CN108579988B - Method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by utilizing desert aeolian sand - Google Patents
Method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by utilizing desert aeolian sand Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012106 screening analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 89
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 39
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 29
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 11
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 9
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052655 plagioclase feldspar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IXQWNVPHFNLUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Fe] IXQWNVPHFNLUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052612 amphibole Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014483 powder concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by utilizing desert aeolian sand, which comprises the following steps of: (1) carrying out screening analysis and microscopic examination on the aeolian sand, determining the screening fineness range, screening the aeolian sand, and feeding the screened product into a grading device to obtain a coarse grain part; (2) feeding the obtained coarse grain part into a high-frequency fine sieve, concentrating coarse grains on a grading sieve, and feeding the concentrated coarse grains into a shaping mill for ore grinding; (3) carrying out strong magnetic iron removal on the ground ore pulp by using a magnetic separator; (4) desliming the concentrate subjected to strong magnetic iron removal; (5) adjusting the pH value of ore pulp by acid for the deslimed concentrate, and adding an amine collecting agent for flotation and impurity removal; (6) and (4) carrying out feldspar flotation on the minerals subjected to flotation and impurity removal to obtain a product, namely feldspar concentrate. The preparation method is simple and feasible, the cost is low, and the prepared feldspar concentrate has high quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ore processing, and particularly relates to a method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by utilizing desert aeolian sand.
Background
The wind-blown sand is a sand layer which is blown by wind and is deposited, and is a tentacle for the desert to occupy the oasis and the desert to expand. In order to delay the foot step of desert expansion and reduce the harm of desertification, people often adopt measures of sand prevention and sand fixation such as planting trees and grass. In recent years, with the introduction of the concepts of industrial sand control and industrial sand utilization, the resource utilization of aeolian sand is gradually becoming a new measure for sand prevention and sand fixation. At present, the aeolian sand is successfully used as a roadbed material, and the related technology is popularized and applied. If the desert aeolian sand resource is to be fully utilized and subjected to mineral processing, the precondition is that the contents of iron, titanium and aluminum in the desert aeolian sand can be effectively reduced through reasonable impurity removal process flows of iron reduction, aluminum reduction and the like, so that the basic requirement of the glass industry can be met, and a novel ore deposit resource is provided for industrial utilization.
In the prior art, methods for removing iron (titanium) by mineral separation include a magnetic separation method, a gravity separation method, flotation iron removal, acid leaching iron removal, ultrasonic iron removal, microorganism iron removal and the like, but the single mineral separation iron removal method has respective defects and shortcomings. For example, in the acid leaching iron removal, quartz (feldspar) is not dissolved in acid (except hydrofluoric acid), and iron-containing impurity minerals are dissolved by the acid, so that the purpose of iron removal is achieved; the common acid used in the acid leaching method comprises sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, but the acid consumption cost is high, the environmental pollution is large, and the application range of the acid leaching method is increasingly limited along with the enhancement of the environmental awareness of people. For another example, the ultrasonic deferrization mainly depends on high-frequency (20000 hz) sound waves transmitted by a medium, when the ultrasonic waves are transmitted in a solution, a plurality of compression and expansion areas are generated to form countless bubbles, the bubbles are formed and broken (cavitation phenomenon), the internal pressure of the liquid is suddenly changed, so that shock waves (the pressure can reach thousands of atmospheric pressures) are accompanied, under the action of the shock waves, iron-containing minerals adhered to the surfaces of particles fall off from the surfaces of the particles and enter a liquid phase, so that the purpose of deferrization is achieved, but the ultrasonic deferrization technology is relatively complex and the cost is high. The microorganism iron removal is to use microorganisms such as aspergillus niger to soak and remove surface iron, and can be used for soaking and removing film iron or dip-dyeing iron on the particle surface, but the iron removal efficiency is low, and the effect is to be further improved. Therefore, how to combine and optimize the existing iron (titanium) removal method and effectively apply the method to the mineral separation process of the desert aeolian sand becomes a prerequisite for restricting the utilization of desert aeolian sand resources. In addition to the problem of removing iron (titanium) from the desert aeolian sand, the method finally relates to the problem of sorting quartz and feldspar in the desert aeolian sand, and is the final determining factor for whether quartz ore and feldspar ore in the desert aeolian sand can be utilized or not. At present, the quartz and the feldspar are mainly separated by a flotation separation method in China, and the method specifically comprises a hydrofluoric acid method, a fluorine-free acid method and a fluorine-free acid-free method.
