CN108604800A - 便携式电子设备 - Google Patents
便携式电子设备 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108604800A CN108604800A CN201680068356.6A CN201680068356A CN108604800A CN 108604800 A CN108604800 A CN 108604800A CN 201680068356 A CN201680068356 A CN 201680068356A CN 108604800 A CN108604800 A CN 108604800A
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- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 pyridinium cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical group O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyrrole Natural products C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Natural products C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- MISVVRDOUNLNJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-2-methylpyrrolidine Chemical compound CCCCN1CCCC1C MISVVRDOUNLNJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSHASCFKOSDFHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylpyrrolidine Chemical class CCCCN1CCCC1 JSHASCFKOSDFHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBZJNLWLRUHZIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methyl-2h-imidazole Chemical class CCN1CN(C)C=C1 IBZJNLWLRUHZIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDMDKDJHPIMBDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole;1,3-oxazole Chemical class C1CN=CO1.C1=COC=N1 CDMDKDJHPIMBDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical class C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O Piperidinium(1+) Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]CC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-O hydron;pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=C[NH+]=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
- G06F1/1635—Details related to the integration of battery packs and other power supplies such as fuel cells or integrated AC adapter
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
- G06F1/1637—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/263—Arrangements for using multiple switchable power supplies, e.g. battery and AC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/08—Structural combinations, e.g. assembly or connection, of hybrid or EDL capacitors with other electric components, at least one hybrid or EDL capacitor being the main component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/36—Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/62—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
