CN108540589A - A kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems - Google Patents
A kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN108540589A CN108540589A CN201810243612.1A CN201810243612A CN108540589A CN 108540589 A CN108540589 A CN 108540589A CN 201810243612 A CN201810243612 A CN 201810243612A CN 108540589 A CN108540589 A CN 108540589A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
- H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
- H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
- H04L61/256—NAT traversal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/1066—Session management
- H04L65/1101—Session protocols
- H04L65/1104—Session initiation protocol [SIP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/14—Session management
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems, realizes that step is：(1) calls customer end and called party client end are initialized；(2) calls customer end initiates a session request to called party client end；(3) called party client end receives INVITE requests and response session；(4) called party client end obtains caller candidate communication address, and calls customer end, which obtains, is called candidate communication address；(5) calls customer end, which obtains, is called media flow transmission address, and called party client end obtains caller media flow transmission address；(6) calls customer end and called party client end carry out media flow transmission.The present invention has server load small, and communication delay and the low advantage of packet loss can be used for the point-to-point transmission of multi-medium data.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of network data transmission technology, are related to a kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems,
It can be used for the point-to-point transmission of multi-medium data.
Background technology
Session initiation protocol (SIP, Session Initiation Protocol) is the signaling control association of an application layer
View, for creating, changing, releasing session.Session Initiation Protocol has the advantages that flexible, open-ended, is widely used in voice, video etc.
Data service.
SIP communication systems include mainly client and server, and wherein client includes calls customer end and called party client
End.Each client includes session control module, multimedia process module and network traversal module.Wherein, session control module
The establishment and release to be conversated using Session Initiation Protocol；Multimedia process module carries out the acquisition of multi-medium data, and encoding and decoding are in
Now etc.；Network traversal module mainly completes network traversal.
SIP communication systems client often uses in a local network, and LAN passes through network address translation (NAT, Network
Address Translation) equipment connect with public network.The groundwork of NAT device be to the address information of TCP and UDP into
Internal address, is converted into public network address by row modification.NAT can be divided into two classes, and one kind is that have IP and the port of identical Intranet
Different sessions, be mapped to identical outer net IP and port, i.e. taper NAT；It is another kind of that there is identical Intranet IP and port
Different sessions are mapped to identical IP and different port, i.e. symmetric NAT.NAT device is handled below TCP/IP layer
, but Session Initiation Protocol is in application layer.The address information of Media Stream cannot be changed by NAT device in Session Initiation Protocol, therefore Session Initiation Protocol
Middle preservation be Correspondent Node private net address, be unable to normal communication using this address.
In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to carry out network traversal, common network traversal method has the UDP of NAT simple
Pass through (STUN, Simple Traversal of UDP through NAT) and by Relay modes passing through NAT (TURN,
Traversal Using Relay NAT) etc..In Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators, client inquires it by sending out message to STUN servers
Public network mapping address just has corresponding mapping item in this way on NAT device, can be carried out data transmission later.
In TURN agreements, client obtains the public network address on TURN servers by certain mechanism, communicates the message at both ends all later
It is transmitted to opposite end by TURN servers.
