CN108559143B - Flat-floating weather balloon and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Flat-floating weather balloon and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108559143B CN108559143B CN201810359868.9A CN201810359868A CN108559143B CN 108559143 B CN108559143 B CN 108559143B CN 201810359868 A CN201810359868 A CN 201810359868A CN 108559143 B CN108559143 B CN 108559143B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
- C08L7/02—Latex
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/08—Adaptations of balloons, missiles, or aircraft for meteorological purposes; Radiosondes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flat-drifting meteorological balloon, which is prepared from raw materials containing concentrated natural latex and mechanical oil, and also contains organic nano fibers accounting for 0.5-3% of the total mass of the raw materials. The flat-floating meteorological balloon provided by the invention stops expanding after expanding to a certain volume, maintains the volume, and is balanced with a load finally to realize a high-altitude flat-floating state as the buoyancy borne by the flat-floating meteorological balloon is continuously reduced along with the reduction of the air density according to a buoyancy formula. The flatly-floating meteorological balloon provided by the invention is simple to apply, good in air tightness and high in flatly-floating height, and can float flatly for more than 3 hours at the height of 25 km.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-altitude meteorological detection, in particular to a flat-floating meteorological balloon and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-altitude meteorological detection is an important component of meteorological comprehensive detection, and is closely related to the survival and development of human beings and the application of aviation, aerospace, military and the like. The meteorological balloon carries a sounding instrument to detect meteorological elements (temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind power, air pressure and the like) in the air, which is the most convenient and economic mode for high-altitude meteorological detection. The existing sounding service system in China has differences from the advanced foreign countries in the aspects of space layout (east, secret and west sparse), automation degree, time observation resolution and service operation maintenance technical level, and the high-altitude meteorological observation level is difficult to bear in the aspect of expense burden by increasing the ball-dropping site and the encryption observation mode.
Selecting 120 sounding stations in the whole country in 2015, observing at 08 and 20 hours as samples, taking 10hPa (25km) as a drift starting point, taking instantaneous wind of the layer as drift wind, and estimating drift characteristics in summer and winter. In the whole view, the sounding balloon has wide drift coverage range, the line track has obvious regularity along with the division of the height and seasons, and the border can be covered in more than 3 hours. If the balloon can drift over 25km of air for more than 3 hours, cryptographic observation capability can be achieved for a particular time and region. The method is extended to 120 air exploration stations in the country for routine high-altitude exploration 2 times in the morning and at night, and stratospheric continuous observation data in most regions in the country can be obtained, so that the high-altitude meteorological exploration level in China is greatly improved.
However, existing sounding balloons employ a single-trip ascent. For example: chinese patent document CN101526630A discloses a meteorological balloon and a production method thereof, wherein the meteorological balloon provided by the patent document is uniformly expanded in the rising process after being discharged, and explodes to about 30km in height, and the sounding is stopped, so that the flat floating process cannot be realized. The existing height-fixing balloon is mostly made of a plastic film, the height-fixing height is below 5000 meters, and the use requirement of a station for measuring high-altitude meteorological elements cannot be met in height.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flat floating weather balloon and a manufacturing method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art. The flatly-floating meteorological balloon provided by the invention is simple to apply, good in air tightness and high in flatly-floating height, and can float flatly for more than 3 hours at the height of 25 km.
Specifically, the invention provides a flat-drifting meteorological balloon, and raw materials for preparing the flat-drifting meteorological balloon contain concentrated natural latex and mechanical oil, and further contain organic nano fibers accounting for 0.5-3% of the total mass of the raw materials.
Preferably, in the raw materials for preparing the flat-floating weather balloon, the mass ratio of concentrated natural latex, mechanical oil and organic nano-fiber is 100: 3-5: 1 to 3.
The invention adds proper amount of organic nanometer fiber into balloon production raw materials including concentrated natural latex and mechanical oil, and the organic nanometer fiber is uniformly distributed in the balloon skin glue film; the nano fibers have very large length-diameter ratio, and have ultrahigh strength and extremely strong toughness, so that the stretching strength of the balloon can be greatly enhanced. In the ascending process of the balloon, the pressure difference between the air pressure in the balloon and the air pressure outside the balloon is gradually increased due to the reduction of the air density, so that the balloon tends to expand; meanwhile, the resilience of the ball skin enables the balloon to tend to keep the original shape. When the force required by the balloon to reach a certain stretching strength is larger than the force applied by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the balloon, the balloon stops expanding. The organic nano-fiber is a multi-walled carbon nano-tube.
