be certain displacements for monitoring point, but due to primary antenna with from
The relative position of antenna is fixed, thus the movement of monitoring point is adjusted the distance changing amount d ρBAInfluence it is negligible.
The receiver end clock correction δ t of different GNSS receiversrChanging strategy includes two kinds, when several GNSS receivers share
When the external crystal-controlled oscillation of one common source, using the first changing strategy；When several GNSS receivers do not share a common source external crystal-controlled oscillation,
Using second of changing strategy.
(1) the first changing strategy：
Different GNSS receivers use the external crystal-controlled oscillation of common source, this mode to be known as the loose coupling of array acceptor.
Under loose coupling, it is believed that multiple GNSS receivers are constituted a large-scale virtual GNSS receiver, this is virtual
The port number that GNSS receiver is supported is equal to the summation of all GNSS receiver port numbers.It should be noted that realizing that virtual GNSS is received
The premise of machine is that antenna cables and time synchronization length of cable are equal.In this case, each GNSS receiver receives signal
Receiver end clock correction all same, thus geometric distance between executing station star is only needed to correct, considers receiver end clock without additional
Changing of difference.Correspondingly, the virtual GNSS receiver observation after changing indicates as follows：
In formula (4)：
WithPseudo-range Observations and carrier phase observation data to from primary antenna from changing of antenna are indicated respectively；
PB,iAnd LB,iThe Pseudo-range Observations and carrier phase observation data from i-th of frequency point of antenna are indicated respectively；
dρBAGeometric distance difference between station star of the expression between antenna and primary antenna.
(2) second of changing strategy：
Different GNSS receivers do not share the external crystal-controlled oscillation of a common source, and this mode is known as the loose coupling mould of array acceptor
Formula.Under tight coupling, the clock correction of different GNSS receivers is different, thus needs the same of between carrying out station star changing of geometric distance
When changing is carried out to receiver end clock correction.It is estimated by the demand of 1mm monitoring accuracies, then timing tracking accuracy needs reach
Picosecond magnitude at present still without so high-precision time synchronization means, therefore can pass through first difference cancellation receiver between star
Clock correction item is held, to realize high-precision time synchronization.Into between planet it is single it is poor after carry out changing of geometric distance between the star of station again, you can reality
Now the changing of observation from antenna to primary antenna.
Specific changing method can be expressed as：
In formula (5)：
▽ () indicates single poor operator between star；
M, n indicates single two poor satellites between participation star, wherein n indicates reference star；
It indicates from single poor Pseudo-range Observations between the star under i-th of frequency point of antenna；
It indicates from single poor carrier phase observation data between the star under i-th of frequency point of antenna；
Geometric distance difference between the expression corresponding station stars between antenna and primary antenna of satellite m；
Geometric distance difference between the expression corresponding station stars between antenna and primary antenna of satellite n；
WithIndicate that singly list is poor between poor Pseudo-range Observations and star the star from changing of antenna to from primary antenna respectively
Carrier phase observation data；Changing single poor observation can be carried out to single poor observation between the star of primary antenna between the actual star of primary antenna
Combined Calculation.
It is above-mentioned, it is single poor between single poor finger satellite m and reference star n between star.
When GNSS receiver uses the external crystal-controlled oscillation of common source, the changing observation of non-poor form can be constructed, sees formula (4), and
Without using common source external crystal-controlled oscillation when, be only capable of recovering the changing observation of single poor form between star, see formula (5).Non- difference form
Changing observation can further obtain the changing observation of single poor form between star by way of difference between satellites.
It should be noted that although tight coupling need not carry out stringent time synchronization, it is contemplated that satellite position is in master
It is identical it is assumed that still should ensure that the time synchronization error of two receivers was less than for 200 nanoseconds that the moment is observed from antenna.For common
GNSS receiver, as long as opening ' clock steering ' patterns, you can obtain the timing tracking accuracy better than 100 nanoseconds.But
It is the Wu Fabao if when GNSS receiver runs up to 1 millisecond using receiver end clock correction or 1 microsecond is adjusted again strategy
Demonstrate,prove the timing tracking accuracy of 200 nanoseconds.
