CN108593483B - High-heating-rate thermogravimetric analysis system and method based on laser heating - Google Patents

High-heating-rate thermogravimetric analysis system and method based on laser heating Download PDF

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CN108593483B
CN108593483B CN201810433631.0A CN201810433631A CN108593483B CN 108593483 B CN108593483 B CN 108593483B CN 201810433631 A CN201810433631 A CN 201810433631A CN 108593483 B CN108593483 B CN 108593483B
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laser
piece
lens
heating
analysis system
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CN108593483A (en
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王家伟
朱永祥
韦成华
王立君
吴涛涛
刘卫平
马志亮
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Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of chemical test systems, relates to a high-temperature-rise-rate thermogravimetric analysis system and method based on laser heating, and solves the problems of low heating rate and inaccurate heating temperature in the prior art, and can not meet the requirement of performing thermogravimetric analysis on materials at high temperature rise rate. The analysis system of the present invention includes a heating section, a measuring section, and a computer; the heating part comprises a laser, a micro lens array, a lens, graphite, a half-reflecting half-lens and a total reflecting lens group; the measuring part comprises a thermal imager, a sealing box and an electronic balance; laser beams provided by the laser sequentially pass through the micro lens array, the lens and the graphite; laser emitted from graphite passes through a half-reflecting half-lens, one part of the laser irradiates the front surface of the piece to be measured, and the other part of the laser irradiates the rear surface of the piece to be measured; the thermal imager monitors the temperature rise of the front surface and the rear surface of the piece to be detected respectively; the electronic balance is used for weighing the to-be-measured piece; and synchronously acquiring and recording the laser parameters, the thermal imager and the readings of the electronic balance by a computer.

Description

High-heating-rate thermogravimetric analysis system and method based on laser heating
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical test systems, and relates to a high-heating-rate thermogravimetric analysis system and method based on laser heating.
Background
Thermogravimetric analysis of materials has been an important test tool in the study of pyrolysis reaction kinetics.
At present, the test thermogravimetric analysis mainly comprises the steps of grinding a piece to be tested, controlling the voltage of an electric heating wire or an electric heating tube (disc) to enable the temperature of the piece to be heated to rise to a target temperature, and weighing by using a tray balance. The heating mode has the defects of low heating rate, small heating temperature range, inaccurate heating temperature and the like due to obvious heat transfer in the heating process. The highest heating rate of the existing thermogravimetric analyzer can reach 20 ℃/min, the highest temperature can reach 1600 ℃, and the requirement of the material for performing thermogravimetric analysis at high temperature and high temperature cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that the heating rate is low, the heating temperature range is small, the heating temperature is inaccurate, the requirements of thermal gravimetric analysis of materials at high temperature and high temperature are not met, and the like in the background technology, the invention provides a high-heating-rate thermal gravimetric analysis system and an analysis method based on laser heating, which can heat the front surface and the rear surface of a piece to be tested simultaneously and uniformly.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is that the high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating is characterized in that:
comprises a heating part, a measuring part and a computer;
the heating part comprises a laser, a micro lens array, a lens, graphite, a half-reflecting half-lens and a total reflecting lens group; the number of the micro lens arrays is two, and the micro lens arrays are divided into a first micro lens array and a second micro lens array; graphite is used to define the size of the laser beam;
the measuring part comprises a thermal imager, a sealing box and an electronic balance; the electronic balance is positioned in the sealed box; the piece to be measured is placed on an electronic balance; the number of the thermal imagers is two, and the thermal imagers are divided into a first thermal imager and a second thermal imager; the front surface of the sealing box is provided with a front germanium window and a front glass window, the rear surface of the sealing box is provided with a rear germanium window and a rear glass window, and two side surfaces of the sealing box are respectively provided with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe;
the laser is used for providing a laser light source, and the laser beam sequentially passes through the first micro-lens array, the second micro-lens array, the lens and the graphite; the laser beam emitted from the graphite passes through the half-reflecting half-lens, one part of the laser beam sequentially passes through the half-reflecting half-lens and the front glass window and then irradiates the front surface of the workpiece to be detected, the other part of the laser beam is reflected to the total reflecting mirror group by the half-reflecting half-lens, and the laser beam reflected by the total reflecting mirror group passes through the rear glass window and then irradiates the rear surface of the workpiece to be detected;
the first thermal imager and the second thermal imager monitor the temperature rise of the front surface and the rear surface of the piece to be detected under the laser irradiation through the front germanium window and the rear germanium window respectively;
the electronic balance is used for weighing the to-be-measured piece;
and synchronously acquiring and recording the laser parameters, the thermal imager and the readings of the electronic balance by a computer.
