CN108556856B

CN108556856B - Bottom door opening and closing mechanism, car body and hopper car

Info

Publication number: CN108556856B
Application number: CN201810565256.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢志勇; 汤楚强; 闫瑞; 黄春雨
Original assignee: CRRC Yangtze Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Yangtze Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-06-04
Filing date: 2018-06-04
Publication date: 2024-04-16
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-04
Also published as: CN108556856A

Abstract

The invention relates to a bottom door opening and closing mechanism, a vehicle body and a hopper car, wherein the bottom door opening and closing mechanism comprises: the door lock comprises an opening and closing lever, a plurality of connecting pieces, two bottom door end plates, two hanging seats, two acting levers, two lever round pins, two locking plates, two locking plate round pins and two bottom door locking pins; the vehicle body includes: the two side wall assemblies, the two end wall assemblies, the top cover assembly and the bottom frame assembly, the two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body, and the bottom door opening and closing mechanisms can open or close the bottom door plate on the corresponding side of the bottom frame assembly. The bottom door opening and closing mechanism can realize independent opening and closing control of bottom door plates on the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, simplify the operation process and improve the unloading efficiency.

Description

Bottom door opening and closing mechanism, car body and hopper car

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway transportation, in particular to a bottom door opening and closing mechanism, a vehicle body and a hopper car.

Background

The hopper car is used as a common car type in railway transportation vehicles and is widely applied to the transportation of bulk cargoes such as minerals, grains, chemical raw materials and the like, and the hopper car mainly comprises a car body, a bottom door opening and closing mechanism, a top cover opening and closing mechanism, a braking device and a bogie. The automobile body generally comprises side wall constitution, end wall constitution, chassis constitution, top cap constitution and bottom door constitution, and wherein, the bottom door constitution includes well roof beam, crossbeam, end plate and bottom door plant, and the bottom door plant is accomplished through bottom door closing mechanism drive and is opened and close the action, wherein adopts lap joint seal between the bottom door plant of automobile body both sides, and there is the sequential requirement for bottom door plant opening and closing, and when the bottom door was opened the discharge, only left side bottom door plant was opened earlier, and right side bottom door plant just can be opened, and when closing the bottom door, only right side bottom door plant was closed earlier afterwards, left side bottom door plant just can be closed.

The bottom door opening and closing mechanism in the prior art needs sequential control when opening and closing the bottom door plate, so that the unloading efficiency is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a bottom door closing mechanism, automobile body and hopper car, solved or partly solved among the prior art bottom door closing mechanism and need sequential control when carrying out bottom door plant switching, reduced the technical problem of discharge efficiency.

The application provides a bottom door closing mechanism for open or close the bottom door board that the chassis of automobile body constitutes, bottom door closing mechanism includes: the door lock comprises an opening and closing lever, a plurality of connecting pieces, two bottom door end plates, two hanging seats, two acting levers, two lever round pins, two locking plates, two locking plate round pins and two bottom door locking pins, wherein:

the underframe comprises a plurality of funnel end plates and a plurality of bottom door plates;

the two hanging seats are respectively fixed on two funnel end plates positioned at the end part of the vehicle body in the funnel end plates;

the bottom door end plate is rotatably hung on the hanging seat through a pin shaft;

two of the connecting pieces are respectively fixed on the two bottom door end plates, and the rest connecting pieces are fixedly connected with the bottom door plates through fixing plates; each connecting piece is provided with a waist-round operation hole;

The opening and closing levers are arranged in the operation holes of the connecting pieces in a penetrating manner and can be lifted or fallen along the operation holes; the opening and closing lever is positioned on the outer side of the vehicle body;

the middle part of the acting lever is rotationally connected with the bottom door end plate through the lever round pin, and one end of the acting lever is hinged with the end part of the opening and closing lever;

the middle part of the lock plate is rotationally connected with the bottom door end plate through the lock plate round pin, one end of the lock plate is provided with a groove, the other end of the lock plate is provided with a lock hook part, and the other end of the action lever extends into the groove;

the bottom door lock pin is fixed on the funnel end plate, and the lock hook part is used for being hooked on the bottom door lock pin;

after the opening and closing lever is acted by external lifting force, the opening and closing lever is lifted and moves upwards along the operation hole, the acting lever rotates around the lever round pin to drive the lock plate to rotate around the lock plate round pin, so that the lock hook part is lifted and separated from the bottom door lock pin, and then the lock plate is unlocked.

Preferably, the door lock further comprises two stretching springs, wherein one ends of the stretching springs are fixed on the corresponding bottom door end plates, and the other ends of the stretching springs are fixedly connected with the corresponding groove ends of the locking plates; the pulling force of the extension spring presses the latch hook of the latch plate down on the bottom door lock pin.

Preferably, the method further comprises: pretension spring, pretension ejector pin and pretension spring holder, wherein:

the pre-tightening spring seat is fixedly connected with the funnel end plate;

one end of the pre-tightening spring is fixedly connected with the pre-tightening spring seat, and the other end of the pre-tightening spring is fixedly connected with one end of the pre-tightening ejector rod;

when the bottom door plate is closed, the other end of the pre-tightening ejector rod abuts against the bottom door end plate, and at the moment, the pre-tightening spring is in a compressed state.

Preferably, the method further comprises: indication lever, indication round pin and instruction board, wherein:

the indicating lever is rotationally connected with the funnel end plate through an indicating round pin;

the indicating lever comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the gravity moment of the first end is larger than that of the second end, the first end is pressed against the bottom door end plate under the action of the gravity moment, and in the opening process of the bottom door plate, the first end falls down along with the overturning of the bottom door end plate;

the indication board is provided with an opening mark and a closing mark, when the bottom door board is completely opened, the second end is lifted to a position corresponding to the opening mark, and when the bottom door board is closed, the second end falls to a position corresponding to the closing mark.

Preferably, the method further comprises: and the limit stop is fixed on the funnel end plate, and when the bottom door plate is completely opened, the bottom door end plate rotates to a position abutting against the limit stop.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a vehicle body including: the novel chassis comprises two side wall components, two end wall components, a top cover component and a chassis component, and is characterized by further comprising two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms, wherein the two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body, and the bottom door opening and closing mechanisms can open or close a bottom door plate on the corresponding side of the chassis component.

Preferably, the two side walls are arranged on two sides of the vehicle body; the side wall comprises: and the lower side beams are fixed on the floor consisting of the traction and pillows, and the lower side wallboards are fixed with the lower side beams.

Preferably, the chassis composition includes: a plurality of transverse ridges, a plurality of longitudinal ridges, a plurality of funnel end plates and a plurality of bottom door plates, wherein:

the transverse ridges are fixed between the lower side beams at two sides of the vehicle body at intervals in parallel; the transverse ridge is a folded plate structure with an upward vertex angle;

two of the funnel end plates are respectively fixed below the end wall components, and the rest funnel end plates are fixed below the folded plates of the transverse ridges;

The longitudinal ridges are respectively fixed between the adjacent funnel end plates; the longitudinal ridges are folded plate structures with upward vertex angles; the longitudinal ridges and the transverse ridges divide the bottom space of the vehicle body into a plurality of bottom door spaces which are arranged in a matrix;

the bottom door plate can be arranged at the bottom of the bottom door space in a turnover way through the bottom door opening and closing mechanism so as to open or close the bottom door space; the width of the bottom door plate is the same as the interval between the adjacent transverse ridges; when the bottom door plate is closed, the inner side top surface of the bottom door plate abuts against the bottom edges of the folded plates of the longitudinal ridges, and the outer side top surface of the bottom door plate abuts against the bottom edges of the lower side wall plates.

