CN108535725A - The microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband - Google Patents
The microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband Download PDFInfo
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- CN108535725A CN108535725A CN201810307441.4A CN201810307441A CN108535725A CN 108535725 A CN108535725 A CN 108535725A CN 201810307441 A CN201810307441 A CN 201810307441A CN 108535725 A CN108535725 A CN 108535725A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/0209—Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of microwave radiation detection methods in the one-dimensional real aperture in spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband, the present invention uses this microwave radiation Detection Techniques, by parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface real aperture radiation detection is realized in straight rail direction, realize that aperture synthesis detects in cross rail direction, it is synthesized by array beams and realizes cross rail electric scanning, straight rail scanning is realized by satellite motion, the two combines the mechanical scanning for avoiding large aperture antenna, it solves the problems, such as that unbalancing value compensation is difficult, extends instrument service life.The mechanical scanning of large aperture antenna is avoided for conventional two-dimensional reality aperture radiation Detection Techniques, array element number is greatly reduced for the radiation detection technology of conventional two-dimensional aperture synthesis, realizes the optimal compromise of large aperture antenna radiation detection technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave radiation detection methods in the one-dimensional real aperture in spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband.
Background technology
Microwave radiometry technology is used for measuring the highly sensitive receiving device of object microwave thermal radiation.Pass through different frequency range
Not like-polarized heat radiation data, can the temperature of inverting target, humidity, precipitation, the Liquid water content of cloud, cloud water phase state, land table
The information such as temperature, soil moisture, sea ice and covering, snow depth and snow-broth content.It is widely used in meteorology, ocean, territory money
Source, environment, astronomical observation and deep-space detection field.The development of satellite-borne microwave radiometer becomes it can be seen from development state abroad
Gesture is:1) develop to the integrated direction of multiband, multipolarization, realize to being observed while many reference amounts;2) to bigger day
Line bore direction is developed, and realizes higher spatial resolution.The greatest difficulty that the increase of antenna aperture is brought is large aperture antenna
Mechanical scanning is difficult to realize, and two-dimensional synthetic aperture radiation detection can be to avoid this difficulty, but the new problem drawn is array list
First number is very big, and if the GeoSTAR of U.S.'s beforehand research is up to hundreds of per frequency range number of unit, relative number is up to 100,000 magnitudes, because
This cannot achieve multiband, multipolarization integrative detection.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of microwave radiation spies in the one-dimensional real aperture in spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband
Survey method can avoid the mechanical scanning of large aperture antenna difficult, array element number is greatly reduced.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of microwave spoke in the one-dimensional real aperture in one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband
Detection method is penetrated, including:
Target acquisition is carried out by the way of the complex probe of cross rail detection and straight rail detection, wherein array beams synthesize
It realizes cross rail electric scanning, straight rail scanning is realized by satellite motion, target scene radiation signal is through parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface
It is received simultaneously by 3 winding displacement feed arrays after convergence, the array layout of the frequency range each detected meets UV visibility plane spaces
Sampling Theorem, the received signal obtain visibility function value, finally using the in-orbit multiple calculation process of alignment processing device
After the visibility function value is by the computer disposal of image reconstruction, the distribution of scene radiation brightness is obtained.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, the frequency range of the detection is from C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka waves
Section totally 5 frequency ranges.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, the feed array of the C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka wave bands
It is divided into 3 rows, feed array total number is 280.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, the feed array of the C-band is a row, and the feed array of X-band is one
Row, Ku wave bands, three frequency ranges of K-band and Ka wave bands feed array be a row.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, the C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to each frequency range of Ka wave bands
Band is wider than 400MHz.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, the cross rail detection uses aperture synthesis radiation detection, passes through 3 winding displacement
Property feed array realize electric scanning;The straight rail detection is detected using real aperture radiation, is realized and is scanned by satellite motion.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, the size of the parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface is 12m*10m, wherein 2m*
Deformation precision in the central areas 2m is more than 0.25mm.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, target is carried out by the way of the complex probe of cross rail detection and straight rail detection
Detection, wherein cross rail electric scanning is realized in array beams synthesis, and straight rail scanning, target scene radiation letter are realized by satellite motion
It number is received simultaneously by 3 winding displacement feed arrays after the convergence of parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface, the array cloth of the frequency range each detected
Office meets UV visibility plane space Sampling Theorems, and the received signal is answered using the in-orbit of alignment processing device at operation
Reason, obtains visibility function value, after the last visibility function value is by the computer disposal of image reconstruction, obtains scene radiation
Bright temperature distribution, including:
Step 1, target scene radiation signal is reflected by parabolic cylinder planar antenna reflective face, wherein straight rail direction carries out energy
Light path reflection is realized in amount convergence, cross rail direction;
Step 2, the feed array of the C-band of detection, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka wave bands totally 5 frequency ranges is divided into
The array layout of three rows, the frequency range each detected are satisfied by UV visibility plane space Sampling Theorems, while receiving parabolic cylinder
Shape antenna reflective face reflects signal, into respective receiver channel;
Step 3, signal amplifies through the receiver channel, filters and be divided into two-way after down coversion, is adopted all the way through high-speed AD
Into alignment processing between complex correlator progress two-by-two after the direct time sampling of storage, to export related coefficient;Another way is through detection
Integrating channel carries out square law detection and is sampled by preprocessor with after integral, with output power value;
Step 4, the related coefficient that the complex correlator exports is combined with the performance number that the detection integrating channel exports,
Anti-normalization processing is carried out, obtains visibility compound correlative function value, then by central processing unit 80 by the visibility multiple correlation letter
Numerical value carries out the computer disposal of image reconstruction after transmitting to ground after, the distribution of scene radiation brightness is obtained.