CN101870474A provides a method for preparing quartz sand concentrate by mineral separation of desert aeolian sand, which can realize fluorine-free mineral separation, but many difficultly soluble substances are difficult to remove, and the cost is still too high. CN101885489B provides a method for preparing feldspar powder concentrate by mineral separation of aeolian sand in desert, which directly utilizes an electromagnetic strong magnetic separator to remove iron, so that iron in large particles cannot be removed easily, and actual operation is difficult. Therefore, there is a need for a simple and practical method for extracting concentrate from desert aeolian sand with high efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by utilizing desert aeolian sand, which utilizes the physical properties of minerals, firstly carries out fine classification and tailing discarding and removes most impurities which are difficult to remove in the conventional process; secondly, the coarse-grained aeolian sand is shaped and ground by using a shaping mill, so that the micro-morphology of quartz and feldspar particles is better ensured under the condition of ensuring the fineness of ground ore; and removing silicate and carbonate impurities which are difficult to remove in the residual minerals by using a flotation method, then carrying out flotation on the feldspar, thus obtaining a high-quality feldspar product, extracting the residual product after the feldspar is extracted, and mixing all the products for soil reclamation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by utilizing desert aeolian sand comprises the following steps: (1) screening, analyzing and microscopic examining the aeolian sand, determining the mesh number of the screening granularity, screening the aeolian sand, and feeding the screened product into a grading device to obtain a coarse grain part; (2) feeding the obtained coarse grain part into a high-frequency fine sieve, concentrating coarse grains on a grading sieve, and feeding the concentrated coarse grains into a shaping mill for ore grinding; (3) carrying out strong magnetic iron removal on the ground ore pulp by using a magnetic separator, and carrying out primary rough selection and primary scanning for twice strong magnetic iron removal; (4) desliming the concentrate subjected to strong magnetic iron removal; (5) adjusting the pH value of ore pulp of the deslimed concentrate by using acid, and adding an amine collecting agent to perform flotation and impurity removal, wherein the flotation process is primary roughing and secondary scavenging; (6) and adding HF into the ore subjected to flotation and impurity removal for adjustment and activation, adding an amine collecting agent for feldspar flotation, wherein the process is one-step roughing, and the roughed product is feldspar concentrate.
Furthermore, in the step 1, the aeolian sand is sieved by a sieve with 0.3-0.6mm to screen out grass roots and leaf impurities, then the product under the sieve enters a grading device to screen out most of fine particle impurities with the particle size of about 0.1mm, and the sieved out grass roots, leaf impurities and fine particle parts are directly backfilled to the original sand position to be reserved as soil for reclamation.
Further, in the step 2, the feeding concentration of the high-frequency fine sieve is 10-20%, the residual fine-particle impurities with the size of about 0.1mm are screened out, the grinding ore adopts a long-cylinder ball mill and the high-frequency fine sieve to form a closed circuit grinding system, and the content of particles with the grinding fineness of less than 200 meshes is 50-70%.
Furthermore, in the step 3, a vertical ring high gradient magnetic separator is used for removing iron by strong magnetism, the concentration of the fed ground ore pulp is 10-20%, and the magnetic field intensity is 0.9-1.2T.
Further, in the step 4, fine mud with the size of less than 0.04mm is removed by the desliming, and the underflow concentration after the desliming is 30-40%.
Further, in the step 5, the acid is 5% -15% of dilute sulfuric acid, the pH value of the ore pulp is adjusted to be 2-3, and the using amount is 1000-3000 g/t.
Further, in the step 5, the amine collecting agent is mixed amine, the roughing use amount is 70-150g/t, the scavenging use amount is 35-75g/t, and the scavenging use amount is 20-40 g/t.
