Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a method for treating the solid waste of the bronze stone in gem processing, which makes the leftover materials of the bronze stone into various pigment products and changes waste into valuable.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for treating solid waste of sapphire processing and bronze stone comprises the following steps:
(1) Directly scrubbing the bronze leftover materials generated by processing the jewel to remove impurities to obtain scrubbed leftover materials;
(2) Air-drying the scrubbing leftover materials, then crushing the scrubbing leftover materials to the granularity of-4.75 mm, and then pre-screening to obtain coarse grain leftover materials and medium grain leftover materials respectively;
(3) Performing photoelectric color separation on the coarse grain leftover materials and the medium grain leftover materials respectively to obtain coarse grain bronze stones and medium grain bronze stones;
(4) Crushing the coarse-grain aurin ore to a granularity of-2 mm, then mixing the coarse-grain aurin ore with the medium-grain aurin ore, grinding the mixture until the granularity of-0.074 mm accounts for 55-70%, subjecting the obtained ore pulp to flotation, and performing flotation to respectively obtain pyrite mineral and aurin ore concentrate;
(5) Carrying out water separation and color separation on the chrysotile concentrate to obtain a light blue mineral pigment product and settled sand;
(6) And finely grinding the settled sand until the granularity of minus 0.045mm accounts for 70-90%, and then carrying out water separation again to obtain a dark blue mineral pigment product, a sky blue mineral pigment product and a light blue mineral pigment product respectively.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the particle size of the coarse leftover bits and pieces is-4.75 +2.00mm; and/or the particle size of the medium particle leftover material is-2.00 +0.71mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the condition of the coarse leftover bits and pieces photoelectric color sorting is as follows: adopting green background, the sensitivity is 30-60%, the number of lines is 3-6, and the number of scabs is 2-18; and/or the condition of the middle grain leftover material photoelectric color selection is as follows: green background is adopted, the sensitivity is 30-60%, the number of lines is 2-4, and the number of scabs is 1-8.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (4), the flotation operation comprises: subjecting the obtained pulp to H 2 SO 4 And adjusting the pH value to 5.0-6.0, adding a copper sulfate activator, a butyl xanthate collector and a pine alcohol oil foaming agent into the ore pulp for flotation, wherein the foam product obtained by flotation is a pyrite mineral, and the flotation underflow is a bronze ore concentrate.
Preferably, the flotation operation flow comprises one-time roughing and two-time scavenging, and foam products in each operation are combined into pyrite minerals.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, when the water separation is carried out, a dispersant, preferably water glass, is added into the system; the concentration of the dispersant in the system is 0.01-0.2%. The dispersant is added during the water separation to prevent mutual aggregation of the particles in the system, so that the settling time is shortened by utilizing the difference of the settling speed of the particles, and the dark and light mineral pigment products with different color steps are elutriated gradually from thin to thick.
The operation of the elutriation color can adopt the following steps: adding a dispersing agent into the system to ensure that the concentration of the dispersing agent is 0.01-0.2%, uniformly stirring, then extracting the upper layer slurry with a fixed height by controlling the standing time, adding clear water, stirring, standing and extracting for multiple times, and stopping until the upper layer slurry with the fixed height is clarified. And then increasing the standing time to gradually elutriate the dark and light mineral pigment products with different color steps from thin to thick.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method for treating the solid waste of the sapphire processing laponite provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
directly scrubbing the diamond leftover materials generated by processing the gemstones by a cylindrical scrubbing machine to remove soil or dirt on the surface, and then screening fine mud impurities by a cylindrical screen or a vibrating screen to obtain oversize materials which are the scrubbing leftover materials;
air-drying the scrubbed leftover materials, and then pre-screening the scrubbed leftover materials through a vibrating screen with 4.75mm screen holes to obtain products with a size fraction of +4.75mm and a size fraction of-4.75 mm, crushing the products with the size fraction of +4.75mm through a crusher, returning to the pre-screening operation to form closed-circuit crushed ores, and crushing the closed-circuit crushed ores to a particle size of-4.75 mm; screening products with the particle size of-4.75 mm in a multi-stage mode to obtain coarse particle leftover materials and medium particle leftover materials, and screening to obtain fine particle impurities with the particle size of-0.71 mm;
