CN108535126A - A kind of test model and test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation - Google Patents
A kind of test model and test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108535126A CN108535126A CN201810426793.1A CN201810426793A CN108535126A CN 108535126 A CN108535126 A CN 108535126A CN 201810426793 A CN201810426793 A CN 201810426793A CN 108535126 A CN108535126 A CN 108535126A
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- Prior art keywords
- gib
- capsule
- chamber
- country rock
- gypsum
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/313—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by explosives
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
Abstract
The present invention relates to subterranean body construction test field, the specifically a kind of test model and test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation.Experimental model includes country rock simulated block, through the gib capsule for being opened in country rock and simulating tunnels mimic chamber in the block and being arranged in tunnels mimic chamber, the position that tunnels mimic chamber wherein one end is corresponded on gib capsule is equipped with the port being connected to the intracapsular chamber of gib, injecting high pressure gas or water into gib capsule by port makes gib capsule expand, to be loaded from inside to country rock simulated block.In the present embodiment, it is equipped with the pressure gauge for measuring pressure in the intracapsular chamber of gib in port position, to carry out implementation monitoring to the load of the inside of country rock simulated block.It can solve the problem of test error and surrounding rock deterioration caused by the unexpected off-load of tunnel surrounding cannot be simulated caused by punching with loading sequence mistake in the prior art through the invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to subterranean body construction test field, specifically a kind of examination of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation
Test model and test method.
Background technology
With the fast development of traffic engineering, mining engineering, unit in charge of construction is frequently necessary to repair in buried subterranean body
The engineerings such as built tunnel, development blasting are the common methods of current tunnel excavation.During development blasting, tunnel surrounding quickly unloads
After load, stress release may cause tunnel perimeter wall rock loosening, rupture and landslide, and tunnel surrounding rate of debarkation is to destroyed area
Size have important influence.However underground engineering environment is complicated, there are all for the burst region and range of in-situ measurement country rock
More technical barriers, using the method for model test, by simulating the Blasting Excavation in tunnel to predict the bursting form and model of country rock
It is a kind of feasible method to enclose.
In the prior art, the method for deep rock mass tunnel model test generally use " first punching, rear to load ", this method
The disadvantage is that cannot correctly reflect the sequence of country rock load and tunnel excavation, the unexpected off-load that cannot especially simulate tunnel surrounding is drawn
The surrounding rock deterioration risen can not provide practice of construction accurate to cannot correctly reflect the burst region and range of tunnel surrounding
Reference.
Invention content
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of test model and test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation, existing to solve
In technology caused by punching with loading sequence mistake test error, and caused by the unexpected off-load of tunnel surrounding cannot be simulated
The problem of surrounding rock deterioration.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation
Test model, including using husky, cement and the mixed uniformly mixture country rock simulated block made of building of water, enclosing
Through tunnels mimic chamber is offered on rock simulated block, it is equipped in tunnels mimic chamber for being supported to tunnels mimic cavity wall
Gib capsule, the position that tunnels mimic chamber wherein one end is corresponded on gib capsule is equipped with and the intracapsular chamber of gib connects
Logical port.
Preferably, the country rock simulated block is cuboid, length or width direction of the tunnels mimic chamber along country rock simulated block
Distribution.
Preferably, it is equipped with the pressure gauge for measuring pressure in the intracapsular chamber of gib in the port.
A kind of test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation, includes the following steps：
1）, according to 8-12:2.5:1 mass ratio weighs husky, cement and water respectively, will be added after husky and cement uniform stirring
Water simultaneously is again stirring for that mixture uniformly is made；
2）, the die horizontal of open top placed, in a mold by step 1 by way of back-filling in layers and compacting）Middle system
Block base is made in the mixture obtained, will make the related mold plastic sealing pack of intact block base, after after 26-30 days curing periods, demoulds
Sampling obtains country rock simulated block；
3）, in step 2）In country rock simulated block on through opening up tunnels mimic chamber；
4）, according to step 3）The prefabricated gypsum to match with tunnels mimic chamber of shapes and sizes of middle opened up tunnels mimic chamber
Barred body brushes multiple white glue with vinyl repeatedly in the outer surface of gypsum barred body, and gypsum outer surface of rod is made to form one layer of cystic structures,
Exit port is modified in one end of cystic structures, breaks gypsum barred body into pieces and gypsum barred body disintegrating slag is discharged from port position, obtain and face
When supporting capsule；
5）, by step 4）In in gib capsule obtained matching merging tunnels mimic chamber, country rock simulated block is mounted on special
On three-dimensional loading equipemtn, uniform outside is carried out to six faces of country rock simulated block by the pressure head of special three-dimensional loading equipemtn and is added
Carry, at the same from port into gib intracapsular chamber gas injection or water with by the expansion of gib capsule to country rock simulated block
Uniformly internal load is carried out, and internal load and external load keep growing simultaneously, until stopping after reaching specified load outer
Portion loads and inside loads and steady load；
6）, puncture gib capsule quick pressure releasing with cone, realize the Blasting Excavation in simulation tunnel, will be enclosed first after pressure release
Rock simulated block is removed from special three-dimensional loading equipemtn, is then dug out gib capsule from tunnels mimic chamber, will finally be enclosed
Rock simulated block breaks and records the destroyed area and range of country rock simulated block.
