CN108531405A - Promote the resistant to pollution complex enzyme of edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase and preparation method - Google Patents
Promote the resistant to pollution complex enzyme of edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of resistant to pollution complex enzyme of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase, the complex enzyme is made of the culture and lysozyme of aspergillus oryzae, and the component and constituent content for including in every gram of product of the complex enzyme are：10 1000IU of amylase, 10 20000IU of protease, 1 20IU of cellulase, 0.2 10000IU of lysozyme.The present invention uses the above-mentioned resistant to pollution complex enzyme of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase, steaming sterilization time can be shortened, sterilising temp is reduced, the growth of miscellaneous bacteria is significantly inhibited, shortens the Edible Fungi period, improve yield, the use for reducing dissipation drug, realizes the harmless production of green of edible mushroom, and significantly improves edible mushroom yield, reach energy-saving and production-increase antipollution, reduces coal fire discharged purpose.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible fungus fermented technical fields, more particularly to a kind of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase anti-pollution
The complex enzyme and preparation method of dye.
Background technology
Currently, edible fungus culturing is produced from small-scale peasant household to large-scale industrial production Model Transformation.Industry
Metaplasia production can fully meet the needs that modern society market is purchased on a large scale, and purchasing of raw materials cost and production can be greatly lowered
Product logistics cost, concentrates the management of side planning to be also beneficial to stabilization and the scientific and technological progress of product quality, and factory culture is development
Inexorable trend.
There is a series of technical barrier that Edible Fungi cost can be caused significantly to rise in batch production transformation process.It is main
Problem is wanted to show the following aspects：1, steaming overlong time：Edible fungus culturing material will lean on long steaming just to can guarantee thoroughly
Sterilization, the problem of bringing is high energy consumption, and equipment investment is big, and occupied ground is more, and corresponding equipment service efficiency is low；And when long
Between steaming can also have inhibiting effect to hyphal development.2, the bacterium germination time is long：Long-time bacterium germination increases great amount of cost, industrialization
Production maintains low temperature by refrigeration, meets edible fungi growth temperature needs, and energy consumption for cooling is very high, and mycelium growing period length can be made
It is excessively high at refrigeration cost, while prolonged bacterium germination also occupies a large amount of place equipment, occupies a large amount of fund, causes fund
Service efficiency is low, and financial cost is high.3, there is ample room for improvement for the raising of yield:Produce the Relative biological conversion ratio of edible mushroom
Between 60-120%, but average Absolute oral conversion ratio is not achieved 8%.Edible Fungi is with lignin, cellulose
Carbon source, and the cellulose and lignin summation accounting in sawdust are 60-80%, the biological transformation ratio for improving edible mushroom also has very greatly
Space.4, Fruiting quality is greatly improved space：Influence of the mushroom shape of edible mushroom to product price is very big, large-scale production
Edible mushroom collection not in time, be easy to cause parachute-opening, reduces the quality of product, price is caused significantly to decline.5, living contaminants
Control：Large-scale production site is industrialized to concentrate, bacteria stick quantity all in the millions, once massive pollution loss occurs can not
Estimate.
To solve these problems, some enterprises develop different types of product for different problems.Shorten sterilization time
Product with antipollution class is all the method for using addition fungicide, such as adds formaldehyde and chlorine dioxide class elimination agent, these
Method plays certain effect, but the problem of bringing is to cause to inhibit mycelia growth, also brings pesticide residue to edible mushroom.With
That market is food-safe increasingly to be paid attention to, this kind of product can be increasingly without market.In terms of volume increase, domestic and international researcher master
It takes and increases chemical nitrogen fertilizer to solve, but chemical fertilizer is excessively used and also has the risk for increasing fertilizer residue, it is in addition excessive to be added
Nitrogen can cause carbon-nitrogen ratio to change, and be not suitable for the growth and development of edible mushroom.
