CN108607878B - Device and method for repairing site pollutants by microbial electrochemical method - Google Patents
Device and method for repairing site pollutants by microbial electrochemical method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108607878B CN108607878B CN201810397610.8A CN201810397610A CN108607878B CN 108607878 B CN108607878 B CN 108607878B CN 201810397610 A CN201810397610 A CN 201810397610A CN 108607878 B CN108607878 B CN 108607878B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
- B09C1/085—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically electrochemically, e.g. by electrokinetics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for remedying the heavy metal pollution of a site by a microbial electrochemical method. The invention greatly improves the biological reduction efficiency of the heavy metal ions in the soil, reduces the heavy metal ions in the soil into nontoxic and harmless substances and achieves the aim of site remediation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil remediation, in particular to a device and a method for remediating site pollutants by a microbial electrochemical method.
Background
Soil is a major component of the ecological environment and is the material basis on which human beings live. However, with the rapid development of economy, heavy metal pollutants generated by the discharge of various artificial pollution sources such as household garbage, agricultural fertilizers and pesticides, industrial three-waste discharge, traffic pollution and the like enter soil through various ways to cause soil heavy metal pollution.
The heavy metal pollution problem becomes a great ecological environment problem which is widely concerned in China, and the heavy metal pollution problem poses serious threats to the sustainable development of modern agriculture and society economy, the agricultural ecological environment and the quality safety of agricultural products. There is currently no successful experience with how to treat site contaminants. The traditional biological method has low treatment efficiency, needs to continuously supplement microorganisms, has high repair cost by a chemical method, and is easy to cause secondary pollution. The field pollutant remediation is a very concerned problem in the current environmental pollution prevention and treatment,
in recent years, the soil heavy metal remediation technology is rapidly developed, the patent application number is CN 107586067A, the invention name is 'a chromium-polluted soil curing agent and a preparation method thereof', the dissolution of hexavalent chromium and total chromium in polluted soil is reduced by preparing the curing agent, the method is high in remediation cost, and addresses the symptoms and does not address the root causes. The patent application number is CN 107574162A, the invention name is 'a preparation method of a biochar-based slow-release nutrient-based immobilized microbial inoculum', petroleum-type polluted soil is repaired by preparing the biochar-based slow-release nutrient-based immobilized microbial inoculum, and the degradation efficiency of pollutants is low by means of decomposition of microorganisms. The patent application number is an authorization publication number CN 102386431B, the invention name is 'a soil microbial fuel cell and repair petroleum hydrocarbon pollution' for treating petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil, organic matters are decomposed by microbes to generate electricity, the electricity generation amount is low, and the pollutant removal rate is low. Therefore, there is a need to develop an effective and simple method for remediating heavy metal pollution in soil, but at present, there is no report on a device and method for remediating heavy metal pollution in soil by using electrochemically active microorganisms and supplying electrons through an external power source to accelerate the biological reduction of heavy metal ions.
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have further studied and developed an apparatus and a method for remedying heavy metal pollution in a field by a microbial electrochemical method, and have resulted in the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for restoring heavy metal pollution of a site by a microbial electrochemical method, which greatly improve the biological reduction efficiency of heavy metal ions in soil, reduce the heavy metal ions in the soil into nontoxic and harmless substances and achieve the purpose of restoring the site.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a device for remedying the heavy metal pollution in a site by a microbial electrochemical method comprises a porous inner tube, a porous sleeve, a lead, an electrode and an external power supply, wherein the porous inner tube is sleeved in the porous sleeve, the electrode for inoculating electrochemically active microorganisms is arranged between the porous inner tube and the porous sleeve, and the lead is connected with the electrode and the external power supply.
Further, the device also comprises a valve and an inner pipe cover, wherein the valve is arranged at the bottom of the porous sleeve, and the inner pipe cover covers the inlet of the porous inner pipe.
Furthermore, the porous inner pipe is a thermoplastic plastic pipe or a thermosetting plastic pipe, and the porous sleeve is a thermoplastic plastic pipe or a thermosetting plastic pipe.
Further, the external power source is one of a storage battery, a solar cell, wind power generation, and a biological power source.
Further, the material of the electrode is carbonized plant tissue.
Further, the electrode is made of carbonized loofah sponge or shaddock peel.
Further, the lead is a titanium wire.
Further, the electrochemically active microorganism is Shewanella or Geobacillus.
