CN108612037A - A kind of method and its system determining river bed reference elevation based on big cross section measurement data - Google Patents
A kind of method and its system determining river bed reference elevation based on big cross section measurement data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods and its system determining river bed reference elevation based on big cross section measurement data, including step：In conjunction with the big cross section data model that Database is unified；Formulate big cross section data measurement reference format and data structure specification；Whether verification big cross section data measurement meets the requirements and specification；River bed reference elevation is calculated according to satisfactory big cross section data；River bed dispersed elevation, the characteristic index of river bed width, river bed area, river bed dispersed elevation change rate and river bed area change rate are calculated on the basis of reference elevation in river bed.The present invention utilizes river big cross section measurement data, is based on inflection point recognizer, and carrying out automation to river bed reference elevation calculates identification, reduces the inconsistency and randomness that manual operation is brought；Ensure the accuracy that the characteristic values such as river bed dispersed elevation, average river bed width calculate, eliminates the non-river bed characteristic value that non-category river bed part bed elevation section participation is calculated and the influence for desalinating river bed Scour and Accretion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to silt technical field of data processing, and in particular to one kind determining river bed based on big cross section measurement data
The method and its system of reference elevation.
Background technology
The determination of section river bed reference elevation is significant for the Scour and Accretion of analysis reservoir range over time,
The river bed dispersed elevation of each section can be directly calculated according to big cross section measurement data and section river bed reference elevation.It has two
The meaning of a aspect：On the one hand directly reflect the Scour and Accretion of the section, another party by the time change of river bed dispersed elevation
Face section river bed reference elevation is the division limits in Reservoir region bedding silt variation elevation region, in the above reservoir area mud of this elevation
Husky Scour and Accretion unobvious, fracture morphology is also basicly stable, and silt caused by by Reservoir Regulation tune sand is transported below this elevation
Dynamic to influence, fracture morphology variation is more violent.Indirectly by the determination of river bed reference elevation, it is different that Reservoir region silt can be grasped
The elevation range of density current movement.
In attached drawing 1：
HThe water surfaceIndicate section water level；
WThe water surfaceIndicate HThe water surfaceRiver width under corresponding water level；
HRiver bed is averageIndicate section river bed dispersed elevation；
HCross-section average depthExpression section water level is HThe water surfaceIn the case of, the mean depth of section；
HRiver bed benchmarkIndicate that profile recognition is the line of demarcation elevation of river bed, the section part under this elevation is known as section river
Bottom；
HSection is minimumThe lowest elevation for indicating section, to measure the lowest elevation point of big cross section；
WRiver bed benchmarkIndicate river width corresponding under the reference elevation of river bed.
Conventional method calculates section river bed dispersed elevation and using water level subtracts the mode of cross-section average depth to determine,
Schematic diagram as above, calculation formula are as follows：
HCross-section average depth=AREAThe water surface/WThe water surface (2)
HRiver bed benchmark=HThe water surface-HCross-section average depth (3)
HRiver bed mean depth=AREARiver bed benchmark/WRiver bed benchmark (5)
HRiver bed is average=HRiver bed benchmark-HRiver bed mean depth (6)
Traditional river bed dispersed elevation computational methods have certain unstability, are fluctuated with SEA LEVEL VARIATION, and it is suitable to determine
Water level be calculated as key, and in fact determine that the suitable water level that calculates is a lack of theoretical foundation, and river bed benchmark
Elevation determines there is certain property followed, scouring and silting in reservoir river cross-section exists build library before form quality harder section and water storage
Deposit the siltation band to be formed for section bottom afterwards, deposits and is easy to form section variation inflection point between band and original hard bottom section, can
The qualitative boundary inflection point between siltation band and original hard bottom section.
The sedimentation formation of reservoir range silt for many years is in horizontal accumulation trend, the bank slope Scour and Accretions of section two sides compared with
Small, Scour and Accretion is concentrated mainly on river bed region, and river bed region has apparent turnover flex point with original bank slope.It therefore can
The inflection point of big cross section will be found as the key factor for determining river bed reference elevation.It is above-mentioned in this way in addition to formula (3), others meter
Calculation remains establishment.
