CN108594076B - Power failure fault study and judgment method for power distribution network - Google Patents

Power failure fault study and judgment method for power distribution network Download PDF

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CN108594076B
CN108594076B CN201810402432.3A CN201810402432A CN108594076B CN 108594076 B CN108594076 B CN 108594076B CN 201810402432 A CN201810402432 A CN 201810402432A CN 108594076 B CN108594076 B CN 108594076B
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voltage
power failure
matrix
judging
user
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CN108594076A (en
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赵永生
秦浩
王宏刚
江和顺
甘德志
高方景
赵爱华
刘艳
李虹
张良
武文广
姜海辉
张先东
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Beiming Software Co ltd
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
NARI Group Corp
NARI Nanjing Control System Co Ltd
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Beiming Software Co ltd
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
NARI Group Corp
NARI Nanjing Control System Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location

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Abstract

The invention discloses a power failure fault studying and judging method for a power distribution network, which comprises the following steps: screening power failure and voltage loss users and acquiring the power distribution network topology of the power failure and voltage loss users; establishing an ant colony aiming at power failure and voltage loss users, and establishing a total path matrix according to the power distribution network topology; judging the ant colony distribution to determine a sub-path matrix of the ant colony search, and taking the sub-path matrix as a sub-pheromone matrix; carrying out fault search by using an ant colony algorithm, carrying out path search on all ants in the ant colony, and synchronously updating the element numerical values of the sub-pheromone matrix; and taking all ants as termination conditions, wherein the maximum value of the elements in the sub-pheromone matrix is the power failure fault point. The invention improves the speed and accuracy of fault location, shortens the response time, reduces the cost and improves the customer satisfaction and the system operation index without increasing the hardware input cost.

Description

Power failure fault study and judgment method for power distribution network
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power failure fault studying and judging method for a power distribution network, and belongs to the technical field of power distribution networks.
Background
Since the intelligent power grid is proposed in 2009, the construction of the intelligent power distribution network is comprehensively promoted in China, the automation level of the power grid is improved, meanwhile, the reliability and the quality of power supply service of a user are improved, and the fault location of the medium-low voltage circuit also becomes a focus of research attention.
For a long time, a low-voltage side fault information power supply company mainly utilizes a power failure management system to process low-voltage horizontal network fault according to resident repair calls, pre-judges the position of a fall fuse or a switch according to calls input by a user after power failure, analyzes the power failure scale, the personnel strength and the repair plan, determines the repair priority, calculates the work strength required by a site, pre-estimates the recovery time and manages the site work.
The power failure management system is a distribution network management system subsystem, and a control room performs organization scheduling and dispatching work orders for power failure emergency repair by means of the system. The method for processing the fault by using the power failure management system has the following defects: firstly, the accuracy of judgment needs to be improved; secondly, the efficiency is low; and thirdly, the time is long, especially the existing low-voltage power distribution networks such as factories, buildings, residential quarters and the like use a large number of wires or cables to realize low-voltage power distribution, but the number of low-voltage users is large, the lines are complicated, and the finding of the lines after the faults occur is difficult.
