CN108544082A - Electromagnetism assists the equipment and method of agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy - Google Patents
Electromagnetism assists the equipment and method of agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108544082A CN108544082A CN201810544099.XA CN201810544099A CN108544082A CN 108544082 A CN108544082 A CN 108544082A CN 201810544099 A CN201810544099 A CN 201810544099A CN 108544082 A CN108544082 A CN 108544082A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The present invention relates to equipments and method that a kind of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welds high-melting-point alloy, belong to high-end intelligent manufacturing equipment field.Equipment includes current load unit, magnetic field loading unit and agitating friction welding unit, it can be achieved that in the welding process to welding region local loading Pulse Electric Current with High Density and high-intensity magnetic field.Agitating friction welding unit can realize agitating friction welding processing, in process, current load unit and magnetic field loading unit follow stirring-head synchronizing moving, apply Pulse Electric Current with High Density and high-intensity magnetic field respectively in test specimen welding region, to realize the electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding to high-melting-point alloy.Advantage is：Welding load can be reduced, process window is widened, improves welding efficiency, extends stirring-head service life；The microcosmic texture of weld seam can be improved, improve connector comprehensive mechanical property；Electric current and magnetic field load are not restricted by workpiece size, are suitable for the processing of large-size workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-end intelligent manufacturing equipment field, more particularly to a kind of friction stir welding method and equipment, especially
Refer to a kind of equipment and method for electric current and the electromagnetism of magnetic coupling auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy.
Background technology
As a kind of advanced Solid-phase welding technology, agitating friction weldering is since 1991 by Britain's institute of welding（The
Welding Institute-TWI）Since invention, since it is consumed with no wlding, postwelding workpiece residual stress is small, is eradicated
Melt and welds intrinsic defect（Stomata, solidification cracking etc.）, have joint mechanical property it is good, convenient for automatic welding, welding efficiency
It is high, environmental-friendly（Without arc light, flue dust etc.）The advantages that, agitating friction welds in aerospace, shipbuilding, automobile, train etc.
Industrial circle is widely applied.But its application range focuses primarily upon the welding of the light-alloys such as aluminium, magnesium, for steel, titanium
The welding of the high-melting-point alloys such as alloy is also seldom applied.
Since the friction that agitating friction welding relies primarily on stirring-head and workpiece is welded with squeezing action, for
The welding of high-melting-point alloy, there are heat input deficiency, welding load is excessive, clamping requirement is high, speed of welding is low, stirring-head mill
The problems such as damage is serious, mixing needle frangibility, seriously constrains its application in the welding of high-melting-point alloy material.Physical field conduct
A kind of economic, environmentally friendly, efficient secondary process means, it can improve synthesis and the processing conditions of material, the group of controlled material
It knits and performance, has been obtained for widely answering in the manufacturing process such as composite material preparation, metal smelt, plastic processing
With.Such as the processing technologys such as the rolling of electric current auxiliary, magnetic field auxiliary heat treatment all have been obtained for prodigious development.In agitating friction
It is passed through high-density current during weldering（≥10A/mm2）, apparent joule heating effect is not only had, heat input, plasticizing are increased
Metal, and high-density current has pure electro plastic effect, can effectively reduce material flowing deformation stress, promotes material in welding process
The Plastic Flow of material.Apply high-intensity magnetic field in process（≥1T）Also mangneto plastic effect is had, by promoting material internal position
Wrong movement and proliferation, to improve workpiece plasticity.In addition, magnetic field auxiliary heat treatment can be by influencing dislocation and crystal boundary come shadow
It rings phase transformation, increase nucleation rate, promote structure refinement, improve weldquality.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide equipment and method that a kind of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welds high-melting-point alloy, solutions
Stirring-head serious wear during certainly existing agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy, mixing needle frangibility, welding load is big, welding
The problems such as property is poor, connector mesoporous hole defect.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Electromagnetism assists the equipment of agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy, including magnetic field loading unit, current load unit and stirring
Friction welding unit, agitating friction welding unit can realize agitating friction welding processing, in process, current load unit
Stirring-head synchronizing moving is followed with magnetic field loading unit, applies Pulse Electric Current with High Density and strong magnetic respectively in test specimen welding region
, to realize the electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding to high-melting-point alloy.