Edible Fungi will reduce cost and improve benefit, and develop to the organic low energy consumption direction of green, it is necessary to utilize
Modern biotechnology solves the problems, such as.Enzyme is the large biological molecule substance for having catalysis, what nature can not possibly much occur
Reaction may all realize that enzyme is the presence to sustain life and operating core substance, all biology metabolism under the action of enzyme
The synthetic reaction of process generation, decomposition reaction, conversion reaction are required for the effect of enzyme that could complete, do not have without enzyme lived
In the presence of.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of resistant to pollution complex enzyme of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase and preparation method,
The growth of miscellaneous bacteria is significantly inhibited, the use of dissipation drug is reduced, the harmless production of green of edible mushroom is realized, shortens the steaming time,
Bacterium germination speed is improved, edible mushroom yield is improved.
To achieve the above object, the resistant to pollution complex enzyme of a kind of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase, the complex enzyme by
Aspergillus oryzae culture and lysozyme form, and the component and constituent content for including in every gram of product of the complex enzyme are：Amylase 10-
1000IU, protease 10-20000IU, cellulase 1-20IU, lysozyme 0.2-10000IU.
Preferably, the component and constituent content for including in every gram of product of the complex enzyme be：Amylase 10-500 IU, egg
White enzyme 10-5000IU, cellulase 1-15IU, lysozyme 0.2-2000IU.
Promote the resistant to pollution complex enzyme preparation method of edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase, steps are as follows：
(1) first class inoculum culture：Under sterile working, picking aspergillus oryzae is linked into the culture vessel equipped with culture medium,
Seed culture is carried out, first class inoculum is obtained；
(2) second class inoculum culture：Under sterile working, first class inoculum prepared by inoculation step (1) is linked into equipped with culture
In the culture vessel of base, seed culture is carried out, obtains second class inoculum；
(3) koji culture：Under sterile working, in the wooden box culture vessel added with culture medium prepared by inoculation step (2)
Second class inoculum, be made koji；
(4) solid fermentation culture：Under sterile working, koji prepared by step (3) is inoculated into solid fermentation culture medium
On cultivated, ventilating fermentation 16h-36h, through chemical examination detection maturation reach standard after, drying and crushing obtains fermentation material；
(5) after the fermentation material drying and crushing for obtaining step (4), lysozyme and auxiliary material is added to obtain the final product.
Preferably, it is 1 in mass ratio that the culture medium for cultivating aspergillus oryzae, which is wheat bran and water,:The mixture of 0.8 composition, training
It supports after base is packed into culture vessel and seals, be transferred to 121 DEG C and sterilize 1 hour, be cooled to room temperature spare.
Preferably, second class inoculum amount, the step (4) of the aspergillus oryzae amount, step (3) access that are accessed in step (1) access
Koji amount is to access the 0.1-10% of culture medium quality.
Preferably, the solid fermentation culture medium is plant protein material and distilled water in mass ratio 2:1-1:1 ratio
The solid fermentation culture medium is transferred to 121 DEG C and sterilized 1 hour, used after cooling by the mixture that example weighs；
The plant protein material is the mixing of one or more of Soybean Meal, zein, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal
Object.
Preferably, it is CICC that the aspergillus oryzae, which is the deposit number of Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center,
2339 strain.
A kind of application method promoting edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase antipollution complex enzyme, steps are as follows：
(1) complex enzyme is mixed into dispensing, the quality that complex enzyme is added is the 2 ‰ -3 ‰ of dispensing quality, the dispensing
For edible fungi raw materials；
Edible fungi raw materials are one or more in sawdust, cotton seed hull, corncob, wheat bran, sugarcane bagasse, stalk.
(2) mixture for obtaining step (1) carries out steaming sterilizing, after being cooled to room temperature, you can uses；, steaming sterilizing
Including normal pressure steaming and high pressure steaming, the normal pressure steaming is by the bacteria stick 95 DEG C of -105 DEG C of sterilizings, 3 hours bored, pots 6 hours
More than；The high pressure steaming is 110 DEG C and sterilizes 2 hours.
Enzyme activity unit IU is defined as being catalyzed the enzyme amount of 1umol substrates conversion in 1 minute in the present invention.
Enzyme activity is detected using conventional enzyme activity detection method in the present invention.
