CN108535168A - A kind of small particle object condensation growth counter - Google Patents
A kind of small particle object condensation growth counter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108535168A CN108535168A CN201810201191.6A CN201810201191A CN108535168A CN 108535168 A CN108535168 A CN 108535168A CN 201810201191 A CN201810201191 A CN 201810201191A CN 108535168 A CN108535168 A CN 108535168A
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 cooling piece Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033077 cellular process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012358 sourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
-
- G01N2015/1022—
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers
- G01N2015/1486—Counting the particles
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of small particle objects to condense growth counter comprising:Separate system, filter device, vaporization chamber, thermal insulator, cooling piece, aerosol import and working solution retracting device, working solution recovery pump, working solution storage bottle, condensation chamber, pressure measuring unit, light scattering measurement instrument, metering hole, threeway, air pump, liquid feeding pump;The separate system entrance connects object to be sampled;Separate system outlet A is connect by hose with the filter device entrance;Filter device outlet is connect by hose with the vaporization chamber;Water-absorbent material is fixed in vaporization chamber middle cavity.Vaporization chamber and condensation chamber are become laid out in parallel from traditional axial arranging, efficiently use and save space, realize the miniaturization of instrument by the counter of the present invention using back type design is leaned against;Cooling piece is placed between vaporization chamber and condensation chamber, the heat that cooling piece is generated in process of refrigerastion is used for the heating of vaporization chamber, reduces the waste of heat dissipation, eliminates sending out the hot fan.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental monitoring technology fields, are related to a kind of small particle object condensation growth counter.Specifically,
It is that one kind is condensed by supersaturated vapour in surface particles, so that nano-scale particle is grown into micron dimension, recycle optics
The measuring instrument that counter counts particulate matter.
Background technology
In recent years, highlighting with China's haze pollution problem, people are also higher and higher to the attention rate of Atmospheric particulates.
China in 2012 is by PM2.5It is included in ambient air quality.PM2.5Definition be that equivalent aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to
2.5 microns of particulate matter, it can suspend in air for a long time, and enter human body with breathing, to generate danger to health
Evil.We are usually said PM2.5Concentration refers to particulate matter quality concentration.Nanoparticles refer to the particle that grain size is less than 100 nanometers
Object is also superfine particulate matter.Because of the volume very little of nanoparticles, it is not only easier to enter human body, damage with breathing
Hinder lung, also there is strong permeability, can enter in cell and interfere normal cellular processes.So with the surface area of particulate matter or
Person's population assesses its lesion capability to health, in contrast can be more more reliable than mass particle concentration.Early in 1996
Year, researchers find that the size of particulate matter is a prodigious determinant of their toxicity.In other words, even if receiving
The chemical constituent toxicity of rice grain object is not strong, can also make one illness.Moreover, even if in PM2.5In the case that concentration is very low, receive
The number concentration of rice grain object can also be very high, so nanoparticles are not with more concealment and true to the harm of health
It is qualitative.
Based on nanoparticles to the great influence of health and atmospheric environment etc., the Europe of implementation from September, 2011
Alliance's motor vehicle grain number new standard requires the instrument being detected to automotive emission, the counting to the particulate matter of 23nm
Efficiency should reach 50%.China is also reinforcing the attention of nanoparticles, in People's Republic of China's Environmental Protection Department 2013
Year September publication, implementation from 1 day January in 2018《Light-duty vehicle pollutant emission limit and measurement method (Chinese 5th rank
Section)》In, on the basis of mass particle (PM), the discharge index of one " number of particles " (PN) is increased newly, in conclusion to receiving
It is an important job that rice grain object, which count, and it is also ten to produce the corpuscular counter met needed for people's production and living
Divide necessary.
Particulate matter condensation growth counter (Condensation Particle Counters, CPC) is most commonly seen
Nanoparticles counting instruments.Its basic principle is:The oversaturated environment of working fluid is formed, aerosol to be measured is passed through it
In after by nonhomogen-ous nucleation effect make particulate matter condensation growth, after particle size reaches the lower limit of optical detection unit i.e.
It can be counted.
According to the difference for the method for forming supersaturated environments, CPC is broadly divided into two types:Mixed type CPC and laminar-type
CPC.Laminar-type CPC is the most commonly used, and since First commercial style laminar-flow type CPC (TSI 3020), Technical Sourcing Internation of the U.S. has developed
A series of commercial style CPC.A portion CPC is using alcohol as working fluid, and a part of CPC is using water as working fluid.TSI 3020
For type CPC using n-butanol as working fluid, sample gas flow is introduced into vaporization chamber, then enters condensation chamber with steam.
