CN111464821A - Audio and video live broadcast P2P holing optimization method - Google Patents
Audio and video live broadcast P2P holing optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111464821A CN111464821A CN202010250559.5A CN202010250559A CN111464821A CN 111464821 A CN111464821 A CN 111464821A CN 202010250559 A CN202010250559 A CN 202010250559A CN 111464821 A CN111464821 A CN 111464821A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
- H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
- H04N21/2187—Live feed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/632—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing using a connection between clients on a wide area network, e.g. setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet for retrieving video segments from the hard-disk of other client devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
- H04N21/64707—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless for transferring content from a first network to a second network, e.g. between IP and wireless
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an audio and video live broadcast P2P holing optimization method, which comprises the following steps: a client A sends a request connected to a client B to a monitoring port of a network for assisting hole punching of a server; the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client A to the client B through the interception port of the main connection network, and sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client B to the client A; the client A and the client B respectively and asynchronously initiate TCP connection requests to the IP address and the port of the public network of the other side, and the two clients perform asymmetrical type rapid punching connection or rapid punching connection in a local area network; the client A and the client B respectively carry out authentication operation to realize p2p communication connection of the client A and the client B; the scheme realizes fast and accurate punching connection, optimizes the P2P punching time, is short in connection time, and has high success rate of punching connection.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of self-media live broadcast, in particular to a method for optimizing punching of audio and video live broadcast P2P.
Background
The rise of the field of direct broadcasting drives the rapid development of the audio and video industry, the mobile application in the field continuously appears, the life of people is greatly enriched, different cultural and mental requirements of people are met, and the harmonious development and economic development of the society are promoted. Meanwhile, the development of an industry is also driven.
In the era of information explosion, the permeability of self-media is higher and higher, and the real-time performance is faster and faster, so that the requirements on mobile internet companies are higher and higher, the social requirements are continuously improved by reliable, stable and high-quality application, and the mental requirements of people on the cultural entertainment industry are continuously met.
Generally, a host in a private network initiates a connection, a data packet is sent to a server on a public network after NAT address translation, data can be transmitted in two directions after the connection is established, NAT equipment allows the host in the private network to send data to the host in the public network actively, but active transmission in the opposite direction is forbidden, but the hosts in different private networks are required to be interconnected in some special occasions (such as P2P software, netmeeting, video transmission and the like), and the problem that TCP passes through NAT must be solved.
However, the existing hole-punching connection mode for audio and video live broadcasting still has the following defects: the punching connection modes of the two clients are unified and fixed, the punching steps are complicated, the difficulty is high, the punching failure rate is high, and the time consumption is long.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a hole punching optimization method for live audio and video P2P, which aims to solve the problems of unified and fixed hole punching connection mode, complex hole punching steps, high difficulty, high hole punching failure rate and long time consumption in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
a method for optimizing punching of audio and video live broadcast P2P is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, a client A sends a request connected to a client B to a monitoring port of a network for assisting in holing of a server;
step 200, the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client A to the client B through a monitoring port of a main connection network, and the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client B to the client A;
step 300, a client A and a client B respectively asynchronously initiate TCP connection requests to the IP address and the port of the public network of the other side, and the two clients perform asymmetrical fast punching connection or fast punching connection in a local area network;
step 400, the client a and the client B perform authentication operation respectively, and p2p communication connection between the client a and the client B is realized.
As a scheme of the present invention, a network identification system and a network detection system are respectively disposed in the client a and the client B, the server determines a network type to which the client a and the client B belong through the network identification system, and the server determines a network in which the client a and the client B are located through the network detection system.
As an aspect of the present invention, in the step 200, the implementation steps in which the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of one client to another client respectively include:
step 201, after the server receives the connection request of the client A, the server informs the client B through a monitoring port of a main connection network, and sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client A after NAT-A conversion to the client B;
step 202, the client B receives the connection notification of the server and sends a data packet to the interception port connection of the assisted hole-making network of the server;
and step 203, the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client B after NAT-B conversion to the client A.
As a scheme of the present invention, the connection request information of the client a forwarded by the server to the client B includes, but is not limited to, a public network IP address, a port number, a network type of the NAT-a, and network information of the NAT-a after the client a undergoes NAT-a conversion;
the data packet of the client B forwarded by the server to the client A comprises but is not limited to a public network IP address, a port number, a network type of the NAT-B and network information of the NAT-B after the client B is subjected to NAT-B conversion.
As a scheme of the present invention, the server first determines whether the network types of the client a and the client B are the same;
if the network types of the client A and the client B are the same, judging whether the network information of the client A and the client B is the same, and determining the asymmetric type quick punching of the client A and the client B or the quick punching connection in the local area network according to the network information of the client A and the client B;
and if the network types of the client A and the client B are different, directly judging that the client A and the client B are connected by punching again.