There are two types of the modes for determining big cross section inflection point：One is by artificial observation, as can be looked for experience in attached drawing 2
Go out the inflection point of big cross section：
With empirical method find inflection point there are one bigger problem be big cross section be difficult often be regular, it may appear that it is more
Inflection point (such as attached drawing 2), need artificially that rule of thumb to further confirm which inflection point as river bed reference elevation be proper
, it does so and brings uncertainty to the identification of river bed reference elevation.
Invention content
To solve deficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind and determining that river bed benchmark is high based on big cross section measurement data
The method and its system of journey solve and confirm that the uncertainty brought is asked by artificial experience progress river bed reference elevation at present
Topic.
In order to realize that above-mentioned target, the present invention adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method determining river bed reference elevation based on big cross section measurement data of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1) the big cross section data model for combining Database unified, structure region, basin, river or the big of reservoir are broken
Planar survey data back system；
2) big cross section data measurement is imported according to the big cross section data model, formulates big cross section data measurement
Reference format and data structure specification；
3) verify whether the big cross section data measurement meets the requirements and specification, inspection big cross section data whether there is
Start point distance repeats, measures elevation deficiency；
4) river bed reference elevation is calculated according to satisfactory big cross section data：The identification needs of river bed reference elevation will be big
Profileometry data is converted into elevation~curve of areas, elevation~river width curve, elevation~wetted perimeter curve and elevation~average water
Then deep curve uses inflection point recognizer to calculate river bed reference elevation；
5) river bed dispersed elevation, river bed width, river bed area, river bed mean height are calculated on the basis of the reference elevation of river bed
The characteristic index of journey change rate and river bed area change rate.
In step 1), the big cross section data model includes that big cross section surveys time Definition Model, big cross section information model, breaks greatly
Planar survey Process data model；
The big cross section surveys time Definition Model, including surveys time title, surveys time time, date created and description 4, surveys time title
Unique mark for certain one-shot measurement for defining progress surveys time time expression and measures the time for arranging data, creation time table
Registration describes to measure the information for needing to illustrate prompt for recording this time according to the time of import system；
The big cross section information model, including survey time title, section coding, measure the date, depth measurement tool, water level and whether
Elevation is insufficient, and section coding is the unique index coding for identifying some section, and it is the big cross section information measurement to measure the date
Time, depth measurement tool indicate what the big cross section data were measured using what instrument, water level when water level indicates to measure, if
Whether the section has measured the elevation of peak level or more when elevation deficiency indicates to measure；
The big cross section measurement process data model, including survey time title, section code, start point distance, bed level of the river, explanation
Information and whether borrow, start point distance indicates the air line distance of the 0 start point distance position of measurement point distance on section, and it is singly to use rice
Position, bed level of the river indicate the corresponding landform altitude in start point distance position river bed, illustrate information for recording this measured value needs
The prompt message of explanation, if borrow for identify the data point be derived from practical measurements still from adjacent to survey it is secondary in borrow
Data；
Based on above 3 data Definition Models, the topology expression of structure big cross section data model.
In step 2), each big cross section data measurement includes section title, affiliated survey time, testing date, depth measurement work
Tool, water level, start point distance and elevation when measurement, the result are measured by big cross section units of measurement and are obtained；
There are many data format and data structures for the big cross section data measurement.
In step 3), the specific method of calibration of big cross section data measurement is：
By start point distance according to sorting from small to large, then whether the previous start point distance of sequential search is deposited with the latter start point distance
In equal situation；Big cross section elevation needs to be divided into left bank with the presence or absence of deficiency and right bank is judged, will carry out start point distance weight
Big cross section data that treated again, find its lowest elevation position numerical point, this pervious data sequence of numerical value start point distance are determined
Justice be left bank, the later data sequence of this start point distance is defined as right bank, give a highest height value, judge respectively left bank with
Whether the highest elevation of right bank is more than or equal to this highest height value, if left bank and right bank judging result are all false, indicates not
There are elevation deficiencies, if left bank or right bank are true, indicate that the section has elevation deficiency, need further core
The case where real section survey.