Further, the minerals subjected to flotation and impurity removal in the step 6Fe (b) of2O3The content is less than 0.1 percent.
Further, the dosage of HF added in the step 6 is 300-1000g/t, the pH value of the ore pulp is adjusted to be 2-3, an amine collecting agent is added for feldspar flotation, and the dosage of the roughing mixed amine is 20-100 g/t.
Further, K of the feldspar ore concentrate2O grade is more than 8 percent, Na2O grade is more than 2 percent, Fe2O3Content less than 0.1%, TiO2The content is less than 0.02 percent.
Because the aeolian sand is formed by carrying aeolian sand flows, various minerals have extremely uneven particle size distribution due to different hardness, and therefore the aeolian sand is firstly screened. The invention discovers that SiO through screening analysis2Grade decreases with fineness, K2The O grade is increased along with the reduction of the fineness, and SiO in the-100-mesh aeolian sand2The content is reduced to below 80 percent. The reason may be that quartz is used as main mineral with the content of more than 70 percent, and because the quartz has higher hardness, the abrasion is smaller in the process of transporting sand by wind, and the coarse grains are enriched; the feldspar content is more than 30%, and the minerals have low hardness, high abrasion and are enriched in fine particles. The comprehensive research of microscopic identification, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscope analysis shows that the ore has complicated mineral types, transparent minerals mainly including quartz, potash feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, small amount of clay, sand bits and sericite, and other trace minerals including green tyre stone, chlorite, amphibole, etc. The metal minerals are mainly magnetite, hematite, and secondly pyrite and limonite, which are also dark or magnetic minerals to be removed from the minerals. The particle size of the potash feldspar is 0.01-0.7 mm, the particle size of the plagioclase feldspar is 0.01-0.8 mm, and the particle size of the quartz is 0.01-0.7 mm. The particle size of other impurities such as magnetite, hematite, limonite, pyrite, clay, sericite and the like is basically below 0.1 mm. Therefore, to extract high-grade feldspar and quartz, the aeolian sand should be graded and discarded at first. The grading tailing discarding fineness is 0.1-0.4 mm. Extracting feldspar and quartz from 0.1-0.4mm sieve part, and reclaiming soil from the sieve part.
The process flow of the invention is a process of screening analysis and microscopic examination of desert aeolian sand, grading and tailing discarding, shaping and grinding, strong magnetic iron removal, desliming, clay impurity removal by flotation, feldspar flotation and quartz purification, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, sieving the aeolian sand by a sieve of 0.3-0.6mm, and sieving to remove impurities such as grass roots, leaves and the like. And secondly, the undersize product enters a grading device to screen out most of fine particle impurities about 0.1 mm. And directly backfilling the screened grass root leaf impurities and fine particle parts to the original sand position for soil reclamation and standby.
2) Feeding the obtained coarse fraction into a high-frequency fine sieve, feeding the coarse fraction into a high-frequency fine sieve with the concentration of 10-20%, and sieving out residual fine impurities of about 0.1 mm. And then concentrating the coarse particles on the grading sieve, feeding the concentrated coarse particles into a shaping mill for grinding, wherein the grinding concentration is 60-70%, and the grinding adopts a long-cylinder ball mill and a high-frequency fine sieve to form a closed-circuit grinding system, so that the fineness of feldspar and quartz products can be more accurately ensured, and the appearance of the particles can also be ensured. Grinding the ore to separate various minerals into monomers, facilitating subsequent separation, and enabling the grinding fineness to be 50-70% of-200 meshes.
3) The iron impurities are the most main impurities of feldspar and quartz, so that the concentration of the ground ore pulp is 10-20%, the ground ore pulp is fed into a vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separator for carrying out strong magnetic iron removal, and the magnetic field intensity is 0.9-1.2T. Removing iron minerals with stronger magnetism, such as hematite, limonite, etc. And (3) carrying out rough concentration and once-through-selection by strong magnetism for two times of iron removal, wherein the concentrate after iron removal still contains a part of iron impurities, and the part of iron is removed by subsequent desliming and flotation processes.