- H02J7/0044—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本文提供一种便携式电池供电的电子设备,其包括电池、微处理器和显示屏。所述设备的特征在于,其还包括与所述电池连接的一体式可再充电的电池充电单元,该一体式可再充电的电池充电单元包括由一片或多片石墨烯或含有石墨烯的材料构成的超级电容器,适于从额定电压为100伏特或大于100伏特的交流电源向所述超级电容器提供高达40安培的电流的电源模块;适于将直流电力从所述超级电容器输送至所述电池的输出转换器;以及适于控制直流电力从所述超级电容器至所述电池的输送的控制模块。本文还提供如下设备,在该设备中,一体式可再充电单元是所述设备的单独的电力来源。
Description
本发明涉及合并有可快速再充电的电池充电单元的便携式电子设备,所述可快速再充电的电池充电单元包括超级电容器。
现今,便携式电子设备普遍存在于社会中,例如,在许多发达国家中,十六岁以上的人群中估计有超过90%的人使用手机。虽然,在用于向这些设备供电的可再充电的电池方面的技术发展意味着多年以来这些设备已经可使用越来越长的时间,但是仍然存在很多问题。这些问题包括:(1)随着电池的老化,需要更加频繁地向设备进行再次充电,以及(2)现代软件的运行所带来的用电需求必然会更快地耗尽电池。因此,相对于过去,现今大多数用户发现必须更加频繁地对他们的设备进行再充电。
这进而产生了技术问题,因为当将现今使用的当前锂离子电池插入常规电力环网(electricity ring main)时,所述锂离子电池充电较慢,通常需要几个小时的时间。这对于旅行者而言特别不方便,经常很多人想要使用机场、咖啡厅、会议中心等等的墙壁插座。因此,如果市场上能够获得快速可再充电电子设备,这对于旅行者而言将是非常有用的。
解决这个问题的一种方法是使用合并有一个或多个超级电容器的单独的辅助充电器,因为所述超级电容器带有很大的电量并且能够快速充放电。然而,现今的超级电容器所储存的电荷密度仍然较低,并且由双重卷绕(double-wound)的铝箔片构成的传统的超级电容器估计需要小饮料罐的大小和半公斤的重量以适于对普通智能手机进行充电。这使得这种电容器无法实现携带并连接至设备。
因此,本发明的一个目的在于提供一种便携式电子设备,其包括包含有超级电容器的快速再充电单元,该单元与设备本身是一体的,并且,一旦进行快速充电,该快速再充电单元可在一段较长的时间内对电池进行再充电。本发明的另一目的在于提供一种如下的便携式电子设备,其使用上述快速再充电单元直接作为设备的单独电源,从而使电池与所述设备一同携带。
我们之前在Facebook上着眼于销售额定容量为1500mAh的石墨烯超级电容器电池充电器,其装配有通用USB端口,该端口可向任何类型的手机或平板电脑进行充电。不过,在这些一般性公开的内容中,并未对下文要求保护的设计给出教导,并且具体而言,也未对将被使用的控制模块的特点给出教导。该电池充电器还在我们的同样处于在审状态的专利申请PCT/GB2015/053003中进一步详细描述。
在电容器的构建中使用石墨烯已在WO2013180661,CN104229780,US2012170171,KR20140094346,CN104064364,US2014127584,US2012045688和US8503161中公开。
US20140321027公开了用于移动设备的可再充电的电源,其包括具有碳纳米管的超级电容器,所述碳纳米管连接至设置在金属箔上的厚度小于100nm的金属氧化物层。
根据本发明的第一方面,本发明提供一种便携式电池供电的电子设备,其包括电池、微处理器和显示屏,其特征在于,该便携式电池供电的电子设备还包括与所述电池连接的一体式可再充电的电池充电单元,该一体式可再充电的电池充电单元包括:
·超级电容器,其由一片或多片石墨烯或含有石墨烯的材料构成;
·电源模块,其适于从额定电压为100伏特或100伏特以上的交流电源向所述超级电容器提供高达40安培的电流;
·输出转换器,其适于将直流电力从所述超级电容器输送至所述电池;以及
·控制模块,其适于控制直流电力从所述超级电容器至所述电池的输送。
在一种实施方式中,所述控制模块包括,例如,其自身的微处理器和/或开关设备,用于自动控制所述控制模块的各种不同的功能中的一些或所述控制模块的所有各种不同的功能,以及用于管理和调节来自所述超级电容器的可变输出。在另一实施方式中,该控制模块的控制功能通过一个或多个其他微处理器来执行,所述一个或多个微处理器(例如,所述电子设备的CPU)执行所述电子设备自身的其他功能。
所述超级电容器自身应当适于为能够储存至少1000F(法拉第)的电容的超级电容器,并且优选地能够储存2000F的电容,或最优选地能够存储3000F或更高的电容,并且所述超级电容器能够单独或联合输送至少1000mAh的输出持续至少15分钟,例如,15分钟至60分钟,或可选地,60分钟或更长的时间。所述超级电容器还应当能够在至少2.5伏特的电压条件下运行,例如,2.7伏特至7伏特的电压范围,3伏特至7伏特的电压范围,或可选地,甚至高于7伏特的电压条件下运行。所述超级电容器应当能够将连接有电池充电单元的电子设备充电至其电容的至少20%,例如,20%至50%,或可选地,50%至100%。充电时间取决于锂电池所允许的最大充电速度和/或设备的输入端口的电容量。然而,电池充电单元应当能够在5分钟至30分钟内将所述设备充电至其电容的20%。