Therefore, the present invention resistant to pollution complex enzyme of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase using the above structure and preparation side
Method, the technical barrier of Edible Fungi is solved using modern enzyme engineering technology, and core is decomposed using complex enzyme in raw material
Macromolecular substances activate the activity of enzyme in hypha of edible fungus body, accelerate the decomposition of raw material, improve the speed of growth of mycelia；Meanwhile
Utilize lysozyme living contaminants.
Complex enzyme is generated using microbial fermentation and acts on raw material, can improve the cellulase, wooden of hypha of edible fungus
The enzymatic activity of plain enzyme, protease improves the ability of edible mushroom decomposition of cellulose, lignin, improves the energy of protein breakdown and synthesis
Power accelerates the decomposition of raw material, improves the utilization rate of raw material, and then reaches and improve mycelial growth rate and improve biological transformation ratio
Effect.
The eucaryotic cell structure of miscellaneous bacteria is destroyed using lysozyme, realizes that the low-heat short time thoroughly sterilizes；What microbial fermentation generated
Peptides can improve the antibacterial activity of hypha of edible fungus, the growth for significantly inhibiting miscellaneous bacteria be will produce in growth course, in bacteria stick
In can reduce dissipation drug, or even completely remove the use of dissipation drug, realize the harmless production of green of edible mushroom.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1, steaming is fast：Significantly shorten sterilization time, reduces sterilising temp；Temperature reaches 95 degree and only needs 3-6 small in bacteria stick
When thorough sterilizing can be realized；Artificial, energy saving, reduction discharge can be saved；Steaming equipment service efficiency is significantly improved, is carried
High yield.
2, antipollution：Pollution in wide area caused by preventing steaming improper improves the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of edible mushroom；In identical life
Can edible mushroom drop be polluted under the conditions of production to be several times lower than to tens times.
3, bacterium germination is fast：Significantly shorten the bacterium germination time, the temperature range of bacterium germination and fruiting is big, can shift to an earlier date 15 days to 30 days and go out
Mushroom.
4, mushroom high yield：20% or more the yield of mushroom can be improved in yield, and highest can be improved 100%.
5, mushroom matter is good：This product does not use fertilizer and pesticide hormone, and the edible mushroom of production reaches nuisanceless standard, the shape of mushroom
It is good, it is in good taste, it is not easy parachute-opening, it is not easy to crack.
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiments of the present invention are described further below.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of resistant to pollution complex enzyme of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase, complex enzyme is by aspergillus oryzae culture and lysozyme
Composition, aspergillus oryzae is that the deposit number of Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center is the strain of CICC 2339.It is compound
The component and constituent content for including in every gram of product of enzyme be：Amylase 900 IU, protease 15000IU, cellulase 20IU are molten
Bacterium enzyme 500IU.
Culture medium for cultivating aspergillus oryzae is that wheat bran and water are 1 in mass ratio:The mixture of 0.8 composition, culture medium dress
It is sealed after entering culture vessel, is transferred to 121 DEG C and sterilizes 1 hour, be cooled to room temperature spare.
Comprising amylase, protease, cellulase, lysozyme in compound enzyme product, constituent content is the system of complex enzyme
Preparation Method, steps are as follows：
(1) first class inoculum culture：Under sterile working, picking aspergillus oryzae is linked into the culture vessel equipped with culture medium,
Seed culture is carried out, first class inoculum is obtained；
The aspergillus oryzae amount accessed in step (1) is to access the 0.1-10% of culture medium quality.
(2) second class inoculum culture：Under sterile working, first class inoculum prepared by inoculation step (1) is linked into equipped with culture
In the culture vessel of base, seed culture is carried out, obtains second class inoculum；
(3) koji culture：Under sterile working, in the wooden box culture vessel added with culture medium prepared by inoculation step (2)
Second class inoculum, be made koji；
The second class inoculum amount of step (3) access is to access the 0.1-10% of culture medium quality.