SIP communication systems common at present solve passing through for symmetric NAT using the mode that STUN and TURN are combined,
Such as Authorization Notice No. is 10245580 B of CN, the Chinese patent of entitled " NAT through method and system ", discloses one kind
The method and system of passing through NAT.Communication node is according to the mailing address and the first authentication information of the communications reception node of acquisition, hair
First unidirectional connectivity test of the self communication address to communications reception node is played, and according to the first unidirectional connectivity test knot
Fruit selects the mailing address pair that can be communicated.The invention is solved and can not be passed through present in traditional network traversing method
The problem of symmetric NAT.But when connectivity is tested, TURN agreements, communication both ends is used to need using server in
After carrying out data transmission, this can be such that server load increases, while the time delay of data transmission and packet loss also will increase.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, propose a kind of applied to SIP communication systems
Network traversal method, it is intended to reduce server load, and reduce communication delay and packet loss.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：
A kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems, the SIP communication systems include client and server,
Wherein, the client includes calls customer end and called party client end, and each client includes session control module, media handling
Module and network traversal module, traversing method include the following steps：
(1) calls customer end and called party client end are initialized；
(2) calls customer end initiates a session request to called party client end：
STUN detections are initiated in (2a) calls customer end to server, obtain caller candidate communication address；
Caller candidate communication address is added in SDP descriptions by (2b) calls customer end, and will lead to added with caller candidate
The SDP descriptions of letter address are added in the INVITE requests of Session Initiation Protocol, and INVITE requests are then sent to called party client end；
(3) called party client end receives INVITE requests and response session：
(3a) called party client end receives INVITE requests, and initiates STUN detections to server, obtains called candidate communication
Address；
Called candidate communication address is added in SDP descriptions by (3b) called party client end, and will be added with called candidate logical
The SDP descriptions of letter address are added in the 200OK responses of Session Initiation Protocol, and 200OK responses are then sent to calls customer end；
(4) called party client end obtains caller candidate communication address, and calls customer end, which obtains, is called candidate communication address：
(4a) called party client end parses INVITE requests：
SDP descriptions are isolated at called party client end from INVITE requests, and it is logical then to read out caller candidate from SDP descriptions
Believe address；
(4b) calls customer end parses 200OK responses：
SDP descriptions are isolated at calls customer end from 200OK responses, are then read out from SDP descriptions called candidate logical
Believe address；
(5) calls customer end, which obtains, is called media flow transmission address, and called party client end obtains caller media flow transmission address：
Address negotiation session is initiated to called party client end in (5a) calls customer end：
Calls customer end initiates to detect to called candidate communication address, and inquiry available communication address whether there is, if so,
Available communication address is classified, obtains optimal available communication address, and using optimal available communication address as called media
Otherwise steaming transfer address predicts called media flow transmission port, obtain called media flow transmission address；
Address negotiation session is initiated to calls customer end in (5b) called party client end：
Called party client end initiates to detect to caller candidate communication address, and inquiry available communication address whether there is, if so,
Available communication address is classified, obtains optimal available communication address, and using optimal available communication address as caller media
Otherwise caller media flow transmission port is predicted, caller media flow transmission address is obtained in steaming transfer address；
(6) calls customer end and called party client end carry out media flow transmission：
Calls customer end sends media stream data to called media flow transmission address, while called party client end is to caller media
Steaming transfer address sends media stream data.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that：
The present invention initiates address negotiation session and called party client end to calls customer at called party client end to calls customer end
When address negotiation session is initiated at end, passing through for symmetric NAT is completed by port prediction, after port prediction success, Media Stream
The shortcomings that existing communication system using TURN agreements needs to forward using Server Relay can be avoided with point-to-point transmission,
Reduce server load, and reduce communication time delay and packet loss it is low.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the implementation flow chart of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, invention is further described in detail：
With reference to figure 1, a kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems, the SIP communication systems include client and
Server, wherein the client includes calls customer end and called party client end, each client include session control module,
Medium process module and network traversal module, traversing method include the following steps：
Step 1, calls customer end and called party client end are initialized：
The initialization package is containing the initialization to session control module, medium process module and network traversal module, first
Apply for memory, creates corresponding data structure, and initial value is assigned to data structure.After the completion of initialization, can normal use these
Module.
Step 2, calls customer end initiates a session request to called party client end：
Step 2a, calls customer end initiate STUN detections to server, obtain caller candidate communication address；
The detection is initiated by calls customer end network traversal module, and detection follows Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators, realizes that step is：Client
It holds to server and sends Binding Request, server returns to Binding Success Response responses to client,
The response contains MAPPED-ADDRESS fields, and public network mapping address is included in this field.The number of detection according to
The mailing address number that client uses determines that there are two the mailing addresses then needed if it is video session, one is used for
Video, one is used for voice.The candidate communication address includes just client the machine address and public network mapping address.