The power utilization information acquisition system (AMI) and the power grid Geographic Information System (GIS) which are built and fully covered by the current power distribution network are utilized to help the power failure fault of the power distribution network to be quickly researched and judged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a power failure fault studying and judging method for a power distribution network, and solves the technical problems that power failure fault points of the power distribution network are difficult to find, low in efficiency, long in time consumption and the like in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a power failure fault studying and judging method for a power distribution network comprises the following steps:
triggering a power failure fault research and judgment function, and determining a calling target range;
screening power failure and voltage loss users and acquiring the power distribution network topology of the power failure and voltage loss users;
establishing an ant colony aiming at power failure and voltage loss users, and establishing a total path matrix according to the power distribution network topology;
judging the ant colony distribution to determine a sub-path matrix of the ant colony search, and taking the sub-path matrix as a sub-pheromone matrix;
carrying out fault search by using an ant colony algorithm, carrying out path search on all ants in the ant colony, and synchronously updating the element numerical values of the sub-pheromone matrix;
taking all ants as termination conditions, wherein the maximum value of elements in the sub-pheromone matrix is a power failure fault point;
the specific method for establishing the overall path matrix is as follows:
separately coding nodes of a10 kV medium-voltage power distribution network and 400V low-voltage power distribution network;
let the overall path matrix be P, and split the overall path matrix P intoMedium voltage network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLRespectively establishing path matrixes:
constructing a medium voltage network path matrix PHThe total number of nodes is n, all the nodes are arranged in sequence in the horizontal and vertical directions, elements of the matrix respectively represent a path between two nodes, and subscripts of the elements are numbers of nodes at two ends of the path:
Figure GDA0002480618510000031
constructing a low voltage network path matrix PLSetting the total number of nodes as m, arranging all the nodes in sequence horizontally and vertically, respectively, representing the path between two nodes by the elements of the matrix, and numbering the subscripts of the elements at both ends of the path:
Figure GDA0002480618510000032
the method for establishing the sub-pheromone matrix is as follows:
step 201), judging the voltage level of the ant colony, and if the ant colony is a 400V low-voltage user, judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage branch line: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node, the Row root node and the node number of the downstream node of the branch line, and using the node number in the low-voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PAA is the number of the fault point to be searched; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 202) determining whether all ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage bus: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node of the low-voltage bus, the node numbers of the Row root node and the downstream node, and using the node numbers in the low-voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PBB is the number of the fault point to be searched; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 203) judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same medium-voltage feeder line: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root section of the feeder lineNode numbers of points, Row root nodes and downstream nodes in the medium voltage network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PCC is the number of the fault point to be searched; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 204), judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colonies are on the same medium-voltage bus: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node of the bus, the node numbers of the Row root node and the downstream node, in the medium-voltage network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PDD is the number of the fault point to be searched; if not, entering a higher-level power distribution network to continuously carry out fault search and study;
if the user is a10 kV medium-voltage user, directly starting to establish a sub-pheromone matrix from the step 203);
the method for searching the faults by using the ant colony algorithm comprises the following steps:
step 301) the initial values of the pheromone matrix are all 0;
step 302) searching targets according to serial numbers of ants, wherein the walking path of each ant is the reverse direction of trend, the ants walk to the root node of the research and judgment range from the initial position, and pheromones are left on the walking paths, namely the corresponding elements in the pheromone matrix are all + 1;
step 303) taking all ants finish walking as a judgment basis of a termination condition, and if k ant users are arranged, performing k-time pheromone matrix forward iterations;
step 304), counting the numerical values of all elements in the pheromone matrix, wherein the maximum numerical value is the position of a fault point; and if the element values corresponding to the paths in the result are equal, judging that the downstream path is a fault position.
Further, the method for triggering the power failure fault studying and judging function comprises the following steps: automatic triggering of voltage monitoring abnormity and active triggering of power failure alarm.
Further, the automatic triggering condition of the voltage monitoring abnormity is as follows: the voltage value of a single electric meter is 0V acquired twice continuously, or the voltage value of more than 2 users at the same time is 0V.
Further, the active triggering conditions of the power failure alarm are as follows: the power failure management system receives a power failure repair call of a user.
Further, the method for determining the range of the target to be tested is as follows:
step 101) judging a10 kV/400V low-voltage transformer where a trigger user is located, and directly calling and testing a coverage area of the low-voltage transformer;
step 102) calling at least two electric meters at each branch box;
103) and in the research and judgment process, continuously judging, and if the user fault outside the area is continuously called, repeating the step 101) and the step 102) in a new area.
Further, the method for screening the users with power failure and voltage loss comprises the following steps:
and judging the user voltage data by utilizing an AMI system: if the user voltage is 0, the user is judged as a power failure and voltage loss user, and the asset number, the node number and the position information of the power failure and voltage loss user are further obtained; and if the voltage of the user is normal, discarding the user, and screening and judging the next user.