In order to improve the comprehensive performance of the flat-floating gas-phase balloon, the raw materials for preparing the flat-floating gas-phase balloon further contain a surfactant, an anti-aging agent, an accelerator, inorganic alkali, sulfur, casein and zinc oxide.
As a specific scheme of the invention, the balloon is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of concentrated natural latex, 0.1-0.3 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.1-0.2 part of casein, 0.05-0.15 part of peregal O, 1-2 parts of sulfur, 1-2 parts of an anti-aging agent D (N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine), 1-2 parts of an anti-aging agent 4010NA (N-phenyl-N' -isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine), 1-2 parts of an accelerator PX (zinc ethyl-phenyl-dithiocarbamate), 0.5-3 parts of zinc oxide, 3-5 parts of machine oil and 1-3 parts of organic nano-fibers.
In order to realize the level drift on the stratosphere, particularly at the height of 25km, the level drift meteorological balloon is preferably prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of concentrated natural latex, 0.1-0.2 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.1-0.2 part of casein, 0.05-0.15 part of peregal O, 0.8-1.2 parts of sulfur, 0.8-1.2 parts of anti-aging agent D, 0.8-1.2 parts of anti-aging agent 4010NA, 1-2 parts of accelerator PX, 0.3-0.7 part of zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of machine oil and 2-4 parts of organic nano-fiber.
As a specific preferred scheme of the invention, the flat-floating weather balloon is prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of concentrated natural latex, 0.15 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.15 part of casein, 0.1 part of peregal O, 1 part of sulfur, 1 part of anti-aging agent D, 4010NA1 part of anti-aging agent, 1.5 parts of promoter PX, 0.5 part of zinc oxide, 5 parts of machine oil and 3 parts of organic nano-fiber.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flat-floating weather balloon, which comprises the following steps: fully mixing raw materials including concentrated natural latex, adding mechanical oil, fully mixing, adding organic nano-fiber, and fully mixing to obtain a composition; processing the composition into a gas phase balloon.
As a specific scheme of the invention, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing sulfur, an anti-aging agent D, an anti-aging agent 4010NA, a promoter PX and zinc oxide into a water dispersion;
s2, preparing potassium hydroxide, casein and peregal O into an aqueous solution;
s3, preparing the mechanical oil into emulsion;
s4, mixing organic nano-fibers with N, N-dimethyl-3-perfluorooctyl sulfamide propyl ammonium iodide for covalent bond modification, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the modified organic nano-fibers in water to obtain an organic nano-fiber suspension;
s5, adding the aqueous dispersion and the aqueous solution into concentrated natural latex, fully mixing, then adding the emulsion, fully mixing, then adding the organic nanofiber suspension, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a composition;
s6, processing the composition into a meteorological balloon.
The processing method of the invention is a conventional method for processing meteorological balloons in the field. For example: and (3) dipping the balloon model into a coagulant, dipping into the composition, dipping, extracting, dipping into hot water at 40-60 ℃ for 1-10 min, taking off the adhesive film from the model, fully washing, coating a release agent, inflating, shaping, deflating, finishing and vulcanizing to obtain the air-permeable rubber balloon.
The invention also protects the application of the flat floating meteorological balloon in high-altitude meteorological detection, and preferably in continuous meteorological detection in a stratosphere.
The flat floating meteorological balloon provided by the invention can be applied from the ground in practical application, and can also be carried to high altitude by a common balloon to be applied.
