CN108599322B - Battery equalization control device and method - Google Patents
Battery equalization control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108599322B CN108599322B CN201810579320.5A CN201810579320A CN108599322B CN 108599322 B CN108599322 B CN 108599322B CN 201810579320 A CN201810579320 A CN 201810579320A CN 108599322 B CN108599322 B CN 108599322B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a battery equalization control device and a battery equalization control method, which solve the technical problem that the existing active equalization technology causes an overcompensation phenomenon of a single battery due to low equalization accuracy; the device is provided with a singlechip control unit, a battery information detection unit and a bidirectional power output unit, wherein the singlechip control unit is respectively connected with the battery information detection unit and the bidirectional power output unit; the battery information monitoring unit is provided with a voltage acquisition unit, a battery pack current acquisition unit and a single battery internal resistance acquisition unit. The invention is widely applied to the technical field of battery equalization.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a device and a method for controlling battery equalization, and more particularly, to a device and a method for controlling battery equalization.
Background
The single battery is limited by the limitation of voltage and capacity, and in practical application, a plurality of single batteries are often connected in series or in parallel to form a battery pack. The problem that the charge and discharge rates and the capacities of the single batteries connected in series in the battery pack are inconsistent is solved, so that the phenomenon of overshoot or overdischarge of the single batteries can occur in the charge and discharge process, and the whole battery pack enters a phase of elimination too early. Techniques for passive equalization and active equalization have thus emerged.
The existing active equalization technology judges whether to equalize the single battery according to the voltage of the single battery in the charging and discharging process; in fact, the voltage of the single battery cannot completely represent the residual capacity of the battery. Although the voltage of each single battery is low in the discharging process, the capacity of each single battery is relatively low, and if the single battery is balanced according to the voltage, the phenomenon of overcompensation occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery equalization control device and a battery equalization control method, which have high equalization accuracy and can avoid the overcompensation phenomenon of a single battery, aiming at the technical problem that the overcompensation phenomenon of the single battery is caused by low equalization accuracy of the existing active equalization technology.
Therefore, the invention provides a battery equalization control method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, after a battery pack is fully charged, controlling a single battery internal resistance acquisition unit to acquire the internal resistance of a single battery at regular time by a single chip microcomputer control unit and calculating the capacity;
step 2, in the discharging process, the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the voltage acquisition unit to detect the voltage of the single battery and calculates a voltage balance coefficient; the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the voltage acquisition unit to acquire the total voltage value of the battery pack and the voltage value of each single battery, and calculates to obtain a voltage balance coefficient VKi (Vi-V)/V, i is 1, 2, … …, n; wherein i represents the number of the batteries, Vi is the voltage value of each single battery, and V is the average voltage of the battery pack;
step 3, the single chip microcomputer control unit calculates a capacity equalization coefficient and calculates a discharge equalization coefficient by combining a voltage equalization coefficient; the discharge equilibrium coefficient is calculated by the following formula:
BKi＝Wv*VKi+Wc*CKi，i＝1，2，……，n；
wherein i represents the second battery, CKi is the capacity balance coefficient, namely the capacity value of the single battery; wv is the weight of the voltage equalization coefficient, and Wc is the weight of the capacity equalization coefficient;
step 4, the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the battery pack current acquisition unit to detect the discharge current value of the battery pack, calculates the current value of the single battery needing to be balanced according to the discharge balance coefficient, and selects the single battery serving as a balance object; the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the battery pack current acquisition unit to acquire battery pack discharge current Ii (i is 1, 2, … …, n), wherein i represents the second battery; the current value Pi (BKi) Ii (i 1, 2, … …, n) of the single battery needing to be balanced, which is to be output by the bidirectional power output unit; if Pi is a negative value, marking as 0;
the single chip microcomputer control unit sorts Pi (i is 1, 2, … …, n) according to size, compares the Pi with the average value of the Pi, and selects the single battery with the Pi larger than the average value as a balancing object;
and 5, controlling the corresponding bidirectional power output unit by the singlechip control unit to output the current with a corresponding value Pi.
Preferably, step 1 further comprises:
the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the temperature detection unit to detect the ambient temperature of the battery pack, obtains a capacity correction coefficient and corrects the capacity value of the single battery.