Further, the method for acquiring the power distribution network topology of the power failure and voltage loss user comprises the following steps:
obtain the distribution network topology that power failure decompression user belongs to through the GIS system with power failure decompression user butt joint, include: and acquiring the node number and the user node number of the power distribution network.
Further, the specific method for establishing the ant colony is as follows:
classifying and aggregating according to the positions of the power failure and voltage loss users, and respectively forming big and small ant colonies containing the relationship, wherein the small ant colonies are as follows: the ant colony of the same branch line, the ant colony of the same low-voltage bus, the ant colony of the same medium-voltage feeder line and the ant colony of the same medium-voltage bus. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: based on an electricity utilization information acquisition system (AMI) and a power grid Geographic Information System (GIS) which are built and fully covered by the current power distribution and utilization grid, the ant colony algorithm is utilized to carry out the rapid positioning method research of the medium-low voltage power failure fault, the speed and the accuracy of fault positioning are improved, the response time is shortened, the cost is reduced, and the customer satisfaction and the system operation index are improved under the condition that the hardware input cost is not increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the construction of the failure diagnosis pheromone matrix according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a network frame topology diagram of a medium and low voltage distribution network to which the present invention is applied.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a flowchart of the present invention, the present invention uses ant colony algorithm to search a path and study and judge a target based on measurement data and user information of an AMI system and medium and low voltage distribution network topology data provided by a GIS system, and includes: the method comprises four links of function triggering, initial data preparation, ant colony fault studying and judging process and fault information notification and forwarding. The following description is made for four links:
the method comprises the following steps: and (4) triggering a function: the function trigger comprises automatic trigger of voltage monitoring abnormity and active trigger of power failure alarm. The automatic triggering of the abnormal voltage monitoring is that a single ammeter collects the voltage value of 0V for two times continuously, or the voltage values of more than 2 users at the same time are 0V, and a fault studying and judging function module is triggered immediately; the active triggering of the power failure alarm is that the power failure management system receives a power failure repair call of a user, and then actively triggers the fault research and judgment function module to search a fault source.
Step two: initial data preparation: and after the power failure fault studying and judging module is triggered, an initial data preparation link is entered, wherein the initial data preparation link comprises the steps of determining a calling target range, calling and testing user voltage data by using an AMI system, screening out power failure and voltage loss users, and acquiring a power distribution network topological structure of the calling and testing target range by butting the GIS system.
The method for determining the range of the summoning target comprises the following steps:
step 101) judging a10 kV/400V low-voltage transformer where a trigger user is located, and directly calling and testing a coverage area of the low-voltage transformer; step 102) calling at least two electric meters at each branch box; 103) and in the research and judgment process, continuously judging, and if the user fault outside the area is continuously called, repeating the step 101) and the step 102) in a new area.
The method for screening the power failure and voltage loss users comprises the following steps: and judging the user voltage data by utilizing an AMI system: if the user voltage is 0, the user is judged as a power failure and voltage loss user, and the asset number, the node number and the position information of the power failure and voltage loss user are further obtained; and if the voltage of the user is normal, discarding the user, and screening and judging the next user.
The method for acquiring the topological structure of the power distribution network within the summoned measuring target range by butting the GIS system comprises the following steps: obtain the distribution network topology that power failure decompression user belongs to through the GIS system with power failure decompression user butt joint, include: and acquiring the node number and the user node number of the power distribution network.