Preferably, the chassis composition further includes: and the funnel end plate reinforcing beam is fixed on the side surface of the funnel end plate and is positioned outside the bottom door space.

Preferably, the bottom door plate is an arc plate, a plurality of parallel bottom door plate reinforcing beams are arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom door plate, the bottom door plate reinforcing beams are of channel steel structures, and the bottom door plate reinforcing beams are reversely buckled and welded on the bottom door plate.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a hopper car, comprising: the traction and bolster assembly is fixed on the two bogies, and the traction and bolster assembly further comprises a vehicle body, wherein the vehicle body is fixed between the two traction and bolster assemblies.

One or more technical solutions provided in the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

because the bottom door opening and closing mechanisms are respectively arranged at the two sides of the vehicle body, the bottom door plates at the two sides of the vehicle body are respectively in lap joint with the bottom edges of the two folded plates of the longitudinal ridge, and the bottom door plates at the corresponding side in the underframe are opened or closed through the bottom door opening and closing mechanisms, so that the bottom door plates at the two sides can be opened or closed through independent overturning actions. The bottom door opening and closing mechanism includes: the door lock comprises an opening and closing lever, a plurality of connecting pieces, two bottom door end plates, two hanging seats, two acting levers, two lever round pins, two lock plates, two lock plate round pins and two bottom door lock pins, wherein after the opening and closing lever is acted by external lifting force, the opening and closing lever is lifted and moves upwards along an operation hole, the acting lever overturns to drive the lock plates to overturn, so that the lock hook part is lifted to be separated from the bottom door lock pins, the lock plates are unlocked, and the lifting force continuously acts to enable the opening and closing lever and the bottom door plates to overturn to open the bottom door plate. Therefore, the technical problem that in the prior art, when the bottom door opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door plate is used for opening and closing the bottom door plate, sequential control is needed, the unloading efficiency is reduced, independent opening and closing control of the bottom door plate on the left side and the right side of the vehicle body is realized, the operation process is simplified, and the technical effect of unloading efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a bulk cargo transportation hopper car according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a left side view of a bulk cargo transportation hopper car according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a front view of the chassis assembly and the traction pillow assembly provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a bottom view of the assembled chassis assembly and traction pillow assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transverse ridge formed by the underframe provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention after being assembled with a funnel end plate;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a transverse ridge formed by the underframe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal ridge formed by the underframe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the bottom door plate and the longitudinal ridge when the bottom door plate formed by the bottom frame provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention is in a closed state;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom door opening and closing mechanism and a bottom door panel according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a side view showing the structure of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism, the bottom door panel and the longitudinal ridge according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a front view of the side wall assembly and the traction and bolster assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a right side half-sectional view of the left side wall assembly and the traction pillow assembly provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the sidewall composition and the vehicle boundary provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a sidewall assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A0 of FIG. 14;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower wallboard composed of side walls according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the parts of the upper side wall panel, the upper side beam and the top fixing plate of the side wall assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a front view showing the structure of an end wall assembly according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a left side view of the end wall assembly according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a front view of a set of hopper car divider members provided in accordance with example 5 of the present invention mated with the transverse spine of example 1;

FIG. 21 is a left side view of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the relationship between the engagement of the barrier member and the cross ridge and the top plate of the hopper car according to example 5 of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic view showing a structure of a top cover opening/closing mechanism and a top cover according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of a top cover assembly according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

fig. 25 is a schematic structural view of a top cover opening/closing mechanism provided in embodiment 7 of the present invention;

Fig. 26 is a front view of the locking device in the roof opening and closing mechanism provided in embodiment 7 of the present invention;

fig. 27 is a top view of a locking device in a roof opening and closing mechanism provided in embodiment 7 of the present invention;

fig. 28 is a schematic structural view of a two-way operating valve for parking brake provided in embodiment 8 of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the two-position three-way valve of FIG. 28;

FIG. 30 is a schematic view of the construction of the action cone of FIG. 28;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of the mounting base of FIG. 28;

fig. 32 is a schematic structural view of the side plate in fig. 31.

(the components represented by the reference numerals in the figures are in turn: 1 side wall assembly, 11 upper side sill, 12 upper side wall panel, 13 upper wall panel reinforcement beam, 14 lower side sill, 15 lower side sill reinforcement beam, 16 lower wall panel reinforcement beam, 17 lower side wall panel, 18 vehicle boundary, 10 draft sill assembly, 2 end wall assembly, 21 end wall panel, 22 upper end sill, 23 support panel, 24 column, 25 beam, 26 diagonal brace, 27 guard rail, 3 chassis assembly, 31 cross rib, 32 cross rib partition, 33 cross rib reinforcement beam, 34 funnel end plate, 35 longitudinal rib, 36 longitudinal rib partition, 37 funnel end plate reinforcement beam, 38 bottom door panel, 39 bottom door panel reinforcement beam, 5 top cover assembly, 51 fixed roof, 52 fill port side sill, 53 top cover, 54 first support roller, 55 second support roller, 6 hopper car partition plate, 61 partition reinforcement beam, 62 partition, 63 weight reduction hole, 7 bottom door opening and closing mechanism, 701 opening and closing lever, 702 connector, 703 action lever, lever round pin 705 bottom door end plate, 706 lock plate, 707 lock plate round pin, 708 bottom door lock pin, 709 extension spring, 710 pretension spring, 711 pretension spring seat, 712 pretension ejector pin, 713 hanger bracket, 714 indication lever, 715 indication round pin, 716 indication plate, 717 limit stop, 8 top cover opening and closing mechanism, 801 rocker bracket, 802 rocker, 803 push cylinder bracket, 804 push cylinder, 805 second limit stop, 806 connection seat plate, 807 lock bracket, 808 lock body pin, 809 lock body, 810 lock plate, 811 front fork, 812 locking round pin, 813 torsion spring, 9 bi-directional operation valve, 91 first operation lever, 92 first support plate, 93 pin sleeve, 94 first connection lever, 95 two-position three-way valve, 96 mount bracket, 97 action cone, 98 limit lever, 99 limit hole, 910 second connection lever, 911 second operation lever, 912 second support plate, 951 valve body, 952 first valve port, 952 second connection lever, and power supply port, 953 second port, 954 third port, 955 ejector pin, 961 top plate, 962 side plate, 971 first cone, 972 connecting post, 973 second cone)

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the application provides a bottom door opening and closing mechanism, a vehicle body and a hopper car, which solve or partially solve the technical problems that in the prior art, when the bottom door opening and closing mechanism is used for opening and closing a bottom door plate, sequential control is needed, and unloading efficiency is reduced; the bottom door plates on the left side and the right side of the car body are independently controlled to be opened and closed, the operation process is simplified, and the unloading efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the present application provides a bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 for opening or closing a bottom door panel 38 of a chassis assembly 3 of a vehicle body, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 comprising: the opening and closing lever 701, the plurality of connectors 702, the two bottom door end plates 705, the two hanger brackets 713, the two action levers 703, the two lever round pins 704, the two lock plates 706, the two lock plate round pins 707, the two bottom door locking pins 708, and the two extension springs 709, wherein:

the chassis assembly 3 includes a plurality of funnel end plates 34 and a plurality of bottom door plates 38; the two hanging seats 713 are respectively fixed on two funnel end plates 34 positioned at the end positions of the vehicle body of the funnel end plates 34; the bottom door end plate 705 is hung on the hanging seat 713 through a pin shaft, and the bottom door end plate 705 can rotate around the pin shaft.