In step 4), specifically steps are as follows for calculating for the river bed reference elevation：
41) elevation~curve of areas, elevation~river width curve, height are calculated according to start point distance~elevation big cross section measurement data
Journey~wetted perimeter curve and elevation~mean depth curve；
42) elevation is established to 4 kinds of curves of step 41) respectively and the function of area, river width, wetted perimeter and mean depth closes
System, the functional relation are expressed with following relationship：
A=fA(H), H indicates elevation, fA(H) indicate that elevation~area function relationship, A indicate area；
W=fW(H), fW(H) indicate that elevation~river width functional relation, W indicate river width；
C=fC(H), fC(H) indicate that elevation~wetted perimeter functional relation, C indicate wetted perimeter；
Indicate elevation~mean depth functional relation, DAVGIndicate wetted perimeter；
First derivation and second order derivation are carried out to above 4 kinds of functional relations respectively, find out respectively their first derivative and
The inflection point value sequence of second dervative, it is as follows respectively：
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~area function relationship is [(Hm,fA'(Hm))], second dervative knee value
Sequence is [(Hn,fA”(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~river width functional relation is [(Hm,fW'(Hm))], second dervative knee value
Sequence is [(Hn,fW”(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~wetted perimeter functional relation is [(Hm,fC'(Hm))], second dervative knee value
Sequence is [(Hn,fC”(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~mean depth functional relation isSecond order
Derivative inflection point value sequence is
Then respectively to the first derivation inflection point sequence of 4 groups of functional relations and second order derivation inflection point sequence according to elevation from big
To small Bit-reversed；
43) judge whether the elevation of the 0th first derivative inflection point collection of 4 groups of curves is equal, if equal, it is determined that the elevation
HmFor river bed reference elevation, calculates and judge to terminate；Otherwise continue the 44) step；
44) judge whether the elevation of the 0th second dervative inflection point collection of 4 groups of curves is equal, if equal, it is determined that the elevation
HnFor river bed reference elevation, calculates and judge to terminate；Otherwise continue the 45) step；
45) first derivative of 4 groups of curves absolute value weighted average is carried out to correspond to maximum value if there is maximum value
Elevation HnFor river bed reference elevation, otherwise it is maximized and the difference of second largest value is less than allowable error as basis for estimation, take height
The small value of journey is as river bed reference elevation.
A kind of system that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data of the present invention, including：
Data model module, the data object for being defined and being stored according to database establish data model；
It surveys time profile data and imports management module, according to the standardized data formats and data structure of definition, realize section
The importing of data, while during importing consistency check, section iterative testing, starting point are carried out to surveying time profile data
Away from rechecking and it whether there is elevation deficiency inspection, while containing representated by corresponding symbol in translation criteria data format
Justice, and realize dynamic management of the symbol with corresponding meaning, finally by the profile data of importing using the data model module into
Row displaying, and the data of importing are carried out to be stored into database；
River bed reference elevation computing module breaks according to the survey time for surveying secondary profile data importing management module importing storage
Face data is realized in same survey time the automatic river bed reference elevation of section one by one and is joined with the relevant characteristic value of river bed reference elevation
Several calculating, and calculating achievement is stored into database；
Output is surveyed secondary according to the calculating achievement of the river bed reference elevation computing module with calculating achievement generation module
The characteristic value report of cross sections, and according to the calculating achievement of river bed reference elevation, select the profile data of multiple surveys time, output
Cut surface character value trend chart, and generate the Scour and Accretion situation report of cross sections at any time.
Above-mentioned data model module includes between the definition of section essential information, the definition of river essential information, section and river
The definition of relationship, the definition of survey time information, survey time between the definition of relationship, river and reservoir between contextual definition, river and river
Section information defines and surveys time section process data definition, builds the relationship topology between a section information.
Above-mentioned river bed reference elevation computing module realize it is same in surveying time one by one the automatic river bed reference elevation of section and with
The calculating of the relevant feature value parameter of river bed reference elevation.
Features described above value parameter includes river bed width, river bed area, river bed dispersed elevation change rate and river bed area change
Rate.
