CN108531277B - 一种发动机润滑油复合添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种发动机润滑油复合添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108531277B
CN108531277B CN201810584383.XA CN201810584383A CN108531277B CN 108531277 B CN108531277 B CN 108531277B CN 201810584383 A CN201810584383 A CN 201810584383A CN 108531277 B CN108531277 B CN 108531277B
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韩福龙
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种发动机润滑油复合添加剂及其制备方法,它是由以下重量组分的原料混合而成:聚异戊二烯1~20份,聚苯乙烯1~10份,2‑甲基‑1,3‑丁二烯1~10份,石墨烯1~5份,三氧化二锑1~5份,氧化铕1~5份,碳酸钙1~5份。将复合添加剂添加到发动机基础油中,解决了石墨烯在润滑油中的分散性和抗沉淀问题,使发动机润滑油在发动机内表面形成稳定的油膜,提高了提高发动机的抗磨损性能、降低发动机的噪音、抑制了油泥的产生等。

Description

一种发动机润滑油复合添加剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种润滑油技术领域。具体地说是石墨烯作为发动机润滑油复合添加剂。
背景技术
发动机在运转时,如果一些摩擦部位得不到适当的润滑,就会产生干摩擦。干摩擦在短时间内产生的热量足以使金属熔化,造成机件的损坏甚至卡死,导致许多漏水或漏油的汽车出现拉缸、抱轴等故障。因此,必须对发动机中的摩擦部位给予良好的润滑。当润滑油流到摩擦部位后,就会粘附在摩擦表面上形成一层油膜,减少摩擦机件之间的阻力,而油膜的强度和韧性是发挥其润滑作用的关键。
早在20世纪80年代初期,Hisakado等发现将二硫化钼和石墨分散在基础油中可改善减摩抗磨性能。纳米金属微粒作为润滑油添加剂也可改善润滑油的极压抗磨性能,其摩擦学机理主要有两方面:其一,金属微粒可以被看做“微轴承”,将滑动摩擦转化为滚动摩擦;其二,金属微粒可以填充于摩擦副的表面损伤部分,起到修补作用。碳纳米材料中的纳米金刚石和碳纳米管作为润滑油添加剂可以避免摩擦副直接接触,改善润滑油的减摩抗磨性能。
石墨烯作为只有一个碳原子厚度的二维材料,它是目前发现的厚度最薄、强度最大、韧性最好、重量最轻、透光率最高、导电导热性能最强,但是将石墨烯应用于润滑油中仍存在诸多问题,石墨烯在润滑油中的分散性和抗沉淀问题导致润滑油在发动机摩擦表面形成的油膜强度和韧性不足。因此,克服石墨烯在润滑油中的分散性和抗沉淀问题是目前亟待要解决的技术瓶颈。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种石墨烯发动机润滑油复合添加剂及其制备方法。本发明的另一目的是该复合添加剂在所有发动机润滑油中的应用。
本发明的解决方案是基于石墨烯二维材料具有韧性好、重量轻的特点,通过复合添加剂中加入聚异戊二烯,使石墨烯与聚异戊二烯形成络合后充分提高了石墨烯在液体中的分散性和抗沉淀性,同时添加聚苯乙烯和2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯调节复合添加剂的粘结性,加入氧化铕和三氧化锑能进一步强化该添加剂制备润滑油后,在其使用过程中于发动机摩擦表面形成稳定的油膜,增强该油膜的韧性。
本发明制备的发动机润滑油复合添加剂由以下重量组分的原料构成:
聚异戊二烯1~20份,
聚苯乙烯1~10份,
3-甲基-1,3-丁二烯1~10份,
石墨烯1~5份,
三氧化二锑1~5份,
氧化铕1~5份,
钙1~5份。
其中优选聚异戊二烯8~10份,
聚苯乙烯3~5份,
2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯3~5份,
石墨烯2~4份,
三氧化二锑2~4份,
氧化铕2~4份,
碳酸钙2~4份。
优选的,还包括无灰分散剂1~5份,其中无灰分散剂为T154A或T165A中的一种或两种。
优选的,将上述重量配比的原料在室温下充分搅拌2~24h制得复合添加剂。
优选的,本发明复合添加剂于发动机润滑基础油按重量比1~3:100混合均匀,获得一种新型的发动机润滑油。
优选的,发动机润滑基础油为矿物基础油、合成基础油、植物油基础油中的一种或多种混合,其中优选聚a-烯烃PAO合成基础油。
将利用本发明润滑油添加剂制备的发动机润滑油应用于轻型汽车发动机中,并经过行驶性能测试。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益技术效果:本发明解决了石墨烯在润滑油中的分散性和抗沉淀问题,使发动机润滑油在发动机内表面形成稳定的油膜,提高了提高发动机的抗磨损性能、降低发动机的噪音、抑制了油泥的产生。
附图说明
图1为发动机使用10W-30润滑油行驶3000公里后发动机内表面SEM图。
图2为发动机添加实施例1所制备的添加剂润滑油行驶3000公里后内表面的SEM图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
按重量份数称取原料:聚异戊二烯10份,聚苯乙烯5份,2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯5份,石墨烯4份,三氧化二锑4份,氧化铕4份,碳酸钙4份,T154A无灰分散剂1份。将上述原料在室温下充分混合10小时,制得复合添加剂。