Two connecting pieces 702 in the plurality of connecting pieces 702 are respectively fixed on the two bottom door end plates 705, and the other connecting pieces 702 are fixedly connected with the corresponding bottom door plates 38 through fixing plates, so that the bottom door end plates 705 and all the bottom door plates 38 on the corresponding sides are ensured to synchronously rotate; the connecting piece 702 is provided with a waist-round operation hole; the opening and closing levers 701 are penetrated in the operation holes of all the connecting pieces 702, and the opening and closing levers 701 can be lifted up or dropped down along the operation holes; the opening and closing lever 701 is located on the outer side of the vehicle body, and is in a horizontal position, and the length of the waist-round operation hole ensures that the opening and closing lever 701 has enough displacement space, so that the lock plate 706 and the bottom door lock pin 708 can be separated to unlock.

The middle part of the acting lever 703 is rotationally connected with a bottom door end plate 705 through a lever round pin 704, and one end of the acting lever 703 is hinged with the end part of the opening and closing lever 701; the middle part of the lock plate 706 is rotationally connected with the bottom door end plate 705 through a lock plate round pin 707, one end of the lock plate 706 is provided with a groove, the other end of the lock plate 706 is provided with a lock hook part for hooking on the bottom door lock pin 708, the other end of the action lever 703 extends into the groove, the opening and closing lever 701 is lifted, namely, moves upwards in an operation hole of the connecting piece 702, drives the action lever 703 to rotate around the lever round pin 704, and then drives the lock plate 706 to rotate around the lock plate round pin 707, so that the lock hook part is separated from the bottom door lock pin 708 to be unlocked.

Bottom door latch 708 is secured to funnel end plate 34; one end of the extension spring 709 is fixed on the bottom door end plate 705, and the other end is fixedly connected with the groove end of the lock plate 706; the tension of the tension spring 709 will lift the recessed end of the latch plate 706, i.e., the latch hook of the latch plate 706 is pushed down onto the bottom door latch 708, so that after the bottom door panel 38 is closed, the latch plate 706 is turned over and reset under the tension moment of the tension spring 709, and is hooked again onto the bottom door latch 708.

After the opening and closing lever 701 receives the external lifting force, the opening and closing lever 701 is lifted up and moves up along the operation hole, the acting lever 703 turns over to drive the lock plate 706 to turn over against the tension moment of the tension spring 709, so that the lock hook part is lifted up and separated from the bottom door lock pin 708, and then the bottom door plate 38 is unlocked, and the lifting force continues to act to turn over the opening and closing lever 701 and the bottom door plate 38 to open the bottom door plate 38.

Further, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further includes: a pre-tightening spring 710, a pre-tightening push rod 712 and a pre-tightening spring seat 711, wherein: the pre-tightening spring seat 711 is fixedly connected with the funnel end plate 34; one end of the pre-tightening spring 710 is fixedly connected with the pre-tightening spring seat 711, and the other end is fixedly connected with one end of the pre-tightening ejector rod 712; when the bottom door plate 38 is closed, the other end of the pre-tightening ejector rod 712 abuts against the bottom door end plate 705, at this time, the pre-tightening spring is in a compressed state, and an elastic force is applied to the pre-tightening ejector rod 712, and the pre-tightening ejector rod 712 acts on the bottom door end plate 705, that is, the elastic force of the pre-tightening spring 710 forms a minimum door opening force capable of realizing unlocking, and the minimum door opening force capable of controlling the unlocking of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the elastic force of the pre-tightening spring 710, so that the unlocking phenomenon of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 caused by unexpected vibration is prevented.

Further, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further includes: an indication lever 714, an indication round pin 715 and an indication plate 716, wherein:

the indicating lever 714 is rotatably connected with the funnel end plate 34 through an indicating round pin 715; the indication lever 716 comprises a first end and a second end, the gravity moment of the first end is larger than that of the second end, the first end is pressed against the side edge of the bottom door end plate 705 under the action of the gravity moment, and the first end falls down along with the turnover of the bottom door end plate 705 when the bottom door plate 38 is opened; during closing of bottom door panel 38, the first end is raised following the flip of bottom door end panel 705; the indicator 716 is provided with an opening indicator and a closing indicator, and when the bottom door panel 38 is fully opened, the second end is raised to a position corresponding to the opening indicator, and when the bottom door panel 38 is closed, the second end is lowered to a position corresponding to the closing indicator. The indication lever 716 allows an operator to intuitively and quickly understand whether the bottom door panel 38 is in an open or closed state.

Further, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further includes: a limit stop 717 is secured to the funnel end panel 34 and when the bottom door panel 38 is fully open, the bottom door end panel 705 is rotated into position against the limit stop 717 to limit the continued tipping of the bottom door end panel 705.

The application also provides a vehicle body, comprising: the two side wall components 1, the two end wall components 2, the top cover component 5 and the underframe component 3, and also comprise two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms 7, wherein the two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms 7 are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body, and the bottom door opening and closing mechanisms 7 can open or close a bottom door plate 38 on the corresponding side of the underframe component 3.

Further, two side wall components 1 are arranged on two sides of the vehicle body; the side wall component 1 comprises: the lower side member 14 fixed to the floor of the traction and bolster assembly 10 and the plurality of lower side wall panels 17 fixed to the lower side member 14. The chassis assembly 3 includes: a plurality of transverse ridges 31, a plurality of longitudinal ridges 35, a plurality of funnel end plates 34, and a plurality of bottom door panels 38, wherein:

a plurality of transverse ridges 31 are fixed in parallel at intervals between the lower side beams 14 on both sides of the vehicle body; the transverse ridge 31 is a folded plate structure with an upward top angle; two of the plurality of funnel end plates 34 are respectively fixed below the end wall component 2, and the rest funnel end plates 34 are fixed below the folded plates of the transverse ridge 31; a plurality of longitudinal ridges 35 disposed along the central axis of the vehicle body and respectively secured between adjacent funnel end plates 34; the longitudinal ridge 35 is a folded plate structure with an upward apex angle; the longitudinal ridges 35 and the transverse ridges 31 divide the bottom space of the vehicle body into a plurality of bottom door spaces arranged in a matrix.

The bottom door plate 38 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom door space in a reversible manner by the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 to open or close the bottom door space; the width of the bottom door panel 38 is the same as the spacing between adjacent transverse ridges 31; when bottom door panel 38 is closed, the inside top surface of bottom door panel 38 abuts the bottom edge of the flap of longitudinal ridge 35 and the outside top surface of bottom door panel 38 abuts the bottom edge of lower side wall panel 17.

The chassis assembly 3 further includes: and a hopper end plate reinforcing beam 37 fixed to the side surface of the hopper end plate 34 and located outside the bottom door space. The bottom door plate 38 is an arc plate, a plurality of parallel bottom door plate reinforcing beams 39 are arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom door plate 38, the bottom door plate reinforcing beams 39 are of channel steel structures, and the bottom door plate reinforcing beams 39 are reversely buckled and welded on the bottom door plate 38.

