CN1085373A - 电荷耦合器件照相机中消除涂污的方法 - Google Patents
电荷耦合器件照相机中消除涂污的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
- H04N23/681—Motion detection
- H04N23/6811—Motion detection based on the image signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
- H04N23/682—Vibration or motion blur correction
- H04N23/684—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by controlling the image sensor readout, e.g. by controlling the integration time
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/40—Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled
- H04N25/41—Extracting pixel data from a plurality of image sensors simultaneously picking up an image, e.g. for increasing the field of view by combining the outputs of a plurality of sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/62—Detection or reduction of noise due to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/62—Detection or reduction of noise due to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels
- H04N25/625—Detection or reduction of noise due to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels for the control of smear
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/73—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors using interline transfer [IT]
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Abstract
一种消除电荷耦合器件型照相机中涂污噪声的
方法、包括从一对CCD拾像装置输入各自的图像信
号及比较相应象元的这一对图像信号之后消除涂污
噪声。所述一对CCD拾像装置相应的垂直
CCDs20的长度方向相互垂直，并设置在一个光学通
路上。该方法使用一对CCD拾像装置200，互相比
较两CCD拾像装置的图像信号。可以消除产生了
涂污噪声，获得高质量的图像信号。
Description
本发明涉及一种电荷耦合器件（CCD）照相机，更具体地说，涉及一种消除由强入射光照射CCD照相机而产生的涂污噪声（smear noise）的方法。
如图1所示，一般的CCD拾像（image pick-up）装置包括多个光电转换元件，即，多个以矩阵形式形成在一光接收部分1上的PN光电二极管10;多个垂直CCDS20，它们分别与每一列PN光电二极管10相应地设置，并传输由该相应列的PN光电二极管10进行光电转换的信号;一个逐行接收来自多个垂直CCDS20的信号的水平CCD30;和一个用于输出该水平CCD30输出的信号的输出装置40，扎有这些都集成在一个半导体衬底上。
参照图1和2，光接收部分1中的各象元包括一个光电转换元件10的区域和一个垂直CCD20的区域。也就是说，一个P-阱102形成在n型衬底100上。n+区103和n区110分别形成在p+隔离区104和106之间靠近P-阱102表面的地方。n+区103作为PN光电二极管10，而n区110作为垂直CCD20的埋置的沟道。转移栅区112设置在n+区103和n区110之间。在n区110和转移区112之间形成有栅电极116和118，其间插着一绝缘薄层114，栅电极116和118由多晶硅这样的导电层形成。除了n+区103以外，其余部分均用一由铝之类的金属构成的光屏蔽膜120覆盖。因此，光通过窗口122射入n+区103。射入n+区的光根据光的强度光电转换成大量电荷。该电荷量信号根据加在栅电极116上的信号、经转移栅区112传输到垂直CCD20的n区110。该传输到垂直CCD20的电荷量信号被传输到水平CCD30。
上述CCD拾像装置因从比光电二极管的耗尽层还要深的区域由入射光产生的电荷的扩散产生了涂污载流子，如图2所示。由于标注为A的区域内的多次反射，该涂污载流子直接从n区的垂直CCD的耗尽区产生。
先有技术中消除这样的涂污现象是在垂直CCD上形成由硅化物、金属等构成的光阻断膜，或利用一层一直延伸到栅电极水平表面的光阻断膜来阻断光，这样把由于多次反射造成的入射光减至最小。此外，还发展了一些防止载流子在垂直CCD的信号传输期间被输入垂直CCD的方法。这些方法是通过调节溢流漏电压（overflow drain voltage），或减少垂直CCD的传输时间，用帧嵌入（frame interline）传输方法来降低载流子到垂直CCD的输入时间。
然而，尽管上述常规的涂污抑制技术能降低涂污成分，但不能完全消除入射光非常强时的涂污噪声，因此不能获得高质量的图像。
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种消除CCD照相机中涂污成分的涂污消除方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供的消除CCD照像机中涂污噪声的方法包括下列步骤：
从一对CCD拾像装置输入各自的图像信号，这对CCD拾像装置沿相应的垂直CCDS的长度方向互相垂直地设置在一光学通路上;以及
通过比较相应象元的这对图像信号来消除涂污噪声。
下面将结合附图描述本发明，其中：
图1是一个普通CCD拾像装置的平面示意图;
图2是图1所示象元的剖面图;
图3是使用本发明的涂污消除法的CCD照相机的示意图;
图4A和4B是解释由图3的各CCD拾像装置获得的图像信号的示意图。
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的较佳实施例。
图3中，使用本发明的涂污消除法的CCD照相机包括设置在一个光学通路上的一对CCD拾像装置200和300，其中，CCD拾像装置200的多个垂直CCDS20设置得在长度方向上与另一个CCD拾像装置300垂直。这里，图像信息通过一棱镜（未示出）分别且相同地照射在CCD拾像装置200和300上。当装置200和300安装得在其垂直CCDS长度方向上互相垂直时，涂污噪声只在CCD拾像装置200的垂直CCD20的方向上由涂污产生机制产生，而在CCD拾像装置300的垂直CCD20的方向上产生的涂污噪声与CCD拾像装置200的有一90°的相位差。
