CN108538699B - Mass spectrum-high-rise neutral atmosphere the detection device of power spectrum integration - Google Patents
Mass spectrum-high-rise neutral atmosphere the detection device of power spectrum integration Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/022—Circuit arrangements, e.g. for generating deviation currents or voltages ; Components associated with high voltage supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/04—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
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- H01J49/40—Time-of-flight spectrometers
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Abstract
The mass spectrum based on energy depressive spectroscopy-high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration that the invention discloses a kind of, including collimation area, ionized region, ionic switch, accelerate electrode, electrostatic analyzer, ion acceptor, signal processing module and control system, neutral gas molecule/atomic beam circulation of the ionized region for Shi Lai auto-collimation area is changed to ion beam current；Ion beam current enters accelerating region and enters electrostatic analyzer；Using ion acceptor is entered after voltage difference effect deflection, signal is exported to signal processing module, to realize two kinds of operating modes, i.e. energy spectrum analysis mode and mass spectral analysis mode.Detection device of the invention can obtain neutral atmosphere speed and temperature under energy spectrum analysis mode, can identify each molecular atoms type and its number density in neutral atmosphere under mass spectral analysis mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space technology Space environment detection technical fields, specifically, the present invention relates to one kind to be based on energy
The mass spectrum of the spectrum analysis instrument-high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration.
Background technique
Middle and upper atmosphere (90km-2500km) is by many factors joint effect, and variation is sufficiently complex, at present still to its mechanism
It does not grasp completely.In this context, although more than 50 years, model essence has been developed to the research of Atmospheric Density Models in the world
Spend raising not essential always.The model average deviation published is hovered near 15%~20% always, especially
During sun geomagnetic activity disturbs, the deviation of model is even up to 100% or more.Currently, before China still continues to use the external more than ten years
Atmospheric Density Models, it is due to various reasons, existing big airtight although China has also carried out atmospheric density ingredient and detected in place
Spend detection data wretched insufficiency, it is difficult to meet spacecraft Orbit Determination and Orbit Forecast, missile flight damping determination and close to space vehicle weapon
The required precision that motion state determines.Therefore, it is necessary to develop high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device, obtain include atmospheric density, at
Point, many reference amounts high dynamic detection data such as temperature, speed of incoming flow, serve aerospace engineering.
The existing high level spaceborne in-situ investigation means of neutral atmosphere have pressure gauge, mass spectrograph, Wind measurement instrument etc..
[Sun Lilin, the state of Qin is safe, He Aiqing, Li Hong, and " divine boat three " atmospheric density detector, Atmospheric components are visited for pressure gauge
Survey device ground calibration system, the 15th academic conference of space exploration Professional Committee, China's Space science association, 2002] it is based on
Hot cathode ioization gauge, principle are as follows: incident directionality molecular flow is ionized with ionization method, by measure entrance port diameter and
The size of ion stream finds out molecule intensity of flow, determines atmospheric density data.This method can only measure atmospheric density, can not obtain big
Ingredient, temperature, speed of incoming flow of gas etc., and atmospheric density is inverting data, precision depends on the precision of taken parameter value, because
And error is larger.
And mass spectrograph includes that [state of Qin is safe, Qiu Shiyan, He Aiqing etc. for quadrupole mass spectrometer.No. 2 atmospheric density detectors of divine boat
Detection result (I) sunshine and shadow region Thermosphere variable density.Space science journal, vol.22 (2), 2002] and magnetic biasing
Deflection mass spectrometer [1 Guo Meiru, Zhang Weiwen, Li get Tian, etc..The development vacuum science and technology of space small-sized magnetic deflection mass spectrometer
It reports .35 (4), 2015；2 Li get Tian, Guo Meiru, Xiao Yuhua, Zhao Yide, Wang Liang, Yue Rui, Guo Wenjin.A kind of small-sized magnetic deflection matter
Spectrum meter, CN201010186029.5].But no matter which kind of mass spectrograph, be only used for measurement Atmospheric components and density, can not obtain
The information such as the temperature of atmosphere and speed of incoming flow.