The magnetic field loading unit includes upper magnetic field load-on module and lower magnetic field load-on module, wherein upper magnetic field loads mould
Block is made of water cooling box 16, upper magnetic patch connector sleeve 3, upper magnetic patch 5, and the upper magnetic patch 5 is an electromagnet, and water cooling box 16 is nested and solid
Due in upper magnetic patch 5, upper magnetic patch 5 is connected to by upper magnetic patch connector sleeve 3 in main shaft shell 18, and upper magnetic field load-on module is integrally solid
Due in main shaft shell 18；The iron core 5-1 and the outer wall of water cooling box 16 of upper magnetic patch 5 are welded and fixed, 16 inner wall of the water cooling box and
Gap between stirring-head 8 and main shaft knife handle 4 is more than 1mm, not with lathe main axis, by adjusting the mating of upper and lower magnetic patch
The output current intensity of power supply regulates and controls magnetic field rate of loading.
The lower magnetic field load-on module includes lower magnetic patch 11, lower magnetic patch link block 9 and compliant platform 10, the lower magnetic patch
11 be electromagnet, is fixed on compliant platform 10 by trip bolt by four lower magnetic patch link blocks 9, compliant platform 10 is fixed
In in support platform 12, screw pair is driven along the movement of bead direction by servo motor, makes its holding and welding region
Relative position it is constant.
The current load unit includes insulated connecting rod 2, spring 6, conduction brush 7 and power supply 17, the insulation connection
Bar 2 is secured by bolts in main shaft box enclosure 1, and 2 lower section of insulated connecting rod has square hole, conduction brush 7 to be connect with insulated connecting rod 2
Contact portion point is also rectangular, and the two constitutes clearance fit, and conduction brush 7 can be moved up and down, cannot be rotated；Spring 6 be sleeved on conduction brush 7 with
On the outside of 2 contact-segment of insulated connecting rod, conduction brush 7 is compressed, it is made to keep being in close contact with workpiece 15；The positive and negative anodes of power supply 17 are distinguished
Two conduction brush 7 are connected, are powered to welding region.
The agitating friction welding unit includes support platform 12, insulation board 13, compact heap 14, workpiece 15, stirring-head
8, the support platform 12 is fixed on platen, there is insulation board 13, compact heap 14 between workpiece 15 and support platform 12
Workpiece 15 is fixed in support platform 12, also is provided with insulation board 13 therebetween, magnetic dielectric is arranged in the bare terminal end of stirring-head 8,
It is clamped in again in main shaft knife handle 4.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the methods that a kind of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welds high-melting-point alloy, are stirring
It mixes in friction welding process, applies the high-intensity magnetic field of the ＞ 1T perpendicular to 15 direction of workpiece simultaneously in welding region and perpendicular to weld seam
The Pulse Electric Current with High Density in direction, average root-mean-square electric current ＞ 10A/mm2, utilize electro plastic effect, resistance fuel factor and magnetic
The dislocation motion of plastic effect joint effect welding region plastic deforming metal is caused, dislocation multiplication and sliding are promoted, reduces welding
Load, and welding region material phase transformation and recrystallization process are influenced, to thinning microstructure, improve distribution and the ratio of product phase,
Weldquality is improved, realizes the electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding to high-melting-point alloy.