After changing of geometric distance and/or receiver end changing of clock correction being carried out to observation, you can obtain mass efficient
GNSS observes data.Existing deformation monitoring algorithm at present can be used in subsequent deformation monitoring algorithm.The method of the present invention does not depend on
Specific mathematical model and algorithm.For ease of understanding, a kind of mathematical model of GNSS high-precisions deformation monitoring is explained below, answers
Note that mathematical model explained below is only one of the mathematical model of Deformation Monitoring Data processing, deformation of the present invention
The applicable mathematical model of monitoring system includes but not limited to as described below three poor observation models.
GNSS high-precisions deformation monitoring is as follows usually using three poor observation models：
In formula (6)：
Double difference arithmetic operation accords between Δ ▽ () indicates star, on the basis of double difference arithmetic operation refers to single poor between station between star again
List is poor between doing a secondary star；
D Δ ▽ () indicate to carry out difference, i.e. three difference operation operators to double difference observation in time-domain；
PtAnd Pt-1The Pseudo-range Observations under adjacent epoch t and t-1 are indicated respectively；
LtAnd Lt-1The carrier phase observation data under adjacent epoch t and t-1 is indicated respectively；
Mp indicates Multipath Errors
∈ indicates receiver noise.
In order to which formula is succinct, formula (6) does not repartition the frequency point of observation.
In view of the distance between the reference station of Deformation Control Net and monitoring station are usually relatively close, it is believed that double difference observation is complete
It totally disappeared in addition to atmosphere errors.Within a certain period of time, carrier phase ambiguity can be considered constant, thus three poor observations can also be eliminated
Carrier phase ambiguity parameter, surplus are deflection, Multipath Errors and the receiver noise of three differences.The deflection of three differences
It may be interpreted as variable quantity of the relative displacement between monitoring station and reference station in time-domain.Assuming that referenced stations position is motionless,
The three poor deflections so acquired are inflection curves of the monitoring point in time-domain.Construct the observation for deformation monitoring
Afterwards, it needs to pre-process data, including cycle slip monitoring and Detection of Gross Errors.Then least square method or Kalman is used to filter
Wave method carries out deformation quantity parameter Estimation.
Although difference operation can eliminate the influence of systemic noise well, first difference, corresponding observation are often carried out
The noise variance of value can amplify 2 times.In view of correlation of the observation noise in time-domain, the variance of three poor observations is about
4~8 times of raw observation, thus the receiver noise of three poor observations and multipath noise are limitation deformation monitoring precision
Main restricting factor.Virtual large-scale receiver is formed in the form of array acceptor, can double up available observation
Number, effectively inhibits observation noise.
In addition to the GNSS receiver array of aforementioned multiple antennas multi-receiver pattern, single antenna multi-receiver mould can also be used
Formula, it only includes a GNSS antenna that the single antenna multi-receiver pattern, which refers to, which is separately connected by a power splitter
More GNSS receivers.Present invention preferably employs the GNSS receiver arrays of multiple antennas multi-receiver pattern, because of difference GNSS
The multipath random noise of antenna is different, carries out Combined Calculation to the corresponding observation of different GNSS antennas, can not only weaken and connect
The influence of receipts machine noise, can also offset the influence of part multipath noise.Another of GNSS receiver array of the present invention
It is achieved in that, the radiofrequency signal of a GNSS antenna is assigned to multiple GNSS receivers using power splitter synchronizes tracking.It should
Mode can also double up observation quantity, and without doing changing of geometric distance, and mesh can be reached by only handling clock correction parameter
's.But which is only capable of weakening the influence of receiver internal noise, the radiofrequency signal that same GNSS antenna receives is assigned to respectively
After GNSS receiver, the multi-path component in signal can not pass through the multiple receptions of joint to all receiver all sames
The form of machine processing weakens or eliminates Multipath Errors.Multipath noise as restrict carrier phase monitoring accuracy it is main because
It is more crucial to improving monitoring accuracy to weaken its influence for element.The scheme of single antenna multi-receiver is also technically feasible program,
But it is to the promotion effect of monitoring accuracy by the scheme not as good as multi-antenna array from principle.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to be given an example to patent spirit of the present invention.Patent institute of the present invention
Belonging to those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or using similar
Mode substitute, but without departing from the spirit or beyond the scope defined by the appended claims of patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1.GNSS array acceptors, it is characterized in that：
Including several GNSS antennas, with several GNSS antennas several GNSS receivers and a rigid body holder correspondingly；
Several GNSS antennas are both secured on rigid body holder；Each GNSS antenna is distinguished corresponding GNSS receiver signal and is connected
It connects；Chronometer time synchronizes between several GNSS receivers.