4) And (3) desliming the concentrate subjected to strong magnetic iron removal to remove impurities such as fine-grain carbonate, clay and other silicates. Removing fine mud with a diameter of less than 0.04 mm.
5) The underflow concentration after desliming is 30-40%, the underflow product after desliming is subjected to flotation to remove the residual carbonate and silicate impurities, 5-15% of dilute sulfuric acid is used for adjusting the pH value of ore pulp to be 2-3, the using amount is 1000-3000g/t, amine collecting agents are added for carrying out the flotation of the impurities, the process is primary roughing and secondary scavenging, the using amount of the amine collecting agents for roughing is 70-150g/t, the one-scavenging amount is 35-75g/t, and the two-scavenging amount is 20-40 g/t.
6) Fe in minerals subjected to flotation and impurity removal2O3The content is less than 0.1 percent, and feldspar flotation can be carried out. HF is added as a regulator and an activator at the first time in an amount of 300-1000g/t, the pH value of ore pulp is 2-3, an amine collecting agent is added for feldspar flotation, the process is one-time roughing, the amount of the roughing amine collecting agent is 20-100g/t, and roughing products are feldspar concentrates.
Quality of the floated feldspar concentrate, K2O grade is more than 8 percent, Na2O grade is more than 2 percent, Fe2O3Content less than 0.1%, TiO2The content is less than 0.02 percent, and the product meets the standards of qualified feldspar raw materials for glass and ceramics.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by utilizing desert aeolian sand, which utilizes the physical properties of minerals, firstly carries out fine classification and tailing discarding, and removes most impurities which are difficult to remove in the conventional process; secondly, the coarse-grained aeolian sand is shaped and ground by using a shaping mill, so that the micro-morphology of quartz and feldspar particles is better ensured under the condition of ensuring the fineness of ground ore; and removing silicate and carbonate impurities which are difficult to remove in the residual minerals by using a flotation method, and then carrying out flotation on the feldspar, so that a high-quality feldspar product can be obtained, the residual products after the feldspar is extracted are all mixed for soil reclamation, the dosage of chemical reagents is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a technical route diagram for comprehensive utilization of desert aeolian sand.
FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis pattern of a mixed sample of inner Mongolia aeolian sand TS.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, the following examples are given to illustrate, but not to limit the scope of the invention.
The aeolian sand is firstly screened, taking the Tenggery desert as an example, and the screening result is shown in the table 1:
table 1 tengli desert aeolian sand screening experimental results (%)
As can be seen from Table 1, SiO2Grade decreases with fineness, K2The O grade is increased along with the reduction of the fineness, and SiO in the-100-mesh aeolian sand2The content is reduced to below 80 percent. The reason for this is that quartz is used as a main mineral, the content of the quartz is more than 70%, and the quartz has high hardness, so that the quartz is less worn in the process of transporting sand by wind and is enriched in coarse grains; the feldspar content is more than 30%, and the minerals have low hardness, high abrasion and are enriched in fine particles.
The comprehensive research of microscopic identification, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscope analysis shows that the aeolian sand has complicated mineral types, transparent minerals mainly including quartz, potash feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, small amount of clay, sand bits and sericite, and other trace minerals such as green tyre stone, chlorite, amphibole and the like. The metal minerals are mainly magnetite, hematite, and secondly pyrite and limonite, which are also dark or magnetic minerals to be removed from the minerals. The particle size of the potash feldspar is 0.01-0.7 mm, the particle size of the plagioclase feldspar is 0.01-0.8 mm, and the particle size of the quartz is 0.01-0.7 mm. The particle size of other impurities such as magnetite, hematite, limonite, pyrite, clay, sericite and the like is basically below 0.1 mm. Therefore, to extract high-grade feldspar and quartz, the aeolian sand should be graded and discarded at first. The grading tailing discarding fineness is 0.1-0.4 mm. Extracting feldspar and quartz from 0.1-0.4mm sieve part, and reclaiming soil from the sieve part.