The method of the electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy, includes the following steps：
Step 1: installation workpiece, workpiece 15 is positioned on insulation board 13, is consolidated two pieces of workpiece 15 by the compact heap 14 on both sides
Due in support platform 12, while ensureing to compress between two pieces of workpiece 15, starts lathe and stirring-head 8 is moved to welding starting point
Position ensures that conduction brush 7 is pressed on workpiece 15；
Step 2: applying high-intensity magnetic field, magnetic field is stationary magnetic field, the mating power supply of magnetic patch 5 and lower magnetic patch 11 in opening, by adjusting
The intensity of mating electric power outputting current regulates and controls magnetic field intensity, and welding region magnetic field intensity should be greater than 1T；Start water cooling box simultaneously
16 mating water-cooling system carries out Forced water cooling to stirring-head 8 and upper magnetic patch 5；
Step 3: applying high-density current, opens power supply 17 and switch, apply electric current, impressed current is pulse current so that welding
Region average root-mean-square electric current is more than electro plastic effect threshold value, i.e. ＞ 10A/mm2, power frequency 10-600HZ；
Step 4: being welded, adjustment stirring-head rotating speed, speed of welding, shaft shoulder volume under pressure technological parameter are welded；Stirring-head
8 rotating speeds be 400r/min ~ 1400r/min, speed of welding be 30mm/min ~ 200mm/min, shaft shoulder volume under pressure be 0.1mm ~
0.5mm, main shaft angle are 1 ° ~ 3 °, and impressed current and magnetic field are bigger, and welding region material plasticizing effect is more apparent, welding process
In, conduction brush 7, upper magnetic patch 5 all follow stirring-head 8 to synchronize and move forward, and by Serve Motor Control compliant platform 10, make lower magnetic
Block 11 is synchronous with stirring-head 8 to be moved forward；
Step 5: welding terminates, power supply 17 is closed successively, is stopped magnetic field load, water-cooling system and mobile machine tool workbench and is extremely risen
Point position, unloads workpiece 15.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, welding load can be greatly reduced, extend stirring-head service life：The introducing of welding process middle-high density electric current, can produce
Raw obvious resistance fuel factor, to improve welding region workpiece temperature；High-density current also will produce pure Electroplastic effect
It answers, the reciprocation between electronics wind-force and metallic atom, dislocation can promote proliferation and the sliding of dislocation；Apply in welding process
High-intensity magnetic field has mangneto plastic effect, by promoting proliferation and the sliding of dislocation, promotes material plasticity, promotes welding region material
Stream is dynamic.
2, weldquality can effectively be promoted：The promotion of welding region material plasticity can promote welding region material to mould
Property flowing, the defects of avoiding cavity；Apply high-density current, the Recovery and recrystallization rate of metal and compound can be improved,
Recrystallization temperature is effectively reduced, recrystallized structure is made to be refined；Phase transition temperature can be changed in high-intensity magnetic field, increases nucleation rate, promotes
Structure refinement improves distribution and the ratio of product phase；Under Pulse Electric Current with High Density and the collective effect of high-intensity magnetic field, the reply of metal
It is influenced by pulse Lorentz force with recrystallization process, nucleation rate can be increased, avoid the appearance of coarse grains phenomenon.
3, electric current of the present invention and magnetic field load mode are the local loadings to workpiece welding region, therefore, electric current and
The load in magnetic field is not limited by workpiece size, and electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding can be carried out to large-size workpiece.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and is constituted part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative example and its explanation is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.
Fig. 1 is that the electromagnetism of the present invention assists agitating friction to weld high-melting-point alloy equipment overall structure schematic elevation view；
Fig. 2 is that the electromagnetism of the present invention assists agitating friction to weld high-melting-point alloy equipment overall structure stereoscopic schematic diagram；
The upper magnetic patch and the half-section diagram after water cooling box assembling that Fig. 3 is the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that the electromagnetism of the present invention assists agitating friction to weld high-melting-point alloy method operational flowchart.
In figure：1, main shaft box enclosure；2, insulated connecting rod；3, upper magnetic patch connector sleeve；4, main shaft knife handle；5, upper magnetic patch；5-
1, upper magnetic patch iron core；5-2, upper magnetic patch coil；6, spring；7, conduction brush；8, stirring-head；9, lower magnetic patch link block；10, it is servo-actuated flat
Platform；11, lower magnetic patch；12, support platform；13, insulation board；14, compact heap；15, workpiece；16, water cooling box；17, power supply；18, main
Shaft housing.
