CN108599768B - Data sampling device and method for improving signal-to-noise ratio of antenna receiving signal - Google Patents

Data sampling device and method for improving signal-to-noise ratio of antenna receiving signal Download PDF

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CN108599768B
CN108599768B CN201810054538.9A CN201810054538A CN108599768B CN 108599768 B CN108599768 B CN 108599768B CN 201810054538 A CN201810054538 A CN 201810054538A CN 108599768 B CN108599768 B CN 108599768B
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signal
clock
period
adc
multiplexer
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CN108599768A (en
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吴日恒
宋宜斌
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Wenjing College Yantai University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
    • H03M1/124—Sampling or signal conditioning arrangements specially adapted for A/D converters
    • H03M1/1245—Details of sampling arrangements or methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits

Abstract

The invention relates to a data sampling device and a method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of an antenna receiving signal, comprising a clock generator, an L frequency divider and a clock pulseA counter, an L multiplexer and an ADC device; the clock pulse generated by the clock generator is fed into the pulse counter, the output C of the pulse counter1,…,CNAs the selection control signal of the multiplexer, the clock pulse generated by the clock generator is also sent to the L frequency divider; the L frequency divider generates a clock signal with a period which is L times of the clock period of the counter as a sampling clock of the ADC device; the ADC samples an input baseband signal, and the output of the ADC is connected with one input end of the multiplexer; the other input ends of the multiplexer are grounded and output under the control of the selection control signal, so that the period T is realizedsInterpolate samples of the L zero-valued discrete sequence. The invention can be flexibly configured at will to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna receiving signal without increasing the hardware cost, the power consumption and the size.

