CN108598673B - Ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
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Abstract
The ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna and the construction method thereof comprise the following steps: step one, a space rectangular coordinate system is established, and step two, an upper arm of an Alford ring is constructed; constructing a lower arm of the Alford ring; and fourthly, feeding the center coaxial power. The vibrators are arc-shaped, and the number of the vibrators is at least 3; the radian of each vibrator is about 180 degrees, double-conductor feed is carried out, and each pair of vibrators are not coplanar; the center informs the feed, which achieves better performance than the printed form: the bandwidth is wider and reaches 62%, and the width is widened by more than 20%; the gain is higher and reaches 2.5-4.8dBi, and 1-2 dB is improved; the efficiency is higher, and the efficiency is improved by more than 10 percent; an increase in power capacity of at least 100%; 5. the cost is reduced by at least 50%. The method has the characteristics of novel thought, clear principle, universal method, simple realization, easy mass production and the like, is a preferred scheme of the low-cost Alford loop antenna, and is applicable and effective for the design and improvement of the high-gain horizontal polarization omnidirectional array antenna, the multi-frequency horizontal polarization omnidirectional antenna and the H/V dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to wireless communication antenna equipment and technology, in particular to an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna and a construction method thereof.
Background
Omni-directional antennas are an important type of antenna in the field of wireless communications. For a long time, the omni-directional antenna invented by people is mostly vertically polarized, and the design of the horizontally polarized omni-directional antenna is more difficult. However, the application requirements of the horizontal polarization omni-directional antenna are also very strong and extensive, such as forming an H/V orthogonal dual polarization omni-directional MIMO antenna with the vertical polarization omni-directional antenna, so as to improve the capacity of the communication system. Heretofore, the invented horizontal polarization horizontal omni-directional antenna is almost based on the loop antenna theory, namely, an electric small loop antenna and an electric large Alford loop antenna. The horizontal polarization omnidirectional antenna of the earliest invention is characterized in that as Zhou Changyuan is smaller than wavelength, current is in constant amplitude and phase everywhere, the gain is very low, the bandwidth is very narrow, the efficiency is very poor, and the horizontal polarization omnidirectional antenna is often used as an active receiving antenna; the latter is to arrange a plurality of horizontal half-wave vibrators on a dielectric substrate in a circumferential manner, and has the advantages of wide bandwidth, good omnidirectionality, high gain and efficiency, low profile, large overall size, complex design of feed network and high cost. Besides the scheme, the method can also be realized by a log-periodic antenna array mode, and the main scheme is as follows: (1) Several pairs of log periodic antennas (LPDA) are vertically arranged with their short ends facing upward and are also arranged in a circle to realize an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna. The height and diameter of this solution are of several wavelength orders, obviously not applicable for the scenes with strict size requirements; (2) The short ends of a plurality of log periodic antennas are inwards opposite and are arranged in a coplanar mode to form a circular array. The scheme has the advantages of large size, poor directional diagram, low gain and difficult matching. In addition, other technical schemes are adopted, and the defects of large size and poor pattern exist. In summary, high performance broadband horizontal polarization level omni-directional antennas are key devices and technical bottlenecks in wireless communications. In the context of engineering application requirements, it will always be an important research topic in the antenna field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna and a construction method thereof, which have the advantages of low cost, ultra-wideband, omnidirectionality, horizontal polarization, higher gain, high efficiency and high power, low profile, simple structure and suitability for mass production.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the adopted technical scheme is as follows: the ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna comprises an Alford ring upper arm, an Alford ring lower arm and a feed cable;
the Alford ring upper arm is provided with an upper conductor feeder line in a straight line, at least three circular arc vibrators which are equal in number, short to long and low to high are respectively arranged from the center to two sides of the upper conductor feeder line, the radian of each circular arc vibrator is pi/4, and after the centers of all the circular arc vibrators which are arranged on one side of the upper conductor feeder line in a rotary staggered reverse way are rotated for 180 degrees by taking the centers of the upper conductor feeder lines as circle centers, the upper conductor feeder line is completely overlapped with the circular arc vibrators on the other side of the upper conductor feeder line;
the lower arm of the Alford ring is arranged below the upper arm of the Alford ring, a linear lower conductor feeder is arranged, at least three circular arc vibrators which are arranged from short to long and from high to low in number are respectively arranged from the center to two sides of the lower conductor feeder, the radian of each circular arc vibrator is pi/4, and the lower arm of the Alford ring is a complete mirror image of the upper arm of the Alford ring by taking the axis of the upper conductor feeder as a symmetry axis;
the inner and outer conductors of the feed cable are connected with the upper conductor feeder and the lower conductor feeder.