A method for remedying heavy metal pollution in a site by a microbial electrochemical method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: immersing an electrode into an electrochemical active microorganism culture for culture, and placing the electrode between an inner tube and a sleeve, wherein an electrochemical active microorganism culture medium is added through a porous inner tube, the culture medium enters the electrode in the porous sleeve through micropores of the porous inner tube, and the electrochemical active microorganism growing on the surface of the electrode absorbs nutrient substances for growth and reproduction;
step two: the device inoculated with the electrochemical active microorganisms is inserted into and buried in the soil to be repaired and is connected with the cathode of an external power supply through a lead, and the anode of the external power supply is directly connected to the polluted site to be repaired through the lead;
step three: electrons are obtained from an external power source through electrodes and wires, and heavy metals are reduced through metabolism by electrochemically active microorganisms.
Further, in step two, the multi-well inner tube was filled with a culture medium of 6% glucose every 12 hours.
After the scheme is adopted, the electrochemical active microorganism culture medium is added through the porous inner tube, the culture medium enters the electrode through the micropores of the porous inner tube, the electrochemical active microorganisms in the electrode absorb nutrient substances of the culture medium to grow and reproduce, a biological membrane is formed on the surface of the electrode, electrons are obtained from an external power supply through the electrode and a lead, and the biological reduction efficiency of heavy metal ions is greatly improved. And further, the site pollutants are reduced into non-toxic and harmless substances through metabolism, so that the purpose of site remediation is achieved. The biggest characteristic of the electrochemically active microorganisms is that electrons generated by metabolic organic matters can be transferred to an extracellular electron acceptor through a specific way, namely, the microorganisms in the invention metabolize the organic matters to provide electrons to serve as an electron donor, and heavy metal ions obtain electrons to serve as the electron acceptor to be reduced.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the electrode adopts carbonized plant tissues, so that the cost is reduced, the attachment area for the growth of electrochemically active microorganisms is increased, and the capability of the microorganisms for reducing heavy metal ions in soil is improved;
2. the culture medium is supplemented through the inner tube, so that the microorganisms can be propagated, the continuity and stability of the system can be realized, and the continuous addition of the electrochemically active microorganisms is avoided;
3. an external power supply provides electrons, so that the biological reduction efficiency of heavy metal ions in soil is greatly improved;
4. the device has simple structural design, strong operability of the method and low operating cost, does not need to add an oxidant, does not cause secondary pollution and can be recycled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the application of the soil to be remediated of the present invention.
Description of the reference symbols
Electrode 1 porous inner tube 2 titanium sheet 3 valve 4
The lead 5 is perforated by a sleeve 6 and a power supply 8 is arranged outside the tube cover 7.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments. The invention discloses a device for remediating heavy metal pollution in a site by a microbial electrochemical method, which is shown in figure 1 and is a preferred embodiment of the invention, and comprises a porous inner tube 2, a porous sleeve 6, a lead 5, an electrode 1 and an external power supply 8, wherein the porous inner tube 2 is sleeved in the porous sleeve 6, the electrode 1 is arranged between the porous inner tube 2 and the porous sleeve 6, the electrode 1 is inoculated with electrochemically active microbes, namely the electrode 1 is a microbial cathode, and the lead 5 is connected with the electrode 1 and the external power supply 8. The porous inner tube 2 means that a plurality of small holes are formed on the wall thereof so that the culture medium flows toward the electrode 1. The porous sleeve 6 is defined by a plurality of small holes in the wall of the sleeve to facilitate contact between the electrochemically active microorganisms and the heavy metal ions in the contaminated soil.
Further, in order to increase the contact area between the lead 5 and the electrode 1, the electrode also comprises a titanium sheet 3, the titanium sheet 3 is placed between the porous inner tube 2 and the porous sleeve 6 to be in contact with the electrode 1, and meanwhile, the titanium sheet 3 is connected with the lead 5.
Further, the device also comprises a valve 4 and an inner tube cover 7, wherein the valve 4 is arranged at the bottom of the porous sleeve 6, and the inner tube cover 7 covers the inlet of the porous inner tube 2. When the reaction apparatus needs to be emptied, the valve 4 can be opened to discharge the whole culture medium, the bottom cover is opened, and all the electrodes 1 are taken out. When the culture medium needs to be added, the inner tube cover 7 is opened, the culture medium of the electrochemically active microorganisms is added through the porous inner tube 2, and after the addition is finished, the inner tube cover 7 is covered to seal the porous inner tube 2. The culture medium is added to realize the continuous culture of the microorganisms and maintain the stability of the treatment effect.
