CN108599567B - Quick voltage stabilization implementation method of switching power supply and switching power supply - Google Patents

Quick voltage stabilization implementation method of switching power supply and switching power supply Download PDF

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CN108599567B
CN108599567B CN201810435863.XA CN201810435863A CN108599567B CN 108599567 B CN108599567 B CN 108599567B CN 201810435863 A CN201810435863 A CN 201810435863A CN 108599567 B CN108599567 B CN 108599567B
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time
power supply
switching power
module
add
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CN108599567A (en
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袁冰
周宏哲
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Xiamen Yuanshun Microelectronics Technology Co ltd
Unisonic Technologies Co Ltd
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Xiamen Yuanshun Microelectronics Technology Co ltd
Unisonic Technologies Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid voltage stabilization implementation method of a switching power supply, which comprises the following steps: generating an error amplification signal V COMP according to the feedback voltage V FB and the internal reference voltage V REF of the switching power supply; the feedback voltage V FB is superposed with the input ripple voltage to generate a ripple superposition signal V ADD; comparing the sizes of the V COMP and the V ADD, and controlling the on-off of the main switch; comparing the V COMP with the V ADD, and judging the working state of the switching power supply; when the switching power supply is judged to be in a steady-state working state, the on time and the minimum off time of the main switch are unchanged; when the switching power supply is judged to be in a dynamic working state in a load step, namely V COMP is larger than V ADD, the on time of the main switch is increased, the minimum off time is reduced, and then the dynamic corresponding speed is accelerated, so that the rapid voltage stabilization is realized. The invention also provides a switching power supply using the method, and the working state of the switching power supply can be judged by adding the judging module and the regulating module, so that the on-off time and the minimum off time of the main switch are regulated, and the rapid voltage stabilization is realized.

Description

Quick voltage stabilization implementation method of switching power supply and switching power supply
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of switching power supply voltage stabilization, in particular to a rapid voltage stabilization realization method of a switching power supply and the switching power supply.
Background
With the rapid development of electronic technology, power supply technology has also achieved unprecedented progress. The switching power supply is widely used in various electronic devices in a small size, a light weight and a high efficiency.
The control mode of the switching power supply can be divided into fixed frequency control and variable frequency control. In the conventional variable frequency control mode, the on time of the main switch is fixed, the off time is changed along with the change of the output voltage and the load, compared with the fixed frequency control mode, the variable frequency control mode does not need to wait for the arrival of the next period when the load is stepped, and when the output voltage is changed, the next period can be quickly started by shortening the off time, so that the response speed is relatively faster. However, with the development of technology, the response speed of the conventional variable frequency control mode cannot meet the requirements and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fast voltage stabilizing implementation method of a switching power supply, which can shorten the on time of a main switch, and comprises the following steps:
The switching power supply is provided with a feedback circuit, a feedback voltage V FB is obtained, and an error amplification signal V COMP is generated according to the feedback voltage V FB and a reference voltage V REF in the switching power supply;
The feedback voltage V FB is superposed with the input ripple voltage to generate a ripple superposition signal V ADD;
comparing the sizes of the V COMP and the V ADD, and controlling the on-off of the main switch;
Comparing the V COMP with the V ADD, and judging the working state of the switching power supply; when the switching power supply is judged to be in a steady-state working state, the on time and the minimum off time of the main switch are unchanged; when the switching power supply is judged to be in a dynamic working state in a load step, namely V COMP is larger than V ADD, the on time of the main switch is increased, the minimum off time is reduced, and then the dynamic corresponding speed is accelerated, so that the rapid voltage stabilization is realized.
The invention also provides a switching power supply using the method, which provides output voltage V OUT for a load, and comprises a feedback module, a comparison module, a driving module, a conduction time control module, a minimum turn-off time control module, a judging module and an adjusting module.