这种涂污成分是如图4A和4B所示那样产生的。
图4A示出的是CCD拾像装置200产生的涂污成分，图4B示出的是CCD拾像装置300产生的涂污成分。这两个分别产生的涂污成分互相垂直，并被输入信号处理器400。
图3所示的信号处理器400比较各象元的一对CCD拾像装置200和300提供的图像信号，从而发现和消除涂污噪声。
如上所述，本发明将其相应的垂直CCD的长度方向互相垂直设置的一对CCD拾像装置的各图像信号作比较。在产生涂污噪声时即将其消除，从而获得没有涂污噪声的高质量的图像信号。
Claims (1)
1、电荷耦合器件(CCD)型照相机中消除涂污噪声的方法，包括下列步骤：
从一对CCD拾像装置输入各自的图像信号，这对CCD拾像装置沿相应的垂直CCDs的长度方向互相垂直地设置在一光学通路上；以及
通过比较相应象元的一对图像信号来消除涂污噪声。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019920015791A KR940005104A (ko) | 1992-08-31 | 1992-08-31 | Ccd형 카메라의 스미어 제거방법 |
| KR92-15791 | 1992-08-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1085373A true CN1085373A (zh) | 1994-04-13 |
Family
ID=19338820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93117244A Pending CN1085373A (zh) | 1992-08-31 | 1993-08-31 | 电荷耦合器件照相机中消除涂污的方法 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5528294A (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH06205303A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR940005104A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1085373A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE4329259A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19613394C1 (de) * | 1996-04-03 | 1997-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Bildaufnahmesystem und Verfahren zur Bildaufnahme |
| JP3481408B2 (ja) * | 1996-12-05 | 2003-12-22 | 日本電気株式会社 | 密着型カラーイメージセンサ、密着型カラーイメージセンサユニット、および密着型カラーイメージセンサの製造方法 |
| JP2000184282A (ja) * | 1998-12-15 | 2000-06-30 | Canon Inc | 撮像装置、撮像装置の駆動方法、画像処理方法、情報記録媒体、及び画像処理システム |
| US7812869B2 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2010-10-12 | Aptina Imaging Corporation | Configurable pixel array system and method |
| GB2475077B (en) | 2009-11-04 | 2015-07-22 | E2V Tech Uk Ltd | A Detector for Determining the Location of a Pulsed Laser Spot |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4481539A (en) * | 1981-03-10 | 1984-11-06 | Rca Corporation | Error correction arrangement for imagers |
| JPS5869173A (ja) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-04-25 | Ikegami Tsushinki Co Ltd | 二次元撮像装置 |
| GB2175396B (en) * | 1985-05-22 | 1989-06-28 | Filler Protection Developments | Apparatus for examining objects |
| JP2944122B2 (ja) * | 1990-01-31 | 1999-08-30 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 固体撮像素子 |
| JPH0481178A (ja) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-03-13 | Fujitsu Ltd | Ｉｒｃｃｄ検知器の直流オフセット補正方法 |
| JPH0496585A (ja) * | 1990-08-13 | 1992-03-27 | Brother Ind Ltd | 画像入力装置 |
| JPH05167931A (ja) * | 1991-12-17 | 1993-07-02 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像素子 |
-
1992
- 1992-08-31 KR KR1019920015791A patent/KR940005104A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1993
- 1993-08-31 DE DE4329259A patent/DE4329259A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-08-31 JP JP5215867A patent/JPH06205303A/ja active Pending
- 1993-08-31 CN CN93117244A patent/CN1085373A/zh active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-03-03 US US08/400,399 patent/US5528294A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR940005104A (ko) | 1994-03-16 |
| US5528294A (en) | 1996-06-18 |
| JPH06205303A (ja) | 1994-07-22 |
| DE4329259A1 (de) | 1994-03-03 |
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