The advantageous effect that the present invention is reached：The present invention establishes determining river bed benchmark from basin reservoir deposits management view
The method and system of elevation, it is proposed that based on the method that the river bed reference elevation of inflection point identification determines, compared with existing method, it should
Method can fast automatic effective determining river bed reference elevation, avoid the non-river bed position elevation segment data of big cross section and participate in river
Bottom cut surface character value calculates, the problem of causing result of calculation that cannot reflect truth.Effectively increase silt section erosion and deposition point
The consistency that the accuracy and numerical value of analysis compare improves the efficiency of reservoir river load erosion and deposition management.The present invention supports multiple
Big cross section measurement data is automatically imported, the automatic computing function of data, effectively reduces sediment analysis staff to each river
The labor workload that the river bed reference elevation of section is confirmed improves the working efficiency of sandy watershed and reservoir staff,
It improves basin and water reservoir management is horizontal.
Description of the drawings
The reservoir areas Fig. 1 river cross-section characteristic level of water schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 big cross section inflection point schematic diagrames；
Fig. 3 is the section configuration schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that the big cross section survey data of the present invention calculates Eigenvalues analysis figure；
Fig. 5 is that the river bed reference elevation of the present invention determines flow diagram；
Fig. 6 (a) be the present invention there are elevation~river width~area~wetted perimeter~mean depth relational graphs of apparent inflection point
(for 4 section of the Yellow River)；
Fig. 6 (b) be the present invention there are elevation~river width~area~wetted perimeter~mean depth relational graphs of apparent inflection point
(for 5 section of the Yellow River)；
Fig. 7 (a) be the present invention there is no the start point distance of apparent inflection point~elevation relational graph (by taking 1 section of the Yellow River as an example)；
Fig. 7 (b) be the present invention there is no elevation~river width~area~wetted perimeter~mean depth relationships of apparent inflection point
Scheme (by taking 1 section of the Yellow River as an example).
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of method determining river bed reference elevation based on big cross section measurement data of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1) the big cross section data model for combining Database unified, big cross section data model include that big cross section surveys time definition
Model, big cross section information model, big cross section measurement process data model build the big of region, basin, river or reservoir jointly
Profileometry data storage system；
2) big cross section data measurement is imported according to data model structure, big cross section data measurement can there are many numbers
According to format and data structure, big cross section data measurement reference format and data structure specification are formulated；
3) whether verification big cross section measurement data meets the requirements and specification, inspection big cross section data whether there is start point distance weight
Multiple, measurement elevation deficiency etc., by start point distance according to sorting from small to large, then the previous start point distance of sequential search rises with the latter
Point is away from the presence or absence of equal situation；Big cross section elevation needs to be divided into left bank with the presence or absence of deficiency and right bank is judged, will be into
Beginning-of-line finds its lowest elevation position numerical point away from the big cross section data after reprocessing, this numerical value start point distance is pervious
Data sequence is defined as left bank, and the later data sequence of this start point distance is defined as right bank, gives a larger highest elevation
Value, judges whether the highest elevation of left bank and right bank is more than or equal to this highest height value respectively, if left bank and right bank judge knot
Fruit is all false, is indicated there is no elevation is insufficient, and the section is indicated there are elevations insufficient if left bank or right bank are true
Situation, the case where needing further to verify section survey；
4) identification river bed reference elevation is calculated according to satisfactory big cross section data, the identification of river bed reference elevation needs
Convert big cross section measurement data to elevation~curve of areas, elevation~river width curve, elevation~wetted perimeter curve and elevation~flat
Then equal bathymetric curves use inflection point recognizer to calculate river bed reference elevation；
5) river bed dispersed elevation, river bed width, river bed area, river bed mean height are calculated on the basis of the reference elevation of river bed
The characteristic indexs such as journey change rate and river bed area change rate.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 4), specific steps include：
1) elevation~curve of areas, elevation~river width curve, height are calculated according to start point distance~elevation big cross section measurement data
Journey~wetted perimeter curve and elevation~mean depth curve；
42) elevation is established to 4 kinds of curves of step 41) respectively and the function of area, river width, wetted perimeter and mean depth closes