The feedback module acquires feedback voltage V FB, generates an error amplification signal V COMP according to V FB and reference voltage V REF in the switching power supply, and superimposes V FB and the input ripple voltage to generate a ripple superimposed signal V ADD;
The comparison module compares the V ADD with the V COMP, determines the on-off state of the main switch, and sends an instruction to the driving module;
The driving module receives the instruction of the comparison module to realize the on-off of the main switch;
the on-time control module controls the on-time of the main switch in each period;
The minimum turn-off time control module controls the minimum turn-off time of the main switch of each period;
The judging module judges the working state of the switching power supply of each period according to V ADD and V COMP;
The adjusting module correspondingly adjusts the on time and the minimum off time according to the judging result of the judging module; when the V OUT is in a stable state, the regulating module does not work; when V OUT is in a step state, that is, V COMP is greater than V ADD, the adjusting module controls the on-time control module to increase the on-time, controls the minimum off-time to decrease the minimum off-time, shortens the time of one period, and accelerates the dynamic response speed, so that the switching power supply can quickly stabilize the output voltage.
Further, the feedback module comprises an error amplifier and a ripple generator; the error amplifier compares the V FB with the V REF and generates V COMP according to the difference value of the V FB and the V REF; the ripple generator outputs stable triangular waves and is overlapped with the V FB to generate V ADD, so that when the switching power supply is in a stable state, V ADD is larger than V COMP; the comparison module includes a first comparator that compares the V COMP and V ADD.
Further, the driving module comprises a logic element and a driving circuit.
Further, the on-time control module comprises a current source I1, a capacitor C1, a switch K1 and a second comparator which are related to the input voltage V IN; the C1 one end is grounded, the other end is connected with the I1 for charging, the K1 is connected with the C1 in parallel, the second comparator compares the potential of the C1 with a preset potential V1, when the potential of the C1 reaches V1, the on-time control module controls the driving module to close the main switch, meanwhile, the K1 is closed, the K1 is disconnected when the next period starts, the I1 charges the C1 again, and thus the fixed on-time of each period is repeatedly formed.
The minimum turn-off time control module is similar to the turn-on time control module and comprises a current source I2, a capacitor C2, a switch K2 and a third comparator, wherein one end of the C2 is grounded, the other end of the C2 is connected with the I2 for charging, the K2 is connected with the C2 in parallel, the third comparator compares the potential of the C2 with a preset potential V2, and when the potential of the C2 reaches V2, the minimum turn-off time control module controls the driving module to turn on the main switch, meanwhile, the K2 is turned on, and the K2 is turned off until the next period starts.
Further, the judging module judges that the device comprises a fourth comparator, and the fourth comparator compares the V COMP with the V ADD; the regulating module comprises a current source I3, a current source I4, a switch K3 and a switch K4.
The I3 is connected with the C1 through K3, and the current direction of the I3 is opposite to the current direction of the I1; the I4 is connected with the C2 through K4; the I4 direction is the same as the I2 direction; the fourth comparator is connected with and controls the K3 and the K4; when V COMP is larger than V ADD, K3 and K4 are closed, I3 counteracts I1, I4 is overlapped, the charging time of I2 and C1 is long, the charging time of C2 is short, the on time is long, the minimum off time is short, and the response speed of the control circuit is accelerated.
From the above description of the invention, it is clear that the invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
The application provides a fast voltage stabilization realization method of a switching power supply and the switching power supply, wherein a judging module and an adjusting module are added in the switching power supply, so that the working state of the switching power supply can be judged, the on-off time of a main switch is adjusted through the adjusting module, when a load is stepped and the switching power supply is in a dynamic working state, the on-time of the main switch is increased, the minimum off-time is reduced, and the dynamic corresponding speed is further accelerated, so that fast voltage stabilization is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention.