Preferably, the step 4）It is middle prepare gib capsule method be：Gypsum barred body is connect with supporting rod first,
One end of supporting rod is vertical with the center of gypsum barred body one end to be fixed, and the other end is perpendicularly fixed at bottom surface；Then in gypsum
The outer surface of barred body and supporting rod brush multiple white glue with vinyl repeatedly close to one end of gypsum barred body, in gypsum outer surface of rod shape
At gib capsule main body, the port being connect with gib capsule main body is formed close to one end of gypsum barred body in supporting rod；Most
It breaks and removes gypsum barred body into pieces supporting rod afterwards, so that gypsum barred body disintegrating slag is gone out discharge from port, obtain gib capsule.
Advantageous effect
The present invention solves the test error caused by punching with loading sequence mistake in the prior art, and cannot simulate tunnel
Caused by the unexpected off-load of country rock the problem of surrounding rock deterioration.Test model punctures rear fast discharging using the gib capsule of high pressure
The characteristics of simulate the generation of tunnel blasting excavation, realize the Rapid Excavation of tunnel model under the conditions of three received strength, there is structure
Be simple and convenient to operate, on-explosive simulation Blasting Excavation, it is safe, easy to operate the advantages that.It, can be to examination when experiment
Model synchronous load in three directions is tested, the size that three directions are further applied load also can be independently adjusted, realize that different surrounding rock is answered
The experimental study of tunnel surrounding dynamic failure under the conditions of power.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three load stress diagrams of the country rock simulated block of the present invention during the test；
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal profile structure schematic of the country rock simulated block of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that gib capsule prepares schematic diagram in the present invention；
It is marked in figure：1, pressure gauge, 2, port, 3, country rock simulated block, 4, tunnels mimic chamber, 5, gib capsule, 6, gypsum stick
Body, 7, supporting rod.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the test model of a kind of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation of the invention, including country rock mould
Intend block 3, through the tunnels mimic chamber 4 being opened in country rock simulated block 3 and the gib capsule being arranged in tunnels mimic chamber 4
5, the position that the wherein one end of tunnels mimic chamber 4 is corresponded on gib capsule 5 is equipped with the port being connected to 5 inner cavity of gib capsule
2, injecting high pressure gas or water into gib capsule 5 by port 2 makes gib capsule 5 expand, to country rock simulated block 3
It is loaded from inside.In the present embodiment, the pressure for measuring pressure in 5 inner cavity of gib capsule is equipped in 2 position of port
Table 1, to carry out implementation monitoring to the load of the inside of country rock simulated block 3.
The shape of country rock simulated block 3 is cuboid, length or width direction point of the tunnels mimic chamber 4 along country rock simulated block 3
Cloth, country rock simulated block 3 are made up using husky, cement and the mixed uniformly mixture of water of building, husky, cement and water matter
Amount ratio is 8-12:2.5:1, when be modeled rock mass strength it is big when, husky accounting gets the small value, otherwise take large values.
A kind of test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1）, according to 8-12:2.5:1 mass ratio weighs husky, cement and water respectively, first passes through blender and stirs husky and cement
It mixes uniformly, water is then added into husky and cement and is again stirring for support mixture and is spare；
2）, the die horizontal of open top placed.Mold in the present embodiment is spelled using No. 45 steel plates of high intensity by bolt
Support is connect, mold includes bottom plate, front side board, back side panel, left plate and right plate, in bottom plate, front side board, back side panel, left side
Plate and the corresponding link position of right plate are respectively equipped with flange and bolt hole.In splicing, bottom plate is placed on level
On ground, installation left side side plate, and screw the connection bolt between side plate and bottom plate；Then, front and back side plate is installed respectively, is screwed
Connection bolt between front and back side plate and left side side plate and bottom plate；Finally, installation right side side plate, and be allowed to and front and back side plate and bottom
Plate securely connects.