本文使用的超级充电器适于包括电极,该电极由一片或多片石墨烯制备或由一片或多片含有石墨烯的材料制备;制备电极的材料不仅仅重量轻且具有高导电性,而且还能够储存高密度电荷。在一种实施方式中,含有石墨烯的材料包括石墨烯的复合材料片和/或悬浮于导电基质中的还原的石墨烯氧化物颗粒,所述颗粒的尺寸通常小于1微米,优选地小于100纳米。在这样的实施方式中,优选的是,这些纳米颗粒表现出具有尺寸为2纳米至50纳米的中孔的中孔结构。在另一实施方式中,含有石墨烯的材料可额外地包含碳纳米管、活化的碳、巴克明斯特富勒烯(buckminsterfullerene)和/或可额外地掺杂有向最终的超级电容器赋予一定程度的赝电容行为的纳米颗粒材料,例如,金属盐、金属氢氧化物和金属氧化物,所述金属例如,锂或带有多于一个氧化态的过渡金属,包括镍、锰、钌、铋、钨或钼。在又一实施方式中,石墨烯片或含有石墨烯的材料片被制备成安装在或印刷在导电金属(例如,铜、镍或铝)薄片上的薄的含石墨烯层。
在一种优选的实施方式中,超级电容器是双层型并且由至少两个电极构成,每个电极包括涂覆有如上所述的石墨烯或含石墨烯的材料的铝箔,所述至少两个电极被聚合物膜隔开,所述聚合物膜采用熔点低于100℃的离子液体浸泡。在一种优选的实施方式中,这种离子液体选自:烷基或取代的烷基吡啶鎓(pyridinium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基哒嗪鎓(pyridazinium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基嘧啶鎓(pyrimidinium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基吡嗪鎓(pyrazinium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基咪唑鎓(imidazolium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基哌啶鎓(piperidinium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基吡咯烷鎓(pyrrolidinium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基吡唑鎓(pyrazolium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基噻唑鎓(thiazolium)阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基恶唑鎓(oxazolium)阳离子的低熔点盐,或烷基或取代的烷基三唑鎓(triazolium)阳离子的低熔点盐。在这种情况下,优选地是,对阴离子是较大的多原子离子并且具有超过50或100埃的范德华体积(参见例如,US5827602,其提供了示例性的实施例,该美国申请通过引入并入本文并被认为在本发明的范围内)。在一种实施方式中,该对阴离子选自例如:六氟磷酸盐阴离子,二氰胺阴离子,双(氟磺酰)亚胺(FSI)阴离子,双(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺(TFSI)阴离子或双(全氟代C2至C4烷基磺酰)亚胺阴离子(例如,双(全氟代乙基磺酰)亚胺阴离子)。在另一优选的实施方式中,离子液体选自:这些阴离子的C1至C4烷基取代的咪唑鎓盐,C1至C4烷基取代的哌啶鎓盐或C1至C4烷基取代的吡咯鎓盐,并且,如本文所公开的,尤其可想到的是,上述阳离子和阴离子可进行任何替换。具体而言,基于这些盐的非限定性实例包括:1-乙基-3-甲基-咪唑鎓(EMIM)双(氟代磺酰)亚胺,1-乙基-3-甲基-咪唑鎓双(三氟代甲基磺酰)亚胺,1-乙基-3-甲基-咪唑鎓双(全氟代乙基磺酰)亚胺,1-甲基-1-丙基吡咯烷鎓双(氟代磺酰)亚胺,1-甲基-1-丁基吡咯烷鎓双(氟代磺酰)亚胺,1-甲基-1-丙基吡咯烷鎓双(三氟代甲基磺酰)亚胺,1-甲基-1-丁基吡咯烷鎓双(三氟代甲基磺酰)亚胺,1-乙基-3-甲基-咪唑鎓六氟磷酸盐,1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓二氰胺,1-甲基-1-丙基吡咯烷鎓六氟磷酸盐,1-甲基-1-丙基吡咯烷鎓二氰胺,1-甲基-1-丁基吡咯烷鎓六氟磷酸盐和1-甲基-1-丙基吡咯烷鎓二氰胺。
在一种实施方式中,上文所述的超级电容器被制造成石墨烯电极和离子液体电解液的平坦片状复合材料,其具有足以卷起的柔性,从而节约空间。在该实施方式中,各个卷之间的间隙随后通常被绝缘体填充。在另一实施方式中,超级电容器被包在密封袋中,只有电连接器从该密封袋中突出。
电源模块适于接收来自额定电压为110伏特,220伏特,230伏特,240伏特的来源的AC电力或其他家用标准来源(例如,家用环网或商业环网(ring main))的AC电力。该单元可额外地包括变压器以使得超级电容器能够在最佳电压条件下充电。在另一实施方式中,该单元中的组件中的至少一个还可包括石墨烯或含石墨烯的材料。
输出转换器适于将直流电力输送至便携式电子设备中的电池,例如,在电压低于10v的条件下,例如,电压为5v的条件下。所述输出转换器适于包括AC至DC转换器。
