CN112986920A - Multi-broadband radar system capable of rapidly distinguishing target number - Google Patents
Multi-broadband radar system capable of rapidly distinguishing target number Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-broadband radar system capable of rapidly distinguishing a target number, which belongs to the technical field of radar and comprises an antenna module, a transceiver module, a waveform generation module and a signal processing module, wherein the antenna module, the waveform generation module and the signal processing module are all in communication connection with the transceiver module. On the basis of the design of a traditional radar system, waveforms with various bandwidths are generated according to a radar control command, power amplification, radiation and reception are completed through a transceiving module and an antenna module, processing such as beam forming, pulse compression and filtering of echo signals and data extraction and output are completed through a signal processing module, the requirements of normal detection and target frame resolution of a radar are met, and the radar system is worthy of popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radars, in particular to a multi-broadband radar system capable of rapidly distinguishing a target frame number.
Background
Most of the existing radar systems are designed with a signal bandwidth, a radar with a single bandwidth can only transmit a signal with a single bandwidth, the wider the bandwidth is, the finer the distance resolution to a target is, but the larger the data amount to be processed is, so that in order to meet the requirements of communication capacity and processing capacity, most of the radars are narrow-band radars, and only one narrow-band signal is transmitted by the radar, so that the detection requirement of the radar is met; in order to give consideration to processing requirements and distance high-resolution functions, two bandwidths are designed to work in a time-sharing mode, narrow-band work is generally adopted, when a certain batch of targets are uncertain to fly in a multi-target formation mode, a broadband waveform is emitted, high-resolution detection processing is carried out on the batch of targets, signals of an elevation angle range or a distance range near the position where the targets are located are only received for transmission processing in order to reduce data transmission pressure and rear-end processing pressure, and therefore targets in other elevation angle ranges or other distance ranges cannot be effectively detected, and finally, part of target points are lost, and therefore distance high-resolution processing cannot be continuously carried out on the targets.
With the development of aerospace technology, targets with small reflection areas, such as unmanned aerial vehicles and the like, frequently appear, and the distance between a plurality of aerial targets can be very close, so that the modern radar not only can continuously detect common aerial aircraft targets, but also can perform detection processing for distinguishing a plurality of small targets in the same batch. Therefore, a multi-broadband radar system capable of rapidly resolving the number of the target frames is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to better meet the detection requirement of complex targets, the problem that the radar system simultaneously realizes normal target detection and fast target frame number resolution in the actual use process is solved, and the multi-broadband radar system capable of fast target frame number resolution is provided.
The invention solves the technical problem through the following technical scheme, and the invention comprises an antenna module, a transceiver module, a waveform generation module and a signal processing module;
the antenna module is used for radiating the high-power electromagnetic wave signals to a detection airspace and receiving weak electromagnetic wave signals reflected from an aerial target;
the transceiver module is used for completing the amplification output of radio frequency signals and the amplitude limiting, amplification, filtering and frequency conversion processing of spatial weak signals;
the waveform generation module is used for generating waveforms completing various bandwidths according to the radar control command;
the signal processing module is used for realizing the functions of target signal extraction and frame resolution;
the antenna module, the waveform generation module and the signal processing module are all in communication connection with the transceiver module.
Furthermore, the antenna module comprises a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a rectangular array form, and each antenna element is respectively connected with the transceiver module through a feeder line.
Furthermore, the transceiver module comprises a waveform selection submodule, a plurality of transmitting power amplification submodules and a plurality of receiving processing submodules, wherein each input end of the waveform selection submodule is connected with the waveform generation module, each output end of the waveform selection submodule is correspondingly connected with one transmitting power amplification submodule and one receiving processing submodule respectively, and the transmitting power amplification submodule and the receiving processing submodule are connected with each antenna subarray formed by antenna arrays.
Furthermore, the waveform generation module comprises a plurality of waveform generation submodules, and each waveform generation submodule is respectively connected with the waveform selection submodule.