Caller candidate communication address is added in SDP descriptions by step 2b, calls customer end, and it is candidate to be added with caller
The SDP descriptions of mailing address are added in the INVITE requests of Session Initiation Protocol, and INVITE requests are then sent to called party client
End；
The step is completed by the session control module at calls customer end, and caller candidate communication address includes IP and port
Number；It is as follows that the SDP describes example：
5474 RTP/AVP 0 of m=audio
C=IN IP4 113.140.29.14
A=candidate:Sc0a80073 1 UDP 1862270975 113.140.29.14 5474 typ srflx
A=candidate:Hc0a80073 1 UDP 1694498815 192.168.0.115 50206 typ host
Wherein, m rows describe the local port of voice transfer, and c rows describe local IP, and a rows describe candidate communication address,
Srflx indicates that the candidate site is reflection address.
In addition, the SIP communication systems described in present embodiment belong to B2BUA (Back-to-Back User Agent, the back of the body
Backrest user agent) framework, between calls customer end and called party client end session control signaling transmission be by server into
Row forwarding.It is therefore, above-mentioned that by INVITE requests, to be sent to called party client end actually refer to calls customer end first by INVITE
Request is sent to server, then is sent to called party client end by server.Mentioned calls customer end and called party client later
SIP signallings between end, are not always the case.
Step 3, called party client end receives INVITE requests and response session：
Step 3a, called party client end receives INVITE requests, and initiates STUN detections to server, obtains called candidate logical
Believe address；
After the session control module at called party client end receives INVITE requests, the standard in strict accordance with Session Initiation Protocol is needed
Session establishment flow processing first sends 100TRING responses to server, indicate that called party client end receives INVITE requests；Again
180RINGING responses are sent, indicate that called end starts ring.Later, session control module calls connecing for network traversal module
Mouthful, initiate STUN detections to server.The detection realization method is identical with step 2a.
Called candidate communication address is added in SDP descriptions by step 3b, called party client end, and will be added with called candidate
The SDP descriptions of mailing address are added in the 200OK responses of Session Initiation Protocol, and 200OK responses are then sent to calls customer end；
The step is completed by the session control module at called party client end, and the called candidate communication address includes IP and port
Number；It is as follows that the SDP describes example：
5474 RTP/AVP 0 of m=audio
C=IN IP4 113.140.29.14
A=candidate:Sc0a80073 1 UDP 1862270975 113.140.29.14 5474 typ srflx
A=candidate:Hc0a80073 1 UDP 1694498815 192.168.0.115 50206 typ host
Wherein, m rows describe the local port of voice transfer, and c rows describe local IP, and a rows describe candidate communication address,
Srflx indicates that the candidate site is reflection address.
Step 4, called party client end obtains caller candidate communication address, and calls customer end, which obtains, is called candidate communication address：
SDP descriptions are isolated at step 4a, called party client end from INVITE requests, then read out master from SDP descriptions
Cry candidate communication address；
The INVITE requests are that calls customer end is transmitted to called party client end by server, for initiating SIP meetings
Words request.Reading refers to that the IP address and port numbers of candidate communication address are put into the candidate communication of network traversal module creation
In address structure body.
SDP descriptions are isolated at step 4b, calls customer end from 200OK responses, are then read out from SDP descriptions called
Candidate communication address；
The 200OK responses are that called party client end is transmitted to calls customer end by server, are used for responds SIP session
Request.
Step 5, calls customer end, which obtains, is called media flow transmission address, and called party client end is with obtaining caller media flow transmission
Location：
Address negotiation session is initiated in step 5a, calls customer end to called party client end：
Calls customer end initiates to detect to called candidate communication address, and inquiry available communication address whether there is, if so,
Available communication address is classified, obtains optimal available communication address, and using optimal available communication address as called media
Otherwise steaming transfer address predicts called media flow transmission port, obtain called media flow transmission address.
The detection is directed to called candidate site and sends message, if it is possible to send successfully, then this called candidate ground
Location is available communication address.
The inquiry refers to being detected to all called candidate communication addresses.After completing inquiry, if there is available
Mailing address is then classified available communication address；If there is no available communication address, then to being called media flow transmission end
Mouth is predicted.
Described is classified available communication address, realizes that step is：It will be in same local network with the machine address
Available communication address is in the available communication address of Different LANs for the second class as first kind address, with the machine address
Location, if first kind address exists, using the address of wherein detection time delay minimum as optimal available communication address, if the first kind
Location is not present, then the address of time delay minimum will be detected in the second class address as optimal available communication address.
