CN108580548B - Equidistant rolling method for spiral conical rollers of large-size 45-steel ultrafine-grained bar - Google Patents
Equidistant rolling method for spiral conical rollers of large-size 45-steel ultrafine-grained bar Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
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Abstract
The invention discloses an equidistant rolling method for spiral conical rollers of large-size 45-steel ultrafine crystal bars, which relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an equidistant rolling method for spiral conical rollers of large-size 45-steel ultrafine crystal bars, and comprises the following steps of S1 selecting 45-steel blanks with the diameter D of 40-150mm and the length of 300-5000mm, S2 placing the 45-steel blanks in a heating furnace to heat to 850-980 ℃, S3 transferring the heated 45-steel blanks from the heating furnace to a guide chute of a skew rolling mill, S4 feeding the 45-steel blanks in the guide chute of the skew rolling mill, feeding the 45-steel blanks into a deformation zone between an inlet and an outlet of the skew rolling mill, carrying out spiral movement of the 45-steel blanks in the deformation zone until the deformation is finished, S5 repeating the steps of S2-S4, carrying out 2-10 times of spiral rolling on the 45-steel blanks to obtain 45-steel integral crystal bars, and the invention has the advantages of deep penetration in the deformation zone, multi-pass continuous stable local severe rolling, local severe local and ideal and repeated and three-dimensional compound grain thinning effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an equidistant rolling method of spiral conical rollers for large-size 45-steel ultrafine-grained bars.
Background
When the nano-scale material is prepared, the equivalent strain is usually more than 6, the traditional Plastic processing method is difficult to realize, and the Super Plastic Deformation (SPD) can be realized. Modern SPD starts from the combination of high pressure and shear deformation forming method proposed by Bridgemen, the rapid development starts from soviet union and western countries before the middle of the 70 th 20 th century, and Segal develops Equal-Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAP), which marks the arrival of the microstructure era of SPD research.
Definition of SPD generally accepted after 2006: the metal forming method which enables the block to generate super strain without obviously changing the geometric dimension of the block and presents the grain refinement effect of a large-angle grain boundary can obtain the grain sizes of micron-scale (100-1000 nm) and nanometer-scale (less than 100 nm), and can be called nano SPD (nano SPD for short). The nano SPD material has a large amount of large-angle non-equilibrium grain boundary tissues containing high-density dislocation and high internal stress, so that the material shows mechanical behavior and a deformation mechanism different from those of the traditional coarse-grained material.
The current processing technical scheme is as follows: typical SPD forming techniques include High Pressure Torsion (HPT), Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), cumulative rolling (ARB), Twist Extrusion (TE), and Multi-Directional Forging (MDF).
Wherein, (1) high-pressure torsional deformation, namely applying a plurality of GPa pressure on an original sample (block or powder) placed in a supporting groove, and relatively rotating an upper anvil and a lower anvil to cause the sample to generate strong shear deformation to refine grains, and the high-pressure torsional deformation is characterized in that a workpiece is disc-shaped and has a small size, the diameter is 10-20 mm, and the thickness is 0.2-0.5 mm.
(2) And (3) equal-diameter angular extrusion deformation, namely extruding the material from the end to the other end through two intersecting constant-angle equal-section channels in the die, changing the movement direction of the material through a bending angle to generate pure shear deformation, and repeatedly carrying out the forming process, wherein the shear strain quantity is increased along with deformation passes.
(3) The cumulative lap rolling method is characterized in that the original plates are subjected to double-layer stacking after surface treatment, are subjected to roll welding after being heated at , are sent back to the surface treatment from middle shearing and then are subjected to the next roll welding circulation, and in order to ensure that the rolled plates can be welded at , the reduction of each pass is not less than 50 percent, but strong shearing stress conditions are required in the ARB processing process, and a lubricant cannot be used, so that the service life of the roller is not favorable.