The common meteorological balloon is filled with hydrogen and rises upwards by the buoyancy of the hydrogen, and the buoyancy of the meteorological balloon in the air is rhoAir (a)gV, the density of the outside air is smaller and smaller as the height of the balloon is higher and higher, and the balloon is expanded continuously due to the difference of the internal pressure and the external pressure. The flat-floating meteorological balloon provided by the invention stops expanding after expanding to a certain volume, maintains the volume, and is balanced with a load finally to realize a high-altitude flat-floating state as the buoyancy borne by the flat-floating meteorological balloon is continuously reduced along with the reduction of the air density according to a buoyancy formula. The flatly-floating meteorological balloon provided by the invention is simple to apply, good in air tightness and high in flatly-floating height, and can float flatly for more than 3 hours at the height of 25 km.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The raw materials used in the following examples are commercially available; the organic nano-fibers are commercially available multi-walled carbon nanotubes (TNIM 4): 95%, 10-30 nm in diameter and 10-30 μm in length, and are purchased from Chengdu organic chemistry GmbH of Chinese academy of sciences.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a flat floating gas-phase balloon, which comprises the following raw materials: 100kg of concentrated natural latex, 0.15kg of potassium hydroxide, 0.15kg of casein, 0.1kg of peregal O, 1kg of sulfur, 1kg of anti-aging agent D, 1kg of anti-aging agent 4010NA, 1.5kg of accelerator PX, 0.5kg of zinc oxide, 5kg of machine oil and 3kg of organic nano-fiber.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the flat-floating gas-phase balloon, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing sulfur, an anti-aging agent D, an anti-aging agent 4010NA, a promoter PX and zinc oxide into a water dispersion;
s2, preparing potassium hydroxide, casein and peregal O into an aqueous solution;
s3, preparing the mechanical oil into emulsion;
s4, mixing organic nano-fibers with N, N-dimethyl-3-perfluorooctyl sulfamide propyl ammonium iodide for covalent bond modification, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the modified organic nano-fibers in water to obtain an organic nano-fiber suspension;
s5, adding the aqueous dispersion and the aqueous solution into concentrated natural latex, fully mixing, then adding the emulsion, fully mixing, then adding the organic nanofiber suspension, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a composition;
s6, dipping the balloon model into a coagulant, dipping the mixture into the composition for 5min, extracting, dipping the mixture into hot water at 50 ℃ for 3min, taking off the adhesive film from the model, fully washing, coating a release agent, inflating, shaping, deflating, finishing and vulcanizing to obtain the balloon Q1.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a flat floating gas-phase balloon, which comprises the following raw materials: 100kg of concentrated natural latex, 0.3kg of potassium hydroxide, 0.2kg of casein, 0.15kg of peregal O, 2kg of sulfur, 2kg of anti-aging agent D, 2kg of anti-aging agent 4010NA, 2kg of promoter PX, 3kg of zinc oxide, 5kg of machine oil and 3kg of organic nano-fiber.
The preparation method of the flat-floating gas-phase balloon is the same as that of the example 1, and the balloon Q2 is obtained.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a flat floating gas-phase balloon, which comprises the following raw materials: 100kg of concentrated natural latex, 0.1kg of potassium hydroxide, 0.1kg of casein, 0.05kg of peregal O, 1kg of sulfur, 1kg of anti-aging agent D, 1kg of anti-aging agent 4010NA, 1kg of promoter PX, 0.5kg of zinc oxide, 3kg of machine oil and 1kg of organic nano-fiber.
The preparation method of the flat-floating gas-phase balloon is the same as that of the example 1, and the balloon Q3 is obtained.
Comparative example
This comparative example provides a flat-floating gas-phase balloon, which differs from example 1 only in that: the balloon Q4 is obtained by not containing organic nano-fiber in the raw materials.
Examples of the experiments
The performance of the balloons provided in each of the examples and comparative examples was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1: balloon performance detection
| Sample source | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation at break/%) | 100% tensile strength at definite elongation/MPa | 200% elongation at break/MPa |
| Q1 | 35 | 500 | 6.2 | 15 |
| Q2 | 34 | 520 | 6.1 | 14 |
| Q3 | 33 | 510 | 5.8 | 14 |
| Q4 | 29 | 800 | 0.9 | 1.5 |
The flat-floating weather balloons provided in each example and comparative example were taken and inflated by the same method and then released directly from the ground. Wherein, the balloon provided by the example 1 can float horizontally for 3.5h at the height of 25km, the balloon provided by the example 2 can float horizontally for 3h at the height of 25km, the balloon provided by the example 3 can float horizontally for 3h at the height of 25km, and the balloon provided by the comparative example can not float horizontally. Therefore, the balloon containing the organic nano-fibers has strong stretching strength, and the expansion tendency of the balloon can be counteracted to a certain extent after stretching, so that the balloon keeps a certain volume, and the flat bleaching process is realized.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. The flat-drifting meteorological balloon is characterized in that raw materials for preparing the flat-drifting meteorological balloon contain concentrated natural latex and mechanical oil, and the flat-drifting meteorological balloon also contains multi-walled carbon nanotubes accounting for 0.5-3% of the total mass of the raw materials.
