CN108534619B - Soft foundation explosion method for treating sludge in deep foundation groove of large-section dike breakwater - Google Patents
Soft foundation explosion method for treating sludge in deep foundation groove of large-section dike breakwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN108534619B CN108534619B CN201711271385.5A CN201711271385A CN108534619B CN 108534619 B CN108534619 B CN 108534619B CN 201711271385 A CN201711271385 A CN 201711271385A CN 108534619 B CN108534619 B CN 108534619B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating sludge soft foundation of a large-section dyke breakwater deep foundation groove by a soft foundation explosion method. Prefabricating a narrow dike with the length of 30-50 meters, and blasting and filling the narrow dike into a sludge soft foundation of a deep foundation trench; distributing explosive on two sides of the narrow dike which is thrown and filled in place for lateral blasting, and supplementing and throwing stone materials for the narrow dike and heightening until a preset value H is met0The method comprises the following steps of distributing the chemicals on two sides of the dike body of the narrow dike, performing secondary side blasting on the dike body, widening the dike body towards two sides, repeating the step 3 until the design width value of the dike body is L, and repeating the steps to perform blasting and filling construction on the next section of the dike body until the whole dike body is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of blasting, and particularly relates to a method for treating soft foundations of large-section deep foundation grooves by a soft foundation explosion method, which is used for treating soft foundations of dikes, breakwaters, revetments and other projects.
Background
In regions with strong tidal current action, such as offshore shallow sea areas, estuaries, straits, water channel outlets and the like, tidal current erodes, carries and re-accumulates a large number of loose land-phase sediments on the bottom of continental rise, and forms a series of strip-shaped submarine topography extending hundreds of meters and thousands of meters, up to tens of meters and with alternate lands. The scouring of external forces such as ocean currents, tides, storm surge and the like and the sediment deposition carried by the external forces form a terrain with sand-silt-mud mixed phases. The new construction of the dike, the breakwater and other projects in offshore bank development projects in China often encounters the condition that the section is large, the silt soft foundation is deep and is positioned in a silt layer groove formed by tidal current scouring, and the soft foundation treatment in the foundation groove is called.
The technology for treating the underwater soft foundation by the blasting method is widely applied to projects such as harbor breakwaters, sea reclamation, bank protection and the like, and has remarkable advantages in the aspects of saving economy, ensuring safety and the like. However, in the soft foundation treatment in the foundation trench, especially in the soft foundation treatment of a large-section deep foundation trench, the traditional solution is to avoid the terrain in the early design link of the seawall construction or to use the traditional method to carry out large excavation on the silt layer foundation.
The construction application of treating the soft silt foundation at present is a method of explosion sludge squeezing displacement or directional slippage. However, for the complex and common seawall environment of the sludge soft foundation of the large-section deep foundation groove, the conventional explosion compaction construction process is difficult to meet the design requirement, or the replacement depth is not enough, the falling bottom of the embankment body does not meet the design requirement, or the falling bottom width of the embankment body platform is not enough, so that a new process technology is needed to solve the construction problem of the seawall for treating the sludge soft foundation of the large-section deep foundation groove.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a novel method for treating soft silt foundations in deep foundation grooves of large-section dykes of breakwaters by explosion, which is suitable for the soft silt foundations in the deep foundation grooves with the section width of a dyke body of more than 20 meters, the length of the dyke body of more than 30 meters, the axis of the dyke body perpendicular to or oblique to the axis of the foundation groove and the thickness of the silt of more than 10 meters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: soft foundation explosion method for treating sludge in deep foundation groove of large-section dike breakwater
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: prefabricating to form a narrow dike with the length of 30-50 meters, and blasting and filling the narrow dike into a sludge soft foundation of a deep foundation trench;
step 2: the narrow dike is subjected to stone supplement and throwing and heightened until a preset value H is metThickness of dike bodyDistributing explosive on two sides of the narrow dike which is thrown and filled in place for lateral explosion;
and step 3: widening the narrow dike stone material towards two sides, and distributing the explosive on two sides of the dike body of the narrow dike to perform secondary side explosion;
step 4, repeating the step 3 until the design width value of the dyke body is L;
and 5: and (5) repeating the steps 1-4 to carry out the throwing and filling construction of the next section of the embankment body until the whole embankment body is completed.
Further, the specific steps of step 1 are:
step 1.1: determining the width of the narrow dike, wherein the width is controlled to be 10-12 m;
step 1.2: determining the throwing filling elevation of the narrow dike, ensuring that the dike body does not fill water when high tide level is required to be met, ensuring that vehicles pass safely, ensuring that the top of the dike does not exceed the design elevation after explosion, and ensuring that the throwing filling elevation is 0.5m above the design high water level;
step 1.3: determining a throwing and filling rule of the narrow dike, wherein the throwing and filling rule is controlled to be 4-8 m;
further, the polishing height in the step 2 should meet the following conditions:
H1＋H2≥H0（1）
in the formula: h1The height of the riprap body above the mud surface; h2The height of the polishing is compensated; h0The height of the section of the dyke body is designed.