Specific implementation mode
The detailed content and its specific implementation mode further illustrated the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, electromagnetism of the invention assists the equipment and method of agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy,
Electromagnetism auxiliary friction stir welding method is applied simultaneously perpendicular to workpiece side in welding region in stir friction welding process
To high-intensity magnetic field（＞ 1T）With the Pulse Electric Current with High Density perpendicular to bead direction（Average root-mean-square electric current ＞ 10A/mm2）, profit
It is transported with the dislocation of electro plastic effect, resistance fuel factor and mangneto plastic effect joint effect welding region plastic deforming metal
It is dynamic, reduce welding load, and influence welding region material phase transformation and recrystallization process etc., to improve weldquality, realization pair
The electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding of high-melting-point alloy.Equipment includes current load unit, magnetic field loading unit and agitating friction
Welding unit is, it can be achieved that in the welding process to welding region local loading Pulse Electric Current with High Density and high-intensity magnetic field.It can reduce
Load is welded, process window is widened, improves welding efficiency, extends stirring-head service life；The microcosmic texture of weld seam can be improved, carried
High connector comprehensive mechanical property；Electric current and magnetic field load are not restricted by workpiece size, are suitable for the processing of large-size workpiece.
Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, electromagnetism of the invention assists the equipment of agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy, including magnetic
Field loading unit, current load unit and agitating friction welding unit.Agitating friction welding unit can realize that agitating friction welds
Processing, in process, current load unit and magnetic field loading unit follow stirring-head synchronizing moving, in test specimen welding region
Apply Pulse Electric Current with High Density and high-intensity magnetic field respectively, to realize the electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding to high-melting-point alloy.
The magnetic field loading unit includes upper magnetic field load-on module and lower magnetic field load-on module, wherein upper magnetic field load-on module
It is made of water cooling box 16, upper magnetic patch connector sleeve 3, upper magnetic patch 5, upper magnetic patch 5 is an electromagnet, by iron core 5-1 and embedded coil
5-2 is formed, and 16 outer wall of water cooling box is fixedly welded in the iron core 5-1 of magnetic patch 5, and upper magnetic patch 5 is connected to through upper magnetic patch connector sleeve 3
In main shaft shell 18, upper magnetic field load-on module is integrally fastened in main shaft shell 18, not with main axis.Lower magnetic field load-on module
Including lower magnetic patch 11, lower magnetic patch link block 9 and compliant platform 10, lower magnetic patch 9 is electromagnet, by 4 lower magnetic patch link blocks 9 according to
It is fixed on compliant platform 10 by trip bolt, compliant platform 10 is fixed in support platform 12, and silk is driven by servo motor
Movement of the thick stick pair of nut along bead direction.
There are four uniformly distributed threaded holes for upper 3 upper end of magnetic field connector sleeve, are fixed by screw and main shaft shell 18, lower end
Also there are four uniformly distributed threaded holes, are fixed by screw and upper magnetic patch 5, to which upper magnetic patch 5 to be fixed in main shaft shell 18.
Shown in Figure 3, the iron core 5-1 of the upper magnetic patch 5 and the outer wall of water cooling box 16 are welded and fixed, the water cooling box 16
Gap is more than 1mm between inner wall and stirring-head 8 and main shaft knife handle 4, not with main axis.The water cooling box 16 is even forced by outer
Water-cooling system cooling and stirring head and upper magnetic patch 5 prevent 5 temperature of magnetic patch excessively high.
Shown in referring to Figures 1 and 2, the mobile platform 10 is made of servo motor, screw pair, sliding rail etc., Gu
Loaded in support platform 12, lower magnetic patch 9 is fixedly installed on mobile platform 10 for Dingan County, can control lower magnetic patch 10 be same as above magnetic patch 5,
Stirring-head is along bead direction synchronizing moving.
The upper magnetic patch 5 and lower magnetic patch 11 are electromagnet, and the two gap is no more than 30mm, and lower magnetic patch 11 has magnetic core, empty
In gap magnetic field intensity should be greater than 1T, and magnetic field intensity can adjust magnetic field intensity by adjusting size of current.The magnetic field load
Unit can load high-intensity magnetic field in welding region perpendicular to workpiece direction, and can be by adjusting the output current of the mating power supply of magnet
Intensity regulates and controls load magnetic field intensity.