(4) Torsion extrusion: beygelzime et al teach this process. The method also adopts a forming technology of thinning crystal grains through shearing deformation, and the columnar blank is extruded through a torsion die, so that the method has the similar problem of uneven deformation as HPT, and the effect of thinning the crystal grains is lower than that of ECAP and HPT.
(5) Multidirectional forging: the process changes the free forging direction through multiple orthogonal operations to obtain large deformation. The grain refining effect of such deformation is significantly lower than that of ECAP and HPT.
In addition, existing processing technical schemes include derivation methods, in recent years, new SPD technology is diversified, the basic forming principle is the same as the above methods, and a plurality of ECAP forming new technologies are derived, the methods try to simplify tool design, reduce energy consumption, improve yield, improve workpiece size, upgrade automation degree and the like, wherein the methods comprise:
(1) ECAP derivatization method: repeatedly bending and straightening (RCS), placing the blank between bending dies, moving down along with the upper die, bending the blank into a wavy shape; the material structure is then refined by straightening with 2 plates and bending again, with repeated iterations, accumulating sufficient deformation without significantly changing the dimensions of the blank.
(2) A Cyclic Closed Die Forging (CCDF) is disclosed, the die consisting of a lower die having a cavity of a certain cross-section and punches of the same cross-section moving vertically within the cavity.A fully lubricated sample with graphite lubricant is placed into the lower die, heated to degrees.A workpiece is pressed into the lower die by the punches, removed, rotated 90 degrees about the Z axis in the same direction, reinserted into the lower die to deform in such a way that the workpiece is rotated 90 degrees about the Z axis between successive passes in such a way that it is subjected to 1,3 and 5 compressions, respectively.
(3) The method comprises the steps of reciprocating extrusion (CEC), wherein a die comprises two die cavities, compression belts and punches placed in the two die cavities, the cross sections of the two die cavities are equal, the two die cavities are connected through the middle compression belt on the same axes, a sample reaches the compression belts under the action of the punches in the extrusion process, the sample is extruded and deformed positively, an extruded workpiece is subjected to upsetting deformation under the action of the punches of another die cavities, then, the other punches press the workpiece back in the reverse direction according to the process, extrusion cycles are completed, and the process is repeated until the required strain is obtained.
(4) The plate is fed into a die cavity, the plate is strongly shaped and deformed at the corner of the die cavity and is extruded out from the other side of the die cavity, and a groove is processed on the surface of a feed roller to increase friction force, and the plate can be repeatedly shaped and deformed for multiple times in the same die due to the characteristic that the cross-sectional area of the material is not changed before and after deformation.
(5) The invented method uses the particularity of circular and elliptical shapes, and its cavity has no sharp corner region, so that the metal is easy to flow, and it can implement the combination of various deformation modes in times of technological processes.
(6) Continuous Friction Angle Extrusion (CFAE), the drive roller rotates and applies pressure P to the workpiece against its support, an th extrusion pass is formed between the drive roller and the workpiece support, the second pass is a short slot in a stationary die assembly, the sheet workpiece is processed to eight times with a maximum equivalent true strain of 5.3, and the sheet orientation remains constant at all times.
HPT derived method is applied to high pressure torsion (HPTT) of a pipe, the pipe being located within a rigid disk, a mandrel placed within the pipe and compressed in its elastic state by a compressor, the expansion being limited by the pipe and disk due to axial compression of the mandrel, expansion being limited by the axial compression of the mandrel, creating large hydrostatic stresses in the pipe, creating large frictional forces on both sides of the pipe.
The TE-derived processes, ultra-high torsion (STS), localize the Torsional Strain (TS) region by making this region less resistant to deformation than the other two parts by localized heating and cooling, at the same time as the TS region is created, the rod moves along the longitudinal axis, thus continuously creating an ultra-large plastic strain throughout the rod.