Further, in the step 3, the two sides are widened, the filling width is controlled to be 4-6m each time, and finally the overall filling width meets the following formula:
L1=L0–K1H1–A （2）
in the formula L1L for filling width0Is the platform width or the falling bottom width; h1The height of the riprap body above the mud surface; k1The slope ratio of riprap body above the mud surface, K1= 0.8-1.0; a is a correction value, A = 0-2;
further, the blasting parameter design in the invention should meet the following requirements:
(a) the linear drug quantity is calculated according to the following formula:
q'L=qoLHHN
HN= HM+HB
q 'in the formula'L-thread-laying dosage (kg/m);
qospecific charge (kg/m)3) Namely, the dosage required for exploding and removing the sludge in unit volume is 0.1-0.3 kg/m3；
LHThrowing and filling into a ruler, and taking 4-8 m;
HN-a burying depth (m);
HM-designing the displacement sludge thickness (m);
HB-sludge bale thickness (m).
(b) The dosage of the once blasting silt removal rock filling is calculated according to the following formula:
Q= q'LLL
q is the dosage (kg) of the one-time blasting silt removal and stone filling;
q'L-thread-laying dosage (kg/m), i.e. the amount of drug distributed per unit length of the cloth;
LLand the length (m) of a explosive wire for blasting, removing silt and filling stones.
(c) The single-hole dosage is calculated according to the following formula:
Q1= Q/m
m = LL/（a+1）
in the formula Q1-single-well dose (kg);
q-the dosage (kg) of the one-time blasting silt removal and stone filling;
m is the number of holes for distributing the medicine once;
LL-one-shot explosive wire length (m) for blasting, removing silt and filling stones;
a is the distance (m) between medicine bags, and is 4-6 m.
(d) The embedding depth of the medicine bag below the mud surface is 0.45-0.55HN。
The invention has the further improvement that the distance a between the explosive charges for explosive distribution in the step (1) is 4-6 m;
the invention has the further improvement that the spacing a between the explosive and the explosive for the side explosion in the steps (2) and (3) is 5 m;
the method has the beneficial effects that by adopting the technical scheme, the problem that the falling bottom depth or the falling bottom width of the underwater silt soft foundation blasting embankment body of the large-section deep foundation trench is insufficient can be effectively solved; the silt removing channel can be provided for the underwater silt soft foundation, and the problems that silt replacement of a large-section deep foundation trench is not thorough, the bottom of a dyke core stone cannot meet the design requirement and the like are effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a large-section deep trench soft foundation according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the explosive package when the narrow dike operation platform is filled and dumped.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the arrangement positions of the primary and secondary blasting cartridges.
FIG. 4: and circularly and laterally exploding to form a complete dyke body.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the following description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a method for treating sludge soft foundation of a deep foundation groove of a large-section dyke breakwater by using a soft foundation explosion method, which is particularly suitable for deep foundation groove sludge soft foundation explosion treatment construction in which the width of the section of a dyke body exceeds 20 meters, the length of the dyke body exceeds 30 meters, the axis of the dyke body is vertical to or obliquely crossed with the axis of the foundation groove, and the thickness of the sludge exceeds 10 meters; more specifically, the axis of the embankment body is vertical to the axis of the foundation trench, a soft silt foundation is arranged in the foundation trench, a silt layer is arranged outside the foundation trench, the width of the foundation trench is 80 meters, the thickness of the silt is about 32 meters, the designed falling bottom width of the embankment body is 87 meters, the designed top surface elevation is 7.8 meters, the mud surface elevation is-6.4, and the designed falling bottom elevation is-38 meters.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the method for treating the sludge soft foundation of the large-section deep foundation trench by the explosion method comprises the following steps: and (3) forming a narrow dike body by throwing and filling blasting, heightening two side explosions by replenishing and throwing the narrow dike, widening the two side explosions by replenishing and throwing the narrow dike, forming a dike body by circulating side explosions, and repeating the steps to finish the whole dike body.
A method for treating sludge in a deep foundation groove of a large-section dyke breakwater by a soft foundation explosion method,
step 1: prefabricating to form a narrow dike with the length of 30-50 meters, and blasting and filling the narrow dike into a sludge soft foundation of a deep foundation trench;
step 2: the narrow dike is subjected to stone supplement and throwing and heightened until a preset value H is metThickness of dike bodyDistributing explosive on two sides of the narrow dike which is thrown and filled in place for lateral explosion;
and step 3: widening the narrow dike stone material towards two sides, and distributing the explosive on two sides of the dike body of the narrow dike to perform secondary side explosion;
step 4, repeating the step 3 until the design width value of the dyke body is L;
and 5: and (5) repeating the steps 1-4 to carry out the throwing and filling construction of the next section of the embankment body until the whole embankment body is completed.
The specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
step 1.1: determining the width of the narrow dike, wherein the width is controlled to be 10-12 m;
step 1.2: determining the throwing filling elevation of the narrow dike, ensuring that the dike body does not fill water when high tide level is required to be met, ensuring that vehicles pass safely, ensuring that the top of the dike does not exceed the design elevation after explosion, and ensuring that the throwing filling elevation is 0.5m above the design high water level;
step 1.3, determining a filling and throwing footage of the narrow dike LH，LH=4-8m, and the thread medicine distribution quantity q' L, the medicine distribution quantity and the embedding depth H of the medicine package are determined according to the throwing and filling depthNDistributing the explosive and then blasting until a narrow dike of 30-50 meters is formed;
the polishing height in the step 2 should meet the following requirements:
H1＋H2≥H0（1）
in the formula: h1The height of the riprap body above the mud surface; h2The height of the polishing is compensated; h0The height of the section of the dyke body is designed.
In the step 3, the two sides are widened, the filling width is controlled to be 4-6m each time, and finally the whole filling width meets the following formula:
L1=L0–K1H1–A （2）
in the formula L1The width of the throwing filling;
L0is the platform width or the falling bottom width;
H1the height of the riprap body above the mud surface;
K1the slope ratio of riprap body above the mud surface, K1=0.8～1.0；
A is a correction value, and A = 0-2.
In the step 1.3:
first, the thread laying amount q 'is obtained by the following formula'L：
q'L=qoLHHN（3）
HN= HM+HB（4）
Q 'in the formula'L-thread-laying dosage (kg/m);
qospecific charge (kg/m)3) Namely, the dosage required for exploding and removing the sludge in unit volume is 0.1-0.3 kg/m3；
LHThrowing and filling into a ruler, and taking 4-8 m;
HN-a burying depth (m);
HM-designing the displacement sludge thickness (m);
HB-sludge bale thickness (m).
Secondly, according to the wire distribution dosage q'LSolving the dosage Q of the one-time blasting silt removal rock filling, and calculating according to the following formula:
Q= q'LLL（5）
q is the dosage (kg) of the one-time blasting silt removal and stone filling;
q'L-thread-laying dosage (kg/m), i.e. the amount of drug distributed per unit length of the cloth;
LLand the length (m) of a explosive wire for blasting, removing silt and filling stones.
Finally, the single-hole dosage is calculated according to the following formula:
Q1= Q/m
m = LL/（a+1）
in the formula Q1-single-well dose (kg);
q-the dosage (kg) of the one-time blasting silt removal and stone filling;
m is the number of holes for distributing the medicine once;
LL-one-shot explosive wire length (m) for blasting, removing silt and filling stones;
a is the distance (m) between medicine bags, and is 4-6 m.
The embedding depth of the medicine bag below the mud surface is 0.45-0.55HN。
And taking 5 meters of the space a between the explosive and the explosive for side blasting in the steps 2 and 3.
The method is suitable for the soft foundation of the deep foundation trench sludge with the section width of the embankment body more than 20 meters, the length of the embankment body more than 30 meters, the axis of the embankment body vertical or oblique crossing with the axis of the foundation trench and the thickness of the sludge more than 10 meters.
Example (b):
step 1: and (3) throwing, filling and blasting to form a narrow dike, firstly throwing a narrow dike forwards along the axis of the dike body, wherein the width of the dike body is 10m, the height of the dike body is 8m, and the throwing and filling depth is 8 m. The method is characterized in that a crawler crane is adopted to carry out vibroflotation type charging, 3 60kg explosive bags are arranged in front of the head of the dyke for each time, 2 60kg explosive bags are respectively arranged on two sides of the head of the dyke, the distance between the explosive bags is 4 meters, the total explosive amount is 420kg each time, and the dyke is formed by circular blasting propulsion.
Step 2: and (4) blasting the primary side, after the narrow dike is formed for 40 meters, additionally throwing and heightening the narrow dike, wherein the height is 8 meters. Two sides are respectively provided with 8 60kg medicine bags, the distance between the medicine bags is 5m, and the total medicine amount is 960 kg.
And step 3: secondary side blasting, narrow dike replenishing and throwing, widening at two sides by 4 meters and 8 meters in height, arranging 8 60kg medicine bags at two sides, wherein the space between the medicine bags is 5 meters, and the total dose is 960 kg.