In addition, a kind of Wind measurement instrument [Huang Jianguo, Jiang Lixiang, Liu Guoqing, Jiao Zilong, Zhang Chao, Zhu exists in the prior art
Yun Fei Middle and upper atmosphere contents temperature Wind measurement instrument .CN201410659670.4].Such as it is described in one kind in the patent
Upper atmosphere contents temperature Wind measurement instrument has collimation separator, ionisation chamber, analyzer, microchannel plate, anode, galvanometer.
The survey meter can measure ingredient, temperature and the wind field of atmosphere, but be unable to measure the density of atmosphere, and the resolution ratio of ingredient compared with
It is low.Based on this, a kind of detection for being able to carry out in-situ investigation and obtain the multi-parameters such as density, ingredient, temperature, speed of incoming flow is provided
Device is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of mass spectrum-energy based on energy depressive spectroscopy
The high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of spectrum integration, the device can carry out in-situ investigation to neutral atmosphere and obtain its density, at
Point, the parameters such as temperature, speed of incoming flow.
Present invention employs the following technical solutions:
Mass spectrum based on the energy depressive spectroscopy-high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration, including collimation area, ionization
Area, accelerates electrode, electrostatic analyzer, ion acceptor, signal processing module and control system at ionic switch, for stopping rail
Road air ion and the collimation area for only passing through track atmosphere neutral gas molecule/atom, it is at regular intervals flat by two pieces of tools
Row metal plate is constituted, and there are voltage differences between two pieces of metal plates；Ionized region is used for the neutral gas molecule/original in Shi Lai auto-collimation area
Beamlet circulation is changed to ion beam current；Can ionic switch area enter subsequent acceleration for controlling the ion beam current from ionized region
The accelerating region that electrode is formed, ionic switch area is made of two pieces of tool parallel metal sheets at regular intervals, between two pieces of metal plates
There are voltage differences；Accelerate electrode to be used to improve the ion energy in ion beam current, is that tool is at regular intervals parallel in structure
Metal plate, for metal plate there are voltage difference, there are circular hole or slit in two pieces of metal plate centers, and are concentric structure, ion beam circulation
It crosses and enters electrostatic analyzer；Electrostatic analyzer is semicolumn box structure, and there are voltage difference, ions between two parts above and below structure
Line enters ion acceptor after voltage difference effect deflection, and then ion acceptor signal is exported to signal processing module,
Signal processing module is connected with control system, and control system gives each electronic component to power respectively and controls the voltage in relevant each area
Difference, to realize two kinds of operating modes, i.e. energy spectrum analysis mode and mass spectral analysis mode.
Wherein, control system realizes the setting and switching of two kinds of operating modes.
Wherein, ion acceptor is existing microchannel plate or electron multiplier.
Wherein, collimation area outlet with ionized region entrance, ionized region outlet, ionic switch area entrance, ionic switch area export,
Accelerate electrode inlet, electrode outlet, electrostatic analyzer entrance is accelerated to be on same axis.
Wherein, under energy spectrum analysis mode, control system is collimation area, ionized region, electrostatic analyzer, ion acceptor, letter
Number processing module provides voltage, and ionic switch area and electrode is accelerated not provide voltage, does not work.
Further, under energy spectrum analysis mode, when the analysis voltage of control system control electrostatic analyzer is set as isometric
Between increase the stairstepping waveform of equivalent voltage in section, ladder number is arbitrary number, and wherein ion acceptor converts ion stream
For current signal, and analyzed by signal processing module.