The above is a basic structure of the present invention, based on which the present invention also makes the following optimization improvements:
further, the first microlens array and the second microlens array have the same specification; the micro lens array is square, the size is 10mm multiplied by 10mm, the array specification is 9 multiplied by 9, the micro lens size of the array on the micro lens array is 1015um square lens, the array interval is 15um, and the curvature radius of the micro lens is 50 mm-120 mm.
Further, the total reflection mirror in the total reflection mirror group has the diameter range of 20 mm-200 mm.
Further, the clear aperture of the lens is in the range of 20mm to 200mm.
Further, the radius of curvature of the microlenses on the microlens array was 70mm.
Further, the graphite is square graphite with a through hole in the center, and the side length is 30-60 mm; the shape of the central through hole is square, and the side length of the through hole ranges from 5mm to 20mm.
Further, the power of the laser is in the range of 10W-500W and is continuously adjustable.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides an analysis method of the high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Placing the to-be-measured piece on an electronic balance, and rotating the to-be-measured piece to enable the to-be-irradiated surface of the to-be-measured piece to form an included angle alpha with the incidence direction of the laser beam, wherein the included angle alpha is more than 0 and less than or equal to 3 degrees;
2) Homogenizing a laser beam emitted by a laser, shaping the laser beam into uniform collimated light, limiting the collimated light by utilizing graphite, and enabling the limited collimated light to be consistent with the size of a piece to be measured;
3) The method comprises the steps that laser beams limited by graphite pass through a half-reflecting half-lens, wherein one part of the laser beams sequentially pass through the half-reflecting half-lens and front window glass and then are irradiated to the front surface of a piece to be detected, the other part of the laser beams are reflected to a total reflecting mirror group by the half-reflecting half-mirror, and the laser beams reflected by the total reflecting mirror group pass through a rear glass window and then are irradiated to the rear surface of the piece to be detected, so that the front surface and the rear surface of the piece to be detected are formed and are uniformly irradiated simultaneously;
4) Monitoring the temperature rise of the front surface and the rear surface of the to-be-detected piece under laser irradiation by utilizing the first thermal imager and the second thermal imager through the front germanium window and the rear germanium window respectively; the air inlet pipe is filled with air, and the air flow rate is not more than 0.5m/s; weighing the to-be-measured piece by using an electronic balance;
5) And synchronously acquiring and recording the laser parameters, the thermal imager and the readings of the electronic balance by a computer.
Further, the laser power increase rate of the laser is in the range of 0.5W/s to 2W/s.
Further, the to-be-measured member is a thin strip-shaped to-be-measured member made of a composite material or a metal material, and the length range of the to-be-measured member is 10 mm-50 mm, the width of the to-be-measured member is 1-10 mm, and the thickness of the to-be-measured member is 0.1-0.5 mm.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention relates to a high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating, which utilizes laser to heat the two sides of a piece to be measured uniformly, and can obtain thermogravimetric analysis curves of materials under different atmospheres and high temperature rise rates;
2. the high-temperature-rise-rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the test system utilizes laser to heat the to-be-tested piece, the temperature rise range is wider, the system construction is simple, and the implementation is easy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high heating rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the microlens array of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the graphite of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the seal box of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the seal box of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a laser; 2. a microlens array; 201. a first microlens array; 202. a second microlens array; 3. a lens; 4. graphite; 5. a half-mirror half-lens; 6. a total reflection mirror group; 7. a thermal imager; 701. a first thermal imager; 702. a second thermal imager; 8. a seal box; 901. a front germanium window; 902. a rear germanium window; 1001. a front glass window; 1002. a rear glass window; 11. an electronic balance; 12. an air inlet pipe; 13. a computer; 14. a piece to be measured; 15. and an air outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating includes a heating section, a measuring section, and a computer 13.