Stolzenburg&McMurry is improved on the basis of 3020 TSI, has developed 3025 type CPC of TSI, and on it
It uses the design for the sheath gas that Wilson et al. is created, i.e., so that aerosol to be measured is limited in the axis of condensation chamber with one air-flow
Line improves counting efficiency to reduce inlet loss.Above-mentioned condensation grows counter and uses half in the design of condensation chamber
Conductor cooling piece freezes.Since the back side will produce a large amount of heat to semiconductor chilling plate in efforts state, so its
Structure is required for huge radiating block and fan, causes overall structure huge in this way.In addition cooling piece heat dissipation can cause huge
Energy consumption.It is difficult to the requirement for meeting scientific research to its portability.
In the patent of invention that China has announced, patent publication No. is that the patent of CN107387500A is related to one kind for examining
The detecting system of particulate contaminants in fluid measured, the patent that patent publication No. is CN107576606A, which is related to a kind of probe, to divide
From airborne particle counter, patent publication No. is that the patent of CN107478556A is related to a kind of based on dustless vent design existing
Line dust particle monitors system.Although these patents of invention have the function of particle counting, it is only limitted to optical detection
The range that device can detect, i.e. micron particles object.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes that a kind of novel condensation for nanoparticles grows counter, overcome
Huge structure and the big disadvantage of energy consumption, realize its miniaturization.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of small particle object condensation growth counter, realizes particulate matter
Counting and instrument miniaturization, the application being suitable in the observation of the inner and outer field in laboratory.
A kind of small particle object condensation growth counter, including:Separate system 1, filter device 2, vaporization chamber 3, thermal insulator
8, cooling piece 9, aerosol import and working solution retracting device 10, working solution recovery pump 11, working solution storage bottle 12, condensation chamber
13, pressure measuring unit 15, light scattering measurement instrument 16, metering hole 17, threeway 18, air pump 19, liquid feeding pump 20;The separate system 1 enters
Mouth connects object to be sampled;Separate system 1 exports A and is connect with 2 entrance of the filter device by hose;Filter device 2 exports
It is connect with the vaporization chamber 3 by hose;Water-absorbent material 4 is fixed in 3 middle cavity of vaporization chamber, the water-absorbent material 4 is poly- third
There are 6 through-holes in alkene fiber, centre, are flowed through convenient for gas;The outlet of vaporization chamber 3 is connect with the thermal insulator 8;Thermal insulator 8 export with
The condensation chamber 13 connects;The entrance A of the aerosol import and working solution retracting device 10 exports B with separate system 1 and passes through
Hose connects;Aerosol import and working solution retracting device 10 export B and are connect with the working solution recovery pump 11 by hose;Work
Make liquid recovery pump 11 to connect with 12 entrance of working solution storage bottle by hose;Working solution storage bottle 12 outlet by hose with
The liquid feeding pump 20 connects;Liquid feeding pump 20 is connect by hose with the vaporization chamber inlet 5;Aerosol import and working solution return
Receiving apparatus 10 exports C and is connect with 13 entrance of condensation chamber;The outlet of condensation chamber 13 is connect with 16 entrance of light scattering measurement instrument;Light dissipates
The outlet of measuring instrument 16 is penetrated to connect with metering hole 17 by hose;Metering hole 17 is connect by hose with 18 interface A of the threeway;Three
Logical 18 interface B are connect by hose with the air pump 19;18 interface C of threeway is connect by hose with the pressure measuring unit 15;It surveys
Pressure device 15 is connect with vaporization chamber pressure measurement nozzle 7 and condensation chamber pressure measurement nozzle 14 respectively by hose;The vaporization chamber 3 and condensation
13 laid out in parallel of room, fixes cooling piece 9 between vaporization chamber and condensation chamber.
Wherein, for the vaporization chamber 3 as shown in Fig. 2, temperature sensor is placed in position 301, position 302 passes through screw thread and steaming
It sends out room inlet 5 to be connected, position 303 is connected by screw thread with temp probe 6, and position 304 is sprayed by screw thread and vaporization chamber pressure measurement
Mouth 7 is connected.