Wherein, under mass spectral analysis mode, control system first be collimation area, ionized region, accelerate electrode, electrostatic analyzer,
Ion acceptor, signal processing module provide voltage and provide voltage then at the T0 moment for ionic switch area, it is made to be powered on work
Make；At the T0+nT moment, the corresponding ion stream of the different neutral atmosphere ingredients of ion acceptor reception, and current signal is converted to, quilt
Signal processing module analysis processing, n is natural number.
Further, ionized region includes ion source, cavity；Wherein ion source is in cavity side, and ion source outlet is in cavity
It is equipped with corresponding entrance, ion source is powered and controlled by control system.
Compared with prior art, the mass spectrum of the invention based on energy depressive spectroscopy-high-rise neutral atmosphere of power spectrum integration is visited
Surveying device can be achieved at the same time two kinds of analytical models, i.e. energy spectrum analysis mode and mass spectral analysis mode, can under energy spectrum analysis mode
Neutral atmosphere speed and temperature can be obtained according to energy spectrum peak in the power spectrum for obtaining oxygen atom in neutral atmosphere.Mass spectral analysis mode
Under can identify hydrogen atom in neutral atmosphere, helium atom, nitrogen-atoms, oxygen atom, nitrogen molecular, oxygen molecule, ar atmo and its number density,
With excellent comprehensive survey effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the mass spectrum of the invention based on energy depressive spectroscopy-power spectrum integration high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device knot
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the voltage control figure in the coulostatic analysis area of detection device of the invention under energy spectrum analysis mode.
Fig. 3 is mass spectrum of the invention-power spectrum integration high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device mass spectrum work ion integral spectrum
And Differential Spectrum model results.
Specific embodiment
Introduced below is the specific embodiment as content of the present invention, below by specific embodiment to this
The content work of invention further illustrates.Certainly, description following detailed description is only example not Tongfang of the invention
The content in face but should not be understood as the limitation scope of the invention.
Referring to Fig.1, Fig. 1 is the high-rise neutral atmosphere detection of the mass spectrum of the invention based on energy depressive spectroscopy-power spectrum integration
The structural schematic diagram of device；Wherein, the mass spectrum based on energy depressive spectroscopy-power spectrum integration high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device knot
Structure schematic diagram is by collimation area, ionized region, ionic switch, acceleration electrode, electrostatic analyzer, ion acceptor, signal processing module
It is formed with control system, specific as follows:
The function of collimating area is to stop track air ion, only passes through track atmosphere neutral gas molecule/atom.Collimation
It is two pieces of tool horizontal parallel metal plates at regular intervals on plot structure.Its material is copper, is also possible to other excellent electric conductivities
Material.There are voltage differences for two pieces of metal plates.Voltage is provided and is arranged by control system.For example, in two pieces of parallel metal sheets, on
Plate earthing, lower plate voltage are -10V.
Ionized region is for making neutral gas molecule/atomic beam circulation be changed to ion beam current.Ionized region includes ion source, ionization
Cavity.Ionized region ion source is powered by control system, is controlled.Existing hot cathode or cold-cathode source can be used in ion source.
Can ionic switch area enter subsequent accelerating region for controlling ion beam current.It is two pieces on ionic switch plot structure
Has horizontal parallel metal plate at regular intervals, material is the other materials of copper or excellent electric conductivity.Two pieces of metal plates
There are voltage differences.Voltage is provided and is arranged by control system.For example, in two pieces of parallel metal sheets, upper plate earthing, lower plate voltage is
+10V。
Accelerate electrode for improving ion beam current intermediate ion energy.It is tool vertical parallel gold at regular intervals in its structure
Belong to plate, material is copper or the material of other excellent electric conductivities.There are circular hole or slit in two pieces of metal plate centers, and are
Concentric structure, ion beam current can pass through.There are voltage differences for metal plate.Voltage is provided and is arranged by control system.For example, foreboard is electric
Pressure is+1000V, rear plate earthing.