2. The balloon according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials for preparing the balloon further comprise a surfactant, an anti-aging agent, an accelerator, an inorganic base, sulfur, casein and zinc oxide.
3. The flat drifting meteorological balloon of claim 1, wherein the flat drifting meteorological balloon is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of concentrated natural latex, 0.1-0.3 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.1-0.2 part of casein, 0.05-0.15 part of peregal O, 1-2 parts of sulfur, 1-2 parts of an anti-aging agent D, 1-2 parts of an anti-aging agent 4010NA, 1-2 parts of a promoter PX, 0.5-3 parts of zinc oxide, 3-5 parts of machine oil and 1-3 parts of multi-walled carbon nano tubes.
4. The flat drifting meteorological balloon of claim 1, wherein the flat drifting meteorological balloon is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of concentrated natural latex, 0.1-0.2 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.1-0.2 part of casein, 0.05-0.15 part of peregal O, 0.8-1.2 parts of sulfur, 0.8-1.2 parts of anti-aging agent D, 0.8-1.2 parts of anti-aging agent 4010NA, 1-2 parts of accelerator PX, 0.3-0.7 part of zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of machine oil and 2-4 parts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
5. The method for preparing the flat drifting meteorological balloon according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: fully mixing raw materials including concentrated natural latex, adding mechanical oil, fully mixing, adding multi-wall carbon nano tubes, and fully mixing to obtain a composition; processing the composition into a gas phase balloon.
6. The method of claim 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing sulfur, an anti-aging agent D, an anti-aging agent 4010NA, a promoter PX and zinc oxide into a water dispersion;
s2, preparing potassium hydroxide, casein and peregal O into an aqueous solution;
s3, preparing the mechanical oil into emulsion;
s4, mixing the multiwalled carbon nanotube with N, N-dimethyl-3-perfluorooctyl sulfamide propyl ammonium iodide for covalent bond modification, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the modified multiwalled carbon nanotube in water to obtain a multiwalled carbon nanotube suspension;
s5, adding the aqueous dispersion and the aqueous solution into concentrated natural latex, fully mixing, then adding the emulsion, fully mixing, then adding the multi-walled carbon nanotube suspension, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a composition;
s6, processing the composition into a meteorological balloon.
7. Use of the balloon of any one of claims 1 to 4 in aerological sounding.
8. Use according to claim 7, in continuous meteorological sounding at the stratosphere.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the balloon is applied directly from the ground or carried to the air.
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| CN201810359868.9A CN108559143B (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Flat-floating weather balloon and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201810359868.9A CN108559143B (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Flat-floating weather balloon and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN108559143B true CN108559143B (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101526630A (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2009-09-09 | 中橡集团株洲橡胶塑料工业研究设计院 | Meteorologic balloon and production method thereof |
| CN101592742A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2009-12-02 | 中橡集团株洲橡胶塑料工业研究设计院 | A kind of meteorological balloon and production method thereof |
| CN102718994A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-10 | 杨昆 | Weather monitoring device and application thereof |
| CN103467792A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 中国化工橡胶株洲研究设计院 | Weather balloon as well as preparation method thereof and combined balloon containing weather balloon |
| CN103897229A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-02 | 中国化工橡胶株洲研究设计院 | Anti-sticking meteorological balloon and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-04-20 CN CN201810359868.9A patent/CN108559143B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101526630A (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2009-09-09 | 中橡集团株洲橡胶塑料工业研究设计院 | Meteorologic balloon and production method thereof |
| CN101592742A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2009-12-02 | 中橡集团株洲橡胶塑料工业研究设计院 | A kind of meteorological balloon and production method thereof |
| CN102718994A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-10 | 杨昆 | Weather monitoring device and application thereof |
| CN103467792A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 中国化工橡胶株洲研究设计院 | Weather balloon as well as preparation method thereof and combined balloon containing weather balloon |
| CN103897229A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-02 | 中国化工橡胶株洲研究设计院 | Anti-sticking meteorological balloon and preparation method thereof |
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