Thermal insulator 8 as shown in figure 3, its material be conductive plastics, working solution steam is delivered in condensation chamber.
Aerosol import and working solution retracting device 10 are as shown in figure 4, structure 1001 is the entrance A, with shunting system
1 outlet B of system is connected by hose;Structure 1002 is the outlet B, is connect with working solution recovery pump 11 by hose;Structure
1003 be the outlet C, is connect with 13 entrance of condensation chamber.
As shown in figure 5, position 1301 is for fixing cooling piece 9, position 1302 and thermal insulator 8 export to be connected condensation chamber 13,
Place temperature sensor in position 1303.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention provides a kind of small particle objects to condense growth counter, can be counted to the nanoparticles in air
Number.Advantages of the present invention is:Using back type design is leaned against, vaporization chamber and condensation chamber are become arranged side by side from traditional axial arranging
Arrangement, efficiently uses and saves space, realize the miniaturization of instrument;Cooling piece is placed between vaporization chamber and condensation chamber,
The heat that cooling piece is generated in process of refrigerastion is used for the heating of vaporization chamber, reduces the waste of heat dissipation, eliminates heat extraction
Fan.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is small particle object of the present invention condensation growth counter structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the vaporization chamber stereoscopic schematic diagram of counter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the thermal insulator stereoscopic schematic diagram of counter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is aerosol import and the working solution retracting device stereoscopic schematic diagram of counter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the condensation chamber of counter of the present invention.
In figure:
1- separate system 2- filter device 3- vaporization chambers
4- water-absorbent material 5- vaporization chamber inlet 6- temp probes
7- vaporization chamber pressure measurement nozzle 8- thermal insulator 9- cooling pieces
The import of 10- aerosols and working solution retracting device 11- working solution recovery pump 12- working solution storage bottles
13- condensation chamber 14- condensation chamber pressure measurement nozzle 15- pressure measuring units
16- light scattering measurement instrument 17- metering hole 18- threeways
19- air pump 20- liquid feeding pumps
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in more detail.
Air-flow to be measured initially enters separate system 1, and 80% (with volume flowmeter) therein removes contained through filter device 2
Particulate matter after enter and be fixed with the vaporization chamber 3 of water-absorbent material 4, the water-absorbent material is polypropylene fibre, centre have 6 it is logical
Hole is flowed through convenient for gas.Working solution at high temperature is evaporated to steam, enters condensation chamber 13 by thermal insulator 8 with air-flow, low
The supersaturated environments of working solution are formed under temperature.Other 20% (with volume flowmeter) directly passes through aerosol import in air-flow to be measured
And working solution retracting device 10 enters condensation chamber 13, working solution steam is condensed in surface particles under supersaturated environments, particle
Object moisture absorption is grown, and grain size is detected and counts after reaching the Monitoring lower-cut of light scattering measurement instrument 16.
Wherein, air flow rate is controlled by the control of metering hole 17 and pressure measuring unit 15.Its principle is:When by metering hole
After air velocity reaches the velocity of sound, then the pressure difference of its upstream and downstream is improved, air velocity will remain unchanged, and be still the velocity of sound, with this
Controllable gas flow.Pressure measuring unit 15 respectively with 17 downstream of vaporization chamber pressure measurement nozzle 7, condensation chamber pressure measurement nozzle 14 and metering hole
Threeway 18 be connected, to measure the pressure difference before and after metering hole 17, flow can be made to maintain after being larger than critical pressure differential
Definite value.
The level control of working solution passes through temp probe 6, aerosol import and working solution retracting device 10, work with recycling
Liquid recovery pump 11 and liquid feeding pump 20 are realized.Its principle is:Resistance of the temp probe 6 when on liquid level under liquid level is different, when
It then starts liquid feeding pump 20 on liquid level by computer intersection control routine, and working solution is made to enter vaporization chamber;When it is under liquid level
Then stop liquid feeding pump 20 by computer intersection control routine to run.The liquid condensed in condensation chamber along wall leave after by aerosol into
Mouth and working solution retracting device 10 recycle, into working solution storage bottle 12.Inspect periodically the amount of liquid in working solution storage bottle 12.