Further, the middle parts of the top surface and the bottom end of the upper conductor feeder line are planes, the plane length of the middle part of the top surface is smaller than that of the middle part of the bottom surface, and the top surface and the bottom surface gradually incline upwards from the center to the two sides.
Further, the ratio of the width to the arc length of the arc vibrator is about 0.05 to 0.15, and the radius of the innermost arc vibrator is (0.15 to 0.20) xλ L The radius of the outermost circular arc vibrator is (0.80-1.0) ×λ L Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,λ L is the lowest operating frequency.
Further, an air or filling medium layer is arranged between the Alford ring upper arm and the Alford ring lower arm.
Further, the Alford ring upper arm or the Alford ring lower arm is integrally formed.
Furthermore, the Alford ring upper arm or the Alford ring is made of good metal conductor materials.
The construction method of the ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a space rectangular coordinate system;
step two, constructing an upper arm of the Alford ring: in the XOY plane, with origin of coordinatesOAt least three circular arc vibrators with different radiuses and pi/4 radians are respectively arranged as circle centers from low to high in a staggered reverse direction with the same initial angle and with the same rotation direction, and the circular arc vibrators are arranged at the origin of coordinatesOAfter copying at least three circular arc vibrators as described above for the center, rotating the copied circular arc vibrators together by 180 degrees to form three circular arc sections with symmetrical rotation and same diameter at the starting ends, and placing an upper conductor feeder line and three pairs of circular arc feeder lines on the connecting lines of the starting ends of all the circular arc vibratorsThe sections are connected into a whole to form an upper arm of the Alford ring, the middle parts of the top surface and the bottom end of the upper conductor feeder are planes, the length of the plane of the middle part of the top surface is smaller than that of the plane of the middle part of the bottom surface, and the top surface and the bottom surface gradually incline upwards from the center to the two sides;
constructing a lower arm of the Alford ring, mirror-image copying is carried out on the upper arm of the Alford ring by taking the axis of the feeder line of the conductor above the upper arm of the Alford ring in the second step as a symmetry axis, and the mirror-image part of the upper arm of the Alford ring is vertically moved downwards for a certain distance to form the lower arm of the Alford ring;
and fourthly, connecting the inner conductor and the outer conductor of one feed cable with the upper conductor feeder line and the lower conductor feeder line respectively at the symmetrical centers of the upper arm and the lower arm of the Alford ring in the third step.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes the electrically large Alford loop antenna as a physical prototype, discards common printing forms with higher cost, changes a dielectric substrate into an air layer, and then integrates the horizontal circular arc vibrator and the parallel feeder lines. By optimizing geometric parameters of vibrators and feeder lines, the ultra-wide bandwidth (1.20-2.30 GHz, VSWR is less than or equal to 2.0, BW=1.1 GHz, 62.86%) of the Alford loop antenna is widened by more than 20%; higher gainG=2.5-4.8 dBi), improvement by 1-2 db; better horizontal omnidirectionality (out of roundness)<15dB, high efficiencyη A 88%), high power capacity, simple feed design, small diameter (≡1.12×)λ L ，λ L For the lowest operating frequency) and a lower profile (0.21 x)λ L ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the An increase in power capacity of at least 100%; cost reduction, at least 50% reduction, diameter size increase to about 1 ∈λ L In addition, the method has the characteristics of novel thought, clear principle, universality, simplicity in implementation, low cost, suitability for mass production and the like, and is an alternative scheme of wide frequency band, low cost and high power horizontal polarization omnidirectional. Moreover, the design and improvement of the high gain horizontal polarization omnidirectional array antenna, the multi-band horizontal polarization omnidirectional antenna and the H/V dual polarization omnidirectional antenna are applicable and effective.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of rectangular coordinate system definition used by an antenna model.
Fig. 2 is a top view of an upper arm model of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a lower arm model of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 4 is an elevation view of a parallel two-conductor feeder model of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 5 is a top view of a parallel two-conductor feeder model of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 6 is a top view of a complete geometric model of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 7 is an elevation view of a complete geometric model of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 8 is an exploded view of a complete geometric model of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 9 is an input impedance of an ultra wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaZ in A curve.