After the completion of mold splices, in a mold by step 1 by way of back-filling in layers and compacting）In mixing obtained
Block base is made in material, will make the related mold plastic sealing pack of intact block base, and after after 26-30 days curing periods, demoulding sampling is made
Obtain country rock simulated block 3；
3）, in step 2）In country rock simulated block 3 on through opening up tunnels mimic chamber 4.Opening up tunnels mimic chamber 4 can adopt in the process
It is assisted with tools such as small-sized Luoyang Spades.
4）, prepare gib capsule 5：According to step 3）The shapes and sizes of middle opened up tunnels mimic chamber 4 it is prefabricated with
The gypsum barred body 6 that tunnels mimic chamber 4 matches keeps the shape of gypsum barred body 6 identical as tunnels mimic chamber 4, size and tunnel mould
Quasi- chamber 4 keeps the shapes and sizes for the gib capsule 5 prepared identical as tunnels mimic chamber 4 compared to smaller.First by gypsum
Barred body 6 and supporting rod 7 are coaxially connected, and supporting rod 7 is arranged perpendicular to ground, in one end and 6 one end of gypsum barred body of supporting rod 7
Heart position is vertically fixed, and the other end is perpendicularly fixed at bottom surface；Then in the outer surface of gypsum barred body 6 and supporting rod 7 close to stone
Multiple white glue with vinyl is brushed repeatedly in one end of cream barred body 6.There is certain intensity and elasticity after being air-dried due to white glue with vinyl, therefore can be in stone
6 outer surface of cream barred body forms 5 main body of gib capsule, is formed and gib capsule close to one end of gypsum barred body 6 in supporting rod 7
The port 2 of 5 main bodys connection；Gypsum barred body 6 is finally broken into pieces to and removed supporting rod 7,6 disintegrating slag of gypsum barred body is made to go out row from port 2
Go out, obtains gib capsule 5.Port 2 when preparing gib capsule 5 be used for assisted demoulding, during the test be used for
Pressure-air or water are passed through in gib capsule 5.
5）, by step 4）In in gib capsule 5 obtained matching merging tunnels mimic chamber 4, country rock simulated block 3 is installed
On special three-dimensional loading equipemtn, six faces of country rock simulated block 3 are carried out by the pressure head of special three-dimensional loading equipemtn uniform
External load, while from port 2 into 5 inner cavity of gib capsule gas injection or water to pass through the expansion of gib capsule 5
Uniform internal load is carried out to country rock simulated block 3, and internal load keeps growing simultaneously with external load, until reaching specified
Stop external load and internal load and steady load after load；
6）, puncture 5 quick pressure releasing of gib capsule with cone, realize the Blasting Excavation in simulation tunnel.It, can be three in the present embodiment
To special family in equipment and 2 position of corresponding ports country rock simulated block 3 side pressing plate on open up be connected to port 2 lead to
Hole, port 2 connect high-pressure air pipe or high-pressure water pipe by through-hole.In quick pressure releasing, steel cone can be stretched by the through-hole
Enter in country rock simulated block 3 to puncture gib capsule 5.
Country rock simulated block 3 is removed from special three-dimensional loading equipemtn first after pressure release, then by gib capsule 5
It is slowly dug out from tunnels mimic chamber 4, finally country rock simulated block 3 is broken and cleaned using handsaw and hairbrush, record country rock mould
The destroyed area and range of quasi- block 3 are provided by the destruction area and the supporting ranging from deep tunnel construction of country rock simulated block 3
Reference frame.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of test model of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation, it is characterised in that：Including uniform using husky, cement and water
Mixed mixture country rock simulated block made of building（3）, in country rock simulated block（3）Above run through and offers tunnels mimic chamber
（4）, in tunnels mimic chamber（4）In be equipped with for tunnels mimic chamber（4）The gib capsule that inner wall is supported（5）, facing
When supporting capsule（5）Upper corresponding tunnels mimic chamber（4）Wherein the position of one end is equipped with and gib capsule（5）The port of inner cavity connection
（2）.
2. a kind of test model of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to enclose
Rock simulated block（3）For cuboid, tunnels mimic chamber（4）Along country rock simulated block（3）Length or width direction distribution.
3. a kind of test model of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Port（2）Equipped with for measuring gib capsule（5）The pressure gauge of pressure in inner cavity（1）.