将制备的润滑油添加剂加入到聚a-烯烃PAO合成基础油中,且二者的重量比为1:100,混合均匀后制备出新型润滑油,将其在长安S460汽车发动机中使用,汽车行驶3000公里后观察其发动机内部,同时做对比试验,发动机中添加市场上采购的10W-30型号汽车发动机润滑油,行驶3000公里后观察发动机内部。对比两种发动机内表面的SEM图,如图1和图2所示,可以看出采用本发明添加剂可使发动机机表面形成一层坚固的油膜,行驶3000公里后依旧能起到保护作用,使其光亮如新,同时观察使用本发明的发动机内部,没有发现油泥,有效降低了油泥的产生,而对比试验中的发动机则产生了大量的油泥。
实施例2
按重量份数称取原料:聚异戊二烯9份,聚苯乙烯4份,2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯4份,石墨烯3份,三氧化二锑3份,氧化铕3份,碳酸钙3份,T165A无灰分散剂3份。将上述原料在室温下充分混合10小时,制得复合添加剂。
将制备的润滑油添加剂加入到聚a-烯烃PAO合成基础油中,且二者的重量比为3:100,混合均匀后制备出新型润滑油将其在长安S460汽车发动机中使用,汽车行驶3000公里后发动机内表面光亮如新,没有油泥产生。
实施例3
按重量份数称取原料:聚异戊二烯8份,聚苯乙烯3份,2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯3份,石墨烯2份,三氧化二锑2份,氧化铕2份,碳酸钙2份,T165A无灰分散剂5份。将上述原料在室温下充分混合10小时,制得复合添加剂。
将制备的润滑油添加剂加入到聚a-烯烃PAO合成基础油中,且二者的重量比为3:100,混合均匀后制备出新型润滑油,将其在长安S460汽车发动机中使用,汽车行驶3000公里后发动机内表面光亮如新,没有油泥产生。
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明精神的基础之下,本领域普通技术人员可以对本发明的技术方案做出的各种修改和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种发动机润滑油复合添加剂,其特征在于它是由以下重量组分的原料制成:
聚异戊二烯1~20份,
聚苯乙烯1~10份,
2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯1~10份,
石墨烯1~5份,
三氧化二锑1~5份,
氧化铕1~5份,
碳酸钙1~5份,
无灰分散剂1~2份;
所述的发动机润滑油复合添加剂的制备方法是:将上述重量配比的原料在室温下进行充分搅拌2~24h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发动机润滑油复合添加剂,其特征在于其中各原料的重量配比是:
聚异戊二烯8~10份,
聚苯乙烯3~5份,
2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯3~5份,
石墨烯2~4份,
三氧化二锑2~4份,
氧化铕2~4份,
碳酸钙2~4份,
无灰分散剂1~2份;
所述的发动机润滑油复合添加剂的制备方法是:将上述重量配比的原料在室温下进行充分搅拌2~24h。
3.根据权利要求2所述的发动机润滑油复合添加剂,其特征在于:所述的无灰分散剂为T154A或T165A中的一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的发动机润滑油复合添加剂于发动机润滑油的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于:将复合添加剂与发动机润滑基础油混合均匀制备发动机润滑油,且二者的重量比为1~3:100。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的应用,其特征在于:所述发动机润滑基础油为:矿物基础油、合成基础油、植物油基础油中的一种或多种混合。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于:所述合成基础油为聚a-烯烃PAO合成基础油。
8.根据权利要求4~7任一项中所述的发动机润滑油于轻型汽车发动机中的应用。
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CN1660981A (zh) * 2004-12-29 2005-08-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 润滑油添加剂及其制备方法
CN102226123A (zh) * 2011-05-16 2011-10-26 卓建材 一种不含油脂干式润滑剂与母液及其制备方法
CN106554841A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-05 明光市久鼎五金制品有限公司 一种防锈防磨损润滑剂
CN106190462A (zh) * 2016-07-07 2016-12-07 安庆宜源石油机械配件制造有限责任公司 一种耐高温润滑油
CN107312600A (zh) * 2017-07-06 2017-11-03 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 石墨烯复合润滑油添加剂及其制备方法

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