The application also provides a hopper car, including: the two bogies, on which the traction and bolster assemblies 10 are fixed, also comprise the aforesaid body of the hopper car, which is fixed between the two traction and bolster assemblies 10.

The following describes in detail, through specific embodiments, a specific structure and connection relationship of each component mechanism of a bulk cargo transportation hopper car:

the bulk material transporting hopper car is structured as shown in fig. 1 and 2.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 3 to 8, the present embodiment provides a specific form of chassis assembly 3, including: a plurality of transverse ridges 31, a plurality of longitudinal ridges 35, a plurality of funnel end plates 34, and a plurality of bottom door panels 38, wherein:

Referring to fig. 4, a plurality of transverse ridges 31 are fixed in parallel and spaced relationship between the lower side members 14 on either side of the traction and bolster assembly 10; referring to fig. 5 and 6, the transverse ridge 31 is a folded plate structure with an upward apex angle; two of the plurality of funnel end plates 34 are respectively fixed below the end wall assembly 2 of the vehicle body, and the rest funnel end plates 34 are fixed at the bottom ends of the side edges of the transverse ridges 31; a plurality of longitudinal ridges 35 disposed along the central axis of the vehicle body and respectively secured between adjacent funnel end plates 34; referring to fig. 7, the longitudinal ridge 35 is a folded plate structure with an upward apex angle; the longitudinal ridges 35 and the transverse ridges 31 divide the bottom space of the vehicle body into a plurality of bottom door spaces arranged in a matrix.

The bottom door plate 38 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom door space in a reversible manner by the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 to open or close the bottom door space; the width of the bottom door panel 38 is the same as the spacing between adjacent transverse ridges 31; when bottom door panel 38 is closed, the inside top surface of bottom door panel 38 abuts against the side edges of longitudinal ridges 35, and the outside top surface of bottom door panel 38 abuts against the bottom edge of lower side wall panel 17, thus closing the bottom door space.

When the bottom door plate 38 is closed, the inner top surface of the bottom door plate 38 abuts against the side edge of the longitudinal ridge 35, the outer top surface of the bottom door plate 38 abuts against the bottom edge of the lower side wall plate 17, and the bottom door plate 38, the lower side wall plate 17, the longitudinal ridge 35 and the two funnel end plates 34 are used for sealing each bottom door space at the bottom of the vehicle body; the bottom door plates 38 on the two sides of the vehicle body are respectively in lap joint with the two side edges of the longitudinal ridge 35, and the bottom door plates 38 on the two sides can respectively perform independent overturning actions, so that the bottom door spaces on the left side and the right side of the vehicle body can be independently opened or closed. The underframe assembly 3 realizes independent opening and closing control of the bottom door plates 38 at the left side and the right side of the car body, simplifies the operation process and improves the unloading efficiency.

Further, the apex angle of the horizontal ridge 31 and the apex angle of the vertical ridge 35 are both set to be a repose angle which enables the particulate material to slide freely, and the repose angle is in the range of 50 to 60 °, preferably 50 °.

Further, the chassis assembly 3 further includes a longitudinal ridge spacer 36 secured between the two flaps of the longitudinal ridge 35. Further comprises: a transverse ridge partition plate 32 and a transverse ridge reinforcing beam 33, wherein the transverse ridge partition plate 32 is fixed between two folded plates of the transverse ridge 31 so as to strengthen the structural strength of the transverse ridge 31; the transverse ridge reinforcing beam 33 is fixed on the inner wall of the folded plate bottom of the transverse ridge 31 to strengthen the structural strength of the joint of the transverse ridge 31 and the funnel end plate 34. The transverse ridge partition plate 32 is welded and fixed with the transverse ridge 31; the transverse ridge reinforcement beam 33 is of a channel steel structure, and the transverse ridge reinforcement beam 33 is reversely buckled and welded on the transverse ridge 31. The chassis assembly 3 further includes a funnel end plate reinforcing beam 37 fixed to a side surface of the funnel end plate 34, outside the bottom door space, to enhance structural strength of the funnel end plate 34.

Further, the bottom door plate 38 is an arc plate, the height space required in the opening process of the bottom door plate 38 is small, and when the design is performed, the position of the bottom door plate 38 can be set at a height closer to the rail surface, so that the volume of the hopper car is increased, and the load of the car is improved. The bottom surface of bottom door plant 38 is provided with a plurality of parallel bottom door plant stiffening beam 39, and bottom door plant stiffening beam 39 is the channel-section steel structure, and bottom door plant stiffening beam 39 back-off welded fastening is on bottom door plant 38 to strengthen the structural strength of bottom door plant 38.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, this embodiment provides a specific form of bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7, two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms 7 of the vehicle body are respectively provided on both sides of the vehicle body, and one bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 is used to open or close a bottom door panel 38 on a corresponding side of the chassis assembly 3 provided in embodiment 1.

The bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 includes: the opening and closing lever 701, the plurality of connectors 702, the two bottom door end plates 705, the two hanger brackets 713, the two action levers 703, the two lever round pins 704, the two lock plates 706, the two lock plate round pins 707, the two bottom door locking pins 708, and the two extension springs 709, wherein:

Two connecting pieces 702 in the plurality of connecting pieces 702 are respectively fixed on the two bottom door end plates 705, and the other connecting pieces 702 are fixedly connected with the corresponding bottom door plates 38 through fixing plates, so that the bottom door end plates 705 and all the bottom door plates 38 on the corresponding sides are ensured to synchronously rotate; the connecting piece 702 is provided with a waist-round operation hole; the opening and closing levers 701 are penetrated in the operation holes of all the connecting pieces 702, and the opening and closing levers 701 can be lifted up or dropped down along the operation holes; the opening and closing lever 701 is positioned at the outer side of the vehicle body and is positioned at a horizontal position; the length of the oblong operating aperture ensures that the opening and closing lever 701 has sufficient displacement space to disengage the locking plate 706 from the bottom door lock pin 708 for unlocking.

The middle part of the acting lever 703 is rotationally connected with a bottom door end plate 705 through a lever round pin 704, and one end of the acting lever 703 is hinged with the end part of the opening and closing lever 701; the middle part of the lock plate 706 is rotationally connected with the bottom door end plate 705 through a lock plate round pin 707, one end of the lock plate 706 is provided with a groove, the other end of the lock plate 706 is provided with a lock hook part for hooking on the bottom door lock pin 708, the other end of the action lever 703 extends into the groove, the opening and closing lever 701 is lifted, namely, moves upwards in an operation hole of the connecting piece 702, drives the action lever 703 to rotate around the lever round pin 704, and then drives the lock plate 706 to rotate around the lock plate round pin 707, so that the lock hook part is separated from the bottom door lock pin 708 to unlock.

When a common hopper car arrives at a station for unloading, the lifting mechanism lifts the opening and closing lever 701, after the opening and closing lever 701 receives the action of external lifting force, the opening and closing lever 701 lifts and moves upwards along the operation hole, the action lever 703 turns over to drive the lock plate 706 to overcome the tension moment of the tension spring 709 to turn over, so that the lock hook part lifts and breaks away from the bottom door lock pin 708, and then the bottom door plate 38 is unlocked, and the lifting force continuously acts to turn over the opening and closing lever 701 and the bottom door plate 38 to open the bottom door plate 38.