Electrostatic analyzer global shape is semicolumn boxlike.The semicolumn box top half is semicircle lid and the circle surrounded
Cylindricality board group is fit, which is semicircle bottom and cuboid assembly.Exist between upper and lower two parts
Voltage difference.Voltage is provided and is arranged by control system.For example, top half is grounded, lower half portion voltage is set as -10V -0V step
Into variation.
Ion acceptor is existing microchannel plate or electron multiplier.Ion acceptor signal is exported to signal processing mould
Block.Signal processing module is connected with control system.
Collimate area outlet and ionized region entrance, ionized region outlet, ionic switch area entrance, the outlet of ionic switch area, acceleration
Electrode inlet accelerates electrode outlet, electrostatic analyzer entrance to be on same axis.
There are two types of operating modes for detection device: energy spectrum analysis mode and mass spectral analysis mode.Control system can realize detection
The setting and switching of two kinds of operating modes of device.
Under energy spectrum analysis mode, control system is collimation area, ionized region, electrostatic analyzer, ion acceptor, signal processing
Module provides voltage, and ionic switch area and acceleration electrode do not provide voltage, do not work.Control system controls electrostatic analyzer
Parallel metal sheet voltage difference is stairstepping waveform shown in Fig. 2, and ladder number is any.Ion stream is converted to electricity by ion acceptor
Signal is flowed, and is analyzed by signal processing module.
The principle of spectral distribution inverting atmosphere wind speed and temperature is as follows.Track atmosphere thinks that its speed meets Maxwell point
Cloth, the neutral atmospheric molecules kinetic energy distribution scanned also comply with normal distribution, peak value are as follows:
Therefore, the Energy distribution peak E obtained by measurementpAtmosphere speed of incoming flow V can be calculated.
In addition, the relationship of the peak width Δ E at atmospheric temperature and 1/e are as follows:
Thus atmospheric temperature T can be calculated.
Under mass spectral analysis mode, control system is collimation area, ionized region, electrode, electrostatic analyzer, ion is accelerated to connect first
Receive device, signal processing module provides voltage.Then at the T0 moment, voltage is provided for ionic switch area, it is made to be powered on work.Ion
The corresponding ion stream of the different neutral atmosphere ingredients of receiver reception, and current signal is converted to, at signal processing module analysis
Reason.
Different ions are directly proportional to the square root of mass number in the time that flying distance is L distance.Signal processing mould
The ion integral spectrum and Differential Spectrum that block analysis is handled are as shown in Figure 3.Heterogeneity has different quality, therefore root in atmosphere
It can get Atmospheric components information according to the peak value of different moments.Tri- kinds of atoms of N, O, Ar are shown in figure.And corresponding ingredient spectral peak
Area corresponds to the density of the ingredient, it may be assumed that
N=KS
Wherein, n is the number density of certain ingredient, and S is spectral peak area, and K is the coefficient that ground rating test obtains.
Although the detailed description and description of the specific embodiments of the present invention are given above, it should be noted that
We can carry out various equivalent changes and modification to above embodiment according to the concept of the present invention, and generated function is made
It, should all be within protection scope of the present invention when with the spirit still covered without departing from specification and attached drawing.