Compared with prior art, the present invention uses this microwave radiation Detection Techniques, is existed by parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface
Straight rail direction realizes that real aperture radiation detects, and realizes that aperture synthesis detects in cross rail direction, is synthesized by array beams and realize friendship
Rail electric scanning realizes that straight rail scanning, the two are combined the mechanical scanning for avoiding large aperture antenna, solved dynamic by satellite motion
The difficult problem of amount of unbalance compensation, extends instrument service life.Relative to conventional two-dimensional reality aperture radiation Detection Techniques
Speech avoids the mechanical scanning of large aperture antenna, is greatly reduced for the radiation detection technology of conventional two-dimensional aperture synthesis
Array element number realizes the optimal compromise of large aperture antenna radiation detection technology.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the microwave radiation detection schematic diagram in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the microwave radiation detection antenna feeder analogous diagram in the one-dimensional real aperture in dimension aperture synthesis of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the microwave radiation array layout in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband of one embodiment of the invention
Figure;
Fig. 4 is the radiation detection flow diagram in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the microwave radiation detection schematic diagram in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 2 is
The microwave radiation in the one-dimensional real aperture in dimension aperture synthesis of one embodiment of the invention detects antenna feeder analogous diagram.
The present invention provides a kind of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband, packet
It includes:
Target acquisition is carried out by the way of the complex probe of cross rail detection and straight rail detection, wherein array beams synthesize
It realizes cross rail electric scanning, straight rail scanning is realized by satellite motion, target scene radiation signal is through parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface
It is received simultaneously by 3 winding displacement feed arrays after convergence, the array layout of the frequency range each detected meets UV visibility plane spaces
Sampling Theorem, the received signal obtain visibility function value (complex phase using the in-orbit multiple calculation process of alignment processing device
Pass value), after the last visibility function value is by the computer disposal of image reconstruction, obtain the distribution of scene radiation brightness.
Here, the present invention detection frequency range from C-band to Ka wave bands (totally 5 frequency ranges), by parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface,
The groups such as linear feed array acceptor (3 rows, 3 frequency ranges of medium-high frequency are a row), associative processor and image reconstruction computer
At.
Straight rail scanning is realized by satellite motion in straight rail direction by parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface, realizes real aperture spoke
Penetrate detection;It is synthesized by array beams in cross rail direction and carries out cross rail electric scanning, realize aperture synthesis detection.
The present invention is synthesized by array beams and realizes cross rail electric scanning, and straight rail scanning, the two group are realized by satellite motion
The mechanical scanning for avoiding large aperture antenna is closed, solves the problems, such as that unbalancing value compensation is difficult, extends instrument and use the longevity
Life.The mechanical scanning that large aperture antenna is avoided for traditional real aperture radiation Detection Techniques, relative to conventional two-dimensional
Array element number is greatly reduced for the radiation detection technology of aperture synthesis, reduces computation complexity, realizes heavy caliber
The optimal compromise of aerial radiation Detection Techniques.The present invention has certain versatility, can be widely applied to all kinds of spaceborne heavy caliber days
Line is over the ground in radioactivity detection, identificationm, and computation.
In one embodiment of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband of the present invention,
The frequency range of the detection is from C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka wave bands totally 5 frequency ranges.