Further, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 7 further includes: an indication lever 714, an indication round pin 715 and an indication plate 716, wherein: the indicating lever 714 is rotatably connected with the funnel end plate 34 through an indicating round pin 715; the indication lever 716 comprises a first end and a second end, the gravity moment of the first end is larger than that of the second end, the first end is pressed against the side edge of the bottom door end plate 705 under the action of the gravity moment, and the first end falls down along with the turnover of the bottom door end plate 705 when the bottom door plate 38 is opened; during closing of bottom door panel 38, the first end is raised following the flip of bottom door end panel 705; the indicator 716 is provided with an opening indicator and a closing indicator, and when the bottom door panel 38 is fully opened, the second end is raised to a position corresponding to the opening indicator, and when the bottom door panel 38 is closed, the second end is lowered to a position corresponding to the closing indicator. The indication lever 716 allows an operator to intuitively and quickly understand whether the bottom door panel 38 is in an open or closed state.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 11-17, the embodiment provides a concrete form of side wall assembly 1, referring to fig. 13, the side wall assemblies 1 are arranged on two sides of a vehicle body, and end wall assemblies 2 are arranged on two ends of the vehicle body; the end wall component 2 is fixed between the traction and bolster component 10 and the side wall component 1; the side wall component 1 comprises: upper side wall panel 12, lower side wall panel 17, upper side sill 11 and lower side sill 14, wherein:

referring to fig. 12, the end of the lower side member 14 is fixed to the floor of the traction and bolster assembly 10; referring to fig. 13 and 14, the end of the upper side member 11 is fixed to the end wall assembly 2; referring to fig. 17, the upper side member 11 is fixed to the top outer side of the upper side wall plate 12; referring to fig. 15, the bottom of the upper side wall panel 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower side wall panel 17, specifically, the bottom of the upper side wall panel 12 is lap-jointed and fixed to the inside of the top of the lower side wall panel 17, and the lower side sill 14 is fixed to the outside of the top of the lower side wall panel 17.

Wherein the upper side wall plate 12 is an arc-shaped cladding plate; referring to fig. 16, the lower side wall panel 17 is a folded plate; the shapes of the upper side wall plate 12, the lower side wall plate 17, the upper side beam 11 and the lower side beam 14 are matched with the shapes of the vehicle limit 18, so that the side wall assembly 1 increases the volume of a vehicle body as much as possible on the basis of meeting the requirements of the railway transportation vehicle limit 18, and improves the carrying capacity of the hopper car.

Further, the side wall assembly 1 includes a plurality of lower side wall plates 17 arranged at intervals, the lower side wall plates 17 correspond to the number of bottom door plates 38 of the underframe assembly 3 of the vehicle body, the underframe assembly 3 of the hopper car symmetrically sets a plurality of bottom door spaces with respect to the vehicle body, and each lower side wall plate 17 forms a side plate corresponding to the bottom door space. The top surface of the upper side member 11 is shaped to match the shape of the fixed roof panel 51 of the roof panel assembly 5 of the vehicle, the fixed roof panel 51 being lap-fixed to the top surface of the upper side member 11, and as a specific example, the fixed roof panel 51 is an arc-shaped plate, the top surface of the upper side member 11 is also provided in an arc shape, and the fixed roof panel 51 is fixed to the top surface of the upper side member 11 by welding.

Further, the side wall assembly 1 further includes: upper wallboard reinforcement beam 13 and lower wallboard reinforcement beam 16, wherein: the upper wallboard reinforcing beam 13 is fixed on the upper wallboard 12 and is arranged close to the lower side beam 14, so that the strength of the upper wallboard 12 and the strength of the welding position of the upper wallboard 12 and the lower wallboard 17 can be enhanced; the lower wallboard reinforcing beam 16 is fixed at the bottom of the lower wallboard 17, so that the strength of the lower wallboard 17 can be enhanced; the upper panel reinforcement beam 13, the lower panel reinforcement beam 16, the upper side member 11, and the lower side member 14 are all arranged along the center line direction of the vehicle body. As a preferred example, the upper side beam 11, the lower side beam 14, the upper wall plate reinforcing beam 13 and the lower wall plate reinforcing beam 16 are all cold-formed channel steel structures, and are respectively welded and fixed on the upper wall plate 12 and the lower wall plate 17 in a back-fastening manner, and reinforcing ribs can be additionally arranged on the upper side beam 11, the lower side beam 14, the upper wall plate reinforcing beam 13 and the lower wall plate reinforcing beam 16 to strengthen the components.

Further, the side wall assembly 1 further includes: the lower side beam reinforcing beam 15 is of a folded plate steel structure, one side of the top of the lower side beam reinforcing beam 15 is welded and fixed at the bottom of the lower side beam 14, one side of the bottom of the lower side beam reinforcing beam 15 is welded and fixed on the lower side wallboard 17, and the lower side beam reinforcing beam 15 can strengthen the bearing capacity of the lower side beam 14, so that the overall strength and rigidity of the side wall assembly 1 are further enhanced.

Further, the lower side wall plate 17 comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, the upper plate forms 60-70 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the lower plate forms 75-85 degrees with the horizontal plane, so that the lower side wall plate 17 is ensured to be maximally close to the vehicle limit 18. As a particularly preferred example, the upper plate is 67 ° from horizontal and the lower plate is 80 ° from horizontal.

The side wall assembly 1 is composed of an upper side wall plate 12, a lower side wall plate 17, an upper side beam 11 and a lower side beam 14, wherein the upper side beam 11 enhances the integral strength and rigidity of the upper side wall plate 12, the lower side beam 14 enhances the integral strength and rigidity of the lower side wall plate 17, the upper side beam 11 is fixed at the top position of the upper side wall plate 12, the bearing capacity of the connecting position of a fixed top plate 51 and the upper side wall plate 12 in the top cover assembly 5 can be enhanced, the lower side beam 14 is fixed at the top position of the lower side wall plate 17, the bearing capacity of the connecting position of the upper side wall plate 12 and the lower side wall plate 17 can be enhanced, and then the bearing capacity of the whole side wall assembly 1 is improved. The upper side wall plate 12 is arranged as an arc-shaped cladding plate, the lower side wall plate 17 is arranged as a folded plate, the shapes of the upper side wall plate 12, the lower side wall plate 17, the upper side beam 11 and the lower side beam 14 are matched with the shapes of the vehicle limit 18, the shape of the side wall assembly 1 is ensured to be close to the vehicle limit 18 as much as possible, a vehicle body provided with the side wall assembly 1 can fully utilize the vehicle limit 18, the vehicle volume is increased, and the load of the vehicle is increased.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 18 and 19, this embodiment provides a concrete form of end wall assembly 2, which is disposed on the floor of the traction and bolster assembly 10 of the vehicle, and the vehicle body is provided with a top cover assembly 5 and two side wall assemblies 1 in embodiment 3; the headwall composition 2 includes: end wall plate 21, a plurality of crossbeams 25, a plurality of stand columns 24, an upper end beam 22, two support plates 23 and two diagonal bracing plates 26, wherein:

the end wall plate 21 is obliquely fixed on the top edge of the floor of the traction and bolster assembly 10; the side edge of the end wall plate 21 is fixedly connected with the upper side wall plate 12 of the side wall assembly 1, and the top edge of the end wall plate 21 is fixedly connected with the fixed top plate 51 of the top cover assembly 5; the cross beams 25 and the upright posts 24 are fixed on the end wall plate 21, the upright posts 24 are vertically connected with two adjacent cross beams 25, and the cross beams 25 and the upright posts 24 are fixed on the end wall plate 21 in a rectangular grid shape; the bottom end of the inclined support plate 26 is fixed on the floor, and one side end of the inclined support plate 26 is fixed on the end wall plate 21; the bottom end of the supporting plate 23 is fixed on the floor, one side end of the supporting plate 23 is fixedly connected with the other side end of the diagonal bracing plate 26, and the other side end of the supporting plate 23 is fixedly connected with the upper side wall plate 12; the upper end beam 22 is fixed on the top ends of the supporting plate 23 and the diagonal brace plate 26, and the upper end beam 22 is fixedly connected with the end wall plate 21.