Furthermore, the waveform generation submodule comprises a frequency accumulator, a phase/amplitude conversion unit, an inverse SINC function filter and a D/A conversion unit which are connected in sequence, and a system clock signal is respectively input into the frequency accumulator, the phase accumulator and the D/A conversion unit.
Furthermore, the transmitting power amplifier module comprises a filtering submodule, a multi-level power division submodule, a multi-level amplification submodule and a multi-level synthesis submodule, wherein the filtering submodule is connected with the input end of the first-level power division submodule, the first-level power division submodule is cascaded with other power division submodules at all levels, the output end of the last-level power division submodule is connected with the first-level synthesis submodule, the first-level synthesis submodule is cascaded with other synthesis submodules at all levels, and the last-level synthesis submodule outputs a high-power transmitting signal to the antenna module.
Furthermore, the receiving processing sub-module sequentially receives, limits, amplifies, converts, filters and digitally samples the echo signal to form a digital baseband signal, and outputs the digital baseband signal to the signal processing module.
Furthermore, the signal processing module comprises a narrow-band signal processor and a wide-band signal processor, the narrow-band signal processor is used for carrying out filtering processing and constant false alarm processing after digital wave beams are subjected to digital pulse pressure, then threshold signals are extracted for carrying out trace point condensation, the condensed trace points are output to a data processing system for trace point correlation, distance, direction and height information of a real target are determined, and finally the data information is sent to a terminal computer for display; the broadband signal processor is used for performing pulse compression and filtering processing after data enters the signal processing module, then performing data caching and frame resolution processing, and sending a processing result to the terminal computer for displaying.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: this but many broadband radar system of quick resolution target frame is on the basis of traditional radar system design, according to radar control command, produces the wave form of multiple bandwidth to through transceiver module and antenna module, accomplish power amplification, radiation and receipt, signal processing module accomplishes processing such as beam forming, pulse compression, filtering of echo signal and the extraction output of data, satisfies the normal detection of radar and the resolution of target frame demand, is worth being used widely.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-bandwidth radar system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic composition diagram of an antenna module according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a transceiver module according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a waveform generation module according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of DDS waveform generation according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a transmitting power amplifier module in the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a receiving processing module according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a signal processing module in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example one
The embodiment provides a technical scheme: a multi-broadband radar system capable of rapidly distinguishing a target number comprises an antenna module, a receiving and transmitting module, a waveform generating module and a signal processing module;
the antenna module is used for radiating the high-power electromagnetic wave signals to a detection airspace and receiving weak electromagnetic wave signals reflected from an aerial target;
the transceiver module is used for completing the amplification output of radio frequency signals and the amplitude limiting, amplification, filtering and frequency conversion processing of spatial weak signals;
the waveform generation module is used for generating waveforms completing various bandwidths according to the radar control command;
the signal processing module is used for realizing the functions of target signal extraction and frame resolution;
the antenna module, the waveform generation module and the signal processing module are all in communication connection with the transceiver module.
In this embodiment, the antenna module includes a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a rectangular array, and each of the antenna elements is connected to the transceiver module through a feeder line.
In this embodiment, the transceiver module includes a waveform selection submodule, a plurality of transmission power amplification submodules, and a plurality of reception processing submodules, each input end of the waveform selection submodule is connected to the waveform generation module, each output end is correspondingly connected to one of the transmission power amplification submodules and one of the plurality of reception processing submodules, and the transmission power amplification submodule and the reception processing submodule are connected to each antenna subarray formed by antenna arrays.
In this embodiment, the waveform generation module includes a plurality of waveform generation sub-modules, and each waveform generation sub-module is connected to the waveform selection sub-module.
In this embodiment, the waveform generation submodule includes a frequency accumulator, a phase/amplitude conversion unit, an inverse SINC function filter, and a D/a conversion unit, which are connected in sequence, and a system clock signal is respectively input to the frequency accumulator, the phase accumulator, and the D/a conversion unit.