The heating part comprises a laser 1, a micro lens array 2, a lens 3, graphite 4, a half-reflecting half-lens 5 and a total reflecting mirror group 6; the number of microlens arrays 2 is two, divided into a first microlens array 201 and a second microlens array 202; the graphite 4 is used to define the size of the laser beam. The power range of the laser 1 is 10W-500W, the power is continuously adjustable, the light-emitting power of the laser 1 is adjusted to enable the to-be-tested piece 14 to reach different equilibrium temperatures, and the weight of the to-be-tested piece 14 at different temperatures is tested.
The measuring part comprises a thermal imager 7, a sealing box 8 and an electronic balance 11; the electronic balance 11 is positioned in the sealed box 8; the part 14 to be measured is placed on the electronic balance 11; the number of thermal imagers 7 is two, and is divided into a first thermal imager 701 and a second thermal imager 702. The electronic balance 11 may also be replaced by a pressure sensor.
The seal box 8 is made of graphite material. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a germanium window and a glass window are provided on the sealing case 8, the germanium window is divided into a front germanium window 901 and a rear germanium window 902; the glass windows are divided into a front glass window 1001 and a rear glass window 1002; the front germanium window 901 and the front glass window 1001 are arranged on the front surface of the sealing box 8, the rear germanium window 902 and the rear glass window 1002 are arranged on the rear surface of the sealing box 8, and the two side surfaces of the sealing box 8 are respectively provided with an air inlet pipe 12 and an air outlet pipe 15. The air inlet pipe 12 and the air outlet pipe 15 are positioned at the center of the side surface of the sealing box 8, and the included angle between the connecting line of the centers of the air inlet pipe 12 and the air outlet pipe 15 and the connecting line of the front glass window and the rear glass window is 90 degrees. The inner diameters of the air inlet pipe 12 and the air outlet pipe 15 are 5 mm-20 mm, and the recommended inner diameter is 10mm. The front glass window 1001 and the rear glass window 1002 are located at the side centers of the seal box 8, respectively. The laser transmittance of the glass window is not lower than 99%, the diameter range is 50 mm-200 mm, and the recommended diameter is 100mm; the thickness ranges from 10mm to 30mm, with a recommended thickness of 15mm. The diameter of the germanium window ranges from 50mm to 200mm, and the recommended diameter is 100mm; the thickness ranges from 10mm to 30mm, with a recommended thickness of 15mm.
Referring to fig. 2, the first microlens array 201 has the same specification as the second microlens array 202; the shape of the micro lens array 2 is square, the size is 10mm multiplied by 10mm, the array specification is 9 multiplied by 9, the micro lens size of the array on the micro lens array 2 is 1015um square lens, the array interval is 15um, the curvature radius of the micro lens ranges from 50mm to 120mm, and the curvature radius of the micro lens is preferably 70mm.
The clear aperture range of the lens 3 is 20 mm-200 mm, and the focal length range is 0.2 m-5 m. The total reflection mirror in the total reflection mirror group 6 has the diameter range of 20 mm-200 mm. Referring to FIG. 3, graphite 4 is square graphite with a through hole in the center, and the side length is in the range of 30 mm-60 mm; the shape of the central through hole is square, and the side length of the through hole ranges from 5mm to 20mm.
The diameter range of the total reflection mirror in the total reflection mirror group 6 is 20 mm-200 mm, and the reflectivity of the total reflection mirror 6 is not lower than 0.995; the total reflection mirrors are three in number, and the three total reflection mirrors 6 reflect the laser beam reflected by the half reflection mirror 5 onto the rear surface of the member to be measured 14.
The laser 1 is used for providing a laser light source, and the laser light beam sequentially passes through the first micro-lens array 201, the second micro-lens array 202, the lens 3 and the graphite 4; the laser beam emitted from the graphite 4 passes through the half-reflecting mirror 5, one part of the laser beam passes through the half-reflecting lens 5 and the front glass window 1001 in sequence and irradiates the front surface of the workpiece 14 to be measured, and the other part of the laser beam is reflected by the half-reflecting lens 5 to the total reflecting mirror group 6, and the laser beam reflected by the total reflecting mirror group 6 passes through the rear glass window 1002 and irradiates the rear surface of the workpiece 14 to be measured.
The first thermal imager 701 and the second thermal imager 702 monitor the temperature rise of the front surface and the rear surface of the piece to be measured 14 under the laser irradiation through the front germanium window 901 and the rear germanium window 902 respectively; the electronic balance 11 is used for weighing the to-be-measured piece 14; the computer 13 synchronously collects and records the parameters of the laser 1, the thermal imager 7 and the readings of the electronic balance 11. The readings of the electronic balance 11 are transmitted to the computer 13 via a wireless data link for recording.