Wherein, the strength and rigidity of the end wallboard 21 are enhanced by the cross beams 25 and the upright posts 24 which are arranged in a rectangular grid shape; the bearing capacity of the end wall plate 21 is further improved through the inclined supporting plate 26; the upper end beam 22 is supported by the supporting plate 23 and the diagonal bracing plate 26, the stress condition of the fixed top plate 51 and the opposite end wall plate 21 of the upper side wall plate 12 is improved by the upper end beam 22, the integral structural strength of the end wall assembly 2 is improved, the bearing capacity of the end wall assembly 2 is improved, and the safety and stability of the hopper car are ensured.

Further, the inclined support plate 26 is fixed with the end wall plate 21 by vertical welding, and the support plate 23 is fixed with the inclined support plate 26 by vertical welding, so that a triangular support structure is formed among the support plate 23, the inclined support plate 26 and the end wall plate 21, and the support plate 23 and the inclined support plate 26 are provided with lightening holes, so that manufacturing raw materials are saved, the dead weight of a vehicle body is lightened, and the carrying capacity is improved.

Further, the upper shape of the end of the upper end beam 22 is adapted to the shape of the fixed top plate 51, and the end of the upper end beam 22 is welded and fixed to the fixed top plate 51; the lower shape of the end of the upper end beam 22 is adapted to the shape of the upper side wall plate 12, and the end of the upper end beam 22 is welded and fixed to the upper side wall plate 12. The upper end beam 22 is horizontally arranged; the upper end beam 22 is of a channel steel structure, and the upper end beam 22 is reversely welded on the end wallboard 21. The upper end beam 22 is welded and fixed with a plurality of partition boards, the partition boards are arranged in parallel and at intervals, and the partition boards strengthen the strength of the upper end beam 22.

Further, the headwall assembly 2 further comprises a guard rail 27, wherein: the guard rail 27 comprises at least one U-shaped rod, and two ends of the U-shaped rod are detachably connected to the two support plates 23; the roof opening/closing mechanism 8 of the vehicle is provided between the end wall plate 21 and the guard rail 27, and the guard rail 27 can prevent a person from getting close to the rocker 802 of the roof opening/closing mechanism 8 and being injured.

Example 5

Referring to fig. 20-22, the vehicle body provided by the present application further includes a plurality of sets of hopper car divider members 6; each group of hopper car divider members 6 comprises two hopper car divider members 6 symmetrically arranged along the centre line of the car body; the hopper wagon partition plate member 6 is connected with the corresponding side wall component 1; the hopper car divider 6 is connected to the undercarriage assembly 3.

The present embodiment provides a concrete form of hopper car divider member 6 comprising: a partition plate 62 and a partition plate reinforcing beam 61, wherein: the first side of the partition plate 62 is provided in a circular arc shape, the second side opposite to the first side and the bottom side connecting the first side and the second side are provided in a straight line shape, and the top side opposite to the bottom side is provided in a circular arc shape; notches are arranged at the two ends of the top edge of the partition plate 62; the diaphragm reinforcement beam 61 is fixed to a second side of the diaphragm 62. The first side of the partition 62 is adapted to engage the arcuate surface of the upper side wall panel 12 and the arcuate top edge of the partition 62 is adapted to engage the arcuate surface of the fixed top panel 51.

Further, the diaphragm reinforcement beam 61 is made of square steel, welded and fixed to the diaphragm 62, and the diaphragm 62 is provided with a lightening hole 63, so that the dead weight of the hopper car is reduced and the carrying capacity is improved on the basis that the lightening hole 63 ensures the strength of the diaphragm 62. The diaphragm 62 and the diaphragm reinforcement beam 61 of the hopper car diaphragm member 6 can enhance the overall rigidity, load-bearing capacity and bending resistance of the car body.

Further, the side wall component 1 comprises an arc-shaped upper side wall plate 12; the circular arc shape of the first side edge of the partition plate 62 is adapted to the circular arc shape of the inner wall of the upper side wall plate 12, and the first side edge of the partition plate 62 is welded and fixed with the inner wall of the upper side wall plate 12. The top cover component 5 comprises two circular arc-shaped fixed top plates 51 which are symmetrically arranged, and the outer sides of the fixed top plates 51 are fixedly connected with the corresponding side wall components 1; the top arc shape of the partition plate 62 is matched with the inner arc shape of the fixed top plate 51; the top edge of the partition plate 62 is welded to the inner wall of the fixed top plate 51.

Further, the top cover assembly 5 further comprises two charging port side beams 52, and the end parts of the charging port side beams 52 are fixed on the end wall assembly 2; the inner side of the fixed top plate 51 is welded and fixed with the charging port side beam 52; the top of the bulkhead reinforcing beam 61 is welded to the bottom end of the charging port side beam 52.

Further, the number of the plurality of groups of hopper car divider members 6 is the same as the number of the transverse ridges 31 of the underframe assembly 3 in embodiment 1; the bottom edge of the partition plate 62 is welded and fixed to the top corner of the transverse ridge 31. The bottom end of the baffle reinforcement beam 61 extends out of the baffle 62, and the bottom end surface of the baffle reinforcement beam 61 is provided with an inclined surface which is matched with the inclined surface of the transverse ridge 31, so that the baffle reinforcement beam is convenient to weld and fix; the bottom end of the diaphragm reinforcement beam 61 is welded to the transverse ridge 31.

Example 6

Referring to fig. 23 and 24, this embodiment provides a particular form of cap assembly 5 comprising: two fixed roof plates 51, two charging port side beams 52 and a top cover 53, wherein: the two charging port side beams 52 are symmetrically arranged about the central line of the vehicle body, and the two ends of the charging port side beams 52 are respectively fixed at the upper parts of the two end wall components 2; the fixed top plate 51 is an arc plate, the end part of the fixed top plate 51 is fixedly connected with the end wall plate 21 of the end wall assembly 2, the inner side of the fixed top plate 51 is fixedly connected with the charging port side beam 52, and the outer side of the fixed top plate 51 is attached and fixed with the top surface of the upper side beam 11 of the side wall assembly 1; the top cover 53 closes to cover the charging port between the two charging port side members 52.

Further, the top cover assembly 5 further includes: the first supporting roller group and the second supporting roller group; the first supporting roller group comprises a plurality of first supporting rollers 54, and the first supporting rollers 54 are arranged at intervals on the top of the charging port side beam 52; when the top cover 53 is closed, one side end of the top cover 53 is pressed against the rolling surface of the first supporting roller 54; the second supporting roller group comprises a plurality of second supporting rollers 55, the second supporting rollers 55 are arranged at the bottom of the other side end of the top cover 53 at intervals, and the second supporting rollers 55 roll on the fixed top plate 51 in the opening process of the top cover 53. The first support roller 54 is fixed to the top of the charging port side member 52 by a first roller seat; the second supporting roller 55 is fixed at the bottom of the other side end of the top cover 53 through the second roller seat, and good support to the top cover 53 is achieved through the plurality of first supporting rollers 54 and the plurality of second supporting rollers 55, so that bending deformation of the top cover 53 caused by dead weight or external force impact is avoided, and safety and stability of the top cover composition 5 are improved.