Shown in referring to Figures 1 and 2, the current load unit is by insulated connecting rod 2, spring 6, conduction brush 7 and power supply 17
Composition.Insulated connecting rod 2 is secured by bolts in main shaft box enclosure 1, and there is a square hole in the lower section of insulated connecting rod 2, and conduction brush 7
It is also rectangular with 2 contact portion of insulated connecting rod, the two constitutes clearance fit, and conduction brush 7 can be upper and lower relative to insulated connecting rod 2
It is mobile, it cannot rotate.Spring 6 is sleeved on conduction brush 7 on the outside of 2 contact-segment of insulated connecting rod, compresses conduction brush 7, makes 7 He of conduction brush
Workpiece 15 remains close contact in the welding process.Insulated connecting rod 2, spring 6 and conduction in the current load unit
Brush 7 is two pairs, is symmetrically distributed in weld seam and stirring-head both sides, and 17 positive and negative anodes of power supply connect two conduction brush 7 respectively, gives welding section
Domain is powered, and power supply 17, conduction brush 7 and workpiece 15 constitute galvanic circle.
The power supply 17 is the pulse power, and the output current of the power supply can ensure that welding region average root-mean-square electric current is close
Degree is in electro plastic effect threshold value（＞ 10A/mm2）More than, power frequency 10-600HZ.
The agitating friction welding unit is by support platform 12, insulation board 13, compact heap 14, workpiece 15,8 structure of stirring-head
At support platform 12 is fixed on platen, there is insulation board 13 between workpiece 15 and support platform 12, and compact heap 14 is by work
Part 15 is fixed in support platform 12, and laterally applies pressure in workpiece 15, compresses two workpiece 15 so that contact resistance therebetween
It reduces to the greatest extent.Insulation board 13 is also lined between compact heap 14 and workpiece 15,8 bare terminal end of stirring-head is lined with every magnetic dielectric, then
It is clamped in main shaft knife handle 4, prevents high-intensity magnetic field from influencing spindle operation, but also stirring-head and machine tool chief axis insulation.
It is shown in Figure 4, electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy method of the invention through the following steps that
It realizes：
Step 1: installation workpiece, workpiece 15 is positioned on insulation board 13, is consolidated two pieces of workpiece 15 by the compact heap 14 on both sides
Due in support platform 12, while ensureing to compress between two pieces of workpiece 15, then starts lathe and be moved to stirring-head 8 and weld
Initial point position ensures that conduction brush 7 is pressed on workpiece 15.
Step 2: applying high-intensity magnetic field, magnetic field is stationary magnetic field, and the mating power supply of magnetic patch 5 and lower magnetic patch 11 in openings adjusts
Mating source current output intensity makes welding region magnetic field intensity should be greater than 1T so as to adjust magnetic field rate of loading；It starts simultaneously
The mating water-cooling system of water cooling box 16 carries out Forced water cooling to stirring-head 8 and upper magnetic patch 5.Under strong magnetic field action, there is mangneto plasticity
Effect can promote proliferation and the sliding of dislocation, promote material plasticity, promote the flowing of welding region material.To reduce welding
Load widens welding condition, avoids hole defect.Phase transition temperature can be changed in high-intensity magnetic field, increases nucleation rate, promotes tissue thin
Change, improves distribution and the ratio of product phase；Phase transition temperature can be changed in high-intensity magnetic field, increases nucleation rate, promotes structure refinement, improves production
The distribution of object phase and ratio etc. can effectively promote welding quality.
Step 3: applying high-density current, opens power supply 17 and switchs, apply electric current, impressed current is pulse current so that
Welding region average root-mean-square electric current should be in electro plastic effect threshold value（＞ 10A/mm2）More than, power frequency 10-600HZ.
The introducing of welding process middle-high density electric current will produce obvious resistance fuel factor, to improve welding region workpiece temperature,
Lifting workpieces plasticity；High-density current also will produce pure electro plastic effect, the friendship between electronics wind-force and metallic atom, dislocation
Interaction can promote proliferation and the sliding of dislocation, to reduce welding load, drag wide technological parameter.High-density current can also carry
The Recovery and recrystallization rate of high metal and compound, effectively reduces recrystallization temperature, recrystallized structure is made to be refined；It is highly dense
It spends under the collective effect of pulse current and high-intensity magnetic field, the Recovery and recrystallization process of metal is influenced by pulse Lorentz force, meeting
Increase nucleation rate, the appearance of coarse grains phenomenon is avoided, to promote weldquality.