Here, system detects frequency range from C-band to Ka wave bands, totally 5 frequency ranges, by parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface, linear
The compositions such as feed array received, associative processor and image reconstruction computer.
In one embodiment of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband of the present invention,
The C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka wave bands feed array be divided into 3 rows, feed array total number is 280,
Realize that multiband detects simultaneously.
In one embodiment of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband of the present invention,
As shown in figure 3, the feed array of the C-band is a row, the feed array of X-band is a row, high frequency (Ku wave bands, K-band
With Ka wave bands) the feed arrays of three frequency ranges is a row.
In one embodiment of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband of the present invention,
The C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to each frequency range of Ka wave bands band be wider than 400MHz.
In one embodiment of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband of the present invention,
The cross rail detection uses aperture synthesis radiation detection, and electric scanning is realized by the 3 winding displacement feed array (receiving array);
The straight rail detection is detected using real aperture radiation, is realized and is scanned by satellite motion.
Here, the present invention realizes that real aperture radiation detects by parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface in straight rail direction, in cross rail
Realize aperture synthesis detection in direction.
In one embodiment of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband of the present invention,
The size of the parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface is 12m*10m, wherein deformation precision in the central areas 2m*2m is more than 0.25mm, energy
Enough while meeting straight rail reality aperture detection demand and cross rail aperture synthesis detection demand.
In one embodiment of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband of the present invention,
Target acquisition is carried out by the way of the complex probe of cross rail detection and straight rail detection, wherein cross rail is realized in array beams synthesis
Electric scanning realizes straight rail scanning by satellite motion, and target scene radiation signal is after the convergence of parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface by 3
Winding displacement feed array receives simultaneously, and the array layout of the frequency range each detected meets UV visibility plane space Sampling Theorems,
The received signal obtains visibility function value (complex correlation value), most using the in-orbit multiple calculation process of alignment processing device
After the visibility function value is by the computer disposal of image reconstruction afterwards, the distribution of scene radiation brightness is obtained, as shown in figure 4, packet
It includes:
Step 1, target scene radiation signal is reflected by parabolic cylinder planar antenna reflective face 10, wherein straight rail direction carries out
Light path reflection is realized in energy centralization, cross rail direction;
Step 2, the feed array 20 of the C-band of detection, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka wave bands totally 5 frequency ranges is divided
For three rows, the array layout of the frequency range each detected is satisfied by UV visibility plane space Sampling Theorem (aperture synthesis visibilities
The spatial sampling law of function), while receiving parabolic cylinder planar antenna reflective face 10 and reflecting signal, into respective receiver channel
30;
Step 3, signal is divided into two-way after the amplification of the receiver channel 30, filtering and down coversion, all the way through high-speed AD
The directly sampling (time sampling) of collector 40 enters alignment processing between the progress two-by-two of complex correlator 50 afterwards, to export related coefficient;
Another way carries out square law detection through detection integrating channel 60 and is sampled by preprocessor 70 with after integral, with output power value;
Step 4, the performance number related coefficient that the complex correlator 50 exports exported with the detection integrating channel 60
In conjunction with carrying out anti-normalization processing, obtain visibility function value (complex correlation value), then by central processing unit 80 by the visibility
Functional value carries out the computer disposal of image reconstruction after transmitting to ground after, the distribution of scene radiation brightness is obtained.
In conclusion the present invention uses this microwave radiation Detection Techniques, by parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface in straight rail side
To real aperture radiation detection is realized, realizes that aperture synthesis detects in cross rail direction, synthesized by array beams and realize that cross rail electricity is swept
It retouches, realizes that straight rail scanning, the two combine the mechanical scanning for avoiding large aperture antenna, solves unbalance dynamic by satellite motion
The difficult problem of amount compensation, extends instrument service life.It is avoided for conventional two-dimensional reality aperture radiation Detection Techniques
The mechanical scanning of large aperture antenna, for the radiation detection technology of conventional two-dimensional aperture synthesis is greatly reduced array list
First number realizes the optimal compromise of large aperture antenna radiation detection technology.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, just to refer each other for identical similar portion between each embodiment.