An analysis method for the laser heating-based high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the piece 14 to be measured on the electronic balance 11, and rotating the piece 14 to be measured to enable the surface to be irradiated of the piece 14 to be in an included angle alpha with the incidence direction of the laser beam, wherein alpha is more than 0 and less than or equal to 3 degrees;
2) Homogenizing a laser beam emitted by a laser 1, then shaping the laser beam into uniform collimated light, requiring the half divergence angle of the collimated light beam to be smaller than 0.1mrad, limiting the collimated light by utilizing graphite 4, and enabling the limited collimated light to be consistent with the size of a piece 14 to be detected; after the test is started, the light-emitting power of the laser uniformly and slowly rises along with time aiming at the to-be-tested pieces made of different materials, so that the to-be-tested pieces are heated, and the light-emitting power of the laser is as follows:
P=kt,
wherein P is the laser light output power, and the unit is W; k is the laser power increasing rate, and the unit is W/s; t is time, and the unit is s; the laser power increasing rate ranges from 0.5W/s to 2W/s, and the recommended laser power increasing rate is 1W/s;
3) The laser beam limited by the graphite 4 passes through the half-reflecting mirror 5, wherein one part of the laser beam sequentially passes through the half-reflecting lens 5 and the front glass window 1001 and is irradiated to the front surface of the workpiece 14 to be detected, the other part of the laser beam is reflected by the half-reflecting lens 5 to the total reflecting mirror group 6, and the laser beam reflected by the total reflecting mirror group 6 passes through the rear glass window 1002 and is irradiated to the rear surface of the workpiece 14 to be detected, so that the front surface and the rear surface of the workpiece 14 to be detected are uniformly irradiated simultaneously;
4) Monitoring the temperature rise of the front surface and the rear surface of the piece to be measured 14 under laser irradiation by using the first thermal imager 701 and the second thermal imager 702 through the front germanium window 901 and the rear germanium window 902 respectively; the air inlet pipe 12 is filled with air, and the air flow rate is not more than 0.5m/s; weighing the to-be-measured piece 14 by using the electronic balance 11;
5) The computer 13 synchronously collects and records the parameters of the laser 1, the thermal imager 7 and the readings of the electronic balance 11.
When the high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating is used for testing, the to-be-tested piece 14 is a thin strip to-be-tested piece made of a composite material or a metal material, the dimension and the length range are 10 mm-50 mm, the width is 1-10 mm, and the thickness is 0.1-0.5 mm.
The optimal scheme of the piece to be measured 14 is as follows: the thickness of the composite material to be measured piece is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the metal to be measured piece is 1mm. The invention has the advantages of uniform heating, high temperature rising rate, high temperature control precision and the like for the preferable to-be-measured piece, and meanwhile, the to-be-measured piece with the thickness is convenient to process and control the precision.

Claims (10)

1. A high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating is characterized in that:
comprises a heating part, a measuring part and a computer (13);
the heating part comprises a laser (1), a micro lens array (2), a lens (3), graphite (4), a half-reflecting half-lens (5) and a total reflecting mirror group (6); the number of the micro lens arrays (2) is two, and the micro lens arrays are divided into a first micro lens array (201) and a second micro lens array (202); graphite (4) for defining the size of the laser beam;
the measuring part comprises a thermal imager (7), a sealing box (8) and an electronic balance (11); the electronic balance (11) is positioned in the sealed box (8); the piece (14) to be measured is placed on the electronic balance (11); the number of the thermal imagers (7) is two, and the thermal imagers are divided into a first thermal imager (701) and a second thermal imager (702); the front surface of the sealing box (8) is provided with a front germanium window (901) and a front glass window (1001), the rear surface of the sealing box (8) is provided with a rear germanium window (902) and a rear glass window (1002), and two side surfaces of the sealing box (8) are respectively provided with an air inlet pipe (12) and an air outlet pipe (15); the included angle between the central connecting line of the air inlet pipe (12) and the air outlet pipe (15) and the connecting line of the front glass window and the rear glass window is 90 degrees, and the inner diameters of the air inlet pipe (12) and the air outlet pipe (15) are 5 mm-20 mm;
the laser (1) is used for providing a laser light source, and laser beams sequentially pass through the first micro-lens array (201), the second micro-lens array (202), the lens (3) and the graphite (4); the laser beam emitted from the graphite (4) passes through the half-reflecting half-lens (5), one part of the laser beam sequentially passes through the half-reflecting half-lens (5) and the front glass window (1001) and then irradiates the front surface of the piece (14) to be detected, the other part of the laser beam is reflected to the total reflecting mirror group (6) by the half-reflecting half-lens (5), and the laser beam reflected by the total reflecting mirror group (6) passes through the rear glass window (1002) and then irradiates the rear surface of the piece (14) to be detected;
the first thermal imager (701) and the second thermal imager (702) monitor the temperature rise of the front surface and the rear surface of the piece to be detected (14) under the laser irradiation respectively through the front germanium window (901) and the rear germanium window (902);
the electronic balance (11) is used for weighing the to-be-measured piece (14);
the computer (13) synchronously collects and records the parameters of the laser (1), the thermal imager (7) and the readings of the electronic balance (11).