Vaporization chamber 3, condensation chamber 13 temperature by cooling piece 9 and be placed in vaporization chamber 3, the temperature sensor control on condensation chamber 13
System.Its principle is:Cooling piece 9 is semiconductor chilling plate, and another side is for radiating while refrigeration on one side.By the system of cooling piece 9
Huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) is affixed on condensation chamber 13, and radiating surface is affixed on vaporization chamber 3, while having reached the function of refrigeration and heating.Pass through vaporization chamber 3
With on condensation chamber 13 temperature sensor and intersection control routine control cooling piece 9 so as to both reach set temperature.It counts
Device is mechanically fixed entirely through screw, and air-tightness is ensured by the O-ring of junction.
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail in above-described embodiment.It is apparent that the present invention is not limited being retouched
The embodiment stated.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also make a variety of variations accordingly, but appoint
What is equal with the present invention or similar variation shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of small particle object condensation growth counter, which is characterized in that including:Separate system, filter device, vaporization chamber,
Thermal insulator, cooling piece, aerosol import and working solution retracting device, working solution recovery pump, working solution storage bottle, condensation chamber are surveyed
Pressure device, light scattering measurement instrument, metering hole, threeway, air pump, liquid feeding pump;The separate system entrance connects object to be sampled;Point
Streaming system outlet A is connect by hose with the filter device entrance;Filter device outlet is connected by hose and the vaporization chamber
It connects;Water-absorbent material is fixed in vaporization chamber middle cavity;Vaporization chamber outlet is connect with the thermal insulator;Thermal insulator export with it is described cold
Solidifying room connection;The entrance A of the aerosol import and working solution retracting device is connect with separate system outlet B by hose;Gas
Colloidal sol import and working solution retracting device outlet B are connect by hose with the working solution recovery pump;Working solution recovery pump passes through
Hose is connect with the working solution storage bottle entrance;The outlet of working solution storage bottle is connect by hose with the liquid feeding pump;Feed liquor
Pump is connect by hose with the vaporization chamber inlet;Aerosol import and working solution retracting device outlet C and condensation chamber inlet
Connection;Condensation chamber outlet is connect with the light scattering measurement instrument entrance;The outlet of light scattering measurement instrument is connected by hose and metering hole
It connects;Metering hole is connect by hose with the three-way interface A;Three-way interface B is connect by hose with the air pump;Three-way interface
C is connect by hose with the pressure measuring unit;Pressure measuring unit by hose respectively with vaporization chamber pressure measurement nozzle and condensation chamber pressure measurement
Nozzle connects;The vaporization chamber and condensation chamber laid out in parallel, fix cooling piece between vaporization chamber and condensation chamber.
2. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vaporization chamber carries temperature sensor, and passes through
Screw thread is connected with vaporization chamber inlet, is connected with temp probe by screw thread, is connected with vaporization chamber pressure measurement nozzle by screw thread.
3. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the thermal insulator is conductive plastics, by work
Make liquid steam to be delivered in condensation chamber.
4. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the condensation chamber is connected with thermal insulator outlet, and is carried
Temperature sensor.
5. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that under test gas is filled with the 80% of volume flowmeter through filtering
Set the vaporization chamber for entering after removing contained particulate matter and being fixed with water-absorbent material, remaining 20% directly by aerosol import and
Working solution retracting device enters condensation chamber.
6. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flow of under test gas passes through metering hole and pressure measuring unit
It is controlled.
7. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the level control of working solution is visited with recycling by temperature
Head, aerosol import and working solution retracting device, working solution recovery pump and liquid feeding pump are realized.
8. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vaporization chamber, condensation chamber temperature by cooling piece and
It is placed in vaporization chamber, the temperature sensor control on condensation chamber.
9. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the counter carries out machinery admittedly entirely through screw
It is fixed, and be sealed by the O-ring of junction.
10. counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water-absorbent material is polypropylene fibre, and centre has
6 through-holes, flow through convenient for gas.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201810201191.6A CN108535168B (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | Small particle condensation growth counter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201810201191.6A CN108535168B (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | Small particle condensation growth counter |
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CN108535168A true CN108535168A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
CN108535168B CN108535168B (en) | 2023-11-28 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109323976A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-12 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of condensation particle counter temperature control device |
CN110389150A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-29 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of measuring system of Atmospheric Ice Nuclei activation rate |
CN111122419A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Condensation particle counter |
CN113375994A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-10 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Layer flow type condensation nucleus aerosol particle growth device and growth method thereof |
US20220244209A1 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2022-08-04 | Tsi Incorporated | Wick fluid system |
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