The yield strength level of carbon structural steel is 200MPa class, the yield strength level of low-alloy high-strength steel is 400MPa class, and the tensile strength level of alloy structural steel is 800MPa class, in order to meet the requirements of future economic and social development, new generation steel with high strength and long service life is required to be researched and developed, under the background, new generation ultra-fine grain steel material is presented to improve the comprehensive performance of steel, at present, a great deal of research on alloy steel ultra-fine grain preparation is carried out in China, patents [ 11130256.X ], [201611130221.6], [201611129217.8], [201611129146.1], and [201310508577.9] all adopt a method of rolling plate (hot rolling/warm rolling/cold rolling) and subsequent heat treatment to prepare different alloy steel plate materials, but are limited by the limitation of the volume of a deformation zone in the rolling process, the size of the ultra-fine grain material prepared by the method is small in the thickness direction, the thickness of the ultra-fine grain material prepared by the method is generally in the range of 18-20mm thickness, the method is generally applied to prepare ultra-fine grain rolled steel plate, thus the large-grain size of rolled steel bar material, the method is not applicable to realize the large-size of rolled ultra-fine grain rolled steel bar material, and the large-size of the existing industrial load-size rolled steel bar (EC18 mm rolled steel bar stock, the EC48 bar is not applicable to the EC18-18 mm load-18 bar and the method to realize the large-10 bar.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an equidistant rolling method of spiral conical rollers for large-size 45 steel ultrafine crystal bars, and aims to solve the problems of small deformation zone, poor penetrability, limited size and refinement degree, low efficiency and the like in the background technology.
The invention discloses an equidistant rolling method of spiral conical rollers for large-size 45 steel ultrafine crystal bars, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 45 steel blanks with the diameter dimension D of 40-150mm and the length of 300-5000 mm;
s2: placing the 45 steel blank in a heating furnace, and heating to 850-980 ℃ for 45 steel blank diameter Dx (0.6-0.8) min;
s3: transferring the heated 45 steel blank from the heating furnace into a guide chute of a skew rolling mill for 5-20 s;
s4, feeding the steel bar in a guide chute of a skew rolling mill, feeding the 45 steel bar into a deformation zone between an inlet and an outlet of the skew rolling mill, and performing spiral motion on the 45 steel bar in the deformation zone until the deformation is finished to obtain a 45 steel bar with the diameter Dm, wherein m is the rolling frequency, the diameter of the 45 steel bar obtained by rolling for times is D1, the diameter of the 45 steel bar obtained by rolling for two times is D2, and the like;
s5: repeating the steps S2-S4, and carrying out 2-10 times of spiral rolling on the 45 steel blank to obtain a 45 steel integral superfine crystal bar;
the skew rolling mill is a two-roller skew rolling mill, the rollers are single tapered rollers, spiral grooves are arranged on the rollers, the screwing direction of the spiral grooves is the same as that of a 45-steel blank in the rolling process, the taper angle gamma 1 is 19-21 degrees, the radius r of an arc for the rollers to bite into the 45-steel blank is 50-350mm, the feeding angle α of the rollers is 19-21 degrees, the rolling angle β of the rollers is 19-21 degrees, the roller distance Dg between the two rollers is 84-96.5% of the diameter D of the 45-steel blank, and the rotating speed n of the rollers is 35-65 r/min;
the 45 steel blank is a large-size bar;
the heating time of the repeated rolling process in the step S5 is 45 steel bar diameter Dm x (0.3-0.4) min.
Preferably, the small end surface of the roller is arranged to be a circular arc surface, and the radius of the circular arc surface is 50-350 mm.
Preferably, the pass ovality factor is the guide plate distance DdAnd the ratio of the roll spacing Dg, rolling the 45 steel blank in the deformation zone by adopting the pass ovality coefficient of 1.32-1.55 in the step S4.
Preferably, in the 45-steel billet rolling process, the roll distance Dg between the two rolls is fixed, which is beneficial to realizing multi-pass repeated rolling.
Preferably, the thread pitch iota of the spiral grooves is 8-20mm, and the tooth height h is 8-20 mm.