4. it is quick-fried that a kind of test model by simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation described in claim 1 carries out simulation deep tunnel
Break the test method of digging, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
1）, according to 8-12:2.5:1 mass ratio weighs husky, cement and water respectively, will be added after husky and cement uniform stirring
Water simultaneously is again stirring for that mixture uniformly is made；
2）, the die horizontal of open top placed, in a mold by step 1 by way of back-filling in layers and compacting）Middle system
Block base is made in the mixture obtained, will make the related mold plastic sealing pack of intact block base, after after 26-30 days curing periods, demoulds
Sampling obtains country rock simulated block（3）；
3）, in step 2）In country rock simulated block（3）Above run through and opens up tunnels mimic chamber（4）；
4）, according to step 3）Middle opened up tunnels mimic chamber（4）Shapes and sizes it is prefabricated with tunnels mimic chamber（4）Match
Gypsum barred body（6）, in gypsum barred body（6）Outer surface brush multiple white glue with vinyl repeatedly, make gypsum barred body（6）Outer surface is formed
One layer of cystic structures modify exit port in one end of cystic structures（2）, break gypsum barred body into pieces（6）And by gypsum barred body（6）Disintegrating slag
From port（2）Position is discharged, and obtains gib capsule（5）；
5）, by step 4）In gib capsule obtained（5）Matching merging tunnels mimic chamber（4）In, by country rock simulated block（3）Peace
On special three-dimensional loading equipemtn, by the pressure head of special three-dimensional loading equipemtn to country rock simulated block（3）Six faces carry out
Uniform external load, while by port（2）To gib capsule（5）Gas injection or water are to pass through gib capsule in inner cavity
（5）Expansion to country rock simulated block（3）Uniform internal load is carried out, and internal load keeps growing simultaneously with external load,
Until stopping external load and internal load simultaneously steady load after reaching specified load；
6）, gib capsule is punctured with cone（5）Quick pressure releasing realizes the Blasting Excavation in simulation tunnel, after pressure release first
By country rock simulated block（3）It is removed from special three-dimensional loading equipemtn, then by gib capsule（5）From tunnels mimic chamber（4）In
It digs out, finally by country rock simulated block（3）It breaks and records country rock simulated block（3）Destroyed area and range.
5. a kind of test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step
Rapid 4）Middle preparation gib capsule（5）Method be：First by gypsum barred body（6）With supporting rod（7）Connection, supporting rod（7）'s
One end and gypsum barred body（6）The center of one end is vertically fixed, and the other end is perpendicularly fixed at bottom surface；Then in gypsum barred body
（6）Outer surface and supporting rod（7）Close to gypsum barred body（6）One end brush multiple white glue with vinyl repeatedly, in gypsum barred body（6）
Outer surface forms gib capsule（5）Main body, in supporting rod（7）Close to gypsum barred body（6）One end formed with gib capsule
（5）The port of main body connection（2）；Finally by gypsum barred body（6）It breaks into pieces and removes supporting rod（7）, make gypsum barred body（6）Disintegrating slag from
Port（2）Go out discharge, obtains gib capsule（5）.
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| CN201810426793.1A CN108535126A (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | A kind of test model and test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation |
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| CN201810426793.1A CN108535126A (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | A kind of test model and test method of simulation deep tunnel Blasting Excavation |
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| CN108535126A true CN108535126A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111337644A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-26 | 三峡大学 | Tunnel step-by-step excavation simulation device and using method |
| CN112816332A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 长安大学 | Test method for simulating tunnel to penetrate through columnar jointed rock mass |
| CN113063890A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-02 | 山东科技大学 | Equivalent model for tunnel blasting excavation test and using method thereof |
| CN113189296A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-30 | 山东科技大学 | Pulse sound source and explosion noise testing device and method for simulating tunnel engineering explosion |
| CN113960696A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-21 | 山东大学 | Method for burying field bad geologic body by comprehensive geophysical prospecting and test method |
| CN114323983A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Load test device capable of providing lateral pressure |
| CN116482320A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-07-25 | 深圳市勘察研究院有限公司 | Tunnel water burst effect monitoring model test device and test method for groundwater environment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111337644A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-26 | 三峡大学 | Tunnel step-by-step excavation simulation device and using method |
| CN111337644B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 三峡大学 | Tunnel stepwise excavation analogue means |
| CN112816332A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 长安大学 | Test method for simulating tunnel to penetrate through columnar jointed rock mass |
| CN113063890A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-02 | 山东科技大学 | Equivalent model for tunnel blasting excavation test and using method thereof |
| CN113189296A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-30 | 山东科技大学 | Pulse sound source and explosion noise testing device and method for simulating tunnel engineering explosion |
| CN113960696A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-21 | 山东大学 | Method for burying field bad geologic body by comprehensive geophysical prospecting and test method |
| CN114323983A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Load test device capable of providing lateral pressure |
| CN116482320A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-07-25 | 深圳市勘察研究院有限公司 | Tunnel water burst effect monitoring model test device and test method for groundwater environment |
| CN116482320B (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-01-26 | 深圳市勘察研究院有限公司 | Tunnel water burst effect monitoring model test device and test method for groundwater environment |
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