Wherein:
fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional variable frequency control mode;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fast voltage regulation step of the switching power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a decision module and a conditioning module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of a conventional fixed on-time architecture;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of an on-time architecture of the present invention;
The symbols in fig. 1 are represented as: the circuit comprises an 11-resistor, a 12-error amplifier, a 13-ripple generator, a 21-first comparator, a 31-logic element, a 32-driving circuit, a 40-on time control module, a 50-minimum off time control module, a 60-judging module and a 70-adjusting module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear and obvious, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The control modes of the switching power supply can be divided into fixed frequency control and variable frequency control, referring to fig. 1, the main switch in the conventional variable frequency control mode has fixed on time, the off time changes along with the change of output voltage and load, and the working principle is as follows: the output voltage V OUT is divided by the resistor 11 to obtain the feedback voltage V FB, the error amplifier 12 amplifies the difference between the V FB and the reference voltage V REF in the switching power supply to obtain the error amplified signal V COMP, the ripple generator 13 generates a triangular wave with a certain amplitude and the triangular wave is overlapped with the V FB to obtain the ripple overlapped signals V ADD,VCOMP and V ADD, the turn-off of the main switch in each period is determined by the comparator, and the turn-on time of the main switch in each period is determined by the turn-on time control module 40. While the minimum off-time control module 50 may avoid the 100% duty cycle phenomenon. The main switch of the control loop has a fixed on time, and the off time varies with the output voltage and the load, so the switching frequency is not fixed. Compared with a fixed frequency control mode, the variable frequency control does not need to wait for the arrival of the next period when the load is in step, and the next period can be quickly started when the output voltage changes, so that the response speed is faster.
Referring to fig. 2, the present application provides a method for implementing fast voltage regulation of a switching power supply, which can shorten the on time of a main switch, and the method includes:
The switching power supply is provided with a feedback circuit, a feedback voltage V FB is obtained, and an error amplification signal V COMP is generated according to the feedback voltage V FB and a reference voltage V REF in the switching power supply;
The feedback voltage V FB is superposed with the input ripple voltage to generate a ripple superposition signal V ADD;
comparing the sizes of the V COMP and the V ADD, and controlling the on-off of the main switch;
Comparing the V COMP with the V ADD, and judging the working state of the switching power supply; when the switching power supply is judged to be in a steady-state working state, the on time and the minimum off time of the main switch are unchanged; when the switching power supply is judged to be in a dynamic working state in a load step, namely V COMP is larger than V ADD, the on time of the main switch is increased, the minimum off time is reduced, and then the dynamic corresponding speed is accelerated, so that the rapid voltage stabilization is realized.
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention further provides a switching power supply using the above method, where the switching power supply provides an output voltage V OUT for a load, and the switching power supply includes a feedback module, a comparison module, a driving module, an on-time control module 40, a minimum off-time control module 50, a determination module 60, and an adjustment module 70.
The feedback module comprises an error amplifier 12, a ripple generator 13; the error amplifier 12 compares the V FB with V REF and generates V COMP based on the difference between the two; the ripple generator 13 outputs a stable triangular wave and is overlapped with the V FB to generate V ADD, so that when the switching power supply is in a stable state, the V ADD is larger than the V COMP; the comparison module comprises a first comparator 21, the first comparator 21 comparing the V COMP and V ADD.
The drive module comprises a logic element 31 and a drive circuit 32.
Referring to fig. 4, the on-time control module 40 includes a current source I1, a capacitor C1, a switch K1 and a second comparator, which are related to an input voltage V IN; the one end of the C1 is grounded, the other end of the C1 is connected with the I1 for charging, the K1 is connected with the C1 in parallel, the second comparator compares the potential of the C1 with a preset potential V1, when the potential of the C1 reaches V1, the on-time control module 40 controls the driving module to close the main switch, meanwhile, the K1 is closed, the K1 is disconnected until the next period starts, the I1 charges the C1 again, and thus the fixed on-time of each period is repeatedly formed.
The minimum turn-off time control module 50 is similar to the turn-on time control module 40, and includes a current source I2, a capacitor C2, a switch K2, and a third comparator, wherein one end of the C2 is grounded, the other end of the C2 is connected with the I2 for charging, the K2 is connected in parallel with the C2, the third comparator compares the potential of the C2 with a preset potential V2, and when the potential of the C2 reaches V2, the minimum turn-off time control module 50 controls the driving module to turn on the main switch, and simultaneously the K2 is turned on, and the K2 is turned off until the next period starts.
The judging module 60 judges that the apparatus includes a fourth comparator that compares the V COMP and V ADD; the regulation module 70 includes a current source I3, a current source I4, a switch K3, and a switch K4.