System, the functional relation are expressed with following relationship：
A=fA(H), H indicates elevation, fA(H) indicate that elevation~area function relationship, A indicate area；
W=fW(H), fW(H) indicate that elevation~river width functional relation, W indicate river width；
C=fC(H), fC(H) indicate that elevation~wetted perimeter functional relation, C indicate wetted perimeter；
Indicate elevation~mean depth functional relation, DAVGIndicate wetted perimeter；
First derivation and second order derivation are carried out to above 4 kinds of functional relations respectively, find out respectively their first derivative and
The inflection point value sequence of second dervative, it is as follows respectively：
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~area function relationship is [(Hm,fA'(Hm))], second dervative knee value
Sequence is [(Hn,fA”(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~river width functional relation is [(Hm,fW'(Hm))], second dervative knee value
Sequence is [(Hn,fW”(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~wetted perimeter functional relation is [(Hm,fC'(Hm))], second dervative knee value
Sequence is [(Hn,fC”(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~mean depth functional relation isSecond order
Derivative inflection point value sequence is
Then respectively to the first derivation inflection point sequence of 4 groups of functional relations and second order derivation inflection point sequence according to elevation from big
To small Bit-reversed；
43) judge whether the elevation of the 0th first derivative inflection point collection of 4 groups of curves is equal, if equal, it is determined that the elevation
HmFor river bed reference elevation, calculates and judge to terminate；Otherwise continue the 44) step；
44) judge whether the elevation of the 0th second dervative inflection point collection of 4 groups of curves is equal, if equal, it is determined that the elevation
HnFor river bed reference elevation, calculates and judge to terminate；Otherwise continue the 45) step；
45) first derivative of 4 groups of curves absolute value weighted average is carried out to correspond to maximum value if there is maximum value
Elevation HnFor river bed reference elevation, otherwise it is maximized and the difference of second largest value is less than allowable error as basis for estimation, take height
The small value of journey is as river bed reference elevation.
Meanwhile a kind of system that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data of the invention, including：
1) data model module, the data object for being defined and being stored according to database establish data model, wherein described
Data model includes that section essential information defines, river essential information defines, contextual definition, river and river between section and river
The secondary information of definition, survey of relationship defines between the definition of relationship, river and reservoir between stream, survey time section information defines and survey is secondary
Section process data such as defines at the relationship topology between one section information of structure；
2) it surveys time profile data and imports management module, according to the standardized data formats and data structure of definition, realize disconnected
The importing of face data, while carrying out consistency check to surveying time profile data during importing, section iterative testing, rising
Point, while being capable of corresponding symbol institute in translation criteria data format away from rechecking and with the presence or absence of elevation deficiency inspection etc.
The meaning of representative, and can realize dynamic management of the symbol with corresponding meaning, finally by the profile data of importing using 1) described
Data model structure be shown, and the data of importing are carried out to be stored into database；
3) river bed reference elevation computing module, according to the survey time profile data for 2) importing storage, realize in same survey time by
The automatic river bed reference elevation of a section and with the relevant feature value parameter of river bed reference elevation, as river bed width, river bed area,
The calculating of the characteristic indexs such as river bed dispersed elevation change rate and river bed area change rate, computational methods use to be walked in claim 1
It is rapid 4) described in method, and calculating achievement is stored into database；
4) output is surveyed the characteristic value report of time cross sections by calculating achievement generation module according to the achievement 3) calculated, and
According to the calculating achievement of river bed reference elevation, the profile data of multiple surveys time is selected, exports cut surface character value trend chart, and
Generate the Scour and Accretion situation report of cross sections at any time.
The concrete principle method of the present invention is as follows：
For curve can be expressed as y=f (x) functional relations, the pole of curvilinear function can be determined using first derivation
Value can determine that the inflection point of curvilinear function, big cross section start point distance elevation curve are as above schemed it is found that a little big disconnected using second order derivation
Planar survey curve crenellated phenomena is serious, and directly carrying out solution using curve derivation mode, there are inefficiency, and cannot be effective
Solve true inflection point.And find river bed reference elevation and need while finding out two inflection points in left bank and right bank, increase algorithm
Difficulty.
Big cross section experiment curv is broadly divided into U-shaped, W types, step type and mixed type, such as 3 example of attached drawing.