Fig. 10 shows the reflection coefficient of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaS 11 Graph I.
Fig. 11 is a standing wave ratio VSWR plot for an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 12 is an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaf 1 2D gain pattern for frequency bin=1.20 GHz.
Fig. 13 is an ultra wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaf 2 2D gain pattern for frequency bin=1.55 GHz.
Fig. 14 is an ultra wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaf 3 2D gain pattern for frequency bin=1.95 GHz.
Fig. 15 is an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaf 4 2D gain pattern for frequency bin=2.30 GHz.
Fig. 16 is a graph of maximum gain versus frequency for an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennafChanging characteristics.
Fig. 17 is an illustration of the efficiency of an ultra wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaη A With frequencyfA change curve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to explain the technical scheme of the present invention in detail. Here, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be particularly noted that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only and are not intended to limit or define the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a low-cost, ultra-wideband, omnidirectional, horizontally polarized, higher-gain, high-efficiency and high-power horizontal polarized omnidirectional antenna with low profile, simple structure and suitability for mass production for wireless communication, and provides a beneficial reference method for the design and improvement of the high-gain horizontal polarized omnidirectional array antenna, the multi-band horizontal polarized omnidirectional antenna and the H/V dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna.
The ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna comprises an Alford ring upper arm, an Alford ring lower arm and a feed cable;
the Alford ring upper arm is provided with an upper conductor feeder which is in a straight line, at least three circular arc vibrators which are equal in number, short to long and low to high are respectively arranged from the center to two sides of the upper conductor feeder, the radian of each circular arc vibrator is pi/4, and after all the circular arc vibrators which are arranged on one side of the upper conductor feeder in a rotary staggered reverse way rotate for 180 degrees by taking the center of the upper conductor feeder as the center of a circle, the centers of the circular arc vibrators are completely overlapped with the circular arc vibrators on the other side of the upper conductor feeder.
The lower arm of the Alford ring is arranged below the upper arm of the Alford ring, a linear lower conductor feeder is arranged, at least three circular arc vibrators which are arranged from short to long and from high to low in number are respectively arranged from the center to two sides of the lower conductor feeder, the radian of each circular arc vibrator is pi/4, and the lower arm of the Alford ring is a complete mirror image of the upper arm of the Alford ring by taking the axis of the upper conductor feeder as a symmetry axis.
The middle parts of the top surface and the bottom end of the upper conductor feeder are both planes, the plane length of the middle part of the top surface is smaller than that of the middle part of the bottom surface, the top surface and the bottom surface incline upwards gradually from the center to the two sides, the lower conductor feeder and the upper conductor feeder are arranged completely symmetrically, the upper conductor feeder and the lower conductor feeder can also adopt cylindrical, rectangular and other forms as double conductor feeder, and the double conductor feeder shown in the figure is adopted, so that the matching effect is better.
Taking three arc vibrators as an example, the middle parts of the two-conductor feeder lines are parallel, and the two conductors gradually stretch outwards towards the upper and lower conductors at the two sides; each pair of circular arc vibrators are independently distributed on a plane, are arranged from the lower part in the middle of the feeder line to the higher parts on the two sides according to the sequence of the shorter inside and the longer outside, and are arranged in a step shape, namely are staggered in the Z-axis direction. The center of the top surface of the upper conductor feeder is an upper conductor feeder top surface plane 421, the center of the bottom surface of the upper conductor feeder is an upper conductor feeder bottom surface plane, the length of the upper conductor feeder bottom surface plane is larger than that of the upper conductor feeder top surface plane 421, the upper conductor feeder top surface plane 421 is inclined upwards from two sides, the inclined plane is an upper conductor feeder top surface inclined plane 411, the upper conductor feeder bottom surface plane is inclined upwards from two sides, the inclined plane is an upper conductor feeder bottom surface inclined plane 401, three arc vibrators 101, 201 and 301 are integrally formed on one side of the upper conductor feeder, the three arc vibrators 101, 201 and 301 are arranged on the upper conductor feeder in a rotary staggered reverse way, the radian of each arc vibrator 101, 201 and 301 is pi/4, the radius from the arc vibrator 301 to the arc vibrator 101 is gradually increased, and the radius from inside to outside is (0.15-0.20) x respectivelyλ L 、（0.45~0.60）×λ L 、、（0.80~1.0）×λ L The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Each arm of the arc vibrator has a length of about (0.20-0.25) × ð, and a ratio of the width to the arc length of about 0.05-0.15. Three arc vibrators 111, 211 and 311 are integrally formed on the other side of the upper conductor feeder, and the three arc vibrators 111, 211 and 311 are completely overlapped with the arc vibrators 101, 201 and 301 after rotating 180 degrees by taking the center of the upper conductor feeder as the center of a circle.