The I3 is connected with the C1 through K3, and the current direction of the I3 is opposite to the current direction of the I1; the I4 is connected with the C2 through K4; the I4 direction is the same as the I2 direction; the fourth comparator is connected with and controls the K3 and the K4; when V COMP is larger than V ADD, K3 and K4 are closed, I3 counteracts I1, I4 is overlapped, the charging time of I2 and C1 is long, the charging time of C2 is short, the on time is long, the minimum off time is short, and the response speed of the control circuit is accelerated.
The working principle of the switching power supply is as follows: the feedback module acquires feedback voltage V FB, generates an error amplification signal V COMP according to V FB and reference voltage V REF in the switching power supply, and superimposes V FB and the input ripple voltage to generate a ripple superimposed signal V ADD;
The comparison module compares the V ADD with the V COMP, determines the on-off state of the main switch, and sends an instruction to the driving module;
The driving module receives the instruction of the comparison module to realize the on-off of the main switch;
the on-time control module 40 controls the on-time of the main switch for each cycle;
The minimum off time control module 50 controls the minimum off time of the main switch for each cycle;
The judging module 60 judges the working state of the switching power supply of each period according to V ADD and V COMP;
the adjusting module 70 correspondingly adjusts the on time and the minimum off time according to the judgment result of the judging module 60; when the V OUT is in a steady state, the regulation module 70 is not operating; when V OUT is in a step state, that is, V COMP is greater than V ADD, the adjusting module 70 controls the on-time control module 40 to increase the on-time, controls the minimum off-time to decrease the minimum off-time, shortens the time of one period, and accelerates the dynamic response speed, so that the switching power supply can quickly stabilize the output voltage.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of a conventional fixed on-time architecture, when a load suddenly increases, the output capacitor supplies power to the outside at this time, the output voltage V OUT decreases, the feedback voltage V FB decreases, the error amplification signal V COMP increases accordingly, the ripple superimposed signal V ADD decreases, the loop enters into a variable frequency operation at this time, the main switch charges at a fixed on-time every period, the minimum off-time freewheels, and the frequency increases compared with the normal operation to obtain a fast response capability. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a switching power supply according to the present application, when the load suddenly increases, the loop still enters into a frequency conversion operation, and at this time, the loop detects that the error amplification signal V COMP exceeds the ripple superimposed signal V ADD, and the loop enters into a second working state, so that the on time of the main switch is increased, the minimum off time is reduced, the inductor current supplements energy to the output as soon as possible, the decrease amplitude of the output voltage V OUT is reduced, and the normal value can be recovered in a shorter time, so that the response speed is further increased.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the method for realizing the rapid voltage stabilization of the switching power supply and the switching power supply provided by the invention have the advantages that the working state of the switching power supply can be judged by adding the judging module and the adjusting module into the switching power supply, the on-off time of the main switch is adjusted by the adjusting module, when the load is stepped, and the switching power supply is in a dynamic working state, the on-time of the main switch is increased, the minimum off time is reduced, and the dynamic corresponding speed is further accelerated, so that the rapid voltage stabilization is realized.
While the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of being modified or applied directly to other applications without modification, as long as various insubstantial modifications of the method concept and technical solution of the invention are adopted, all within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The switching power supply is used for providing output voltage V OUT for a load and is characterized by comprising a feedback module, a comparison module, a driving module, a conduction time control module, a minimum turn-off time control module, a judging module and an adjusting module; the driving module comprises a logic element and a driving circuit;
The feedback module acquires feedback voltage V FB, generates an error amplification signal V COMP according to V FB and reference voltage V REF in the switching power supply, and superimposes V FB and the input ripple voltage to generate a ripple superimposed signal V ADD;
The comparison module compares the V ADD with the V COMP and determines the on-off state of the main switch;
The driving module receives the instruction of the comparison module to realize the on-off of the main switch;
the on-time control module controls the on-time of the main switch in each period;
The minimum turn-off time control module controls the minimum turn-off time of the main switch of each period;
The judging module judges the working state of the switching power supply of each period;
The adjusting module correspondingly adjusts the on time and the minimum off time according to the judging result of the judging module; when the V OUT is in a stable state, the regulating module does not work; when the V OUT is in a step state, the regulating module controls the on-time control module to increase the on-time, and controls the minimum off-time control module to reduce the minimum off-time, so that the dynamic response speed is accelerated;
The on-time control module comprises a current source I1, a capacitor C1, a switch K1 and a second comparator which are related to an input voltage V IN; one end of the C1 is grounded, the other end of the C1 is connected with the I1 for charging, the K1 is connected with the C1 in parallel, the second comparator compares the potential of the C1 with a preset potential V1, when the potential of the C1 reaches V1, the on-time control module controls the driving module to close the main switch, meanwhile, the K1 is closed, and the K1 is opened until the next period starts; the minimum turn-off time control module comprises a current source I2, a capacitor C2, a switch K2 and a third comparator, one end of the C2 is grounded, the other end of the C2 is connected with the I2 for charging, the K2 is connected with the C2 in parallel, the third comparator compares the potential of the C2 with a preset potential V2, when the potential of the C2 reaches V2, the minimum turn-off time control module controls the driving module to turn on the main switch, meanwhile, the K2 is turned on, and the K2 is turned off until the next period starts.