Preferably, the shape of the deformed region is maintained during the repeated rolling at step S5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out cross rolling on a high-temperature alloy blank, wherein a deformation area is large in penetration depth and capable of obtaining a large-size integral ultrafine grain structure, plastic deformation in the material during cross rolling consists of two parts, is compression deformation between rollers, the deformation is periodic discontinuous deformation, and parts are continuously torsional deformation, wherein the superposition of the compression deformation and the torsional deformation enables three-dimensional severe plastic deformation which is obviously different from conventional forging to be generated in the deformation area during the cross rolling process, (2) the diameter of the bar before and after the cross rolling is kept unchanged, the bar can be repeatedly rolled for multiple times, the width expansion exists during the cross rolling process, and the equivalent diameter in the cross section of the high-temperature alloy blank is kept unchanged, (3) continuously stabilizing local deformation, the rolling load is small, the deformation process is stable, the actual contact area of a workpiece and the high-temperature alloy blank in the cross rolling process is only a very small part of the surface area of the high-temperature alloy blank, and is local contact.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a roll of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of original structure β grains.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the number of rolling passes of according to an embodiment of the present invention as 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the number of rolling times of according to the embodiment of the present invention being 6.
FIG. 5 shows the relative positions of the dies during skew rolling according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a top view of the relative positions of the dies during skew rolling in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a left side view of the relative positions of the dies during cross-piercing in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the deformation zone of the skew rolling process of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-roller, 2-45 steel blank and 3-guide plate.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses an equidistant rolling method of spiral conical rollers for large-size 45 steel ultrafine crystal bars, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 45 steel blanks 2 with the diameter dimension D of 40-150mm and the length of 300-5000 mm;
s2: placing the 45 steel blank 2 in a heating furnace, and heating to 850-980 ℃ for 45 steel blank 2 diameter Dx (0.6-0.8) min;
s3: transferring the heated 45 steel blank 2 from the heating furnace to a guide chute of a skew rolling mill for 5-20 s;
s4, feeding materials in a guide chute of the skew rolling mill, feeding the 45 steel blank 2 into a deformation zone between an inlet and an outlet of the skew rolling mill, spirally moving the 45 steel blank 2 in the deformation zone until the deformation is finished to obtain a 45 steel bar with the diameter Dm, wherein m is the rolling frequency, the diameter of the 45 steel bar obtained by rolling for times is D1, the diameter of the 45 steel bar obtained by rolling for two times is D2, and so on;
s5: repeating the steps S2-S4, and carrying out 2-10 times of spiral rolling on the 45 steel blank 2 to obtain a 45 steel integral superfine crystal bar;
the skew rolling mill is a two-roller skew rolling mill, the rollers 1 are single conical rollers 1, spiral grooves are arranged on the rollers 1, the screwing direction of the spiral grooves is the same as the screwing direction in the rolling process of a 45 steel blank 2, the taper angle gamma 1 is 19-21 degrees, the arc radius r of the 45 steel blank 2 which is bitten into the rollers 1 is 50-350mm, the feeding angle α of the rollers 1 is 19-21 degrees, the rolling angle β of the rollers 1 is 19-21 degrees, the distance Dg between the two rollers 1 is 84-96.5 percent of the diameter D of the 45 steel blank 2, and the rotating speed n of the rollers 1 is 35-65 r/min;
the 45 steel blank 2 is a large-size bar;
the heating time of the repeated rolling process in the step S5 is 45 steel bar diameter Dm x (0.3-0.4) min.
The small end surface of the roller 1 is arranged to be an arc surface, and the radius of the arc surface is 50-350 mm.
Pass ovality coefficient as guide plate distance DdAnd the ratio of the roll gap Dg, the 45 steel blank 2 is rolled in the deformation zone by adopting the pass ovality coefficient of 1.32-1.55 in the step S4.
In the rolling process of the 45 steel blank 2, the roll distance Dg between the two rollers 1 is fixed, which is beneficial to realizing multi-pass repeated rolling.
The thread pitch iota of the spiral rolling groove is 8-20mm, and the tooth height h is 8-20 mm.
During the repeated rolling in step S5, the deformed zone shape remains unchanged.