2. GNSS receiver array as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The layout of several GNSS antenna positions is：Using a GNSS antenna as primary antenna, other GNSS antennas are symmetrical about primary antenna
It lays.
3. GNSS receiver array as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Several GNSS receivers share the external crystal-controlled oscillation of a common source or respective internal crystal oscillator are respectively adopted.
4. GNSS receiver array as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that：
When several GNSS receivers share the external crystal-controlled oscillation of a common source, the connection cables between each GNSS receiver and external crystal-controlled oscillation
Length is identical.
5.GNSS array acceptors, it is characterized in that：
Including a GNSS antenna, several GNSS receivers and a power splitter；
One GNSS antenna is separately connected several GNSS receivers by a power splitter；
Chronometer time synchronizes between several GNSS receivers.
6. the high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array, it is characterized in that：
The GNSS receiver array is GNSS receiver array according to any one of claims 1 to 5；
The high-precision deformation monitoring method, includes at least：
Rigid body holder is fixed on monitoring point；
Several GNSS receivers independently extract deflection according to respective observation；
Each deflection independently extracted is weighted averagely, final deflection is obtained.
7. the high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array, it is characterized in that：
The GNSS receiver array is GNSS receiver array according to any one of claims 1 to 5；
When array acceptor is loose coupling, the loose coupling refers to the outside that several GNSS receivers share a common source
Crystal oscillator, the high-precision deformation monitoring method, includes at least：
Rigid body holder is fixed on monitoring point；
Select a GNSS antenna as primary antenna, other GNSS antennas are used as from antenna；
According to primary antenna and observation that from the opposite geometry site of antenna, the GNSS receiver corresponding to the antenna is received
Value is by changing of geometric distance between star of standing at primary antenna；
Utilize the actual observed value of the observation and primary antenna of GNSS deformation monitoring algorithm changing of Combined Calculation to primary antenna.
8. the high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array, it is characterized in that：
The GNSS receiver array is GNSS receiver array according to any one of claims 1 to 5；
When array acceptor is tight coupling, the tight coupling refers to several GNSS receivers and is respectively adopted in respective
Portion's crystal oscillator, the high-precision deformation monitoring method, includes at least：
Rigid body holder is fixed on monitoring point；
Select a GNSS antenna as primary antenna, other GNSS antennas are used as from antenna；
According to primary antenna and observation that from the opposite geometry site of antenna, the GNSS receiver corresponding to the antenna is received
Value is arrived by changing of geometric distance between star of standing at primary antenna, poor into list planet between the observation after changing, after obtaining changing
Single poor observation between star；
Utilize single poor observation and the actual star of primary antenna between the star of GNSS deformation monitoring algorithm changing of Combined Calculation to primary antenna
Between single poor observation.
9. the high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array as claimed in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that：
The observation received from GNSS receiver corresponding to antenna by stand star between changing of geometric distance to from primary antenna,
Specially：
According to the slave antenna of calibration and the phase center of primary antenna and the coordinate of navigation satellite, obtain from antenna and primary antenna
Phase center to geometric distance between the station star of navigation satellite；
According to from geometric distance between the corresponding station star of antenna and primary antenna, obtain between the station star between antenna and primary antenna geometry away from
Deviation value；
Using station star between geometric distance difference, by from changing of geometric distance between the station star of antenna to from primary antenna；
It, will be from the changing of observation that GNSS receiver corresponding to antenna receives to master using geometric distance between the station star after changing
At antenna.
10. the high-precision deformation monitoring method based on GNSS receiver array as claimed in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that：
The GNSS deformation monitorings algorithm is three poor methods, single poor method or double difference method between epoch.
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