The method has the advantages that the internal resistance value of the single battery is introduced as an important basis for balance judgment, the internal resistance value of the single battery is detected by the device, the battery capacity is calculated, and a balance strategy is determined by combining the voltage and the discharge current of the single battery; whether a certain single battery is balanced or not is determined by the voltage and the internal resistance value of the single battery, and the balance strength is determined by the voltage, the internal resistance value and the discharge current of the single battery. The single battery equalization method has the advantages that the three parameters of the voltage, the discharge current and the internal resistance value of the battery of the single battery are converted according to the two parameters of the voltage and the discharge current of the single battery, and the equalization accuracy in the discharge equalization process is greatly improved. Compared with the conventional equalization method under the same condition, the equalization method and the system provided by the invention can improve the equalization degree of the battery by 10 percent in the charging and discharging process, can effectively avoid the occurrence of overcompensation of the single battery in the discharging process in the equalization process, and realize further refinement of the battery equalization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization control apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a battery discharge equalization process;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of battery connections.
Description of the symbols in the drawings
1. A voltage acquisition unit; 2. a battery pack current acquisition unit; 3. a unit for acquiring the internal resistance of the single battery; 4. a bidirectional power output unit; 5. a singlechip control unit; 6. a power conversion unit; 7. a temperature detection unit; 8. a battery pack information uploading unit; 9. and a parameter storage unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the battery balancing control device includes a single chip microcomputer control unit 5, and the single chip microcomputer control unit 5 is connected to a battery information detection unit, a bidirectional power output unit 4, a power conversion unit 6, a battery pack information uploading unit 8, and a parameter storage unit 9, respectively. The battery information detection unit comprises a voltage acquisition unit 1, a battery pack current acquisition unit 2, a single battery internal resistance acquisition unit 3 and a temperature detection unit 7.
And the voltage acquisition unit 1 is used for monitoring the voltage of the battery pack and the voltage of the single battery and providing basic basis for balancing the battery pack.
And the battery pack current acquisition unit 2 is used for monitoring the charge and discharge current of the battery pack and is convenient for correcting the equalization coefficient.
And the single battery internal resistance acquisition unit 3 is used for monitoring the alternating current internal resistance of the single battery, so that the capacity of the storage battery can be calculated conveniently, and the balance coefficient can be further corrected.
And the bidirectional power output unit 4 is used for realizing energy conversion between the battery pack and the single battery and completing the function of charge-discharge balance of the battery pack.
The single chip microcomputer control unit 5 is used for acquiring the operation information of the battery pack and the single battery through each acquisition unit, and performing operation processing on the acquired information to obtain a balanced output strategy; and controls the bidirectional power output unit 4 to output corresponding power, thereby realizing the balance of the single batteries.
And the power supply conversion unit 6 is used for taking power from two ends of the battery pack and providing a required power supply for the whole system.
And the temperature detection unit 7 is used for monitoring the temperature of the battery pack.
And the battery pack information uploading unit 8 is used for uploading the real-time running information of the battery pack to a user terminal through a GPRS module or a wired network so as to realize remote monitoring.
And the parameter storage unit 9 is used for storing battery pack and single battery parameters.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the battery balancing control method of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1, after the battery pack is fully charged, acquiring the internal resistance of a single battery at regular time, and calculating the capacity:
in the embodiment, the single chip microcomputer control unit 5 controls the single battery internal resistance acquisition unit 3 to work every ten days, sequentially obtains the internal resistance values of the single batteries of the battery pack, and calculates the capacity of each single battery; the singlechip control unit 5 controls the temperature detection unit 7 to detect the ambient temperature of the battery pack, obtain a capacity correction coefficient and correct the capacity value of the single battery. The single chip microcomputer control unit 5 stores these pieces of information in the parameter storage unit 9.
Step 2, in the discharging process, calculating a voltage balance coefficient by detecting the voltage of the single battery:
the single chip microcomputer control unit 5 controls the voltage acquisition unit 1 to acquire a total voltage value of the battery pack and voltage values of the single batteries, and calculates to obtain a voltage balance coefficient VKi ═ Vi-V)/V, i ═ 1, 2, … …, n; wherein, i represents the number of the batteries, Vi is the voltage value of each single battery, and V is the average voltage of the battery pack.
Step 3, calculating a capacity equalization coefficient, and calculating a discharge equalization coefficient by combining a voltage equalization coefficient:
the single chip microcomputer control unit 5 acquires the capacity value of each single battery from the parameter storage unit 9 as a capacity balance coefficient CKi (i is 1, 2, … …, n), wherein i represents the several batteries;
discharge equalization coefficient BKi ═ Wv × VKi + Wc × CKi, i ═ 1, 2, … …, n; wherein i represents the battery of the second section, Wv is the weight of the voltage equalization coefficient, and Wc is the weight of the capacity equalization coefficient;
and the voltage balance coefficient weight Wv and the capacity balance coefficient weight Wc are continuously corrected by using a learning algorithm through data in the discharge balance process of the battery pack in the past.