The technology adopts the conical roller to roll 45 steel bars at equal roller spacing, has the advantages that the size of a deformation area is large, the size of the bars is not limited, the blank is in local contact with a die, the forming load is small, the integral superfine crystal preparation of the large-size bars can be realized, the rolling at equal roller spacing can be realized, the multi-pass repeated rolling can be realized, in addition, the auxiliary deformation of a spiral rolling groove on the conical roller is adopted, the small-range compression and bending shearing deformation are superposed on the original deformation basis, the ultra-large plastic deformation is finally realized, the effect of grain refinement is achieved, in addition, the blank is simultaneously subjected to the axial, radial and circumferential three-way strain effects in the forming process, the penetrating advantage of the deformation area is obvious, and finally, the reasonable 45 steel forming technology is matched, the 45 steel integral superfine crystal bars with the diameter size of 40-150mm and the length size of 300-5000mm and the other 5000mm can be produced, therefore, practical choices are provided for the industrial production of the 45 steel integral superfine crystal bars.
the method is characterized in that the material processing type is distinguished by recrystallization temperature, hot processing is carried out above the recrystallization temperature, cold processing is carried out below the recrystallization temperature, cold processing is adopted in the prior art for preparing the ultra-fine crystal, and due to insufficient deformation, only small crystal grains can be obtained by dislocation accumulation, but the crystal grains have poor thermal stability and can not be subjected to heat treatment.
Example :
the single conical roller 1 is designed and processed by adopting the technical parameters as shown in figure 1;
s1, selecting alloy steel 45 steel as main deformation parameters, wherein the diameter D is 80mm, the length is 800mm, the biting circular arc radius r of the spiral roller 1 is 60mm, the cone angle gamma 1 of the conical roller is 21 degrees, the feed angle α is 20 degrees, the rolling angle β is 21 degrees, the thread pitch iota of the spiral roller 1 is 13mm, the tooth height h is 9mm, the roller distance Dg is 86 percent of the blank diameter D, the pass ovality coefficient is 1.34, and the rotating speed n of the roller 1 is 42 r/min;
s2: heating the alloy steel cylindrical blank to 920 ℃ in a heating furnace for 60 minutes;
s3: transferring the blank heated to the temperature from the heating furnace to a guide chute of a skew rolling mill for 10 s;
s4: the blank spirally moves in the deformation zone until the deformation is finished.
S5, repeated rolling for 2 times and 6 times, sampling and analyzing, wherein the effect on refining alloy steel grains is remarkable, the grain size is small, the heating time of the repeated rolling process is that the diameter Dm of the 45 steel bar is multiplied by (0.3-0.4) min, m is the rolling frequency, the diameter of the 45 steel bar obtained by rolling for times is D1, the 45 steel bar is rolled twice, the 45 steel bar with the diameter of D1 is adopted as a blank to be rolled again, the diameter of the obtained 45 steel bar is D2, and the like, and the shape of a deformation area is kept unchanged in the repeated rolling process.
Based on the above example, the original structure is shown in fig. 2 with ferrite and pearlite as the main components, and the pearlite average size is 150 um; by adopting the method, the figure 3 is a typical 45 steel grain diagram with the rolling frequency of 2, wherein the grain size is about 12um, and the grain refinement degree is 92%; fig. 4 is a grain diagram of 6 rolling times, in which the grain size is about 2um and the degree of grain refinement is 98.7%. The operation principle is shown in fig. 8, and the positional relationship between the roll 1 and the guide plate 3 is shown in fig. 5, 6, and 7.