Further, the porous inner tube 2 and the porous sleeve 6 are a thermoplastic plastic tube and a thermosetting plastic tube.
Further, the external power supply 8 is one of a storage battery, a solar cell, wind power generation, and a biological power supply.
Further, the material of the electrode 1 is a carbonized plant tissue, preferably a carbonized high fiber plant material. In the invention, the material of the electrode 1 is carbonized loofah sponge or shaddock peel. The preparation of the plant carbonized electrode takes the loofah sponge as an example, and the loofah sponge is dried in an oven at 90 ℃ (about 3 hours). Putting the dried loofah sponge into a carbonization tube, introducing nitrogen, and heating in a programmed manner under the protection of the nitrogen, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps: firstly, heating to 150 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃ min < -1 >, and staying at 150 ℃ for 60 min; then the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃ min < -1 >, and the carbonization is carried out for 1h at the temperature; and finally, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a sample to obtain the carbonized loofah serving as the electrode, wherein the loofah carbonized at high temperature is black, has better conductivity, maintains a three-dimensional ordered porous structure, and is convenient for enrichment of electrogenesis microorganisms.
Further, the lead 5 is a titanium wire which is not easily corroded.
Further, the electrochemically active microorganism is shewanella or geobacter.
A method for remediating site pollutants by a microbial electrochemical method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the electrode 1 is immersed into an electrochemical active microorganism culture for culture, and then is arranged between the porous inner tube 2 and the porous sleeve 6, an electrochemical active microorganism culture medium is added through the porous inner tube 2, the culture medium enters the electrode 1 in the porous sleeve 6 through the micropores of the porous inner tube 2, and the electrochemical active microorganism in the electrode 1 absorbs nutrient substances for growth and reproduction.
In the embodiment, the plant carbonized electrode 1 is immersed into an electrochemically active microbial culture which is cultured until the logarithmic growth phase for one week, the culture medium is LB culture medium, the culture temperature is 23-35 ℃, the plant carbonized electrode is then arranged between a porous inner tube 2 and a porous sleeve 6, the culture medium is added from the porous inner tube 2, the culture medium permeates into the electrode 1 through the micropores of the porous inner tube 2, the microorganisms absorb the culture medium to propagate and grow, a stable electrochemically active biofilm is formed on the surface of the electrode 1, and after one week of culture, the obvious biofilm is formed on the surface of the electrode 1.
Step two: the device inoculated with the electrochemical active microorganisms is inserted into and buried in the soil to be repaired and is connected with the negative electrode of an external power supply 8 through a lead 5, and the positive electrode of the external power supply 8 is directly connected to the polluted site to be repaired through a lead;
step three: electrons are obtained from an external power supply 8 through the electrode 1 and the lead 5, and pollutants are reduced into nontoxic and harmless substances through the metabolic action of electrochemically active microorganisms.
The method is applied to the heavy metal remediation of the contaminated soil field. The height of the reactor is 60cm, the diameter of the inner tube is 5cm, the wall thickness is 0.4cm, and the diameter of the sleeve is 10 cm. A plant carbonized material inoculated with Shewanella as an electrogenesis microorganism is filled between the porous sleeve 2 and the porous inner tube 6, 6 percent glucose is injected into the porous inner tube 2 once every 12 hours, the bioelectrochemical device is buried in soil to be repaired, the exposed part of the porous inner tube 2 is kept to be on the ground, one carbonized plant electrode 1 is buried every 1m, the carbonized plant electrode 1 between the porous inner tube 2 and the porous sleeve 6 is connected with the cathode of an external power supply 8 through a titanium wire 5, and the anode lead of the external power supply 8 is led out and then inserted into a site to be repaired to form a closed loop, as shown in figure 2. The microorganism attached to the electrode 1 grows by glucose obtained by diffusion of the small holes of the porous inner tube 2, electrons obtained by the external power supply 8 are contacted with heavy metal ions in the soil through the small holes of the porous sleeve 6 to reduce the heavy metal ions, and the concentration of the hexavalent chromium in the soil is reduced to 323mg/kg from 600mg/kg after treatment for 10 days.