respectively feeding the coarse grain leftover materials and the medium grain leftover materials into a photoelectric color sorter for photoelectric sorting to obtain coarse grain bronze stones, medium grain bronze stones and impurity color impurities;
crushing the coarse-grained chrysolite by a jaw crusher, screening by a vibrating screen with 2mm screen holes, returning the particles on the screen to the crushing operation to form closed crushed ore, and crushing to the granularity of-2 mm; mixing the crushed coarse-grained chrysolite and the medium-grained chrysolite, putting the mixture into a ceramic mill, coarsely grinding the mixture until the granularity of-0.074 mm accounts for 55-70%, preparing the mixture into ore pulp with the concentration of 20-35%, and performing flotation on the obtained ore pulp to obtain chrysolite concentrate and pyrite minerals;
carrying out water separation and color separation on the chrysotile concentrate by a gravity settling method to obtain a light blue mineral pigment product and settled sand; and the settled sand is finely ground in a ceramic ball mill until the granularity of minus 0.045mm accounts for 70-90%, and then is subjected to water precipitation color separation by a gravity settling method to be divided into dark and light color products with different thicknesses and color levels, so that a dark blue mineral pigment product, a sky blue mineral pigment product and a light blue mineral pigment product are obtained respectively.
In the product finally obtained by adopting the method, the particle size range of the light blue mineral pigment product is less than 0.010mm.
The particle size range of the dark blue mineral pigment product is 0.074-0.037 mm.
The granularity range of the sky blue mineral pigment product is 0.037-0.019 mm.
The particle size range of the bluish mineral pigment product is less than 0.019mm.
The bronze stone has beautiful sky blue color, and its color is formed by silicon-oxygen tetrahedron to form a net structure, and the net cavity must have S 2- 、Cl - And the like exist, so that blue is displayed, the structure is developed, metal ions are not relied on, and the color development mechanism is different from the pigment developed by the ion such as rock green and rock green. Through analysis, the ingredients of the green gold stone leftover materials generated by processing the jewel mainly comprise minerals such as green gold stone, diopside, pyrite, calcite and the like, the specific gravity difference among the minerals is small, but the color difference between the green gold stone and other minerals is obvious, and meanwhile, the flotability of the pyrite is good. In order to utilize the solid wastes of the bronze stone leftover materials in a high-value manner, the invention provides a method for preparing mineral pigments by efficiently removing impurities, purifying the bronze stone and finely grinding.
In the processing method provided by the invention, the bronze stone leftover materials generated by processing the jewel are directly scrubbed without being crushed, and the surface soil and dirt are removed by utilizing the collision among ores through a cylindrical scrubbing machine.
During impurity removal and purification, the method fully utilizes the color difference and the difference of physical and chemical properties among various minerals, and effectively removes impurities by means of photoelectric color separation, flotation and the like, thereby purifying the bronze stone.
Coarse grain and medium grain leftover materials are respectively subjected to photoelectric color sorting to remove impurity impurities, and products in a narrow grain size range are subjected to photoelectric color sorting, so that the photoelectric color sorting effect can be improved, and the purification and impurity removal effects of the bronze are ensured.
The method for gradually shortening the settling time by carrying out water separation and color separation by utilizing the settling velocity difference of particles elutes the dark and light mineral pigment products with different color levels from thin to thick gradually to play a role in color separation.
The purity of several pigment products obtained by the treatment of the invention is high and can reach more than 99 percent; and the chroma is good, and the pigment has the advantage of good quality when used.
The invention provides a method for treating the solid waste of the sapphire processing bronze stone, which takes the bronze stone solid waste generated in the gem processing industry as a raw material, and prepares the solid waste which cannot be utilized at present into various pigment products, thereby changing waste into valuable; the method also has the advantages of simple steps, low cost and high added value of products. The method utilizes source classification treatment and mineral processing treatment technology, so that the solid wastes of the sapphire processing stone are recycled and utilized with high value, waste materials are changed into valuable materials, the process is simple, the method has great significance for sustainable development of the sapphire processing industry, and the popularization and application are convenient.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples.
The percentages in the following examples are given by mass.