Further, the top cover assembly 5 further includes: and a wear plate, which is tightly fixed to the fixed top plate 51, on which the second supporting roller 55 rolls. The top cover assembly 5 further comprises two longitudinal buffer stops which are respectively arranged between the corresponding top cover opening and closing mechanism 8 and the end wall assembly 2; the longitudinal buffer stop is fixed at the top of a rocker 802 of the top cover opening and closing mechanism 8, the rocker 802 turns over to drive the longitudinal buffer stop to slide on an end wall plate 21 of the end wall assembly 2, and the longitudinal buffer stop can limit the axial displacement or the movement of the top cover 53.

Example 7

Referring to fig. 25 to 27, the present embodiment provides a specific form of the roof opening and closing mechanism 8, including: rocker mount 801, rocker 802, push cylinder mount 803, push cylinder 804, and locking device, wherein:

the rocker seat 801 is fixed on the floor of the traction and bolster assembly 10 of the vehicle; the bottom end of the rocker 802 is hinged on the rocker seat 801, and the top end of the rocker 802 is fixedly connected with the top cover 53; the pushing cylinder seat 803 is fixed on the end wall component 2 of the vehicle body; the fixed end of the cylinder body of the pushing cylinder 804 is hinged to the pushing cylinder seat 803. As a preferred specific example, the pushing cylinder 804 is an air cylinder.

The locking device includes: the connecting seat plate 806, the lock seat 807, the lock body 809, the lock plate 810, the lock body pin 808, the torsion spring 813, the front fork 811 and the locking round pin 812, the connecting seat plate 806 is fixed at the output end of the cylinder body of the pushing cylinder 804, and the push rod of the pushing cylinder 804 extends out or retracts from the output end of the cylinder body; the lock seat 807 is fixed on the connection seat board 806, the lock body 809 is rotationally connected on the lock seat 807 through the lock body pin shaft 808, the front end bottom of the lock body 809, which is far away from the lock seat 807, is provided with a protruding part, the front part of the protruding part is provided with a transitional cambered surface, the rear part of the protruding part is provided with an inclined surface, the lock plate 810 is fixed at the side end of the lock body 809, the protruding part is positioned between the lock plate 810 and the lock seat 807, and the lock plate 810 is provided with a lock hook part matched with the locking round pin 812.

The torsion spring 813 is sleeved on the lock body pin shaft 808, the first torsion arm of the torsion spring 813 is fixedly connected with the lock seat 807, the second torsion arm of the torsion spring 813 is fixedly connected with the lock body 809, the front fork 811 is fixed at the end part of the push rod of the push cylinder 804, the front fork 811 is provided with a waist round hole, a boss corresponding to the protruding part of the lock body 809 is arranged on the front fork 811, the end part of the boss far away from the push rod is arranged to be an inclined surface matched with the inclined surface of the protruding part, the end part of the boss close to the push rod is arranged to be an arc surface, when the push rod is in an initial state, the boss is positioned at the rear end of the protruding part of the lock body 809, and along with the extension of the push rod, the front end inclined surface of the boss is attached to the protruding part of the lock body 809 and pushes the protruding part to lift. When the push rod is retracted from the extended state, the rear end of the cambered surface of the boss contacts with the transitional cambered surface of the boss, so that the boss can be smoothly lifted up gradually, and after the boss slides over the highest position of the boss, the boss starts to slide down along the inclined plane of the boss until the boss slides over the whole boss to retract to the initial position. The locking round pin 812 is arranged in the waist round hole in a penetrating way, the locking round pin 812 is fixedly connected with the rocker 802, the locking round pin 812 can slide in the waist round hole, and the locking plate 810 and the locking round pin 812 are prevented from interfering and cannot be unlocked in the lifting process of the lock body 809.

When the top cover 53 is closed, the latch hook portion of the latch plate 810 cooperates with the latch round pin 812 to limit the accidental turning of the rocker 802; when the top cover 53 is opened, the push rod of the push cylinder 804 extends, the front fork 811 moves forward, the locking round pin 812 moves in the waist-round hole of the front fork 811, and simultaneously, the boss of the front fork 811 pushes the protruding portion of the lock body 809 to enable the lock body 809 to drive the lock plate 810 to lift, and then the lock hook portion of the lock plate 810 bypasses the locking round pin 812 to unlock, the push rod of the push cylinder 804 continues to extend to drive the rocker 802 and the top cover 53 to turn over, namely, the top cover 53 is opened. The cover opening and closing mechanism 8 prevents the rocker 802 and the cover 53 from pulling the push rod of the push cylinder 804 open under the action of gravity through the locking device, thereby avoiding the potential safety hazard of accidental opening of the cover 53. When the top cover 53 is closed, the push rod of the push cylinder 804 is retracted, the boss of the front fork 811 can jack up the protruding portion of the lock body 809, in the jack-up process, the lock plate 810 and the locking round pin 812 cannot interfere, after the lock body 809 is jacked up, the torsion spring 813 generates torsion deformation, after that, the front fork 811 continues to retract, after the boss of the front fork 811 is retracted to the rear position of the protruding portion of the lock body 809, the torsion spring 813 presses down the end portion of the lock body 809, and then the lock hook portion of the lock plate 810 is hooked on the locking round pin 812 again to realize locking.

Further, the top cover opening and closing mechanism 8 further comprises a first limit stop and a second limit stop 805, and the first limit stop and the second limit stop 805 are both fixed on the end wall component 2 of the vehicle body; after the top cover 53 is turned to a closed state, one side of the rocker 802 abuts against the first limit stop; after the top cover 53 is turned to an open state, the other side of the rocker 802 abuts against the second limit stop 805; both the first stop 805 and the second stop 805 are provided with cushioning pads that can contact the rocker 802.

Example 8

Referring to fig. 28, the bulk cargo transportation hopper car provided by the present application further includes a two-way operating valve 9 for parking braking; the present embodiment provides a specific form of the two-way operating valve 9, including: two-position three-way valve 95, action cone 97, first action lever 91 and second action lever 911, wherein:

referring to fig. 29, the two-position three-way valve 95 includes a valve body 951 and a push rod 955 slidably connected to the valve body 951, the valve body 951 is provided with a first valve port 952, a second valve port 953 and a third valve port 954, the first valve port 952 is connected with a brake cylinder of a railway vehicle, and the railway vehicle can be a bulk cargo transportation hopper car, in particular a sugar transportation hopper car; the second valve port 953 is connected with an air inlet high-pressure pipe, and the third valve port 954 is communicated with the atmosphere; when the ejector rod 955 slides to a first station relative to the valve body 951, the first valve port 952 is communicated with the second valve port 953, and high-pressure gas in the air inlet high-pressure pipe is filled into the brake cylinder, so that the brake cylinder is charged to realize release; when the ram 955 slides relative to the valve body 951 to the second position, the first valve port 952 communicates with the third valve port 954, and high pressure gas is exhausted from the brake cylinder to the atmosphere, thereby exhausting the brake cylinder to effect braking.