Described predicts called media flow transmission port, realizes that step is：
Step 5a1, calls customer end creates three bindings successively a socket of same local IP and port, and passes through the
One socket and third socket initiates STUN detections to server respectively, obtains the corresponding public networks of first socket and reflects
Penetrate the corresponding public network mapped port portA3 of port numbers portA1, third socket and caller public network mapping IP；
PortA1, portA3 and caller public network mapping IP are sent to called party client end by step 5a2, server；
Step 5a3, called party client end calculate the average port numbers portA2 of portA1 and portA3；
Step 5a4, called party client end initiate to detect to port portA2, and whether inquiry can establish communication, if so, handle
Caller public network maps IP and port portA2 as caller media flow transmission address, and otherwise, called party client end generates one and is in
Random integers between portA1 and portA3 are initiated to detect as port numbers, and to this port, repeat to randomly generating port
Initiate detection, can establish the port portA4 of communication until finding, and using caller public network mapping IP and port portA4 as
Caller media flow transmission address.
When detection using random port in the step 5a4, need to use a timer, in the stipulated time
If interior be much to seek the port numbers that can establish communication, the detection of terminating port, and port prediction is prompted to fail.
Address negotiation session is initiated in step 5b, called party client end to calls customer end：
Called party client end initiates to detect to caller candidate communication address, and inquiry available communication address whether there is, if so,
Available communication address is classified, obtains optimal available communication address, and using optimal available communication address as caller media
Otherwise caller media flow transmission port is predicted, caller media flow transmission address is obtained in steaming transfer address.
The detection is directed to called candidate site and sends message, if it is possible to send successfully, then this called candidate ground
Location is available communication address.
The inquiry refers to being detected to all called candidate communication addresses.After completing inquiry, if there is available
Mailing address is then classified available communication address；If there is no available communication address, then to being called media flow transmission end
Mouth is predicted.
Described is classified available communication address, realizes that step is：It will be in same local network with the machine address
Available communication address is in the available communication address of Different LANs for the second class as first kind address, with the machine address
Location, if first kind address exists, using the address of wherein detection time delay minimum as optimal available communication address, if the first kind
Location is not present, then the address of time delay minimum will be detected in the second class address as optimal available communication address.
Described predicts called media flow transmission port, realizes that step is：
Step 5b1, called party client end creates three bindings successively a socket of same local IP and port, and passes through the
One socket and third socket initiates STUN detections to server respectively, obtains the corresponding public networks of first socket and reflects
Penetrate the corresponding public network mapped port portB3 of port numbers portB1, third socket and called public network mapping IP；
PortB1, portB3 and called public network mapping IP are sent to calls customer end by step 5b2, server；
Step 5b3, calls customer end calculate the average port numbers portB2 of portB1 and portB3；
Step 5b4, calls customer end initiate to detect to port portB2, and whether inquiry can establish communication, if so, handle
Called public network mapping IP and port portB2 is as media flow transmission address is called, and otherwise, calls customer end generates one and is in
Random integers between portB1 and portB3 are initiated to detect as port numbers, and to this port, repeat to randomly generating port
Detected, can establish the port portB4 of communication until finding, and using called public network mapping IP and port portB4 as
Called media flow transmission address.
When detection using random port in the step 5b4, need to use a timer, in the stipulated time
If interior be much to seek the port numbers that can establish communication, the detection of terminating port, and port prediction is prompted to fail.