In this embodiment, the transmission power amplifier module includes a filtering submodule, a multi-level power division submodule, a multi-level amplification submodule, and a multi-level synthesis submodule, where the filtering submodule is connected to an input end of the first-level power division submodule, the first-level power division submodule is cascaded with the rest of the power division submodules at each level, an output end of the last-level power division submodule is connected to the first-level synthesis submodule, the first-level synthesis submodule is cascaded with the rest of the synthesis submodules at each level, and the last-level synthesis submodule outputs a high-power transmission signal to the antenna module.
In this embodiment, the receiving processing sub-module sequentially receives, limits, amplifies, converts, filters, and digitally samples the echo signal to form a digital baseband signal, and outputs the digital baseband signal to the signal processing module.
In this embodiment, the signal processing module includes a narrowband signal processor and a broadband signal processor, the narrowband signal processor is configured to perform filtering processing and constant false alarm processing on a digital beam after digital pulse pressure, then extract a threshold signal to perform trace point aggregation, output the aggregated trace point to a data processing system to perform trace point correlation, determine distance, direction and height information of a real target, and finally send data information to a terminal computer for display; the broadband signal processor is used for performing pulse compression and filtering processing after data enters the signal processing module, then performing data caching and frame resolution processing, and sending a processing result to the terminal computer for displaying.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-bandwidth radar system according to the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes: the device comprises an antenna module, a transceiver module, a waveform generation module and a signal processing module; the antenna module is responsible for radiating high-power electromagnetic wave signals to a detection airspace and receiving weak electromagnetic wave signals reflected from an aerial target; the receiving and transmitting module is mainly responsible for receiving and transmitting signals, and completes the amplification output of radio frequency signals and the amplitude limiting, amplification, filtering and frequency conversion processing of spatial weak signals; the waveform generation module is mainly used for generating waveforms with various bandwidths according to the radar control command; the signal processing module is used for realizing the functions of target signal extraction and frame resolution.
As shown in fig. 2, the antenna module is composed of a plurality of antenna elements, and the antenna elements are arranged in j rows and k columns. Each antenna element is an independent small antenna, is connected with the transceiving module through a feeder line, radiates high-power transmitting signals to a space region, and covers a detection airspace together with high-power signals radiated by other antenna elements; during the emission rest period, the electromagnetic wave reflected by the space target is received, and the reflected electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the receiving processing channel.
As shown in fig. 3, the transceiver module mainly includes a waveform selection module, a transmission power amplifier module and a receiving processing module; the waveform selection module receives signals of various bandwidth waveforms output by the waveform generation module, selects a signal of a certain waveform bandwidth waveform according to a control command, performs phase shifting on the signal according to a phase control command, and outputs the signal to the corresponding transmission power amplification module and the corresponding receiving processing module; the transmitting power amplification module carries out filtering and power amplification on the received waveform signal and radiates the waveform signal to the whole detection airspace through the antenna module; the receiving processing module is responsible for receiving the external weak signals received by the antenna module, amplifying, filtering and frequency converting the external weak signals, and extracting useful target echo signals.
As shown in fig. 4, the waveform generation module is composed of a plurality of waveform generation submodules, each waveform generation submodule can generate a required signal waveform according to a radar control command, the signal waveforms and bandwidths generated by each waveform generation submodule may be the same or different, and the work of each waveform generation submodule is not affected. The design has the advantages that a plurality of waveforms can be generated simultaneously, the waveforms generated by each waveform generation submodule can be in different forms such as frequency, bandwidth and the like, one or more waveform generation submodules are damaged, the work of the normal waveform generation submodule cannot be influenced, and the radar system can utilize the normal waveform generation submodule to realize the detection function of the radar.