(4) solid fermentation culture：Under sterile working, koji prepared by step (3) is inoculated into solid fermentation culture medium
On cultivated, ventilating fermentation 16h-36h, through chemical examination detection maturation reach standard after, drying and crushing obtains fermentation material；
The koji amount of step (4) access is to access the 0.1-10% of culture medium quality.
Solid fermentation culture medium is plant protein material and distilled water in mass ratio 2:1-1:The mixing that 1 ratio weighs
Solid fermentation culture medium is transferred to 121 DEG C and sterilized 1 hour, used after cooling by object；
Plant protein material is the mixture of one or more of Soybean Meal, zein, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal.
(5) after the fermentation material drying and crushing for obtaining step (4), lysozyme and auxiliary material is added to obtain the final product.
A kind of application method promoting edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase antipollution complex enzyme, steps are as follows：
(1) complex enzyme is mixed into dispensing, the quality that complex enzyme is added is the 2 ‰ -3 ‰ of dispensing quality, and dispensing is food
With bacterium raw material；
Edible fungi raw materials are one or more in sawdust, cotton seed hull, corncob, wheat bran, sugarcane bagasse, stalk.
(2) mixture for obtaining step (1) carries out steaming sterilizing, after being cooled to room temperature, you can uses；, steaming sterilizing
Including normal pressure steaming and high pressure steaming, normal pressure steaming is the sterilizing 3 hours of -105 DEG C of 95 DEG C of bacteria stick is bored, pot 6 hours or more；High pressure
Steaming is 110 DEG C and sterilizes 2 hours.
In use, after complex enzyme to be dissolved in pure water to dispersion, then it is thoroughly mixed uniformly with feedstuff, it is ensured that
The active ingredient and material substantially uniformity of complex enzyme contact；When detecting temperature, linear thermometer is used, is selected at steaming dead angle
It selects a material bag (bottle) and is inserted into thermometer probe, temperature display gauge outfit is guided to steaming stock pot or steaming out-pile is observed；According to steaming
Equipment and steaming mode are different, and the speed of material heating is also different, calculate the time and are subject to material temperature and reach requirement.
The raw materials for production of edible mushroom are carried out predecomposition by the present invention using zymotechnic, improve utilization of the edible mushroom to raw material
Rate is improved edible mushroom to the transformation efficiency of raw material, the cell of miscellaneous bacteria can be destroyed using lysozyme to promote mycelia to grow
Wall, the miscellaneous bacteria for being and spore gemma etc. are to thermo-responsive, so as to reach at relatively low temperatures in the shorter time
Sterilization effect, to reduce sterilizing cost.Cellulase can carry out decomposed to cellulose, and amylase can be with starch-splitting
Glucose is released, the speed of growth of hypha of edible fungus is improved.When the hypha of edible fungus speed of growth can shorten bacterium germination after improving
Between, so as to reduce the chance of living contaminants, while mycelia grows the vigorous resistance that can also improve to miscellaneous bacteria, miscellaneous to reduce
The pollution of bacterium.The complex enzyme of the present invention can be fermented with aspergillus to be generated, and can also be compounded with various monomeric enzymes.
Embodiment 2：
The component and constituent content for including in every gram of product of complex enzyme be：Amylase 490IU, protease 4480IU, fiber
Plain enzyme 10IU, lysozyme 50IU.
The preparation method of complex enzyme and the application method of complex enzyme are the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3：
The component and constituent content for including in every gram of product of complex enzyme be：Amylase 10IU, 10 IU of protease, cellulose
Enzyme 4IU, lysozyme 2IU.
The preparation method of complex enzyme and the application method of complex enzyme are the same as embodiment 1.
Therefore, the present invention resistant to pollution complex enzyme of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase using the above structure and preparation side
Method significantly inhibits the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, reduces the use of dissipation drug, realizes the harmless production of green of edible mushroom.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than is limited,
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
Technical scheme of the present invention can be so modified or replaced equivalently, and these modifications or equivalent replacement cannot also make to repair
Technical solution after changing is detached from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of resistant to pollution complex enzyme of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase, it is characterised in that：The complex enzyme is by aspergillus oryzae
Culture and lysozyme form, and the component and constituent content for including in every gram of product of the complex enzyme are：Amylase 10-
1000IU, protease 10-20000IU, cellulase 1-20IU, lysozyme 0.2-10000IU.