Description

Data sampling device and method for improving signal-to-noise ratio of antenna receiving signal
Technical Field
The invention relates to a data sampling device and a data sampling method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of an antenna receiving signal, and belongs to the technical field of signal processing.
Background
The traditional methods for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna receiving signal are divided into two types: one is to increase receiver sensitivity and increase antenna gain; the other is to obtain higher signal recovery gain by taking more samples at the baseband end using a higher speed ADC. Both of these approaches, however, have some significant drawbacks. The first method cannot increase the antenna gain without limit to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal, subject to structural, process, and cost limitations; the increase of the ADC sampling rate not only causes a significant increase in hardware component cost and system cost, but also causes a significant increase in information storage capacity, which results in a large amount of expensive data memory, and thus, causes a rapid increase in system cost, size, power consumption, and the like.
The array antenna is widely applied to radar, communication and positioning related applications, such as MIMO millimeter wave radar, and is widely applied to the safety field of automobiles (unmanned automobiles), so that real-time distance measurement, speed measurement and angle measurement of surrounding targets are realized. In the field of passive electronic reconnaissance, a plurality of receiving antennas are arranged according to a certain geometric relationship to form a certain array configuration, signal receiving and combined information processing of a remote radiation source target are achieved, the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals is enhanced through the plurality of receiving antennas, two-dimensional angle measurement and distance measurement of the target are achieved, the cost for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals through the array antennas is that the plurality of receiving antennas are used for obtaining more signal information, and the complexity and the cost of the system are greatly increased. On the other hand, in the real beam radar application, since the transmitting and receiving antennas often share one mechanical scanning antenna in the system, it is a new problem to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna reception signal.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention develops a data sampling device and method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna receiving signal, which can realize effective improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio without increasing the sampling rate of the ADC and the number of receiving antennas.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
a data sampling device for improving signal-to-noise ratio of antenna receiving signal comprises a clock generator, an L frequency divider, a clock pulse counter, an L multiplexer and a sampling rate of 1/TsThe ADC device of (1);
the clock pulse generated by the clock generator is fed into the pulse counter, the output C of the pulse counter1,…,CNAs the selection control signal of the multiplexer, the clock pulse generated by the clock generator is also sent to the L frequency divider;
the L frequency divider generates a clock signal with a period which is L times of the clock period of the counter as a sampling clock of the ADC device;
the ADC samples an input baseband signal, and the output of the ADC is connected with one input end of the multiplexer;
the other input ends of the multiplexer are grounded and output under the control of the selection control signal, so that the period T is realizedsInterpolate samples of the L-1 zero-valued discrete sequence.
A data sampling method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of antenna receiving signals comprises the following specific processes: the ADC samples the baseband signal and interpolates L-1 zero values between two sampling points for outputting.
Advantageous effects
By interpolating L-1 zeros between two sampling points, the invention can flexibly configure and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna receiving signal at will on the premise of not increasing the ADC sampling rate and hardware cost, power consumption and size.
Drawings
FIG. 1: (a) an antenna receiving signal time domain diagram, (b) a corresponding frequency spectrum diagram;
FIG. 2: (a) period of TsThe impulse sampling sequence time domain diagram of (a), (b) the corresponding spectrogram;
FIG. 3: (a) period of TsThe (b) corresponding spectrogram;
FIG. 4: (a) an antenna receiving signal time domain diagram, (b) a corresponding frequency spectrum diagram;
FIG. 5: (a) period is as follows
Figure GDA0003121461740000031
The impulse sequence time domain diagram of (a), (b) the corresponding spectrogram;
FIG. 6: (a) period is as follows
Figure GDA0003121461740000032
The (b) corresponding spectrogram;
FIG. 7: (a) period of TsIs interpolated with L-1 zero-valued impulse sequences
Figure GDA0003121461740000033
(b) Corresponding spectrogram
Figure GDA0003121461740000034
FIG. 8: the period is T in FIG. 7(a)sThe 'interpolation L-1 zero value' impulse sequence is formed by adding and combining three impulse sequences,
FIG. 9: (a) a discrete sequence time domain map of "interpolated L-1 zeros" (b) the corresponding spectrogram;
FIG. 10: the invention relates to a signal sampling device for interpolating zero values.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific examples.
Antenna received signal acquisition method
Assuming that the radar receiving signal is a band-limited signal, taking the real beam radar mechanical scanning antenna receiving signal as an example, the time domain waveform diagram and the corresponding frequency spectrum diagram are respectively F (t) and F (ω), as shown in fig. 1(a), (b), the time domain waveform diagram and the frequency domain waveform diagram of the infinite impulse sequence of the uniform impulse sampler (periodic sampling device such as ADC) are respectively the time domain waveform diagram and the frequency domain waveform diagram
Figure GDA0003121461740000035
And
Figure GDA0003121461740000036
as shown in fig. 2(a) and (b), the time domain and frequency domain waveform diagrams of the discrete signal sequence after the antenna receiving signal is processed by the rf unit to become the baseband signal and then sampled by the uniform sampler are fs(t) and Fs(ω) As shown in FIGS. 3(a), (b), this process is actually performed by f (t) and
Figure GDA0003121461740000041
time-domain multiplication, F (ω) and
Figure GDA0003121461740000042
as a result of frequency-domain convolution, i.e.
Figure GDA0003121461740000043
And is
Figure GDA0003121461740000044
Then there is
Figure GDA0003121461740000045
When the Nyquist sampling theorem is satisfied, i.e. ωs＞2ωmWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
Figure GDA0003121461740000046
after passing through a low-pass filter with zero center frequency, the frequency spectrum F of the sampled signal is obtaineds(omega) recovering the spectrum of the original signal, i.e. sampling the signal f from the base bands(t) recovering the antenna reception signal f (t). Note that: from FsIt can be seen from the (omega) spectrogram that the peak value of the spectrum is
Figure GDA0003121461740000047
Method for increasing ADC sampling rate and improving antenna signal-to-noise ratio
Based on the same principle as the antenna received signal acquisition method, but by increasing the sampling rate of the ADC, i.e. the sampling rate is L times (L > 1) of the original sampling rate of the ADC, the sampling period is the original one