As shown in fig. 5, the waveform generation submodule uses a phase control and waveform generation technology based on DDS, and generates a waveform signal suitable for requirements through a frequency accumulator, a phase accumulator, and amplitude and phase control, and the DDS waveform formation can realize high-precision phase control, and can flexibly change parameters such as frequency, pulse width, bandwidth and the like of the signal according to needs. The radar signal processing module inputs an initial frequency control word K and an incremental frequency word delta K (frequency modulation slope) to the DDS under the control of the display control module, and the frequency accumulator finishes delta K frequency accumulation once per clock period under the action of a system clock fc, and the phase accumulator finishes phase accumulation once according to the output of the frequency accumulator. And (3) searching a sine function table according to the output addressing of the phase accumulator, converting the phase information into amplitude information, and then obtaining the required waveform through D/A conversion and low-pass filtering.
As shown in fig. 6, the transmitting power amplifier module completes the function of amplifying the waveform, and after the waveform generated by the radar is output to the power amplifier module, the filtering is performed first, then the multistage power division, amplification and synthesis are performed, and a high-power transmitting signal meeting the radar task requirement is generated and output to the radar antenna.
As shown in fig. 7, the receiving processing module completes receiving, amplitude limiting, amplifying, frequency converting, filtering and digital sampling of the echo signal, forms a digital baseband signal, and outputs the digital baseband signal to the signal processing module to form a digital beam.
As shown in fig. 8, the signal processing module is divided into a narrow-band signal processor and a wide-band signal processor, the narrow-band signal processor performs filtering processing and constant false alarm processing after digital pulse pressure, then extracts threshold-crossing signals to perform trace-point aggregation, outputs the aggregated trace-point to a data processing system to perform trace-point correlation, determines distance, direction and height information of a real target, and finally sends data to a terminal computer for display; the broadband signal processor mainly completes the shelf resolution task of the target, performs pulse compression and filtering processing after data enters the signal processing module, performs data caching and shelf resolution processing, and sends the processing result to the terminal computer for display.
The pulse compression is an effective method for solving the contradiction between the radar action distance and the distance resolution, and the distance resolution of the radar can be improved on the premise of not losing the power of the radar. The pulse compression process mainly adopts a time domain correlation method, namely, the complex convolution operation is carried out on an echo sequence s (n) and an impulse response sequence h (n) of a matched filter in the time domain; according to the Fourier transform theory, time domain convolution is equivalent to frequency domain multiplication, and in order to simplify operation and improve operation efficiency, the invention adopts an FFT mode to convert the time domain convolution operation into the frequency domain multiplication operation to realize the pulse compression function.
The background of echo signals of a radar detection target is quite complex and comprises built-in noise, various clutter, active interference and the like, and effective clutter suppression, namely filtering processing, is required to be carried out in order to extract useful moving target echo signals from the complex background; the filtering processing method mainly comprises moving target display (MTI) and Moving Target Detection (MTD), wherein in MTI radar filtering, the echo data part of a static object has no Doppler frequency modulation, and the amplitude-phase condition in each echo pulse is almost unchanged, so that the static target echo can be eliminated after different pulses are subtracted, and the purpose of clutter suppression is achieved; moving Target Detection (MTD) is implemented by using a doppler filter bank to suppress radar clutter and detect a target, and generally by using an FIR filter bank with optimized design.
The constant false alarm control is to compare the false alarm frequency in the sample unit in the area with the set false alarm rate, control the ascending and descending change of the threshold according to the comparison result, and finally control the false alarm within the specified range.
The point trace aggregation processing is to filter the distance units occupied by the echo data, filter the data with too small or too large occupied distance units, merge the continuous point trace data with adjacent distance and amplitude exceeding the threshold into the same group of point trace data, and perform orientation aggregation on the same group of point trace data to obtain the distance and orientation estimated values of the aggregated point traces. For pulse compression signals, the effective bandwidth of radar signals is determined to determine the distance resolution, the wider the effective bandwidth is, the better the distance resolution is, and when the signal bandwidth is 10MHz, the distance resolution can reach 15m theoretically; when the target is distinguished for the shelf time, the radar transmits broadband waveform signals, after pulse pressure and filtering processing, the processed data are cached and processed aiming at the condition of large processed data volume, then the processed data are output according to the distance sequence, the radar estimates the shelf time of the target machine according to the amplitude of the signals at different distances, and meanwhile, the distance and the amplitude are displayed on a display interface for a user to confirm and judge.