The top surface center of the lower conductor feeder is a lower conductor feeder top surface plane, the size of the lower conductor feeder top surface plane is the same as that of the upper conductor feeder bottom surface plane, the bottom surface center of the lower conductor feeder is a lower conductor feeder bottom surface plane 422, the lower conductor feeder bottom surface plane 422 is the same as that of the upper conductor feeder top surface plane 421, the two inclined planes are lower conductor feeder top surface inclined planes 402, the size and shape of the lower conductor feeder top surface inclined planes 402 are the same as that of the upper conductor feeder bottom surface inclined planes 401, the size and shape of the lower conductor feeder bottom surface inclined planes 412 are the same as that of the upper conductor feeder top surface inclined planes 411, and the two inclined planes are lower conductor feeder bottom surface inclined planes 412.
The inner and outer conductors of the feed cable are connected with the upper conductor feeder and the lower conductor feeder, the centers of the upper conductor feeder and the lower conductor feeder are symmetrically provided with center symmetry openings 500, the inner conductor of the feed cable passes through the center symmetry openings of the lower conductor feeder and then is connected with the upper conductor feeder, and the outer conductor of the feed cable is connected with the lower conductor feeder.
The ratio of the width to the arc length of all the arc vibrators is about 0.05-0.15, and the radius of the innermost arc vibrator is (0.15-0.20) xλ L The radius of the outermost circular arc vibrator is (0.80-1.0) ×λ L Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,λ L taking six arc vibrators as an example for the lowest working frequency, the three arc vibrators from the center to the two sides are rotationally symmetrical by 180 degrees about the center, and the radii of the three arc vibrators from the inside to the outside are (0.15-0.20) xλ L 、（0.45~0.60）×λ L 、、（0.80~1.0）×λ L The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Each arm of the arc vibrator has a length of about (0.20-0.25) × ð, and a ratio of the width to the arc length of about 0.05-0.15. When the number of the arc vibrators is more than three, the radius of the innermost arc vibrator and the radius of the outermost arc vibrator are determined, other arc vibrators are positioned between the two radii, and the distances between the adjacent arc vibrators are unequal.
Between the Alford ring upper arm and the Alford ring lower arm is an air or filled dielectric layer to support the two arms or reduce the size of the ring.
The Alford ring upper arm or the Alford ring lower arm is integrally formed, the radiator is an arc symmetrical oscillator, the feeder is a double-conductor transmission line, and the oscillator and the feeder are integrally processed and formed. .
The Alford ring upper arm or the Alford ring is manufactured by adopting a good metal conductor material and adopting conventional hardware processes such as cutting, drilling, die casting and the like.
The construction method of the ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna comprises the following steps:
step one, as shown in fig. 1, establishing a space rectangular coordinate system;
step two, constructing an upper arm of the Alford ring: in the XOY plane, with origin of coordinatesOAt least three circular arc vibrators with different radiuses and pi/4 radians are respectively arranged as circle centers, the initial angles of the circular arc vibrators are the same, the rotation directions are staggered reversely, and are distributed from low to high, as shown in figure 6, namely staggered in an XOY plane, and the rotation directions are opposite, as shown in figure 7, staggered in a ZOY plane to form a ladder arrangement, and the arrangement is distributed at the origin of coordinatesOAfter copying at least three circular arc vibrators as described above for the center, rotating the copied circular arc vibrators together by 180 degrees to form three circular arc sections which are symmetrical in rotation and have the same diameter at the starting ends, placing an upper conductor feeder line on the connecting line of the starting ends of all the circular arc vibrators, and connecting the upper conductor feeder line and the three pairs of circular arc sections into a whole to form an upper arm of an Alford ring, such as the circular arc vibrators 101, 201 and 301, the circular arc vibrators 111, 211 and 311 and all parts of the upper conductor feeder line in FIG. 2;
constructing a lower arm of the Alford ring, mirror-image copying is carried out on the upper arm of the Alford ring by taking the axis of the conductor feeder above the upper arm of the Alford ring in the second step as a symmetry axis, and the mirror-image part of the upper arm of the Alford ring is vertically moved downwards for a certain distance to form the lower arm of the Alford ring, as shown in the arc vibrators 112, 212 and 312, the arc vibrators 102, 202 and 302 and each part of the lower conductor feeder in FIG. 3;
and step four, connecting an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a 50 omega coaxial feed cable with an upper conductor feeder and a lower conductor feeder respectively at the symmetrical centers of the upper arm and the lower arm of the Alford ring in step three, wherein the inner conductor 601 and the outer conductor 602 of the feed cable are shown in fig. 4.