Figure GDA0003121461740000048
At this time, time domain waveform diagrams and frequency spectrum diagrams corresponding to fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3 are obtained, respectively, as shown in fig. 4(a), (b), fig. 5(a), (b), and fig. 6(a), (b). The corresponding process is
Figure GDA0003121461740000049
And is
Figure GDA00031214617400000410
Then there is
Figure GDA00031214617400000411
After passing through a low-pass filter with zero center frequency, the frequency spectrum F of the sampled signal is obtaineds'(ω) recovering the spectrum of the original signal. Note that: from Fs'It can be seen from the (omega) spectrogram that the peak value of the spectrum is
Figure GDA00031214617400000412
The increase is L times of the original increase.
Comparing fig. 3(b) and fig. 6(b), it can be seen that the signal-to-noise ratio of the baseband signal after passing through the low-pass filter is increased by L times at ω ═ 0, because the ADC sampling rate is increased by L times than the original one, so that the higher speed ADC sampling results in more information being collected, and after coherent accumulation, the higher signal-to-noise ratio is obtained, but the cost for this is: the ADC device cost, computational cost, storage cost, etc. are greatly rising.
Based on the above analysis, the present invention provides a method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of an antenna without increasing the sampling rate of an ADC, and the specific analysis is as follows:
designing a new sampling impulse pulse sequence, which does not change ADC sampling rate, but inserts L-1 zero values between two pulses to construct a period TsOf 'interpolated zero-valued' impulse sequences
Figure GDA0003121461740000051
As shown in FIG. 7(a), its spectrogram
Figure GDA0003121461740000052
As shown in fig. 7 (b).
In this embodiment, L is 3, and the period is T in fig. 7(a)sThe 'interpolated L-1 zero-valued' impulse sequences are formed by adding and combining three impulse sequences, as shown in FIG. 8, with a period of TsBy interpolating 2 zero-valued impulse sequences
Figure GDA0003121461740000053
From period to
Figure GDA0003121461740000054
Impulse sequence of
Figure GDA0003121461740000055
Period of TsImpulse sequence of
Figure GDA0003121461740000056
And
Figure GDA0003121461740000057
and (5) combining and forming.
The following derivation "interpolates L-1 zero-valued" impulse sequences
Figure GDA0003121461740000058
General expression, with period of the above figure
Figure GDA0003121461740000059
Impulse sequence
Figure GDA00031214617400000510
Corresponds to a period of
Figure GDA00031214617400000511
Impulse sequence of
Figure GDA00031214617400000512
And the period of the previous figure is TsImpulse sequence
Figure GDA00031214617400000513
Corresponding to a period of TsImpulse sequence of
Figure GDA00031214617400000514
And the period of the previous figure is TsImpulse sequence
Figure GDA00031214617400000515
Corresponding to a period of TsImpulse sequence of
Figure GDA00031214617400000516
So that the period is TsIs interpolated with L-1 zero-valued impulse sequences
Figure GDA00031214617400000517
Its corresponding Fourier transform in the frequency domain
Figure GDA00031214617400000518
Also a periodic sequence, is formed by the Fourier transform addition combination of the three periodic impulse sequences, namely
Figure GDA0003121461740000061
The baseband signal is processed by 'interpolation of L-1 zero-value' impulse sequences
Figure GDA0003121461740000062
The sampled discrete sequence time domain and frequency domain oscillograms are respectively
Figure GDA0003121461740000063
And
Figure GDA0003121461740000064
as shown in FIGS. 9(a), (b), and satisfies
Figure GDA0003121461740000065
When the Nyquist sampling theorem is satisfied, the frequency spectrum of the sampling signal can be obtained after passing through a low-pass filter
Figure GDA0003121461740000066
In which the frequency spectrum of the original signal is recovered, i.e. the signal is sampled from the baseband
Figure GDA0003121461740000067
The antenna reception signal f (t) is recovered. Note that: from
Figure GDA0003121461740000068
As can be seen in the spectrogram, the peak value of the spectrum is
Figure GDA0003121461740000069
It is apparent that the spectral peak is increased compared to fig. 6(b)
Figure GDA00031214617400000610
The signal-to-noise ratio is improved to a great extent.
Based on the above analysis, the present invention provides a data sampling device for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna receiving signal, which comprises 1 clock generator, 1L frequency divider, and 1 clock pulse meterCounter, 1L multiplexer and 1 sampling rate 1/TsThe ADC device can be constructed and realized with a period of TsIs interpolated by L-1 zero-valued discrete sequences
Figure GDA00031214617400000611
As shown in fig. 10.
In FIG. 10, clock pulses generated by a clock generator are fed into a pulse counter, the output C of which1,…,CNAs selection control signal for multiplexer (address code, C from high order to low order)1,…,CN) The value of N depends on L, and the relation between L and L is 2NAnd L is the number of zero values to be interpolated. The other path of the clock generator generates a clock signal with a period L times of the clock period of the counter after frequency division by L, and the clock signal is sent to the ADC of the analog-to-digital sampler for sampling, and the sampling output of the ADC is accessed to the data port S of the multiplexer1And the other port S of the multiplexer2,…,SLAre all grounded. Thus, a period of T is realizedsIs interpolated by L-1 zero-valued discrete sequences
Figure GDA0003121461740000071
Sampling of (3).
The truth table for the data selector is written below, as shown in table 1, taking as an example a discrete sequence of N2 and interpolated L-1 to 3 zeros.
TABLE 1
C1 C2 fT,L(n)
0 1 S1(ADC)
1 0 S2(0)
1 1 S3(0)
0 0 S4(0)
By selecting the control signal C1,C2(Address code) one path of data selected from 4 paths of data is sent to an output end fT,L(n) thereby
The invention firstly deduces the frequency spectrum change rule of the discrete sequence after the zero value is interpolated from the principle, thereby laying a foundation for hardware realization. And secondly, the physical realization device of the 'zero value interpolation' discrete sequence under the premise of not improving the sampling rate of the ADC is realized, the device has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna receiving signal, and can be widely applied to radar, communication and array signal processing.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A data sampling device for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of antenna receiving signals is characterized by comprising a clock generator, an L frequency divider, a clock pulse counter, an L multiplexer and a sampling rate of 1/TsADC deviceA member;
the clock pulse generated by the clock generator is fed into the pulse counter, the output C of the pulse counter1,…,CNThe clock pulse generated by the clock generator is also fed into the L frequency divider as the selection control signal of the L multiplexer, wherein L is 2N；
The L frequency divider generates a clock signal with a period which is L times of the clock period of the counter as a sampling clock of the ADC device;
the ADC device samples an input baseband signal, and the output of the ADC device is connected with one input end of the L multiplexer;
the other input ends of the L-shaped multiplexer are grounded and output under the control of the selection control signal, so that the period T is realizedsInterpolate samples of the L-1 zero-valued discrete sequence.
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