Example 1
(1) Firstly, the aeolian sand is screened and analyzed and microscopic inspected, the screening fineness is determined to be 0.1-0.4mm, the aeolian sand is screened by a 0.5mm screen, and impurities such as grass roots, leaves and the like are screened out. And secondly, the undersize product enters a grading device to screen out most of fine particle impurities about 0.1 mm. And directly backfilling the screened grass root leaf impurities and fine particle parts to the original sand position for soil reclamation and standby.
(2) The coarse fraction obtained above was fed to a high frequency fine screen with a concentration of 15% and the remaining fine impurities of about 0.1mm were screened off. And then concentrating the coarse particles on the grading screen, feeding the concentrated coarse particles into a shaping mill for grinding, wherein the grinding concentration is 65%, and the grinding adopts a long-cylinder ball mill and a high-frequency fine screen to form a closed-loop grinding system, so that the fineness of feldspar and quartz products can be more accurately ensured, and the appearance of particles can also be ensured. Grinding to separate the mineral into monomers for subsequent separation, with fineness of less than 200 meshes (50-70%)
(3) The iron impurities are the most main impurities of feldspar and quartz, so the ground ore pulp is fed into a vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separator for removing iron by strong magnetism with the concentration of 15 percent, and the magnetic field intensity is 1.0T. Removing iron minerals with stronger magnetism, such as hematite, limonite, etc. And (3) carrying out rough concentration and once-through-flotation twice deironing by strong magnetism, wherein the concentrate after deironing still contains a part of iron silicate, and the part of iron is removed by subsequent desliming and flotation processes.
(4) And (3) desliming the concentrate subjected to strong magnetic iron removal to remove impurities such as fine-grain carbonate, clay and other silicates. Removing fine mud with a diameter of less than 0.04 mm.
(5) The underflow concentration after desliming is 35 percent, the underflow product after desliming is floated to remove the residual carbonate and silicate impurities, the pH value of the ore pulp is adjusted to be between 2 and 3 by using 10 percent of dilute sulfuric acid, the using amount is 3000g/t, mixed amine is added to carry out the impurity flotation, the process is primary and secondary scavenging, the using amount of the mixed amine for the primary scavenging is 100g/t, the one-scavenging amount is 55g/t, and the two-scavenging amount is 30 g/t.
(6) Fe in minerals subjected to flotation and impurity removal2O3The content is less than 0.1 percent, and feldspar flotation can be carried out. HF is added as a regulator and an activator at the first time, the dosage is 300-1000g/t, the pH value of ore pulp is between 2 and 3, mixed amine is added for feldspar flotation, the process is one-time roughing, the dosage of the roughing mixed amine is 60g/t, and roughing products are feldspar concentrates.
Example 2
(1) Firstly, the aeolian sand is screened and analyzed and microscopic inspected, the screening fineness is determined to be 0.1-0.4mm, the aeolian sand is screened by a 0.3mm screen, and impurities such as grass roots, leaves and the like are screened out. And secondly, the undersize product enters a grading device to screen out most of fine particle impurities about 0.1 mm. And directly backfilling the screened grass root leaf impurities and fine particle parts to the original sand position for soil reclamation and standby.
(2) The coarse fraction obtained above was fed to a high frequency fine screen with a concentration of 20% and the remaining fine impurities of about 0.1mm were screened off. And then concentrating the coarse particles on the grading sieve, feeding the concentrated coarse particles into a shaping mill for grinding, wherein the grinding concentration is 60%, and the grinding adopts a long-cylinder ball mill and a high-frequency fine sieve to form a closed-loop grinding system, so that the fineness of feldspar and quartz products can be more accurately ensured, and the appearance of particles can also be ensured. Grinding to separate the mineral into single bodies for subsequent separation, with the grinding fineness of-200 mesh 50-70%
(3) The iron impurities are the most main impurities of feldspar and quartz, so that the concentration of the ground ore pulp is 10 percent, the ground ore pulp is fed into a vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separator for strong magnetic iron removal, and the magnetic field intensity is 0.9T. Removing iron minerals with stronger magnetism, such as hematite, limonite, etc. And (3) carrying out rough concentration and once-through-flotation twice deironing by strong magnetism, wherein the concentrate after deironing still contains a part of iron silicate, and the part of iron is removed by subsequent desliming and flotation processes.