The final formed antenna strength is shown in fig. 5-8, 1) the vibrators are arc-shaped, and the number of the vibrators is at least 3; 2) The radian of each vibrator is about 180 degrees, and the radius of the longest vibrator is about 1 wavelength; 3) Double-conductor feed, the middle of the two conductors are parallel, and the two ends of the two conductors are stretched into oblique angles; 4) Each pair of vibrators is not coplanar; 5) The center informs the feed, which achieves better performance than the printed form: 1. belt with a belt bodyThe width is wider and reaches 62%, and the width is widened by more than 20%; 2. the gain is higher and reaches 2.5-4.8dBi, and 1-2 dB is improved; 3. the efficiency is higherη A More than or equal to 88 percent), and is improved by more than 10 percent; 4. an increase in power capacity of at least 100%; 5. the cost is reduced by at least 50%. However, the diameter size increases to about 1 ∈λ c The out-of-roundness is poor and the cross polarization XPD is poor, but can be improved by increasing the number of array elements.
The method has the characteristics of novel thought, clear principle, universal method, simple realization, easy mass production and the like, is a preferred scheme of the low-cost Alford loop antenna, and is applicable and effective for the design and improvement of the high-gain horizontal polarization omnidirectional array antenna, the multi-frequency horizontal polarization omnidirectional antenna and the H/V dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 9 is an input impedance of an ultra wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaZ in A curve. Wherein the horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequencyfThe unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y axis) is the impedanceZ in In omega, the solid line represents the real partR in The dotted line represents the imaginary partX in . As shown in the figure, in the frequency band of 1.20-2.30GHz, the real part and the imaginary part change ranges are respectively: the ultra-wideband impedance characteristics are obvious from +28 to +52 omega to +8 to +30 omega.
Fig. 10 shows the reflection coefficient of an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaS 11 Graph I. Wherein the horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequencyfThe unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y axis) isS 11 Amplitude of |S 11 I, in dB. As can be seen, the antenna achieves ultra wideband operation (1.20~2.30GHz, BW =1.1 GHz,62.86%, |S 11 |≤-10 dB）。
Fig. 11 is a standing wave ratio VSWR plot for an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna. Wherein the horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequencyfThe unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y-axis) is VSWR. As shown, the antenna realizes ultra-wideband operation (1.20~2.30GHz, BW =1.1 GHz,62.86%, VSWR is less than or equal to 2.0).
Fig. 12 is an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaf 1 2D gain pattern for frequency bin=1.20 GHz. Wherein the solid line represents the E-plane (horizontal plane) and the broken line represents the H-plane (vertical plane). From the figure, the gainGThe out-of-roundness of the E surface (horizontal plane) is better =2.48 dBi<10dB）。
Fig. 13 is an ultra wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaf 2 2D gain pattern for frequency bin=1.55 GHz. Wherein the solid line represents the E-plane (horizontal plane) and the broken line represents the H-plane (vertical plane). From the figure, the gainG=3.72 dbi, better out-of-roundness of the e-plane (horizontal plane)<12.5dB）。
Fig. 14 is an ultra wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaf 3 2D gain pattern for frequency bin=1.95 GHz. Wherein the solid line represents the E-plane (horizontal plane) and the broken line represents the H-plane (vertical plane). From the figure, the gainG=2.68 dbi, better out-of-roundness of the e plane (horizontal plane)<7dB）。
Fig. 15 is an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaf 4 2D gain pattern for frequency bin=2.30 GHz. Wherein the solid line represents the E-plane (horizontal plane) and the broken line represents the H-plane (vertical plane). From the figure, the gainGPoor out-of-roundness of the e-plane (horizontal plane) =2.51 dbi<15dB）。
Fig. 16 is a graph of maximum gain versus frequency for an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennafChanging characteristics. Wherein the horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequencyfThe unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y-axis) is gain in dBi. As can be seen, the in-band gain variation range isG=2.5 to 4.8dBi, which is approximately 1 to 2dBi higher than the printed Alford loop antenna.