Step 4: welded, choose the technological parameters such as suitable stirring-head rotating speed, speed of welding, shaft shoulder volume under pressure into
Row welding.8 rotating speed of stirring-head is 200r/min ~ 1400r/min, and speed of welding is 30mm/min ~ 400mm/min, and the shaft shoulder pushes
Amount is 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm, and main shaft angle is 1 ° ~ 3 °, and impressed current and magnetic field are bigger, and welding region material plasticizing effect is brighter
Aobvious, the speed of mainshaft and speed of welding should take higher value.Turn in welding process, conduction brush 7, upper magnetic patch 5 due to be respectively fixedly connected in
In main shaft box enclosure 1 and main shaft shell 18, all follows stirring-head to synchronize and move forward, pass through Serve Motor Control compliant platform
10, so that lower magnetic patch 11 synchronous with stirring-head 8 can be also moved forward, it is synchronous with welding region to Forward to be formed in welding region
Dynamic high-density current and high-intensity magnetic field.
Step 5: welding terminates, power supply 17 is closed successively, stops magnetic field load, water-cooling system and mobile machine tool workbench
To start position, workpiece 15 is unloaded.
Embodiment 1：
The method according to the invention, using thick 2205 two phase stainless steels of this equipment welding 3mm, stirring-head ontology is tungsten-rhenium alloy,
The a diameter of 14mm of the shaft shoulder, mixing needle are frustum non-threaded configurations, root diameter (RD) 6mm, top diameter 3mm, long 2.8mm；Welder
Skill parameter is：Stirring-head rotating speed is 600r/min, and speed of welding 120mm/min, tilt angle is 2 °, stirring-head volume under pressure
For 0.2mm.Mixing needle is located at the center of docking plank, offset zero.Auxiliary rms current is 800A, and frequency is
The pulse current of 500HZ.Auxiliary magnetic field intensity be 1T stationary magnetic field, fusion length 200mm, appearance of weld is good, surface compared with
It is smooth, there is equidistant Arc stripe, connector dense non-porous hole does not occur defect.Martensitic phase and ferritic phase in weld seam
It is distributed disperse, uniformly, no aggregation becomes larger phenomenon.Achieve the weld seam of good mechanical performance.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for the technology of this field
For personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. made for the present invention,
It should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of equipment of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy, it is characterised in that：Including magnetic field loading unit, electricity
Loading unit and agitating friction welding unit are flowed, agitating friction welding unit realizes agitating friction welding processing, in process
In, current load unit and magnetic field loading unit follow stirring-head synchronizing moving, apply high density respectively in test specimen welding region
Pulse current and high-intensity magnetic field, to realize the electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding to high-melting-point alloy.
2. the equipment of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Magnetic field loading unit include upper magnetic field load-on module and lower magnetic field load-on module, wherein upper magnetic field load-on module is by water cooling box
（16）, upper magnetic patch connector sleeve（3）, upper magnetic patch（5）Composition, the upper magnetic patch（5）It is an electromagnet, water cooling box（16）It is nested and solid
Due to upper magnetic patch（5）In, upper magnetic patch（5）Pass through upper magnetic patch connector sleeve（3）It is connected to main shaft shell（18）On, upper magnetic field loads mould
Block is integrally fastened to main shaft shell（18）On；Upper magnetic patch（5）Iron core（5-1）With water cooling box（16）Outer wall be welded and fixed, institute
State water cooling box（16）Inner wall and stirring-head（8）And main shaft knife handle（4）Between gap be more than 1mm, not with lathe main axis, lead to
The output current intensity for the mating power supply for adjusting upper and lower magnetic patch is crossed to regulate and control magnetic field rate of loading.
3. the equipment of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Lower magnetic field load-on module include lower magnetic patch（11）, lower magnetic patch link block（9）And compliant platform（10）, the lower magnetic patch（11）For
Electromagnet passes through four lower magnetic patch link blocks（9）It is fixed on compliant platform by trip bolt（10）On, compliant platform（10）Gu
Due to support platform（12）On, screw pair is driven along the movement of bead direction by servo motor, it is made to keep and weld
The relative position in region is constant.