2. The laser heating-based high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system according to claim 1, wherein: the first micro-lens array (201) and the second micro-lens array (202) have the same specification; the micro lens array (2) is square in shape, the size is 10mm multiplied by 10mm, the array specification is 9 multiplied by 9, the micro lens size of the array on the micro lens array (2) is 1015um square lens, the array interval is 15um, and the curvature radius of the micro lens is 50 mm-120 mm.
3. A high heating rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the radius of curvature of the microlenses on the microlens array (2) is 70mm.
4. A high heating rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating according to claim 3, wherein: the clear aperture range of the lens (3) is 20 mm-200 mm.
5. The laser heating-based high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system according to claim 4, wherein: the total reflection mirror in the total reflection mirror group (6) has the diameter range of 20 mm-200 mm.
6. The laser heating-based high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system according to claim 5, wherein: the graphite (4) is square graphite with a through hole in the center, and the side length range is 30-60 mm; the shape of the central through hole is square, and the side length of the through hole ranges from 5mm to 20mm.
7. The laser heating-based high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system according to claim 6, wherein: the power range of the laser (1) is 10W-500W, and the power is continuously adjustable.
8. The analysis method of the high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Placing the piece (14) to be measured on an electronic balance (11), and rotating the piece (14) to be measured to enable the surface to be irradiated of the piece (14) to be at an included angle alpha with the incidence direction of the laser beam, wherein alpha is less than or equal to 3 degrees and is 0 degrees;
2) Homogenizing a laser beam emitted by a laser (1), shaping the homogenized laser beam into uniform collimated light, limiting the collimated light by using graphite (4), and enabling the limited collimated light to be consistent with the size of a piece (14) to be detected;
3) The laser beam limited by the graphite (4) passes through the half-reflecting half-lens (5), wherein one part of the laser beam sequentially passes through the half-reflecting half-lens (5) and the front glass window (1001) and then irradiates the front surface of the piece to be detected (14), the other part of the laser beam is reflected to the total reflecting mirror group (6) by the half-reflecting half-lens (5), and the laser beam reflected by the total reflecting mirror group (6) passes through the rear glass window (1002) and irradiates the rear surface of the piece to be detected (14) to form simultaneous and uniform irradiation of the front surface and the rear surface of the piece to be detected (14);
4) Monitoring the temperature rise of the front surface and the rear surface of the part to be detected (14) under laser irradiation by utilizing a first thermal imager (701) and a second thermal imager (702) through a front germanium window (901) and a rear germanium window (902) respectively; the air inlet pipe (12) is filled with air, and the air flow rate is not more than 0.5m/s; weighing the to-be-measured piece (14) by using an electronic balance (11);
5) The computer (13) synchronously collects and records the parameters of the laser (1), the thermal imager (7) and the readings of the electronic balance (11).
9. The analysis method of the high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating according to claim 8, wherein the analysis method comprises the following steps: the laser power increasing rate of the laser (1) ranges from 0.5W/s to 2W/s.
10. The analysis method of the high temperature rise rate thermogravimetric analysis system based on laser heating according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: the piece (14) to be measured is a thin strip piece to be measured of composite material or metal material, the length range of the piece is 10 mm-50 mm, the width is 1-10 mm, and the thickness is 0.1-0.5 mm.
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"激光加热下Nomex蜂窝夹层板的热力特性研究";王家伟;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库信息科技辑》(第3期);第I135-262页 *

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