Step 6, calls customer end and called party client end carry out media flow transmission：
Medium process module in calls customer end sends Media Stream, while called party client to called media flow transmission address
Medium process module in end sends Media Stream to caller media flow transmission address.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) calls customer end and called party client end are initialized；
(2) calls customer end initiates a session request to called party client end：
STUN detections are initiated in (2a) calls customer end to server, obtain caller candidate communication address；
Caller candidate communication address is added in SDP descriptions by (2b) calls customer end, and will added with caller candidate communication
The SDP descriptions of location are added in the INVITE requests of Session Initiation Protocol, and INVITE requests are then sent to called party client end；
(3) called party client end receives INVITE requests and response session：
(3a) called party client end receives INVITE requests, and initiates STUN detections to server, obtains called candidate communication address；
Called candidate communication address is added in SDP descriptions by (3b) called party client end, and with will being added with called candidate communication
The SDP descriptions of location are added in the 200OK responses of Session Initiation Protocol, and 200OK responses are then sent to calls customer end；
(4) called party client end obtains caller candidate communication address, and calls customer end, which obtains, is called candidate communication address：
(4a) called party client end parses INVITE requests：
SDP descriptions are isolated at called party client end from INVITE requests, then from SDP descriptions with reading out caller candidate communication
Location；
(4b) calls customer end parses 200OK responses：
SDP descriptions are isolated at calls customer end from 200OK responses, then from SDP descriptions with reading out called candidate communication
Location；
(5) calls customer end, which obtains, is called media flow transmission address, and called party client end obtains caller media flow transmission address：
Address negotiation session is initiated to called party client end in (5a) calls customer end：
Calls customer end initiates to detect to called candidate communication address, and inquiry available communication address whether there is, if so, pair can
It is classified with mailing address, obtains optimal available communication address, and spread optimal available communication address as called media
Otherwise defeated address predicts called media flow transmission port, obtain called media flow transmission address；
Address negotiation session is initiated to calls customer end in (5b) called party client end：
Called party client end initiates to detect to caller candidate communication address, and inquiry available communication address whether there is, if so, pair can
It is classified with mailing address, obtains optimal available communication address, and optimal available communication address is spread as caller media
Otherwise caller media flow transmission port is predicted, caller media flow transmission address is obtained in defeated address；
(6) calls customer end and called party client end carry out media flow transmission：
Calls customer end sends media stream data to called media flow transmission address, while called party client end is spread to caller media
Defeated address sends media stream data.
2. a kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Called media flow transmission port is predicted described in (5a), realizes that step is：
(5a1) calls customer end creates three bindings successively the socket of same local IP and port, and passes through first
Socket and third socket initiates STUN detections to server respectively, obtains first socket corresponding public network mappings end
The corresponding public network mapped port portA3 of slogan portA1, third socket and caller public network map IP；
PortA1, portA3 and caller public network mapping IP are sent to called party client end by (5a2) server；
(5a3) called party client end calculates the average port numbers portA2 of portA1 and portA3；
(5a4) called party client end initiates to detect to port portA2, and whether inquiry can establish communication, if so, caller public affairs
IP and port portA2 is as caller media flow transmission address for net mapping, and otherwise, called party client end generates one and is in portA1
Random integers between portA3 are initiated to detect as port numbers, and to this port, and repetition is visited to randomly generating port
It surveys, the port portA4 of communication can be established until finding, and caller public network is mapped IP and port portA4 as caller matchmaker
Body steaming transfer address.
3. a kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Caller media flow transmission port is predicted described in (5b), realizes that step is：
(5b1) called party client end creates three bindings successively the socket of same local IP and port, and passes through first
Socket and third socket initiates STUN detections to server respectively, obtains first socket corresponding public network mappings end
The corresponding public network mapped port portB3 of slogan portB1, third socket and called public network map IP；
PortB1, portB3 and called public network mapping IP are sent to calls customer end by (5b2) server；
(5b3) calls customer end calculates the average port numbers portB2 of portB1 and portB3；
(5b4) calls customer end initiates to detect to port portB2, and whether inquiry can establish communication, if so, called public affairs
Net mapping IP and port portB2 is as media flow transmission address is called, and otherwise, calls customer end generates one and is in portB1
Random integers between portB3 are initiated to detect as port numbers, and to this port, and repetition is visited to randomly generating port
It surveys, the port portB4 of communication can be established until finding, and called public network is mapped IP and port portB4 as called matchmaker
Body steaming transfer address.
4. a kind of network traversal method for SIP communication systems according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Being classified to available communication address described in (5a) and (5b) realizes that step is：
Using the available communication address for being in same local network with the machine address as first kind address, it is in different from the machine address
The available communication address of LAN is the second class address, if first kind address exists, will wherein detect the address of time delay minimum
As optimal available communication address, if first kind address is not present, the address that time delay minimum is detected in the second class address is made
For optimal available communication address.
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