2. a kind of resistant to pollution complex enzyme of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The component and constituent content for including in every gram of product of the complex enzyme be：Amylase 10-500IU, protease 10-5000IU, it is fine
The plain enzyme 1-15IU, lysozyme 0.2-2000IU of dimension.
3. a kind of promotion resistant to pollution complex enzyme preparation method of edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase as described in claim 1, special
Sign is that steps are as follows：
(1) first class inoculum culture：Under sterile working, picking aspergillus oryzae is linked into the culture vessel equipped with culture medium, is carried out
Seed culture obtains first class inoculum；
(2) second class inoculum culture：Under sterile working, first class inoculum prepared by inoculation step (1) is linked into equipped with culture medium
In culture vessel, seed culture is carried out, obtains second class inoculum；
(3) koji culture：Under sterile working, the two of inoculation step (2) preparation in the wooden box culture vessel added with culture medium
Grade strain, is made koji；
(4) solid fermentation culture：Under sterile working, it is enterprising that koji prepared by step (3) is inoculated into solid fermentation culture medium
Row culture, ventilating fermentation 16h-36h, after chemical examination detection maturation reaches standard, drying and crushing obtains fermentation material；
(5) after the fermentation material drying and crushing for obtaining step (4), lysozyme and auxiliary material is added to obtain the final product.
4. a kind of complex enzyme preparation method for promoting to grow using bacterium according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：With
It is the mixture that wheat bran and water are 1: 0.8 composition in mass ratio in the culture medium of culture aspergillus oryzae, culture medium is packed into culture vessel
After seal, be transferred to 121 DEG C sterilize 1 hour, be cooled to room temperature spare.
5. the resistant to pollution complex enzyme preparation side of one kind promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that：The second class inoculum amount of the aspergillus oryzae amount, step (3) access that are accessed in step (1), the kind of step (4) access
Song amount is to access the 0.1-10% of culture medium quality.
6. the resistant to pollution complex enzyme preparation side of one kind promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that：The solid fermentation culture medium is plant protein material and distilled water 2: 1-1: 1 ratio in mass ratio
The solid fermentation culture medium is transferred to 121 DEG C and sterilized 1 hour, used after cooling by the mixture of weighing；
The plant protein material is the mixture of one or more of Soybean Meal, zein, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal.
7. a kind of resistant to pollution complex enzyme preparation method of promotion edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that：The aspergillus oryzae is that the deposit number of Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center is the bacterium of CICC 2339
Kind.
8. a kind of application method promoting edible fungus culturing energy-saving and production-increase antipollution complex enzyme as described in claim 1, special
Sign is that steps are as follows：
(1) complex enzyme is mixed into dispensing, the quality that complex enzyme is added is the 2 ‰ -3 ‰ of dispensing quality, and the dispensing is food
With bacterium raw material；
Edible fungi raw materials are one or more in sawdust, cotton seed hull, corncob, wheat bran, sugarcane bagasse, stalk；
(2) mixture for obtaining step (1) carries out steaming sterilizing, after being cooled to room temperature, you can uses；
Steaming sterilizing includes normal pressure steaming and high pressure steaming, and the normal pressure steaming is that 95 DEG C of -105 DEG C of sterilizings 3 of the bacteria stick are small
When bored, pot 6 hours or more；The high pressure steaming is 110 DEG C and sterilizes 2 hours.
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| CN110122188A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Edible mushroom cultivation nutrition promotor and its application |
| CN110122188B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-10-01 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Edible fungus cultivation nutrition promoter and application thereof |
| CN112021076A (en) * | 2020-09-26 | 2020-12-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Edible fungus growth promoter and preparation method thereof |
| CN113151228A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-23 | 李明达 | Complex enzyme preparation for killing viruses and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113796263A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-17 | 贵州大秦农业科技有限公司 | Large-scale cultivation method of velvet antler mushroom |
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