In summary, the constant roll pitch rolling method of the spiral conical roll of the large-size 45 steel integral superfine crystal bars, provided by the invention, comprises the steps of designing the shape of the spiral conical roll, keeping the roll pitch in a deformation zone unchanged, repeatedly carrying out multi-pass rolling by adopting the pass ellipticity coefficient of an overlarge deformation zone, and gradually accumulating the rolling into overlarge plastic deformation, wherein the method can carry out multi-pass spiral rolling, the rolling frequency for different types of alloy steel is within the range of 2-10, the refining effect for alloy steel crystal grains is optimal, and the obtained integral superfine crystal size is the smallest.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, spiral conical roller equidistant rolling method of large-size 45 steel ultrafine crystal bar, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a 45 steel blank (2) with the diameter dimension D of 40-150mm and the length of 300-5000 mm;
s2: placing the 45 steel blank (2) in a heating furnace and heating to 850-;
s3: transferring the heated 45 steel blank (2) from the heating furnace to a guide chute of a skew rolling mill for 5-20 s;
s4: feeding materials in a guide chute of the skew rolling mill, feeding the 45 steel blank (2) into a deformation zone between an inlet and an outlet of the skew rolling mill, and performing spiral motion on the 45 steel blank (2) in the deformation zone until the deformation is finished to obtain a 45 steel bar with the diameter Dm, wherein m is the rolling frequency;
s5: repeating the steps S2-S4, and carrying out 2-10 times of spiral rolling on the 45 steel blank (2) to obtain a 45 steel integral superfine crystal bar;
the skew rolling mill is a two-roller skew rolling mill, the rollers (1) are single tapered rollers (1), spiral grooves are arranged on the rollers (1), the screwing direction of the spiral grooves is the same as that of a 45-degree steel blank (2) in the rolling process, the cone angle gamma 1 is 19-21 degrees, the arc radius r of the 45-degree steel blank (2) which is bitten into the rollers (1) is 50-350mm, the feeding angle α of the rollers (1) is 19-21 degrees, the rolling angle β of the rollers (1) is 19-21 degrees, the roll distance Dg between the two rollers (1) is 84-96.5% of the diameter D of the 45-degree steel blank (2), and the rotating speed n of the rollers (1) is 35-65 r/min;
the 45 steel blank (2) is a large-size bar;
the heating time of the repeated rolling process in the step S5 is 45 steel bar diameter Dm x (0.3-0.4) min; during the rolling process of the 45 steel blank (2), the roll distance Dg between the two rollers (1) is fixed.
2. The method for rolling kinds of ultra-fine grain bar materials with large size 45 steel according to claim 1, wherein the small end face of the roll (1) is configured as a circular arc face with radius of 50-350 mm.
3. The method for equidistantly rolling kinds of ultra-fine grain bars made of large-size 45 steel by spiral conical rolls as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pass ovality factor is the guide plate distance DdAnd the ratio of the roll spacing Dg, the 45 steel blank (2) is rolled in a deformation zone by adopting a pass ovality coefficient of 1.32-1.55 in the step S4.
4. The method for equidistantly rolling spiral conical rolls of large-size 45-steel ultrafine grain bars according to claim 3, wherein the pitch l of the spiral grooves is 8-20mm, and the tooth height h is 8-20 mm.
5. The spiral conical roller equidistant rolling method of kinds of ultra-fine grain bars of large size 45 steel as set forth in claim 3, wherein the shape of the deformed zone is maintained during the repeated rolling of S5.
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| CN109807174B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-06-23 | 西安东耘新金属材料有限公司 | Reverse-cone spiral roller superfine crystal rolling method for large-size 45 steel bar |
| CN112044950B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-06-01 | 西北工业大学 | 3D-SPD (three-dimensional-Surge protective device) forming method for large-size superfine pearlite medium-carbon steel bar |
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Effective date of registration: 20210226 Address after: 401135 No. 618 Liangjiang Avenue, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing Patentee after: Chongqing lianghang metal material Co.,Ltd. Address before: Beilin District Shaanxi province Xi'an City friendship road 710072 No. 127 Patentee before: Northwestern Polytechnical University |
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Denomination of invention: A spiral cone roller equidistant rolling method for large-sized 45 steel ultrafine grain bars Granted publication date: 20200131 Pledgee: Chongqing Bank Co.,Ltd. Yuzui Branch Pledgor: Chongqing lianghang metal material Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024500000013 |