As a scheme of the present invention, in step 300, when the client a and the client B are divided into two networks, the client a and the client B are connected by fast punching in an asymmetric type, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
when the client a and the client B are in two networks, the step 400 is to connect the client a and the client B by fast punching in an asymmetric type, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
the client B is connected with the public network IP address and the port of the client A after NAT-A conversion for the first time, and the router of the client A discards the SYN request packet to cause connection failure;
the NAT-A records the public network IP address and the port number of the client B after NAT-B conversion again;
the client A delays to resend the request and is actively connected to the public network IP address and the port of the client B, so that the asymmetric type quick hole punching connection is realized.
As a scheme of the present invention, when the client a and the client B are in the same network, the step 400 is to perform fast punching connection in the local area networks of the client a and the client B, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
the client A sends the public network IP address and the port connection after NAT-A conversion to the server;
the client B sends the public network IP address and the port connection after NAT-A conversion to the server;
the client B is actively connected with the public network IP address and the port of the client A after NAT-A conversion, and the NAT-A of the client A identifies the SYN request packet of the client B to realize rapid punching connection in the local area network.
As a scheme of the present invention, the NAT device is provided with a port prediction system therein, the client a and the client B respectively record the public network IP address and the port number of each punching connection by using the port prediction system, and the port prediction system is further configured to count the number of punching connections of each port number.
As one scheme of the present invention, when the corresponding client performs the punching connection again, the port number and the IP address recorded in the NAT device can directly establish the p2p connection between the two clients through the rapid punching connection in the local area network.
As a scheme of the present invention, in step 400, after the TCP connection is established between the client a and the client B, the client a and the client B respectively start authentication operations to ensure that the currently joined connection is the desired connection;
if the authentication fails, the client closes the connection and continues to wait for the joining of a new connection;
the client only accepts the first client which passes the authentication operation to enter the p2p communication connection, and does not wait for whether a new connection is joined.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the intelligent network identification system is arranged in the background of the server to quickly judge the network type of the client and the intelligent network detection system to quickly judge the local area network of the client, and the hole-making connection mode is determined by judging whether the network types of the two clients are the same and whether the networks are the same, so that the fast and accurate hole-making connection is realized, and the P2P hole-making time is optimized;
(2) and reserving IP addresses and port numbers of other clients connected with the holes in each client, estimating the port numbers needing to be punched according to the statistical result, sending a data packet to carry out quick and spontaneous punching, and directly establishing p2p connection of the two clients through quick punching connection in the local area network when the corresponding client carries out punching connection again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a P2P hole drilling optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a selection of a hole-making connection manner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a method for optimizing hole punching of live audio/video P2P, wherein an intelligent network identification system is arranged in a background of a server to quickly determine the type of a network to which the server belongs and an intelligent network detection system to quickly determine a local area network of a client, and a hole punching connection mode is determined by determining whether the network types of two clients are the same and whether the networks are the same, so that quick and accurate hole punching connection is realized, and the hole punching time of P2P is optimized.
In addition, IP addresses and port numbers of other clients connected with the holes are reserved in each client, the port numbers needing to be punched are estimated according to the statistical result, and the data packet is sent to carry out rapid and spontaneous punching.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 100, client a sends a request for connecting to client B to the assisted hole network listening port of the server.
Before sending a punching connection request, a client A and a client B are respectively connected with a server, and the server starts two network interception ports which are a main connection network interception port and an auxiliary punching network interception port respectively.
In addition, a network identification system and a network detection system are arranged in the server, the server judges the network types of the client A and the client B through the network identification system, and the server judges the networks of the client A and the client B through the network detection system.
Step 200, the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client A to the client B through the interception port of the main connection network, and the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client B to the client A.
In this step, the implementation steps in which the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of one client to another client respectively are:
step 201, after the server receives the connection request of the client A, the server informs the client B through a monitoring port of a main connection network, and sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client A after NAT-A conversion to the client B;
step 202, the client B receives the connection notification of the server and sends a data packet to the interception port connection of the assisted hole-making network of the server;
and step 203, the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client B after NAT-B conversion to the client A. The connection request information sent by the client a includes, but is not limited to, the public network IP address, the port number, the network type of the NAT-a, and the network information of the NAT-a after the client a is subjected to NAT-a translation, that is, the server receives and forwards the public network IP address, the port number, the network type of the NAT-a, and the network information of the NAT-a of the client a to the client B.
The data packet sent by the client B includes, but is not limited to, the public network IP address, the port number, the network type of the NAT-B, and the network information of the NAT-B after the NAT-B is translated.