To sum up, the multi-broadband radar system capable of rapidly distinguishing the target number of.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A can distinguish many broadband radar system of rack time fast which characterized in that: the device comprises an antenna module, a transceiver module, a waveform generation module and a signal processing module;
the antenna module is used for radiating the high-power electromagnetic wave signals to a detection airspace and receiving weak electromagnetic wave signals reflected from an aerial target;
the transceiver module is used for completing the amplification output of radio frequency signals and the amplitude limiting, amplification, filtering and frequency conversion processing of spatial weak signals;
the waveform generation module is used for generating waveforms completing various bandwidths according to the radar control command;
the signal processing module is used for realizing the functions of target signal extraction and frame resolution;
the antenna module, the waveform generation module and the signal processing module are all in communication connection with the transceiver module.
2. The multi-broadband radar system capable of fast resolving the target rank of claim 1, wherein: the antenna module comprises a plurality of antenna elements which are arranged in a rectangular array mode, and each antenna element is connected with the transceiver module through a feeder line.
3. The multi-broadband radar system capable of fast resolving the target number according to claim 2, wherein: the receiving and transmitting module comprises a waveform selection submodule, a plurality of transmitting power amplification submodules and a plurality of receiving processing submodules, wherein each input end of the waveform selection submodule is connected with the waveform generation module, each output end of the waveform selection submodule is correspondingly connected with one transmitting power amplification submodule and one receiving processing submodule respectively, and the transmitting power amplification submodule and the receiving processing submodule are connected with each antenna subarray formed by antenna arrays.
4. The multi-broadband radar system capable of fast resolving the target rank of claim 3, wherein: the waveform generation module comprises a plurality of waveform generation submodules, and each waveform generation submodule is connected with the waveform selection submodule respectively.
5. The multi-broadband radar system capable of fast resolving the target rank of claim 4, wherein: the waveform generation submodule comprises a frequency accumulator, a phase/amplitude conversion unit, an inverse SINC function filter and a D/A conversion unit which are connected in sequence, and a system clock signal is respectively input into the frequency accumulator, the phase accumulator and the D/A conversion unit.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the multi-wideband radar system is capable of fast resolving the target rank: the transmitting power amplifier module comprises a filtering submodule, a multi-level power division submodule, a multi-level amplification submodule and a multi-level synthesis submodule, wherein the filtering submodule is connected with the input end of a first-level power division submodule, the first-level power division submodule is cascaded with other power division submodules at all levels, the output end of a last-level power division submodule is connected with the first-level synthesis submodule, the first-level synthesis submodule is cascaded with other synthesis submodules at all levels, and a high-power transmitting signal is output to the antenna module by the last-level synthesis submodule.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the multi-broadband radar system is capable of fast resolving the target number of the target frames: the receiving processing submodule receives, limits, amplifies, converts, filters and digitally samples the echo signal in sequence to form a digital baseband signal, and outputs the digital baseband signal to the signal processing module.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the multi-wideband radar system is capable of fast resolving the target rank: the signal processing module comprises a narrow-band signal processor and a wide-band signal processor; the narrow-band signal processor is used for performing filtering processing and constant false alarm processing on the digital wave beam after digital pulse pressure, then extracting threshold-passing signals to perform point trace condensation, outputting the condensed point trace to a data processing system to perform point trace correlation, determining distance, direction and height information of a real target, and finally sending the data information to a terminal computer to be displayed; the broadband signal processor is used for performing pulse compression and filtering processing after data enters the signal processing module, then performing data caching and frame resolution processing, and sending a processing result to the terminal computer for displaying.
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