4. the equipment of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Current load unit include insulated connecting rod（2）, spring（6）, conduction brush（7）And power supply（17）, the insulated connecting rod（2）
It is secured by bolts in main shaft box enclosure（1）On, insulated connecting rod（2）There are square hole, conduction brush in lower section（7）With insulated connecting rod
（2）Contact portion is also rectangular, and the two constitutes clearance fit, conduction brush（7）It can move up and down, cannot rotate；Spring（6）It is sleeved on
Conduction brush（7）With insulated connecting rod（2）On the outside of contact-segment, conduction brush is compressed（7）, make itself and workpiece（15）It keeps being in close contact；
Power supply（17）Positive and negative anodes be separately connected two conduction brush（7）, it is powered to welding region.
5. the equipment of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Agitating friction welding unit include support platform（12）, insulation board（13）, compact heap（14）, workpiece（15）, stirring-head（8）,
The support platform（12）It is fixed on platen, workpiece（15）And support platform（12）Between have insulation board（13）, pressure
Tight block（14）By workpiece（15）It is fixed on support platform（12）On, it also is provided with insulation board therebetween（13）, stirring-head（8）Bare terminal end
Magnetic dielectric is set, then is clamped in main shaft knife handle（4）On.
6. a kind of method of electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy, it is characterised in that：In stir friction welding process
In, apply simultaneously perpendicular to workpiece in welding region（15）The high-intensity magnetic field of the ＞ 1T in direction and the high density perpendicular to bead direction
Pulse current, average root-mean-square electric current ＞ 10A/mm2, total using electro plastic effect, resistance fuel factor and mangneto plastic effect
With the dislocation motion for influencing welding region plastic deforming metal, promote dislocation multiplication and sliding, reduces welding load, and influence to weld
Region material phase transformation and recrystallization process are connect, to thinning microstructure, improves distribution and the ratio of product phase, improves weldquality,
Realize the electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding to high-melting-point alloy.
7. the method for electromagnetism auxiliary agitating friction welding high-melting-point alloy according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Including
Following steps：
Step 1: installation workpiece, by workpiece（15）It is positioned over insulation board（13）On, pass through the compact heap on both sides（14）By two pieces of works
Part（15）It is fixed on support platform（12）On, while ensureing two pieces of workpiece（15）Between compress, start lathe by stirring-head（8）It moves
It moves to welding initial point position, ensures conduction brush（7）It is pressed in workpiece（15）On；
Step 2: applying high-intensity magnetic field, magnetic field is stationary magnetic field, magnetic patch in opening（5）With lower magnetic patch（11）Mating power supply, pass through
The intensity of mating electric power outputting current is adjusted to regulate and control magnetic field intensity, welding region magnetic field intensity should be greater than 1T；Start water simultaneously
Ice chest（16）Mating water-cooling system, to stirring-head（8）With upper magnetic patch（5）Carry out Forced water cooling；
Step 3: applying high-density current, power supply is opened（17）Switch applies electric current, and impressed current is pulse current so that weldering
Region average root-mean-square electric current is connect more than electro plastic effect threshold value, i.e. ＞ 10A/mm2, power frequency 10-600HZ；
Step 4: being welded, adjustment stirring-head rotating speed, speed of welding, shaft shoulder volume under pressure technological parameter are welded；Stirring-head
（8）Rotating speed be 400r/min ~ 1400r/min, speed of welding be 30mm/min ~ 200mm/min, shaft shoulder volume under pressure be 0.1mm ~
0.5mm, main shaft angle are 1 ° ~ 3 °, and impressed current and magnetic field are bigger, and welding region material plasticizing effect is more apparent, welding process
In, conduction brush（7）, upper magnetic patch（5）All follow stirring-head（8）It is synchronous to move forward, pass through Serve Motor Control compliant platform
（10）, make lower magnetic patch（11）And stirring-head（8）It is synchronous to move forward；
Step 5: welding terminates, power supply is closed successively（17）, stop magnetic field load, water-cooling system and mobile machine tool workbench extremely
Start position unloads workpiece（15）.
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