Professional further appreciates that, unit described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
And algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, in order to clearly demonstrate hardware and
The interchangeability of software generally describes each exemplary composition and step according to function in the above description.These
Function is implemented in hardware or software actually, depends on the specific application and design constraint of technical solution.Profession
Technical staff can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization is not answered
Think beyond the scope of this invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out invention spirit of the various modification and variations without departing from the present invention
And range.If in this way, these modifications and changes of the present invention belong to the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies range it
Interior, then the present invention is also intended to including these modification and variations.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband, which is characterized in that including:
Target acquisition is carried out by the way of the complex probe of cross rail detection and straight rail detection, wherein array beams synthesis is realized
Cross rail electric scanning realizes that straight rail scanning, target scene radiation signal are converged through parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface by satellite motion
It is received simultaneously by 3 winding displacement feed arrays afterwards, the array layout of the frequency range each detected meets the sampling of UV visibility plane spaces
Law, the received signal obtains visibility function value using the in-orbit multiple calculation process of alignment processing device, last described
After visibility function value is by the computer disposal of image reconstruction, the distribution of scene radiation brightness is obtained.
2. the microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the frequency range of the detection is from C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka wave bands totally 5 frequency ranges.
3. the microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband as claimed in claim 2,
Be characterized in that, the C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka wave bands feed array be divided into 3 rows, feed array total number
It is 280.
4. the microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband as claimed in claim 3,
It is characterized in that, the feed array of the C-band is a row, and the feed array of X-band is a row, Ku wave bands, K-band and Ka waves
The feed array of three frequency ranges of section is a row.
5. the microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband as claimed in claim 2,
Be characterized in that, the C-band, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to each frequency range of Ka wave bands band be wider than 400MHz.
6. the microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the cross rail detection uses aperture synthesis radiation detection, and electric scanning is realized by the 3 winding displacement feed array;
The straight rail detection is detected using real aperture radiation, is realized and is scanned by satellite motion.
7. the microwave radiation detection method in the one-dimensional real aperture in the spaceborne one-dimensional aperture synthesis of multiband as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the size of the parabolic-cylinder antenna reflecting surface is 12m*10m, wherein deformation precision in the central areas 2m*2m is more than
0.25mm。
8. the microwave radiation in the one-dimensional real aperture in the one-dimensional aperture synthesis of spaceborne multiband as described in any one of claim 1 to 7 is visited
Survey method, which is characterized in that carry out target acquisition by the way of the complex probe of cross rail detection and straight rail detection, wherein battle array
Row Beam synthesis realizes cross rail electric scanning, realizes straight rail scanning by satellite motion, target scene radiation signal is through parabolic cylinder
It is received simultaneously by 3 winding displacement feed arrays after antenna reflective face convergence, it is visual that the array layout of the frequency range each detected meets UV
Plane space Sampling Theorem is spent, the received signal obtains visibility using the in-orbit multiple calculation process of alignment processing device
Functional value after the last visibility function value is by the computer disposal of image reconstruction, obtains the distribution of scene radiation brightness, packet
It includes:
Step 1, target scene radiation signal is reflected by parabolic cylinder planar antenna reflective face, wherein straight rail direction carries out energy remittance
Poly-, light path reflection is realized in cross rail direction;
Step 2, the feed array of the C-band of detection, X-band, Ku wave bands, K-band to Ka wave bands totally 5 frequency ranges is divided into three
Row, the array layout of the frequency range each detected is satisfied by UV visibility plane space Sampling Theorems, while receiving parabolic cylinder planar
Antenna reflective face reflects signal, into respective receiver channel;
Step 3, signal amplifies through the receiver channel, filters and be divided into two-way after down coversion, all the way through high-speed AD acquisition device
Into alignment processing between complex correlator progress two-by-two after direct time sampling, to export related coefficient;Another way is integrated through detection
Channel carries out square law detection and is sampled by preprocessor with after integral, with output power value;
Step 4, the related coefficient that the complex correlator exports is combined with the performance number that the detection integrating channel exports, is carried out
Anti-normalization processing, obtains visibility compound correlative function value, then by central processing unit 80 by the visibility compound correlative function value
After the computer disposal for carrying out image reconstruction after transmitting to ground, the distribution of scene radiation brightness is obtained.
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PCT/CN2018/119568 WO2019196445A1 (en) | 2018-04-08 | 2018-12-06 | Satellite-borne multiband one-dimensional synthetic aperture and one-dimensional real aperture microwave radiation detection method |
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CN109541325B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-05-11 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Satellite-borne one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiation measurement system and measurement method |
CN109927938A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-06-25 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Stationary orbit reality aperture microwave sounding satellite configuration |
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CN110470678A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-19 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | A kind of satellite-borne microwave complex probe instrument |
CN115291218A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-11-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Homologous common-view multiband interference SAR test system |
CN115291218B (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Homologous common-view multiband interference SAR test system |
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