The electrochemical active microorganism of the invention can greatly improve the reduction efficiency of the traditional microorganism for treating heavy metal pollution, is characterized in that the electrochemical active microorganism has a unique electron transfer way different from the traditional microorganism, can directly transfer electrons generated by metabolic organic matters and electrons provided by an external power supply to heavy metal ions, and has the capability of externally transferring electrons, which is not possessed by common microorganism repair, and common microorganisms only degrade redox products.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that the changes or modifications made by the claims and the specification of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a device that little bioelectrochemistry method was restoreed place heavy metal and is polluted which characterized in that: the electrochemical active microorganism culture device comprises a porous inner tube, a porous sleeve, a lead, an electrode and an external power supply, wherein the porous inner tube is sleeved in the porous sleeve, the electrode for inoculating the electrochemical active microorganism is arranged between the porous inner tube and the porous sleeve, the lead is connected with the electrode and the negative electrode of the external power supply, and the electrochemical active microorganism is Shewanella or Bacillus licheniformis;
the application method of the device for repairing the heavy metal pollution in the field by the microbial electrochemical method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: immersing an electrode into an electrochemical active microorganism culture for culture, and placing the electrode between a porous inner tube and a porous sleeve, wherein an electrochemical active microorganism culture medium is added through the porous inner tube, the culture medium enters the electrode in the porous sleeve through micropores of the porous inner tube, and the electrochemical active microorganism growing on the surface of the electrode absorbs nutrient substances to grow and reproduce;
step two: the device inoculated with the electrochemical active microorganisms is inserted into and buried in the soil to be repaired and is connected with the negative electrode of an external power supply through a lead, and the positive electrode of the external power supply is directly connected to the polluted site to be repaired through the lead;
step three: electrons are obtained from an external power source through electrodes and wires, and heavy metals are reduced through the metabolism of electrochemically active microorganisms.
2. The device for remediating the heavy metal pollution of the site by the microbial electrochemical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the valve is arranged at the bottom of the porous sleeve, and the inner pipe cover covers the inlet of the porous inner pipe.
3. The device for remediating the heavy metal pollution of the site by the microbial electrochemical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the porous inner pipe is a thermoplastic plastic pipe or a thermosetting plastic pipe, and the porous sleeve is a thermoplastic plastic pipe or a thermosetting plastic pipe.
4. The device for remediating heavy metal pollution in a site by the microbial electrochemical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the external power supply is one of a storage battery, a solar cell, wind power generation and a biological power supply.
5. The device for remediating the heavy metal pollution of the site by the microbial electrochemical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the material of the electrode is carbonized plant tissue.
6. The device for remediating heavy metal pollution in a site by the microbial electrochemical method as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the electrode is made of carbonized retinervus Luffae fructus or pericarpium Citri Grandis.
7. The device for remediating the heavy metal pollution of the site by the microbial electrochemical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lead is a titanium wire.
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| CN112547791B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏大地益源环境修复有限公司 | Pollutant remediation method and device for strengthening microbial fuel cell by using Seebeck effect |
| CN116475217B (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2024-08-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for in-situ restoration of underground water and soil by utilizing microbial electrochemical permeable reaction wall |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201511037U (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-06-23 | 上海海事大学 | Electric plant composite heavy metal pollution soil restoration device |
| CN103043776A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Sleeve-type microorganism catalysis electrolysis device and method for degrading waste water by using sleeve-type microorganism catalysis electrolysis device |
| CN105817474A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-08-03 | 玉溪师范学院 | Device and method for remedying soil combined pollution and application |
| CN107954523A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-24 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of method of bioelectrochemical system and wastewater treatment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2009279489A (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-12-03 | Panasonic Corp | Method of purifying contaminated soil and/or ground water |
| CN104646405A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Electrode device and method for lowering arsenic and lead concentrations in rice |
| CN105950164A (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2016-09-21 | 安徽农业大学 | Heavy metal polluted soil repairing agent and repairing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511037U (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-06-23 | 上海海事大学 | Electric plant composite heavy metal pollution soil restoration device |
| CN103043776A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Sleeve-type microorganism catalysis electrolysis device and method for degrading waste water by using sleeve-type microorganism catalysis electrolysis device |
| CN105817474A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-08-03 | 玉溪师范学院 | Device and method for remedying soil combined pollution and application |
| CN107954523A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-24 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of method of bioelectrochemical system and wastewater treatment |
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