回到控制模块,在一种实施方式中,所述控制模块包括至少一个充电电路,其适于在设备插入时,由位于所述设备中的微处理器检测超级电容器已经充电的程度并随后仅供给来自外部来源的电荷使超级电容器回到100%电量。在一种优选的实施方式中,这通过微处理器检测并响应来自超级电容器的反馈电压或电流的方式而发生。在另一实施方式中,控制模块与例如设备外壳上的声音警报或灯光指示器连接,从而在超级电容器充电完成时通知用户。在又一实施方式中,控制模块包括额外的电路,这样,虽然电池充电单元正在充电或充电完成,但是相关设备可仍然由电池供电。
控制模块可进一步并任选地包括一系列二极管或包括单向电路,以防止漏电或超级电容器返流过设备中的电路的不安全的放电。在一种实施方式中,所述控制模块包括将电池充电单元与电池和设备的其他部分分隔开(如果需要的话)的装置。所述控制模块还可包括电压传感器和热传感器以确保这些自动防故障装置的特征被自动激活。最后,在一种实施方式中,电池充电单元可包括使超级电容器通过电阻器和设备本体中的相关散热器快速放电的装置,如果紧急情况需要这样做的话或由于旅行限制用户被要求这样做的话。
适当地,所述电池充电单元被设计并制造成符合关于废弃电子组件处置的EU2002/96/EC号指令或全球其他国家或地区的等同的国家法规或联邦法规。适当地,,电池充电器还符合相关国家和联邦的产品安全法规,例如,在欧洲,符合EC 2001/95号法规。
本发明的电池充电单元还可包括本领域使用的其他材料和组件,例如,用于热管理的热绝缘体和散热器;辅助电绝缘体;开关;以及用于监控充电进程(充电器和电子设备这两者,如果需要的话)的灯,刻度盘,仪表等等。
便携式电池供电的电子设备适于为选自笔记本电脑、电子笔记本、上网本、hybrids、平板电脑、智能手机和智能手表中的一种。除了电池充电单元、电池、微处理器和显示单元之外,设备中的运行部件还可包括如下辅助部件中的一个或多个:USB端口、磁盘驱动器、RAM模块、硬盘驱动器、声卡和显卡、无线电路系统、移动媒体驱动器、冷却风扇、扩充口等等。适当地,设备中使用的电池是其自身可再充电的锂离子电池或其他类似的电池,显示屏是LED显示屏并且微处理器包括中央处理芯片和图形处理芯片。
根据本发明的第二方面,本发明提供一种便携式电子设备,其包括显示屏和微处理器,其特征为,该便携式电子设备的单独的电源是一体式可再充电电源单元,其包括:
·超级电容器,其由一片或多片石墨烯或含有石墨烯的材料构成;
·电源模块,其适于从额定电压为100伏特或大于100伏特的交流电源向所述超级电容器提供高达40安培的电流;
·输出转换器和控制模块,其适于将直流电力输送至所述显示屏和所述微处理器。
适当地,上述一体式可再充电电源单元的各个不同的部件和可使用的设备的辅助部件在上文进行说明。在一种实施方式中,输出转换器和控制模块与电子设备的中央处理单元连接。
参考下文的描述和图1对本发明的电子设备进行举例说明,下文的描述和图1不应当被解释为对本发明的范围的限定。
笔记本电脑包括电绝缘的且包括LED显示屏的耐冲击外壳,中央处理单元,显卡和用于容纳锂离子电池的空隙以及根据本发明的适于与锂离子电池配合并电连接的电池充电单元。该单元在图1中详细显示。该单元包括外壳1,该外壳1包括电源模块4和输出转换器5,电源模块4包括变压器(未示出),输出转换器5通过充放电电路连接至三个超级电容器6。所述超级电容器中的每一个由密封的聚合物袋构成,(a)所述聚合物袋包含涂覆有石墨烯的铝箔电极,该电极带有夹在其中间的聚合物膜并且所述聚合物膜采用离子液体EMIMTFSI浸泡,或者,(b)所述聚合物袋包含两个卷绕复合材料片,其包含夹在两个聚合物片之间的石墨烯片。2包括30个针式插座,其对应于设备外壳上的外部充电端口并与设备外壳上的外部充电端口匹配,同时,3包括30个针式连接器,其适于在引入电池充电单元时对应于共同位于设备空隙内的锂离子电池并与该锂离子电池电连接。控制模块7与输出转换器5集成为一体,用于调节从超级电容器6产生的电流并经由3流至电池并产生流过放电电路的电流。
Claims (17)
1.便携式电池供电的电子设备,其包括电池、微处理器和显示屏,其特征在于,所述便携式电池供电的电子设备还包括与所述电池连接的一体式可再充电的电池充电单元,该一体式可再充电的电池充电单元包括:
·超级电容器,其由一片或多片石墨烯或含有石墨烯的材料构成;
·电源模块,其适于从额定电压为100伏特或大于100伏特的交流电源向所述超级电容器提供高达40安培的电流;
·输出转换器,其适于将直流电力从所述超级电容器输送至所述电池;以及
·控制模块,其适于控制直流电力从所述超级电容器至所述电池的输送。
2.如权利要求1所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述控制模块包括至少一个充电电路,其适于检测所述超级电容器已经充电的程度并且随后使所述超级电容器回到100%电量。
3.如权利要求2所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述控制模块从所述超级电容器接收反馈电压或电流。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述控制模块包括防止漏电或防止所述超级电容器返流过充电电路的不安全放电的装置。
5.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述便携式电子设备包括与所述控制模块连接的或与所述控制模块成为一体的电压传感器和热传感器。
6.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述便携式电子设备包括使所述超级电容器不通过正在充电的设备进行放电的由用户操作的装置。