Fig. 17 is an illustration of the efficiency of an ultra wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennaη A With frequencyfA change curve. Wherein the horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequencyfThe unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y-axis) is efficiency. As can be seen, the antenna efficiency is within the entire frequency bandη A And the efficiency is higher, and the efficiency is more than or equal to 88 percent.
The foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit or define the invention. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The ultra-wideband horizontal polarization omnidirectional antenna is characterized in that: the cable comprises an Alford ring upper arm, an Alford ring lower arm and a feed cable;
the Alford upper arm or the Alford lower arm is made of good metal conductor materials and is integrally formed;
the Alford ring upper arm is provided with an upper conductor feeder line in a straight line, at least three circular arc vibrators which are equal in number, short to long and low to high are respectively arranged from the center to two sides of the upper conductor feeder line, the radian of each circular arc vibrator is 1/4 circumference, and after the centers of all the circular arc vibrators which are arranged on one side of the upper conductor feeder line in a staggered and reverse way are rotated for 180 degrees by taking the centers of the upper conductor feeder lines as circle centers, the upper conductor feeder line and the circular arc vibrators are completely overlapped with each other on the other side of the upper conductor feeder line;
the middle parts of the top surface and the bottom end of the upper conductor feeder are planes, the plane length of the middle part of the top surface is smaller than that of the middle part of the bottom surface, and the top surface and the bottom surface gradually incline upwards from the center to the two sides;
the lower arm of the Alford ring is arranged below the upper arm of the Alford ring, a linear lower conductor feeder is arranged, at least three circular arc vibrators which are arranged from short to long and from high to low in number are respectively arranged from the center to two sides of the lower conductor feeder, the radian of each circular arc vibrator is 1/4 circumference, and the lower arm of the Alford ring is a complete mirror image of the upper arm of the Alford ring by taking the axis of the upper conductor feeder as a symmetry axis;
the inner and outer conductors of the feed cable are connected with the upper conductor feeder and the lower conductor feeder.
2. The ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the width to the arc length of the arc vibrator is 0.05-0.15, and the radius of the innermost arc vibrator is (0.15-0.20) xλ L The radius of the outermost circular arc vibrator is (0.80-1.0) ×λ L Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,λ L is the lowest operating frequency.
3. The ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: an air or filling medium layer is arranged between the Alford ring upper arm and the Alford ring lower arm.
4. The method for constructing an ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the steps of,
step one, establishing a space rectangular coordinate system;
step two, constructing an upper arm of the Alford ring: in the XOY plane, with origin of coordinatesOAt least three circular arc vibrators with different radiuses and pi/4 radians are respectively arranged as circle centers from low to high in a staggered reverse direction with the same initial angle and with the same rotation direction, and the circular arc vibrators are arranged at the origin of coordinatesOAfter copying at least three circular arc vibrators as described above for the center, rotating the copied circular arc vibrators together by 180 degrees to form three circular arc sections which are symmetrical in rotation and have the same diameter at the starting ends, placing an upper conductor feeder line on the connecting line of the starting ends of all the circular arc vibrators, and connecting the upper conductor feeder line with the three pairs of circular arc sections into a whole to form an upper arm of an Alford ring;
constructing a lower arm of the Alford ring, mirror-image copying is carried out on the upper arm of the Alford ring by taking the axis of the feeder line of the conductor above the upper arm of the Alford ring in the second step as a symmetry axis, and the mirror-image part of the upper arm of the Alford ring is vertically moved downwards for a certain distance to form the lower arm of the Alford ring;
and fourthly, connecting the inner conductor and the outer conductor of one feed cable with the upper conductor feeder line and the lower conductor feeder line respectively at the symmetrical centers of the upper arm and the lower arm of the Alford ring in the third step.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810191680.8A CN108598673B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-03-08 | Ultra-wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna and construction method thereof |
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| CN108598673A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
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