(4) And (3) desliming the concentrate subjected to strong magnetic iron removal to remove impurities such as fine-grain carbonate, clay and other silicates. Removing fine mud with a diameter of less than 0.04 mm.
(5) The underflow concentration after desliming is 40 percent, the underflow product after desliming is floated to remove the residual carbonate and silicate impurities, the pH value of the ore pulp is adjusted to be between 2 and 3 by using 5 percent of dilute sulfuric acid, the using amount is 3000g/t, mixed amine is added to carry out the impurity flotation, the process is one roughing and two scavenging, the using amount of the roughing mixed amine is 150g/t, the scavenging amount is 35g/t, and the scavenging amount is 40 g/t.
(6) Fe in minerals subjected to flotation and impurity removal2O3The content is less than 0.1 percent, and feldspar flotation can be carried out. HF is added as a regulator and an activator at the first time, the dosage is 300-1000g/t, the pH value of ore pulp is between 2 and 3, mixed amine is added for feldspar flotation, the process is one-time roughing, the dosage of the roughing mixed amine is 20g/t, and roughing products are feldspar concentrates.
Example 3
(1) Firstly, the aeolian sand is screened and analyzed and microscopic inspected, the screening fineness is determined to be 0.1-0.4mm, the aeolian sand is screened by a 0.6mm screen, and impurities such as grass roots, leaves and the like are screened out. And secondly, the undersize product enters a grading device to screen out most of fine particle impurities about 0.1 mm. And directly backfilling the screened grass root leaf impurities and fine particle parts to the original sand position for soil reclamation and standby.
(2) The coarse fraction obtained above was fed to a high frequency fine screen with a concentration of 10% to screen out the remaining fine impurities of about 0.1 mm. And then concentrating the coarse particles on the grading sieve, feeding the concentrated coarse particles into a shaping mill for grinding, wherein the grinding concentration is 70%, and the grinding adopts a long-cylinder ball mill and a high-frequency fine sieve to form a closed-loop grinding system, so that the fineness of feldspar and quartz products can be more accurately ensured, and the appearance of particles can also be ensured. Grinding to separate the mineral into monomers for subsequent separation, with fineness of less than 200 meshes (50-70%)
(3) The iron impurities are the most main impurities of feldspar and quartz, so the ground ore pulp is fed into a vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separator at the concentration of 10% for removing iron by strong magnetism, and the magnetic field intensity is 1.2T. Removing iron minerals with stronger magnetism, such as hematite, limonite, etc. And (3) carrying out rough concentration and once-through-flotation twice deironing by strong magnetism, wherein the concentrate after deironing still contains a part of iron silicate, and the part of iron is removed by subsequent desliming and flotation processes.
(4) And (3) desliming the concentrate subjected to strong magnetic iron removal to remove impurities such as fine-grain carbonate, clay and other silicates. Removing fine mud with a diameter of less than 0.04 mm.
(5) The underflow concentration after desliming is 40 percent, the underflow product after desliming is floated to remove the residual carbonate and silicate impurities, the pH value of the ore pulp is adjusted to be between 2 and 3 by using 15 percent of dilute sulfuric acid, the using amount is 3000g/t, mixed amine is added to carry out the impurity flotation, the process is one roughing and two scavenging, the using amount of the roughing mixed amine is 70g/t, the scavenging amount is 75g/t, and the scavenging amount is 20 g/t.
(6) Fe in minerals subjected to flotation and impurity removal2O3The content is less than 0.1 percent, and feldspar flotation can be carried out. HF is added as a conditioning in the flotationThe using amount of the finishing agent and the activating agent is 300-1000g/t, the pH value of the ore pulp is 2-3, mixed amine is added for feldspar flotation, the process is one-time roughing, the using amount of the roughing mixed amine is 100g/t, and a roughing product is feldspar ore concentrate.
Comparative example 1
The preparation process was substantially the same as that of example 1 except that the jet classifier tailing-off of step 1 was not performed in the preparation.
Comparative example 2
The preparation process was substantially the same as that of example 1, except that the desliming of step 4 was not performed in the preparation.