At the moment, the client A and the client B can respectively judge the network type of the NAT-A and the network type of the NAT-B through a network identification system, if the network types of the two clients are the same, whether the network information of the client A and the network information of the client B are the same or not is judged, and the client A and the client B are determined to carry out quick punching on asymmetric types or quick punching connection in a local area network according to the network information of the client A and the client B;
that is, if the network information of the client a and the network information of the client B are different, it is determined that the punching connection mode of the client a and the punching connection mode of the client B are the asymmetric type fast punching connection mode.
And if the network information of the client A and the network information of the client B are different, determining that the hole punching connection mode of the client A and the client B is a rapid hole punching connection mode in the local area network.
On the contrary, if the network types of the client A and the client B are different, the client A and the client B are directly judged to be in an asymmetric type fast punching connection mode.
The embodiment utilizes the intelligent network identification system to quickly judge the network type of the client and the intelligent network detection system to quickly judge the local area network of the client, and determines the mode of punching connection by judging whether the network types of the two clients are the same and whether the networks are the same, thereby realizing quick and accurate punching connection and optimizing the P2P punching time.
Step 300, the client A and the client B respectively asynchronously initiate TCP connection requests to the IP address and the port of the public network of the other side, and the two clients perform asymmetrical fast punching connection or fast punching connection in the local area network.
When the client a and the client B are in two networks, the step 400 is to connect the client a and the client B by fast punching in an asymmetric type, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
the client B is connected with the public network IP address and the port of the client A after NAT-A conversion for the first time, and the router of the client A discards the SYN request packet to cause connection failure;
the NAT-A records the public network IP address and the port number of the client B after NAT-B conversion again;
the client A delays to resend the request and is actively connected to the public network IP address and the port of the client B, so that the asymmetric type quick hole punching connection is realized.
That is to say, when the client B is connected to the public network IP address and port of the client a after NAT-a conversion for the first time, and the router of the client a discards the SYN request packet to cause a connection failure, the client B sends information to the server again, and the server sends the public network IP address and port number of the client B after NAT-B conversion to the client a after receiving the information.
After receiving the information of the public network IP address, the port number and the like of the client B, the client A starts to be connected to the public network IP address and the port number of the client B, so that the direct TCP connection is established.
The specific realization principle is as follows: since client a has already sent a SYN packet to client B, the SYN packet sent by client B to client a will be considered as part of the response of the SYN packet sent by client a to client B, so the SYN packet sent by client B to client a will smoothly pass through the NAT device of client a to reach client a, thereby establishing a p2p connection between client a and client B.
When the network types of the two clients are the same and the networks are the same, the step 300 is to make a rapid hole punching connection between the local area networks of the client a and the client B, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
the client A sends the public network IP address and the port connection after NAT-A conversion to the server;
the client B sends the public network IP address and the port connection after NAT-A conversion to the server;
the client B is actively connected with the public network IP address and the port of the client A after NAT-A conversion, and the NAT-A of the client A identifies the SYN request packet of the client B to realize rapid punching connection in the local area network.
Because the network types of the two clients are the same and the networks are the same, the client a and the client B are the same NAT device, and at this time, the router of the client a directly recognizes the SYN request packet, resulting in successful connection.
According to the comparison, the complexity and difficulty of the asymmetrical type quick punching connection mode are higher than those of the quick punching connection mode in the local area network, the time consumption of the asymmetrical type quick punching connection is long, the accuracy is low, and therefore punching requests need to be repeatedly carried out for many times, and quick punching in the local area network can realize one-time request response work and immediately realize punching connection.
Therefore, in the embodiment, two punching connection modes of the clients are differentiated, the network types of the two clients are compared with the network equipment, the two clients with the same network type and the same network equipment quickly establish p2p punching connection according to the quick punching connection mode in the local area network, and the two clients with different network types and different network equipment quickly establish p2p punching connection according to the quick punching connection mode in the asymmetric type, so that the punching connection time can be shortened to a certain extent.
Step 400, the client a and the client B perform authentication operation respectively, and p2p communication connection between the client a and the client B is realized.
After the client A and the client B establish TCP connection, the client A and the client B respectively start authentication operation to ensure that the currently-connected connection is the expected connection;
if the authentication fails, the client closes the connection and continues to wait for the joining of a new connection;
the client only accepts the first client which passes the authentication operation to enter the p2p communication connection, and does not wait for whether a new connection is joined.
And port prediction systems are respectively arranged in the NAT-A equipment and the NAT-B equipment, the client A and the client B respectively record the public network IP address and the port number of each punching connection by using the port prediction systems, and the port prediction systems are also used for counting the punching connection times of each port number.
And estimating a port needing to be punched according to the highest punching connection times of each port number, and automatically sending a punching connection request to the opposite client by the client A or the client B.
For the port numbers and IP addresses recorded in the NAT-A equipment and the NAT-B equipment, when the corresponding client side carries out the punching connection again, the p2p connection of the two client sides can be directly established through the rapid punching connection in the local area network.