Step 4, detecting the discharge current value of the battery pack, calculating the current value of the single battery needing to be balanced according to the balance coefficient, and selecting the single battery as a balance object:
the single chip microcomputer control unit 5 controls the battery pack current collection unit 2 to obtain a battery pack discharge current Ii (i is 1, 2, … …, n), where i represents the second battery. The current value Pi of the unit cell to be output by the bidirectional power output unit 4 needs to be balanced is BKi × Ii, i is 1, 2, … …, n; if Pi is a negative value, marking as 0;
the single chip microcomputer control unit 5 sorts Pi (i is 1, 2, … …, n) according to size, compares the Pi with the average value of the Pi, and selects the single battery with the Pi larger than the average value as a balancing object;
and step 5, controlling the corresponding bidirectional power output unit 4 by the singlechip control unit 5, and outputting a current with a value of Pi:
the embodiment introduces the internal resistance value of the single battery as an important basis for balance judgment, calculates the battery capacity by detecting the internal resistance of the single battery, and determines a balance strategy by combining the voltage and the discharge current of the single battery; whether a certain single battery is balanced or not is determined by the voltage and the internal resistance value of the single battery, and the balance strength is determined by the voltage, the internal resistance value and the discharge current of the single battery. The single battery equalization method has the advantages that the three parameters of the voltage, the discharge current and the internal resistance value of the battery of the single battery are converted according to the two parameters of the voltage and the discharge current of the single battery, and the equalization accuracy in the discharge equalization process is greatly improved. Compared with the conventional equalization method under the same condition, the equalization method and the system provided by the invention can improve the equalization degree of the battery by 10 percent in the charging and discharging process, can effectively avoid the occurrence of overcompensation of the single battery in the discharging process in the equalization process, and realize further refinement of the battery equalization.
However, the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and the substitution of equivalent elements or the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the present invention should be covered by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A battery balance control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, after a battery pack is fully charged, controlling a single battery internal resistance acquisition unit to acquire the internal resistance of a single battery at regular time by a single chip microcomputer control unit and calculating the capacity;
step 2, in the discharging process, the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the voltage acquisition unit to detect the voltage of the single battery and calculates a voltage balance coefficient; the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the voltage acquisition unit to acquire the total voltage value of the battery pack and the voltage value of each single battery, and calculates to obtain a voltage balance coefficient VKi (Vi-V)/V, i is 1, 2, … …, n; wherein i represents the number of the batteries, Vi is the voltage value of each single battery, and V is the average voltage of the battery pack;
step 3, the single chip microcomputer control unit calculates a capacity equalization coefficient and calculates a discharge equalization coefficient by combining a voltage equalization coefficient; the discharge equilibrium coefficient is calculated by the following formula:
BKi＝Wv*VKi+Wc*CKi，i＝1，2，……，n；
wherein i represents the second battery, CKi is the capacity balance coefficient, namely the capacity value of the single battery; wv is the weight of the voltage equalization coefficient, and Wc is the weight of the capacity equalization coefficient;
step 4, the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the battery pack current acquisition unit to detect the discharge current value of the battery pack, calculates the current value of the single battery needing to be balanced according to the discharge balance coefficient, and selects the single battery serving as a balance object; the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the battery pack current acquisition unit to acquire battery pack discharge current Ii (i is 1, 2, … …, n), wherein i represents the second battery; the current value Pi (BKi) Ii (i 1, 2, … …, n) of the single battery needing to be balanced, which is to be output by the bidirectional power output unit; if Pi is a negative value, marking as 0; the single chip microcomputer control unit sorts Pi (i is 1, 2, … …, n) according to size, compares the Pi with the average value of the Pi, and selects the single battery with the Pi larger than the average value as a balancing object;
and 5, controlling the corresponding bidirectional power output unit by the singlechip control unit to output the current with a corresponding value Pi.
2. The battery equalization control method according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 further comprises: the single chip microcomputer control unit controls the temperature detection unit to detect the ambient temperature of the battery pack, obtains a capacity correction coefficient and corrects the capacity value of the single battery.
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| CN101860056A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2010-10-13 | 宁波高新区申特科技有限公司 | Power lithium battery pack balancing and managing system based on Map model |
| CN104852414B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2018-06-19 | 东莞钜威动力技术有限公司 | A kind of equalization methods and device of battery pack battery core |
| CN105591423A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-05-18 | 重庆雅讯电源技术有限公司 | General storage battery capacity equilibrium system and equilibrium control method thereof |
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| CN105634063B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2018-04-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | A kind of active equalization method based on battery history data |
| CN105762869A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-07-13 | 张家港绿锂动力技术有限公司 | Battery pack equalization control method and system |
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