And 4, step 4: and (5) circulating the step 2-3 until the design width of the dyke body is reached.
And 5: and (5) circulating the steps 1-4, and performing the next section of embankment body construction until the whole embankment body is completed.
Claims (5)
1. The soft foundation explosion method for treating sludge in the deep foundation groove of the large-section dyke breakwater is characterized in that,
step 1: prefabricating to form a narrow dike with the length of 30-50 meters, and blasting and filling the narrow dike into a sludge soft foundation of a deep foundation trench; the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
step 1.1: determining the width of the narrow dike, wherein the width is controlled to be 10-12 m;
step 1.2: determining the throwing filling elevation of the narrow dike, ensuring that the dike body does not fill water when high tide level is required to be met, ensuring that vehicles pass safely, ensuring that the top of the dike does not exceed the design elevation after explosion, and ensuring that the throwing filling elevation is 0.5m above the design high water level;
step 1.3, determining a filling and throwing footage of the narrow dike LH，LH=4-8m, and the thread medicine distribution quantity q' L, the medicine distribution quantity and the embedding depth H of the medicine package are determined according to the throwing and filling depthNDistributing the explosive and then blasting until a narrow dike of 30-50 meters is formed;
step 2: the narrow dike is subjected to stone supplement and throwing and heightened until a preset value H is metThickness of dike bodyDistributing explosive on two sides of the narrow dike which is thrown and filled in place for lateral explosion;
the polishing height should satisfy:
H1＋H2≥H0（1）
in the formula: h1The height of the riprap body above the mud surface; h2The height of the polishing is compensated; h0Designing the height of the cross section of the dike body;
and step 3: widening the narrow dike stone material towards two sides, and distributing the explosive on two sides of the dike body of the narrow dike to perform secondary side explosion;
step 4, repeating the step 3 until the design width value of the dyke body is L;
and 5: and (5) repeating the steps 1-4 to carry out the throwing and filling construction of the next section of the embankment body until the whole embankment body is completed.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the two sides are widened, the filling width is controlled to be 4-6m each time, and finally the whole filling width satisfies the following formula:
L1=L0–K1H1–A （2）
in the formula L1The width of the throwing filling;
L0is the platform width or the falling bottom width;
H1the height of the riprap body above the mud surface;
K1the slope ratio of riprap body above the mud surface, K1=0.8～1.0；
A is a correction value, and A = 0-2.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1.3:
first, the thread laying amount q 'is obtained by the following formula'L：
q'L=qoLHHN（3）
HN= HM+HB（4）
Q 'in the formula'L-thread-laying dosage (kg/m);
qospecific charge (kg/m)3) Namely, the dosage required for exploding and removing the sludge in unit volume is 0.1-0.3 kg/m3；
LHThrowing and filling into a ruler, and taking 4-8 m;
HN-a burying depth (m);
HM-designing the displacement sludge thickness (m);
HB-sludge bale thickness (m);
secondly, according to the wire distribution dosage q'LSolving the dosage Q of the one-time blasting silt removal rock filling, and calculating according to the following formula:
Q= q'LLL（5）
q is the dosage (kg) of the one-time blasting silt removal and stone filling;
q'L-thread-laying dosage (kg/m), i.e. the amount of drug distributed per unit length of the cloth;
LL-one-shot explosive wire length (m) for blasting, removing silt and filling stones;
finally, the single-hole dosage is calculated according to the following formula:
Q1= Q/m
m = LL/（a+1）
in the formula Q1-single-well dose (kg);
q-the dosage (kg) of the one-time blasting silt removal and stone filling;
m is the number of holes for distributing the medicine once;
LL-one-shot explosive wire length (m) for blasting, removing silt and filling stones;
a, taking 4-6m as the distance (m) between medicine bags;
the embedding depth of the medicine bag below the mud surface is 0.45-0.55HN。
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the distance a between the explosive charges of the side blasting in the steps 2 and 3 is 5 m.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is applied to a soft foundation of sludge in a deep foundation trench, wherein the section width of the dike body exceeds 20 m, the length of the dike body exceeds 30 m, the axis of the dike body is perpendicular or oblique to the axis of the foundation trench, and the thickness of the sludge exceeds 10 m.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1220332A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-06-23 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | 'Core covering' section embankment explosion method construction technology |
| CN102251516A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-11-23 | 北京中科力爆炸技术工程有限公司 | Water jackstone blasting mud displacement embanking method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1220332A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-06-23 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | 'Core covering' section embankment explosion method construction technology |
| CN102251516A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-11-23 | 北京中科力爆炸技术工程有限公司 | Water jackstone blasting mud displacement embanking method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 海岸堤防工程深厚淤泥层爆破挤淤法处治;童琪华;《上海国土资源》;20121230;第33卷(第4期);第48-51页 * |
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