Step three: ant colony fault studying and judging process: the method comprises the steps of firstly establishing an ant colony for a power failure voltage loss user, establishing a total path matrix according to distribution network topology, judging the ant colony distribution to determine a sub-path matrix of ant colony search, taking the sub-path matrix as a sub-pheromone matrix, starting fault search by using an ant colony algorithm, performing path search on all ants in the ant colony, synchronously updating element values of the pheromone matrix, and taking all ants as termination conditions, wherein the maximum value of elements in the pheromone matrix is a power failure fault point. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the specific method for establishing the ant colony comprises the following steps:
classifying and aggregating according to the positions of the power failure and voltage loss users, and respectively forming big and small ant colonies containing the relationship, wherein the small ant colonies are as follows: the ant colony of the same branch line, the ant colony of the same low-voltage bus, the ant colony of the same medium-voltage feeder line and the ant colony of the same medium-voltage bus.
The specific method for establishing the overall path matrix comprises the following steps:
in order to reduce the sparsity of the matrix, nodes of a10 kV medium-voltage power distribution network and nodes of a 400V low-voltage power distribution network are coded separately;
setting the total path matrix as P, splitting the total path matrix P into medium-voltage network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLRespectively establishing path matrixes:
constructing a medium voltage network path matrix PHThe total number of nodes is n, all the nodes are arranged in sequence in the horizontal and vertical directions, elements of the matrix respectively represent a path between two nodes, and subscripts of the elements are numbers of nodes at two ends of the path:
Figure GDA0002480618510000081
constructing a low voltage network path matrix PLSetting the total number of nodes as m, arranging all the nodes in sequence horizontally and vertically, respectively, representing the path between two nodes by the elements of the matrix, and numbering the subscripts of the elements at both ends of the path:
Figure GDA0002480618510000082
as shown in fig. 2, it is a flow chart of the construction of the failure study and judgment pheromone matrix in the present invention, and the method for establishing the sub-pheromone matrix is as follows:
step 201), judging the voltage level of the ant colony, and if the ant colony is a 400V low-voltage user, judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage branch line: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node, the Row root node and the node number of the downstream node of the branch line, and using the node number in the low-voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PAA is the number of the fault point to be searched; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 202) determining whether all ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage bus: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node of the low-voltage bus, the node numbers of the Row root node and the downstream node, and using the node numbers in the low-voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PBAnd B is the fault point to be searchedNumber; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 203) judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same medium-voltage feeder line: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node, the Row root node and the node number of the downstream node of the feeder line, in the medium-voltage electric network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PCC is the number of the fault point to be searched; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 204), judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colonies are on the same medium-voltage bus: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node of the bus, the node numbers of the Row root node and the downstream node, in the medium-voltage network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PDD is the number of the fault point to be searched; if not, entering a higher-level power distribution network to continuously carry out fault search and study;
if the user is a10 kV medium-voltage user, the sub-pheromone matrix is directly established from the step 203).
The method for searching the faults by using the ant colony algorithm comprises the following steps:
step 301) the initial values of the pheromone matrix are all 0;
step 302) searching targets according to serial numbers of ants, wherein the walking path of each ant is the reverse direction of trend, the ants walk to the root node of the research and judgment range from the initial position, and pheromones are left on the walking paths, namely the corresponding elements in the pheromone matrix are all + 1;
step 303) taking all ants finish walking as a judgment basis of a termination condition, and if k ant users are arranged, performing k-time pheromone matrix forward iterations;
step 304), counting the numerical values of all elements in the pheromone matrix, wherein the maximum numerical value is the position of a fault point; and if the element values corresponding to the paths in the result are equal, judging that the downstream path is a fault position.
Taking the failure at a in fig. 3 as an example, the construction steps of the pheromone matrix are as follows:
1) judging the voltage level of the ant colony, wherein the ant colony is a 400V low-voltage user, and starting to judge whether all ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage branch line;
2) if all ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage branch line, the research and judgment range is traced back to the root node 3 of the branch line, the node numbers of the Row root node and the downstream node, total 7 nodes, and on the basis, PL forms 7 x 7 sub pheromone matrixes, namely the actually researched and judged pheromone matrix PAA is the number of the fault point to be searched;
Figure GDA0002480618510000101
the path taken by the ant user 15 is: 13-15, 10-13, 3-10, adding 1 to each corresponding pheromone;
taking all ants finish walking as a judgment basis of a termination condition, if the fault position is 4 ant users, performing pheromone matrix forward iteration for 4 times, and after the completion, the pheromone matrix is as follows:
Figure GDA0002480618510000111
pheromone matrix P of the above formulaAIt can be seen that pa3-10 is equal to pa10-3, and the pheromones are all 4, and the two pheromones are actually used to represent the same road segment, i.e. the line between node 3 and node 10, so that the fault location can be determined to be at this point.