7.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述超级电容器能够输送高达1000mAh的输出持续至少15分钟。
8.如权利要求1所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述超级电容器包括至少两个电极,每个电极包括位于导电金属片上的含有石墨烯的材料层和夹在所述导电金属片和所述含有石墨烯的材料层之间的聚合物膜,所述聚合物膜用熔点低于100℃的离子液体浸泡。
9.如权利要求8所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述离子液体是烷基或取代的烷基吡啶鎓阳离子的低熔点盐、烷基或取代的烷基哒嗪鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基嘧啶鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基吡嗪鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基咪唑鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基哌啶鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基吡咯烷鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基吡唑鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基噻唑鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,烷基或取代的烷基恶唑鎓阳离子的低熔点盐,或烷基或取代的烷基三唑鎓阳离子的低熔点盐。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述阳离子是C1至C4烷基取代的咪唑鎓阳离子,C1至C4烷基取代的哌啶鎓阳离子或C1至C4烷基取代的吡咯烷鎓阳离子。
11.如权利要求8、9或10所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述阳离子的对阴离子是:六氟磷酸盐,二氰胺,双(氟代磺酰)亚胺,双(三氟代甲基磺酰)亚胺或双(全氟代C2至C4烷基磺酰)亚胺。
12.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述电池充电单元能够在5至30分钟的时间内使电池充电至少20%。
13.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述电源和所述输出转换器永久位于外壳内,所述外壳还包括可将所述超级电容器插入其中或从其中取出的壳体。
14.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述电源模块适于接收来自家用环网或商业环网的AC电力。
15.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述电池充电单元能够在2.7伏特至7伏特的电压范围内运行。
16.便携式电子设备,其特征在于,所述设备包括空隙,所述电池和所述电池充电单元匹配地共同设置于所述空隙中。
17.便携式电子设备,其包括显示屏和微处理器,其特征在于,所述便携式电子设备的单独的电力来源是一体式可再充电电源单元,该一体式可再充电电源单元包括:
·超级电容器,其由一片或多片石墨烯或含有石墨烯的材料构成;
·电源模块,其适于从额定电压为100伏特或大于100伏特的交流电源向所述超级电容器提供高达40安培的电流;以及
·输出转换器和控制模块,所述控制模块适于将直流电力输送至所述显示屏和所述微处理器。
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US10931136B2 (en) | 2021-02-23 |
GB2544775B (en) | 2021-07-21 |
GB2544775A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
JP2018538773A (ja) | 2018-12-27 |
KR20180105121A (ko) | 2018-09-27 |
TWI739773B (zh) | 2021-09-21 |
US20170155265A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
TW201728039A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
JP6919105B2 (ja) | 2021-08-18 |
CN108604800B (zh) | 2021-12-24 |
GB201520868D0 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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WO2017089824A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
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