Comparative example 3
The preparation process was substantially the same as that of example 1, except that the flotation impurity removal of step 5 was not performed in the preparation.
The feldspar concentrates obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the taste and impurity content test, and the results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 2
From the above table, it can be seen that: the invention provides a method for extracting feldspar concentrates by utilizing desert aeolian sand, which utilizes the physical properties of minerals, firstly carries out fine classification and tailing discarding to remove most of impurities which are difficult to remove in the conventional process, secondly removes silicate and carbonate impurities which are difficult to remove in the residual minerals by utilizing a flotation method, and then carries out feldspar flotation, thus obtaining high-quality feldspar products.
The above description should not be taken as limiting the invention to the embodiments, but rather, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simplifications or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which shall be deemed to fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by utilizing desert aeolian sand comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out screening analysis and microscopic examination on the aeolian sand, determining the screening fineness range, screening the aeolian sand, and feeding the screened product into a grading device to obtain a coarse grain part; (2) feeding the obtained coarse grain part into a high-frequency fine sieve, concentrating coarse grains on a grading sieve, and feeding the concentrated coarse grains into a shaping mill for ore grinding; (3) carrying out strong magnetic iron removal on the ground ore pulp by using a magnetic separator, and carrying out primary rough selection and primary scanning for twice strong magnetic iron removal; (4) desliming the concentrate subjected to strong magnetic iron removal; (5) adjusting the pH value of ore pulp of the deslimed concentrate by using acid, and adding an amine collecting agent to perform flotation and impurity removal, wherein the flotation process is primary roughing and secondary scavenging; (6) adding HF into the ore subjected to flotation and impurity removal for adjustment and activation, adding an amine collecting agent for feldspar flotation, wherein the process is primary roughing, and a roughing product is feldspar concentrate; and (2) after the screened product in the step (1) enters a grading device, grading and tailing discarding are carried out on the aeolian sand, and the grading and tailing discarding fineness is 0.1-0.4 mm.
2. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate from desert aeolian sand according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, aeolian sand is sieved by a 0.3-0.6mm sieve to screen out grass root and leaf impurities, then the sieved product is fed into a grading device to screen out most of fine particle impurities about 0.1mm, and the sieved grass root, leaf impurities and fine particle parts are directly backfilled to an original sand position to be reserved for soil reclamation.
3. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by using desert aeolian sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the feeding concentration of the high-frequency fine screen is 10-20%, the remaining fine-grained impurities with the thickness of about 0.1mm are screened out, the ore grinding adopts a closed circuit ore grinding system consisting of a long cylinder type ball mill and the high-frequency fine screen, and the content of particles with the grinding fineness of less than 200 meshes is 50-70%.
4. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by using desert aeolian sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the strong magnetic iron removal is performed by using a vertical ring high gradient magnetic separator, the concentration of the fed ground ore pulp is 10-20%, and the magnetic field intensity is 0.9-1.2T.
5. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by using desert aeolian sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the desliming removes fine mud with the thickness of less than 0.04mm, and the concentration of underflow after desliming is 30-40%.
6. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by using desert aeolian sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 5, the acid is 5% -15% dilute sulfuric acid, the pH value of the ore pulp is adjusted to be 2-3, and the dosage is 1000-3000 g/t.
7. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate from desert aeolian sand according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the amine collecting agent is mixed amine, the roughing dosage is 70-150g/t, the scavenging dosage is 35-75g/t, and the scavenging dosage is 20-40 g/t.
8. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate from desert aeolian sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 6 is carried out to float Fe of the impurity-removed minerals2O3The content is less than 0.1 percent.
9. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate by using desert aeolian sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of HF added in step 6 is 300-1000g/t, the pH value of ore pulp is adjusted to be 2-3, an amine collector is added for feldspar flotation, and the amount of roughed mixed amine is 20-100 g/t.
10. The method for extracting feldspar ore concentrate from desert aeolian sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein K of feldspar ore concentrate is2O grade is more than 8 percent, Na2O grade is more than 2 percent, Fe2O3Content less than 0.1%, TiO2The content is less than 0.02 percent.
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