Example 1
The object treated by the embodiment is the solid waste of the bronze stone, namely, the leftover material generated in the working process of the bronze stone, the original particle size range is 2-150 mm, and the multielement analysis is shown in table 1. The mineral components of the bronze leftover materials mainly comprise mineral components such as bronze stone, diopside, pyrite, calcite and the like.
TABLE 1
The process flow shown in fig. 1 is adopted to treat the bronze stone leftover materials, and the treatment steps are as follows:
(1) Scrubbing the bronze leftover materials by a cylindrical scrubbing machine under the condition of original granularity, removing soil or dirt on the surface by means of collision among the leftover material particles, screening out fine mud impurities with the size of-1 mm by a vibrating screen after scrubbing, wherein the obtained oversize materials are the scrubbed leftover materials, and the undersize materials are the mud impurities;
(2) Scrubbing leftover materials, air-drying, pre-screening by a vibrating screen with a screen hole of 4.75mm to obtain a size fraction of +4.75mm and a size fraction of-4.75 mm, crushing the size fraction of +4.75mm by a crusher, returning to pre-screening operation to form closed-circuit crushed ores, and crushing the closed-circuit crushed ores to a product with a particle size of-4.75 mm;
(3) A product with the particle size of-4.75 mm is screened in two stages through a vibrating screen with screen holes of 2mm and 0.71mm, and is divided into a coarse grain leftover material (the particle size is-4.75 +2.0 mm) and a medium grain leftover material (the particle size is-2.0 + 0.71mm), and fine grain impurities (the particle size is-0.71 mm) are separated;
(4) Respectively feeding the coarse grain and medium grain leftover materials into a photoelectric color selector for sorting; the photoelectric color selection conditions of the coarse grain leftover materials are as follows: adopting green background, the sensitivity is 45%, the number of lines is 6, and the number of scabs is 8; the photoelectric color selection conditions of the medium grain leftover materials are as follows: the green background was used, the sensitivity was 60%, the number of lines 2, and the number of lesions 2. Removing white and gray particles through photoelectric color selection to respectively obtain coarse-grained bronze stone and medium-grained bronze stone, and removing impurity impurities;
(5) Crushing the coarse-grained chrysolite by a jaw crusher, sieving by a vibrating sieve with a sieve hole of 2mm, returning the particles on the sieve to the crushing operation to form closed-circuit crushed ore, and crushing to the granularity of-2 mm;
(6) Mixing the crushed coarse-grained and medium-grained chrysotile, coarse grinding in a zirconia ceramic mill until the fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 62.5% (namely the mass ratio of minerals in the-0.074 mm grade accounts for 62.5%), blending to prepare ore pulp with the concentration of 30%, performing foam flotation, and adding H in a coarse separation section 2 SO 4 Adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to 5.5, sequentially adding an activating agent copper sulfate (the dosage is 200g/t, namely 200g of copper sulfate, the same below, is added to each ton of minerals in the flotation ore pulp), a collecting agent butyl xanthate (100 g/t) and a foaming agent terpineol oil (30 g/t), sequentially adding the activating agent copper sulfate (100 g/t), the collecting agent butyl xanthate (50 g/t) and the foaming agent terpineol oil (10 g/t) in two scavenging operations, combining foam products obtained in three flotation operations into pyrite minerals, and scavenging the ore pulp in a flotation tank for the second time to serve as a bronze concentrate;
(7) Carrying out water separation on the chrysotile concentrate by a gravity settling method to obtain a light blue mineral pigment product (the particle size range is less than 0.010 mm) and settled sand;
the settled sand enters a ceramic ball mill for fine grinding operation, the fineness of the settled sand is ground to-0.045 mm and accounts for 85.5%, the fine ground product is subjected to elutriation color separation by a gravity settling method, during the elutriation color separation, dispersant water glass is added into the system, the mass percentage concentration in the system is 0.05%, and the fine ground product is separated into dark and light color products with different thicknesses and color levels through the elutriation color separation, namely a dark blue mineral pigment product (the granularity range is 0.074-0.037 mm), a sky blue mineral pigment product (the granularity range is 0.037-0.019 mm) and a light blue mineral pigment product (the granularity range is less than 0.019 mm).
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.