Big cross section experiment curv does not have apparent tendency rule, we can first be measured big cross section using converting algorithm
Point is converted into monotonically increasing function curve away from~elevation curve.Monotonic increase curve have can convert curve to a dullness
Section carries out derived function, eliminates in this way big cross section measurement start point distance~elevation curve being divided into multiple lists according to extreme point
It adjusts section to be found inflection point one by one, and since there are a large amount of sawtooth to fluctuate point for discrete curve, many may be found out and be not intended to
The inflection point of justice.
Big cross section start point distance~elevation curve be converted into monotonic increase curve mode have it is following several：Elevation~river width is bent
Line, elevation~mean depth curve, elevation~curve of areas and elevation~wetted perimeter curve.River width, area, wetted perimeter, mean depth
Calculating calculating can be overlapped by big cross section survey data, calculating can be divided into following four situation, such as attached drawing 4.
4 big cross section survey data of attached drawing calculates in Eigenvalues analysis figure, it is assumed that when section water level is in H0In the case of, it hangs down
Area between wire size i and i+1 is Ai, the start point distance of vertical line i is DIi, bed level of the river ZBi, the start point distance of vertical line i+1
For DIi+1, bed level of the river ZBi+1, the wetted perimeter between vertical line i and i+1 is Li, the river width between vertical line i and i+1 is RWi,
If RWi>0, corresponding cross-section average depth DEPTHi=Ai/RWi, otherwise DEPTHi=0.
Situation one：If (H0≤ZBiAnd H0≤ZBi+1), then Ai=0, Li=0, RWi=0；
Situation two：If (H0≤ZBiAnd H0＞ ZBi+1), the section line and H between vertical line i and i+1 at this time0Intersection is broken
Upper thread is A with part more than rectangle intersectioni, it is assumed that the coordinate of crosspoint is (x, H0), then following formula should be met：
It can be derived by above-mentioned formula (7)：
According to above-mentioned hypothesis it is found that the area between vertical line i and i+1 is：
Merge with above-mentioned formula (10), the formula of reference area is：
Situation three：If (H0>ZBiAnd H0>ZBi+1), then：
RWi=DIi+1-DIi (15)
Situation four：If (H0＞ ZBiAnd H0≤ZBi+1), derivation and situation two are closely similar, and areal calculation is public
Formula is：
Above-mentioned formula (10) is substituted into wherein,
According to above-mentioned formula can convert big cross section start point distance~elevation curve to elevation respectively with river width, area, wetted perimeter,
The relation curve of mean depth is taken 4 section of the Yellow River to survey within 2017 1 time data and is calculated, relation curve such as attached drawing 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b).
Elevation~river width curve of 5 section of 4 section of the Yellow River and the Yellow River and elevation~wetted perimeter are bent from attached drawing 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b)
There are apparent inflection points for line, and elevation~river width curve and elevation~wetted perimeter curve have monotonic increase within the scope of elevation
Property, inflection point can be directly determined by first derivation, the elevation corresponding to corner position is exactly river bed reference elevation.
4 section of the Yellow River and the Yellow River 5 section, 2 sections are that have non-than more typical U-shaped section and W type sections in section
Often clear inflection point sectional curve data, and actually some data, the curve of calculating have multiple inflection points in one's early years, we can lead to
The mode that inflection point algorithm is found in excessive kind of curve joint derivation scans for, such as 7 sections of attached drawing.
It is mixed type, elevation river width curve, elevation that 1997 1 in attached drawing 7 (a), Fig. 7 (b), which survey time 1 fracture morphology of the Yellow River,
All there are multiple obvious inflection point phenomenons in wetted perimeter curve and elevation mean depth curve, such case simultaneously to three curves into
Then row derived function uses comprehensive weight method, the maximum inflection point of second derivative values is determined, as river bed reference elevation.It is turning
Second dervative numerical value is close takes minimum height value, specific calculation process such as attached drawing 5 for point.