Referring to fig. 30, the acting cone 97 includes a first cone 971, a second cone 973 symmetrically arranged with the first cone 971, and a connecting column, wherein the small end of the first cone 971 is fixedly connected with the small end of the second cone 973 through the connecting column 972, and the first cone 971, the second cone 973 and the connecting column 972 are coaxial; the bottom of the push rod 955 is pressed on the acting cone 97, when the push rod 955 is positioned on the connecting column 972, the push rod is positioned at a first station, and when the push rod 955 is positioned at the top of the first cone 971 or the second cone 973, the push rod 955 is positioned at a second station; the first lever 91 is disposed at an axial position of the large end of the first cone 971, and the second lever 911 is disposed at an axial position of the large end of the second cone 973.

Wherein, the first operating rod 91 pushes the acting cone 97 to slide rightwards, the ejector rod 955 slides upwards along the conical surface of the first cone 971 under the action of the pushing force until the ejector rod 955 slides to the top of the first cone 971, and the ejector rod 955 is at the second station; or, the second operating lever 911 pushes the acting cone 97 to slide leftwards, the ejector rod 955 slides upwards along the conical surface of the second cone 973 under the action of the pushing force until the ejector rod 955 slides to the top of the second cone 973, at this time, the ejector rod 955 is in the second station, the first valve port 952 is communicated with the third valve port 954, and high-pressure gas is discharged from the brake cylinder to the atmosphere, so that the brake cylinder is exhausted to realize braking; then, the action cone 97 is pulled by the first operation lever 91 to slide leftwards, the ejector rod 955 slides downwards along the conical surface of the first cone 971 under the action of self weight until sliding on the connecting column 972, or the second operation lever 911 pulls the action cone 97 to slide rightwards, the ejector rod 955 slides downwards along the conical surface of the second cone 973 under the action of self weight until sliding on the connecting column 972, at this time, the ejector rod 955 is positioned at the first station, and the first valve port 952 is communicated with the second valve port 953, so that the brake cylinder is charged with air. Thus, the two-way operating valve 9 can be operated on both sides of the railway vehicle to perform parking braking, improving convenience in parking braking operation of the vehicle.

Further, handles are provided at the ends of the first and second levers 91 and 911. The bi-directional control valve 9 further comprises a first connecting rod 94 and a second connecting rod 910, wherein the first operating rod 91 is fixed at the axis position of the large end of the first cone 971 of the acting cone 97 through the first connecting rod 94, and the first operating rod 91 and the first connecting rod 94 are positioned on the axis of the acting cone 97; the second operating lever 911 is fixed to the second cone 972 of the action cone 97 by a second connecting rod 910, and the second operating lever 911 and the second connecting rod 910 are located on the axis of the action cone 97. The first operating lever 91 and the first connecting lever 94 are fixed by a pin sleeve 93; the second operating lever 911 is fixed to the second connecting lever 910 by a pin bush.

The two-way operation valve 9 further comprises a first support plate 92 and a second support plate 912, wherein the first support plate 92 and the second support plate 912 are fixed on the floor of the traction and bolster assembly 10 of the hopper car; the first operating rod 91 is arranged on the first supporting plate 92 in a penetrating way through the shaft sleeve, and the first operating rod 91 can rotate and slide relative to the first supporting plate 92; the second operating lever 911 is installed on the second support plate 912 through a shaft sleeve, and the second operating lever 911 can rotate and slide with respect to the second support plate 912.

Referring to fig. 31 and 32, the two-way operating valve 9 further includes a mount 96, the mount 96 including: a top plate 961 and two side plates 962, the top plate 961 being vertically fixed to the top of the two side plates 962, the side plates 962 being fixed to the floor of the traction and bolster assembly 10 of the railway vehicle; the valve body 951 is fixed on the top plate 961; the top plate 961 is provided with a through hole through which the ejector pin 955 passes. The first connecting rod 94 is arranged in one of the side plates 962 in a penetrating way, and the first connecting rod 94 can rotate and slide relative to the side plate 962; the second connecting rod 910 is inserted into the other side plate 962, and the second connecting rod 910 can rotate and slide relative to the side plate 962.

Further, the side plate 962 is provided with a limit hole 99; two ends of the action cone 97 are respectively connected with a limiting rod 98; when the action cone 97 is rotated to the set position, the limit rod 98 can move left or right to pass through the limit hole 99 following the action cone 97. The limiting rod 98 is an L-shaped rod, and the limiting hole 99 is a strip-shaped through hole which is matched with the shape of the limiting rod 98.

While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further details of the invention may be had by the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the present invention and that no limitations are intended to the scope of the invention, except insofar as modifications, equivalents, improvements or modifications are within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. A bottom door opening and closing mechanism for opening or closing a bottom door panel composed of a chassis of a vehicle body, characterized by comprising: the door lock comprises an opening and closing lever, a plurality of connecting pieces, two bottom door end plates, two hanging seats, two acting levers, two lever round pins, two locking plates, two locking plate round pins and two bottom door locking pins, wherein:

After the opening and closing lever is acted by external lifting force, the opening and closing lever is lifted and moves upwards along the operation hole, the acting lever rotates around the lever round pin to drive the lock plate to rotate around the lock plate round pin, so that the lock hook part is lifted and separated from the bottom door lock pin, and the lock plate is unlocked;

the two stretching springs are arranged on the bottom door end plate, and one ends of the two stretching springs are fixed on the corresponding bottom door end plate, and the other ends of the two stretching springs are fixedly connected with the groove ends of the corresponding locking plates; the pulling force of the extension spring presses the latch hook of the latch plate downwards on the bottom door lock pin;

further comprises: pretension spring, pretension ejector pin and pretension spring holder, wherein:

the pre-tightening spring seat is fixedly connected with the funnel end plate;

2. The bottom door opening and closing mechanism as recited in claim 1, further comprising: indication lever, indication round pin and instruction board, wherein:

3. The bottom door opening and closing mechanism as recited in claim 1, further comprising: and the limit stop is fixed on the funnel end plate, and when the bottom door plate is completely opened, the bottom door end plate rotates to a position abutting against the limit stop.

4. A vehicle body, comprising: the novel chassis is characterized by further comprising two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the two bottom door opening and closing mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body, and the bottom door opening and closing mechanisms can open or close a bottom door plate on the corresponding side of the chassis.

5. The vehicle body of claim 4, wherein two of said sidewall assemblies are disposed on either side of said vehicle body; the side wall comprises: and the lower side beams are fixed on the floor consisting of the traction and pillows, and the lower side wallboards are fixed with the lower side beams.

6. The vehicle body of claim 5, wherein,

the chassis composition includes: a plurality of transverse ridges, a plurality of longitudinal ridges, a plurality of funnel end plates and a plurality of bottom door plates, wherein:

7. The vehicle body of claim 6, wherein the chassis assembly further comprises: and the funnel end plate reinforcing beam is fixed on the side surface of the funnel end plate and is positioned outside the bottom door space.

8. The vehicle body of claim 4, wherein the bottom door panel is an arcuate panel, the bottom surface of the bottom door panel is provided with a plurality of parallel bottom door panel stiffening beams, the bottom door panel stiffening beams are of channel steel structure, and the bottom door panel stiffening beams are reversely fastened and welded on the bottom door panel.

9. A hopper car, comprising: two bogies, on which traction pillow components are fixed, characterized in that it also comprises the vehicle body according to any one of claims 4-8, said vehicle body being fixed between two said traction pillow components.