Taking the failure at B in fig. 3 as an example, the same method is used for construction, and the following is briefly discussed:
1) judging the voltage level of the ant colony, and if the ant colony is a 400V low-voltage user, starting to judge whether all the ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage branch line;
2) judging the same medium-voltage feeder, and tracing the judging range to a feeder root node 6;
3) constructing a sub-pheromone matrix, wherein the study range comprises 4 medium-voltage nodes and 23 low-voltage nodes, so that the medium-voltage sub-pheromone matrix is a 4 x 4 matrix, and the low-voltage pheromone matrix is a 23 x 23 matrix;
4) the total number of 12 ant users is 12, forward iteration is carried out for 12 times, and each element value in the pheromone matrix is determined;
5) and counting the element values of the pheromone matrix, and judging that the elements corresponding to the paths 6-7 and 7-8 are equal and are both 12, namely judging that the path 7-8 is a fault position.
Step four: and (3) fault information notification forwarding: and after the fault position is determined, the forwarding power failure management system is informed to carry out next inspection and power restoration.
The method is mainly applied to medium and low voltage distribution networks, the distribution network structure is in a radial shape powered by a single power supply, the power flow direction is in a single direction, the medium voltage is 10kV, the low voltage is 400V, and the network topology structure is shown in figure 3. Based on an electricity utilization information acquisition system (AMI) and a power grid Geographic Information System (GIS) which are built and fully covered by the current power distribution and utilization grid, the ant colony algorithm is utilized to carry out the rapid positioning method research of the medium-low voltage power failure fault, the speed and the accuracy of fault positioning are improved, the response time is shortened, the cost is reduced, and the customer satisfaction and the system operation index are improved under the condition that the hardware input cost is not increased.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A power failure fault studying and judging method for a power distribution network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
triggering a power failure fault research and judgment function, and determining a calling target range;
screening power failure and voltage loss users and acquiring the power distribution network topology of the power failure and voltage loss users;
establishing an ant colony aiming at power failure and voltage loss users, and establishing a total path matrix according to the power distribution network topology;
judging the ant colony distribution to determine a sub-path matrix of the ant colony search, and taking the sub-path matrix as a sub-pheromone matrix;
carrying out fault search by using an ant colony algorithm, carrying out path search on all ants in the ant colony, and synchronously updating the element numerical values of the sub-pheromone matrix;
taking all ants as termination conditions, wherein the maximum value of elements in the sub-pheromone matrix is a power failure fault point;
the specific method for establishing the overall path matrix is as follows:
separately coding nodes of a10 kV medium-voltage power distribution network and 400V low-voltage power distribution network;
setting the total path matrix as P, splitting the total path matrix P into medium-voltage network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLRespectively establishing path matrixes:
constructing a medium voltage network path matrix PHThe total number of nodes is n, all the nodes are arranged in sequence in the horizontal and vertical directions, elements of the matrix respectively represent a path between two nodes, and subscripts of the elements are numbers of nodes at two ends of the path:
Figure FDA0002480618500000011
constructing a low voltage network path matrix PLSetting the total number of nodes as m, arranging all the nodes in sequence horizontally and vertically, respectively, representing the path between two nodes by the elements of the matrix, and numbering the subscripts of the elements at both ends of the path:
Figure FDA0002480618500000021
the method for establishing the sub-pheromone matrix is as follows:
step 201), judging the voltage level of the ant colony, and if the ant colony is a 400V low-voltage user, judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage branch line: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node, the Row root node and the node number of the downstream node of the branch line, and using the node number in the low-voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PAA is the fault point to be searchedNumber; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 202) determining whether all ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same low-voltage bus: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node of the low-voltage bus, the node numbers of the Row root node and the downstream node, and using the node numbers in the low-voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PBB is the number of the fault point to be searched; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 203) judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colony are on the same medium-voltage feeder line: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node, the Row root node and the node number of the downstream node of the feeder line, in the medium-voltage electric network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PCC is the number of the fault point to be searched; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 204), judging whether all the ant colonies in the ant colonies are on the same medium-voltage bus: if yes, tracing the judging range to the root node of the bus, the node numbers of the Row root node and the downstream node, in the medium-voltage network path matrix PHAnd a low voltage network path matrix PLForm a sub-pheromone matrix, i.e. the actually judged pheromone matrix PDD is the number of the fault point to be searched; if not, entering a higher-level power distribution network to continuously carry out fault search and study;
if the user is a10 kV medium-voltage user, directly starting to establish a sub-pheromone matrix from the step 203);
the method for searching the faults by using the ant colony algorithm comprises the following steps:
step 301) the initial values of the pheromone matrix are all 0;
step 302) searching targets according to serial numbers of ants, wherein the walking path of each ant is the reverse direction of trend, the ants walk to the root node of the research and judgment range from the initial position, and pheromones are left on the walking paths, namely the corresponding elements in the pheromone matrix are all + 1;
step 303) taking all ants finish walking as a judgment basis of a termination condition, and if k ant users are arranged, performing k-time pheromone matrix forward iterations;
step 304), counting the numerical values of all elements in the pheromone matrix, wherein the maximum numerical value is the position of a fault point; and if the element values corresponding to the paths in the result are equal, judging that the downstream path is a fault position.
2. The method for studying and judging the power failure fault of the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method for triggering the power failure fault studying and judging function comprises the following steps: automatic triggering of voltage monitoring abnormity and active triggering of power failure alarm.
3. The method for studying and judging the power failure fault of the power distribution network according to claim 2, wherein the automatic triggering condition of the voltage monitoring abnormity is as follows: the voltage value of a single electric meter is 0V acquired twice continuously, or the voltage value of more than 2 users at the same time is 0V.
4. The method for studying and judging the power failure fault of the power distribution network according to claim 2, wherein the active triggering conditions of the power failure alarm are as follows: the power failure management system receives a power failure repair call of a user.
5. The method for studying and judging the power failure fault of the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the summoning target range comprises the following steps:
step 101) judging a10 kV/400V low-voltage transformer where a trigger user is located, and directly calling and testing a coverage area of the low-voltage transformer;
step 102) calling at least two electric meters at each branch box;
103) and in the research and judgment process, continuously judging, and if the user fault outside the area is continuously called, repeating the step 101) and the step 102) in a new area.
6. The power failure fault studying and judging method for the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method for screening the users with power failure and voltage loss is as follows:
and judging the user voltage data by utilizing an AMI system: if the user voltage is 0, the user is judged as a power failure and voltage loss user, and the asset number, the node number and the position information of the power failure and voltage loss user are further obtained; and if the voltage of the user is normal, discarding the user, and screening and judging the next user.
7. The method for studying and judging the power failure fault of the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method for acquiring the topology of the power distribution network of the power failure and voltage loss user comprises the following steps:
obtain the distribution network topology that power failure decompression user belongs to through the GIS system with power failure decompression user butt joint, include: and acquiring the node number and the user node number of the power distribution network.
8. The method for studying and judging the power failure fault of the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for establishing the ant colony is as follows:
classifying and aggregating according to the positions of the power failure and voltage loss users, and respectively forming big and small ant colonies containing the relationship, wherein the small ant colonies are as follows: the ant colony of the same branch line, the ant colony of the same low-voltage bus, the ant colony of the same medium-voltage feeder line and the ant colony of the same medium-voltage bus.
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