The present invention establishes the measure of determining river bed reference elevation from basin reservoir deposits management view, using automatic identification
The method of section inflection point determines river bed reference elevation, and the empirically method that effectively reduces determines the river that river bed reference elevation is brought
The uncertainty that bottom characteristic value calculates, improves the basin reservoir deposits efficiency of management.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be in the protection domain being defined in the patent claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method determining river bed reference elevation based on big cross section measurement data, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) the big cross section data model for combining Database unified, the big cross section survey in structure region, basin, river or reservoir
Measure data back system；
2) big cross section data measurement is imported according to the big cross section data model, formulates big cross section data measurement standard
Format and data structure specification；
3) verify whether the big cross section data measurement meets the requirements and specification, inspection big cross section data whether there is starting point
It is insufficient away from repeating, measuring elevation；
4) river bed reference elevation is calculated according to satisfactory big cross section data：The identification of river bed reference elevation is needed big cross section
Measurement data is converted into elevation~curve of areas, elevation~river width curve, elevation~wetted perimeter curve and elevation~mean depth is bent
Then line uses inflection point recognizer to calculate river bed reference elevation；
5) river bed dispersed elevation, river bed width, river bed area, river bed dispersed elevation is calculated on the basis of the reference elevation of river bed to become
The characteristic index of rate and river bed area change rate.
2. the method according to claim 1 that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data, it is characterized in that：Step
It is rapid 1) in, the big cross section data model includes that big cross section surveys time Definition Model, big cross section information model, big cross section measurement process
Data model；
The big cross section surveys time Definition Model, including surveys time title, surveys time time, date created and description 4, surveys time title and is used for
The unique mark of certain one-shot measurement carried out is defined, time time expression is surveyed and measures the time for arranging data, creation time indicates number
According to the time of import system, describe to measure the information for needing to illustrate prompt for recording this time；
The big cross section information model, including survey time title, section coding, measure the date, depth measurement tool, water level and whether elevation
Deficiency, section coding are the unique index codings for identifying some section, measure the time that the date is the big cross section information measurement,
Depth measurement tool indicates what the big cross section data were measured using what instrument, water level when water level indicates to measure, if elevation
Whether the section has measured the elevation of peak level or more when deficiency indicates to measure；
The big cross section measurement process data model, including survey time title, section code, start point distance, bed level of the river, illustrate information
Whether borrow, start point distance indicates the air line distance of the 0 start point distance position of measurement point distance on section, uses rice for unit, river
Bottom elevation indicates the corresponding landform altitude in start point distance position river bed, illustrates what information illustrated for recording measured value needs
Prompt message, if borrow and be derived from the number that practical measurement is still borrowed from neighbouring survey time for identifying the data point
According to；
Based on above 3 data Definition Models, the topology expression of structure big cross section data model.
3. the method according to claim 1 that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data, it is characterized in that：Step
It is rapid 2) in, each big cross section data measurement include section title, it is affiliated survey time, testing date, depth measurement tool, water when measurement
Position, start point distance and elevation, the result are measured by big cross section units of measurement and are obtained；
There are many data format and data structures for the big cross section data measurement.
4. the method according to claim 1 that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data, it is characterized in that：Step
It is rapid 3) in, the specific method of calibration of big cross section data measurement is：
By start point distance according to sorting from small to large, then the previous start point distance of sequential search whether there is phase with the latter start point distance
Deng situation；Big cross section elevation needs to be divided into left bank with the presence or absence of deficiency and right bank is judged, will carry out at start point distance repetition
Big cross section data after reason find its lowest elevation position numerical point, this pervious data sequence of numerical value start point distance is defined as
The later data sequence of this start point distance is defined as right bank by left bank, is given a highest height value, is judged left bank and right bank respectively
Highest elevation whether indicate to be not present if left bank and right bank judging result are all false more than or equal to this highest height value
Elevation is insufficient, if left bank or right bank are true, indicates that the section has elevation deficiency, needs further to verify disconnected
The case where planar survey.