2. A switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the feedback module comprises an error amplifier, a ripple generator; the error amplifier compares the V FB with the V REF and generates V COMP according to the difference value of the V FB and the V REF; the ripple generator outputs stable triangular waves and is overlapped with the V FB to generate V ADD; the comparison module includes a first comparator that compares the V COMP and V ADD.
3. The switching power supply of claim 1 wherein said determination module includes a fourth comparator, said fourth comparator comparing said V COMP and V ADD; the adjusting module comprises a current source I3, a current source I4, a switch K3 and a switch K4; the I3 is connected with the C1 through K3, and the direction of the I3 is opposite to the direction of the I1; the I4 is connected with the C2 through K4; the I4 direction is the same as the I2 direction; the fourth comparator is connected with and controls the K3 and the K4; when V COMP is larger than V ADD, K3 and K4 are closed, I3 counteracts I1, I4 is overlapped, the charging time of I2 and C1 is long, the charging time of C2 is short, the on time is long, the minimum off time is short, and the response speed of the control circuit is accelerated.
4. A method for realizing rapid voltage stabilization of a switching power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that,
Generating an error amplification signal V COMP according to the feedback voltage V FB and the internal reference voltage V REF of the switching power supply;
The feedback voltage V FB is superposed with the input ripple voltage to generate a ripple superposition signal V ADD;
Comparing the V COMP with the V ADD, and controlling the on-off of the main switch;
comparing the V COMP with the V ADD, and judging the working state of the switching power supply; when the switching power supply is judged to be in a steady-state working state, the on time and the minimum off time of the main switch are unchanged; when the switching power supply is judged to be in a load step and in a dynamic working state, the on time of the main switch is increased, the minimum off time is reduced, and then the dynamic corresponding speed is increased, so that the rapid voltage stabilization is realized.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102427294A (en) * 2011-09-14 2012-04-25 杭州矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 Constant-time control method and control circuit for switch type adjuster as well as switch type adjuster using control circuit
CN102655368A (en) * 2012-05-02 2012-09-05 常州大学 Method and device for controlling constant turn-off time of switching power supply
CN103023326A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 Constant time control method, control circuit and switching regulator using same
CN103427636A (en) * 2013-08-27 2013-12-04 电子科技大学 Transient response enhancement control circuit used for switch power source
CN208401739U (en) * 2018-05-09 2019-01-18 厦门元顺微电子技术有限公司 A kind of Switching Power Supply

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102427294A (en) * 2011-09-14 2012-04-25 杭州矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 Constant-time control method and control circuit for switch type adjuster as well as switch type adjuster using control circuit
CN102655368A (en) * 2012-05-02 2012-09-05 常州大学 Method and device for controlling constant turn-off time of switching power supply
CN103023326A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 Constant time control method, control circuit and switching regulator using same
CN103427636A (en) * 2013-08-27 2013-12-04 电子科技大学 Transient response enhancement control circuit used for switch power source
CN208401739U (en) * 2018-05-09 2019-01-18 厦门元顺微电子技术有限公司 A kind of Switching Power Supply

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