Claims (6)
1. the mass spectrum based on energy depressive spectroscopy-the high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration, including collimation area, ionized region,
Ionic switch accelerates electrode, electrostatic analyzer, ion acceptor, signal processing module and control system, for stopping track big
Gas ion and the collimation area for only passing through track atmosphere neutral gas molecule/atom, by two blocks of tool parallel gold at regular intervals
Belong to plate to constitute, there are voltage differences between two pieces of metal plates；Ionized region is used for the neutral gas molecule/atomic beam in Shi Lai auto-collimation area
Circulation is changed to ion beam current；Can ionic switch area enter subsequent acceleration electrode for controlling the ion beam current from ionized region
The accelerating region of formation, ionic switch area are made of two pieces of tool parallel metal sheets at regular intervals, exist between two pieces of metal plates
Voltage difference；Accelerate electrode to be used to improve the ion energy in ion beam current, is to have parallel metal at regular intervals in structure
Plate, for metal plate there are voltage difference, there are circular hole or a slit in two pieces of metal plate centers, and are concentric structure, ion beam current by into
Enter electrostatic analyzer；Electrostatic analyzer is semicolumn box structure, and there are voltage difference, ion beam currents between two parts above and below structure
Enter ion acceptor after voltage difference effect deflection, then ion acceptor signal is exported to signal processing module, signal
Processing module is connected with control system, and control system gives each electronic component to power respectively and controls the voltage difference in relevant each area,
To realize two kinds of operating modes, i.e. energy spectrum analysis mode and mass spectral analysis mode, wherein under energy spectrum analysis mode, control system
Voltage is provided for collimation area, ionized region, electrostatic analyzer, ion acceptor, signal processing module, and ionic switch area and acceleration
Electrode does not provide voltage, does not work；Under mass spectral analysis mode, control system first be collimation area, ionized region, accelerate electrode,
Electrostatic analyzer, ion acceptor, signal processing module provide voltage and provide voltage then at the T0 moment for ionic switch area,
It is set to be powered on work；At the T0+nT moment, the corresponding ion stream of the different neutral atmosphere ingredients of ion acceptor reception, and be converted to
Current signal is handled by signal processing module analysis, and n is natural number.
2. the mass spectrum as described in claim 1-high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration, wherein control system is realized
The setting and switching of two kinds of operating modes.
3. mass spectrum as described in claim 1-the high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration, wherein ion acceptor is
Existing microchannel plate or electron multiplier.
4. mass spectrum as described in claim 1-the high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration, wherein the outlet of collimation area with
Ionized region entrance, ionic switch area entrance, the outlet of ionic switch area, accelerates electrode inlet, electrode is accelerated to go out ionized region outlet
Mouth, electrostatic analyzer entrance are on same axis.
5. the mass spectrum as described in claim 1-high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration, wherein energy spectrum analysis mode
Under, the analysis voltage of control system control electrostatic analyzer is set as waiting the stairstepping wave for increasing equivalent voltage in long periods
Shape, ladder number are arbitrary number, and wherein ion stream is converted to current signal by ion acceptor, and by signal processing module point
Analysis.
6. the mass spectrum as described in any one in claim 1-5-high-rise neutral atmosphere detection device of power spectrum integration, wherein ionization
Area includes ion source, cavity；Wherein for ion source in cavity side, ion source outlet is equipped with corresponding entrance, ion source on cavity
It is powered by control system and is controlled.
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| CN112799120B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2024-03-22 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Dual-channel electrostatic analyzer for synchronous measurement of ions and electrons |
| CN111508814B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2023-03-31 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Control circuit of electron source device of satellite-borne in-situ atmospheric composition detector |
| CN112526585A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Detector and detection method for in-situ measurement of track neutral gas particle velocity |
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| US4912326A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-03-27 | Jeol Ltd. | Direct imaging type SIMS instrument |
| JP2000251832A (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-09-14 | Shimadzu Corp | Mass spectrometric monitor of measuring direction- variable type |
| CN104407401A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-11 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Middle and upper atmospheric composition temperature wind field detector |
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Inventor after: Li Tao Inventor after: Yi Zhiqiang Inventor after: Jiao Zilong Inventor after: Jiang Lixiang Inventor after: Zheng Huiqi Inventor after: Tang Zhenyu Inventor after: Dou Renchao Inventor after: Li Hao Inventor after: Sun Jipeng Inventor after: Jiang Haifu Inventor before: Li Tao Inventor before: Jiao Zilong Inventor before: Zheng Huiqi Inventor before: Tang Zhenyu Inventor before: Dou Renchao Inventor before: Jiang Lixiang Inventor before: Sun Jipeng Inventor before: Jiang Haifu |