Therefore, IP addresses and port numbers of other clients connected with the hole punching are reserved in each client, the port number needing the hole punching is estimated according to the statistical result, and the data packet is sent to carry out quick and spontaneous hole punching, so that the data is reliable, effective and timely after the hole punching is successful. Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A method for optimizing punching of audio and video live broadcast P2P is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, a client A sends a request connected to a client B to a monitoring port of a network for assisting in holing of a server;
step 200, the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client A to the client B through a monitoring port of a main connection network, and the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client B to the client A;
step 300, a client A and a client B respectively asynchronously initiate TCP connection requests to the IP address and the port of the public network of the other side, and the two clients perform asymmetrical fast punching connection or fast punching connection in a local area network;
step 400, the client a and the client B perform authentication operation respectively, and p2p communication connection between the client a and the client B is realized.
2. The method for optimizing hole punching of audio-video live broadcast P2P as claimed in claim 1, wherein a network identification system and a network detection system are respectively disposed in the client A and the client B, the server determines the types of networks to which the client A and the client B belong through the network identification system, and the server determines the networks to which the client A and the client B belong through the network detection system.
3. A method for optimizing audio/video live broadcast P2P holing according to claim 1, wherein in step 200, the implementation steps for the server to send the public network IP address and port number of one client to another client respectively are as follows:
step 201, after the server receives the connection request of the client A, the server informs the client B through a monitoring port of a main connection network, and sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client A after NAT-A conversion to the client B;
step 202, the client B receives the connection notification of the server and sends a data packet to the interception port connection of the assisted hole-making network of the server;
and step 203, the server sends the public network IP address and the port number of the client B after NAT-B conversion to the client A.
4. The method for optimizing the holing of the live audio/video P2P according to claim 3, wherein the connection request information of the client a forwarded by the server to the client B includes, but is not limited to, a public network IP address, a port number, a network type of NAT-a, and network information of NAT-a after the client a undergoes NAT-a translation;
the data packet of the client B forwarded by the server to the client A comprises but is not limited to a public network IP address, a port number, a network type of the NAT-B and network information of the NAT-B after the client B is subjected to NAT-B conversion.
5. The audio and video live broadcast P2P holing optimization method according to claim 4, wherein the server first determines whether the network types of the client A and the client B are the same;
if the network types of the client A and the client B are the same, judging whether the network information of the client A and the client B is the same, and determining the asymmetric type quick punching of the client A and the client B or the quick punching connection in the local area network according to the network information of the client A and the client B;
and if the network types of the client A and the client B are different, directly judging that the client A and the client B are connected by punching again.
6. The method for optimizing perforating on audio-video live broadcast P2P of claim 5, wherein in step 300, when the client A and the client B are in two networks, the client A and the client B are connected in a fast perforating mode in an asymmetric type, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
when the client a and the client B are in two networks, the step 400 is to connect the client a and the client B by fast punching in an asymmetric type, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
the client B is connected with the public network IP address and the port of the client A after NAT-A conversion for the first time, and the router of the client A discards the SYN request packet to cause connection failure;
the NAT-A records the public network IP address and the port number of the client B after NAT-B conversion again;
the client A delays to resend the request and is actively connected to the public network IP address and the port of the client B, so that the asymmetric type quick hole punching connection is realized.
7. The method for optimizing the punching of the audio-video live broadcast P2P according to claim 2, wherein when the client A and the client B are in the same network, the step 400 is to connect the client A and the client B in local area networks by punching at high speed, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
the client A sends the public network IP address and the port connection after NAT-A conversion to the server;
the client B sends the public network IP address and the port connection after NAT-A conversion to the server;
the client B is actively connected with the public network IP address and the port of the client A after NAT-A conversion, and the NAT-A of the client A identifies the SYN request packet of the client B to realize rapid punching connection in the local area network.
8. The method for optimizing the punching of the audio-video live broadcast P2P according to claim 1, wherein a port prediction system is respectively provided in the NAT device, the client A and the client B respectively record a public network IP address and a port number of each punching connection by using the port prediction system, and the port prediction system is further configured to count the punching connection times of each port number.
9. The method for optimizing the hole punching of the audio-video live broadcast P2P as claimed in claim 8, wherein the port numbers and IP addresses recorded in the NAT devices can directly establish the P2P connection between the two clients through a rapid hole punching connection in the LAN when the corresponding clients perform hole punching connection again.
10. The method for optimizing the holing of the live audio/video P2P according to claim 1, wherein in step 400, after the TCP connection is established between the client a and the client B, the client a and the client B respectively start an authentication operation to ensure that the currently joined connection is the desired connection;
if the authentication fails, the client closes the connection and continues to wait for the joining of a new connection;
the client only accepts the first client which passes the authentication operation to enter the p2p communication connection, and does not wait for whether a new connection is joined.
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| CN111464821B (en) | 2022-04-26 |
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