5. the method according to claim 1 that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data, it is characterized in that：Step
It is rapid 4) in, the river bed reference elevation specifically calculate steps are as follows：
41) according to start point distance~elevation big cross section measurement data calculate elevation~curve of areas, elevation~river width curve, elevation~
Wetted perimeter curve and elevation~mean depth curve；
42) elevation and area, the functional relation of river width, wetted perimeter and mean depth are established to 4 kinds of curves of step 41) respectively, it should
Functional relation is expressed with following relationship：
A=fA(H), H indicates elevation, fA(H) indicate that elevation~area function relationship, A indicate area；
W=fW(H), fW(H) indicate that elevation~river width functional relation, W indicate river width；
C=fC(H), fC(H) indicate that elevation~wetted perimeter functional relation, C indicate wetted perimeter；
Indicate elevation~mean depth functional relation, DAVGIndicate wetted perimeter；
First derivation and second order derivation are carried out to above 4 kinds of functional relations respectively, find out their first derivative and second order respectively
The inflection point value sequence of derivative, it is as follows respectively：
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~area function relationship is [(Hm,f′A(Hm))], second dervative inflection point value sequence
For [(Hn,f″A(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~river width functional relation is [(Hm,f′W(Hm))], second dervative inflection point value sequence
For [(Hn,f″W(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~wetted perimeter functional relation is [(Hm,f′C(Hm))], second dervative inflection point value sequence
For [(Hn,f″C(Hn))]；
The first derivative inflection point value sequence of elevation~mean depth functional relation isSecond dervative
Inflection point value sequence is
Then respectively to the first derivation inflection point sequence of 4 groups of functional relations and second order derivation inflection point sequence according to elevation from big to small
Bit-reversed；
43) judge whether the elevation of the 0th first derivative inflection point collection of 4 groups of curves is equal, if equal, it is determined that elevation HmFor
River bed reference elevation calculates and judges to terminate；Otherwise continue the 44) step；
44) judge whether the elevation of the 0th second dervative inflection point collection of 4 groups of curves is equal, if equal, it is determined that elevation HnFor
River bed reference elevation calculates and judges to terminate；Otherwise continue the 45) step；
45) first derivative of 4 groups of curves is subjected to absolute value weighted average, if there is maximum value, by the corresponding height of maximum value
Journey HnFor river bed reference elevation, otherwise it is maximized and the difference of second largest value is less than allowable error as basis for estimation, take elevation small
Value as river bed reference elevation.
6. a kind of system determining river bed reference elevation based on big cross section measurement data, which is characterized in that including：
Data model module, the data object for being defined and being stored according to database establish data model；
It surveys time profile data and imports management module, according to the standardized data formats and data structure of definition, realize profile data
Importing, while carrying out consistency check, section iterative testing, start point distance weight to surveying time profile data during importing
Elevation deficiency inspection, while the meaning in translation criteria data format representated by corresponding symbol are looked into and be whether there is in reinspection,
And realize dynamic management of the symbol with corresponding meaning, finally the profile data of importing is opened up using the data model module
Show, and the data of importing are carried out to be stored into database；
River bed reference elevation computing module imports the survey time section number that management module imports storage according to time profile data of surveying
According to, realize it is same survey time in one by one the automatic river bed reference elevation of section and with the relevant feature value parameter of river bed reference elevation
It calculates, and calculating achievement is stored into database；
Output is surveyed secondary each according to the calculating achievement of the river bed reference elevation computing module with calculating achievement generation module
The characteristic value report of section, and according to the calculating achievement of river bed reference elevation, select the profile data of multiple surveys time, export section
Characteristic value trend chart, and generate the Scour and Accretion situation report of cross sections at any time.
7. the system according to claim 6 that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data, it is characterized in that：Institute
It includes that section essential information defines, river essential information defines, contextual definition, river between section and river to state data model module
The definition of relationship, the definition of survey time information, survey time section information definition between the definition of relationship, river and reservoir between stream and river
It is defined with time section process data is surveyed, builds the relationship topology between a section information.
8. the system according to claim 6 that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data, it is characterized in that：Institute
State river bed reference elevation computing module realize in same survey time the automatic river bed reference elevation of section one by one and with river bed benchmark height
The calculating of the relevant feature value parameter of journey.
9. the system according to claim 8 that river bed reference elevation is determined based on big cross section measurement data, it is characterized in that：Institute
It includes river bed width, river bed area, river bed dispersed elevation change rate and river bed area change rate to state feature value parameter.
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