CN108530931A - 一种废弃物制备的环保包装盒及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种废弃物制备的环保包装盒及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108530931A
CN108530931A CN201810458583.0A CN201810458583A CN108530931A CN 108530931 A CN108530931 A CN 108530931A CN 201810458583 A CN201810458583 A CN 201810458583A CN 108530931 A CN108530931 A CN 108530931A
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雷勇
陈士
陈士一
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Anxiang Zhongyi Color Printing Packaging Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种废弃物制备的环保包装盒，按照以下重量份的原料制备而成：植物秸秆纤维20‑30份、木屑15‑20份、果皮纤维8‑10份、聚乳酸3‑8份、改性微孔淀粉3‑5份、糯米浆5‑10份、发泡剂1‑2份、抗菌复合物0.5‑2份、纳米硅藻土1‑3份、阻燃剂0.1‑0.3份、增韧剂0.3‑0.5份、抗冲击剂1‑3份。本发明获得的环保包装盒大部分采用的是废弃物，成本降低，具有良好的生物降解性，而且有一定的缓释抗菌、防臭效果，此外，具备很好的韧性和抗冲击性。

Description

一种废弃物制备的环保包装盒及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种废弃物制备的环保包装盒及其制备方法，属于包装、废物利用技术领域。
背景技术
包装盒就是用来包装产品的盒子，按材料来分有纸盒、铁盒、木盒、布盒、皮盒、瓦楞包装盒和PVC盒等，其主要是保证运输中产品的安全。随着现代工业的高速发展和人们生活水平的提高，对包装盒的质量也提出了更高的要求，首当其冲的就是环保、低成本。
农作物秸秆是农业生产的必要产物，现有技术中一般对其采用焚烧的方式还田，但近几年因环境污染的问题，已经明文规定不准焚烧。在此基础上，种植户只能采用粉碎的方式直接还田或堆肥处理。但对于部分肥沃的田来说，还田的方式造成了资源的浪费。若是能将作物秸秆这些用作包装盒的生产，将在包装领域将会是一大革新。
CN2017109436166公开了一种可降解食品包装盒及其制备方法，该方法采用稻草粉等制备成包装盒，实现了废弃物的重复利用。但这种包装盒只考虑了可降解性，但未考虑其抗冲击性、透气抗菌性等。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种废弃物制备的环保包装盒及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案：一种废弃物制备的环保包装盒，按照以下重量份的原料制备而成：植物秸秆纤维20-30份、木屑15-20份、果皮纤维8-10份、聚乳酸3-8份、改性微孔淀粉3-5份、糯米浆 5-10份、发泡剂1-2份、抗菌复合物0.5-2份、纳米硅藻土1-3份、阻燃剂0.1-0.3份、增韧剂0.3-0.5份、抗冲击剂1-3份。
上述发泡剂选用碳酸铵，阻燃剂选用氢氧化镁、磷氮系阻燃剂中的一种或多种按任意重量配比混合而成；增韧剂选用苯乙烯类增韧剂和聚烯烃类增韧剂，如苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体、甲基丙烯酸甲酯—丁二烯—苯乙烯三元共聚物(MBS)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（EVA)中一种或多种按任意重量配比混合而成；抗冲击剂为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、醋酸钠、硅橡胶按重量比为2-3:1:0.5-0.8:0.3-0.5。
优选地，上述果皮纤维为椰子果皮纤维、芒果皮纤维按重量比为3-5:1混合制得。
优选地，上述抗菌复合物为缓释型纳米微胶囊，由囊壁和囊壁包裹的芯材按0.3-0.6：1的重量比并按微胶囊常规技术制备而成，其中囊壁的壁材是由壳聚糖、海藻酸钠按1:0.8-1的重量比混合而成且通过醋酸溶液调节至pH为6.5-7，囊液是由以下重量百分的原料混合而成：茶多酚40-60%、乙基香草醛类化合物 30-50%、有机稀土盐5-8%。
本发明的废弃物制备的环保包装盒制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将植物秸秆纤维、木屑、果皮纤维各自粉碎至平均粒径在20-50mm的粉状物，然后一起投入高速剪切机中进一步粉碎至平均粒径在0.1-0.3mm的混合短纤；
（2）将步骤（1）得到的混合短纤加热至70-90℃后投入聚乳酸、改性微孔淀粉、糯米浆、发泡剂、纳米硅藻土、阻燃剂、增韧剂份、抗冲击剂，在氮气保护下，压强设置为5-10MPa、温度为50-60℃，反应时间为25-40min，反应结束后浇于模板中并压坯，模板温度保持在150-200℃，压力为22-25kg/cm2，压坯时间为5-10min，脱模，去毛刺，得到包装盒初品，备用；
（3）将抗菌复合物在超声波作用下分散1-1.5h，获得悬浮液，然后将步骤（2）获得的包装盒初品浸泡在悬浮液中，负压条件下处理3-5h，取出后低温干燥，干燥温度为40-50℃，得负载有抗菌复合物的成品包装盒。
与现有技术相比，本发明具备的有益效果是：本发明获得的环保包装盒大部分采用的是废弃物，成本降低，具有良好的生物降解性，而且有一定的缓释抗菌、防臭效果，此外，具备很好的韧性和抗冲击性。
具体实施方式
现结合具体实施例，来对本发明作进一步的阐述。
实施例一
废弃物制备的环保包装盒，按照以下重量份的原料制备而成：植物秸秆纤维30份、木屑15份、果皮纤维10份、聚乳酸5份、改性微孔淀粉3份、糯米浆10份、发泡剂2份、抗菌复合物2份、纳米硅藻土1份、阻燃剂0.3份、增韧剂0.3份、抗冲击剂1份。
发泡剂选用碳酸铵，阻燃剂选用氢氧化镁，增韧剂选用苯乙烯类增韧剂，如苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体；抗冲击剂为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、醋酸钠、硅橡胶按重量比为2-3:1:0.5:0.3。
果皮纤维为椰子果皮纤维、芒果皮纤维按重量比为5:1混合制得。
抗菌复合物为缓释型纳米微胶囊，由囊壁和囊壁包裹的芯材按0.6：1的重量比并按微胶囊常规技术制备而成，其中囊壁的壁材是由壳聚糖、海藻酸钠按1: 1的重量比混合而成且通过醋酸溶液调节至pH为6.5-7，囊液是由以下重量百分的原料混合而成：茶多酚60%、乙基香草醛类化合物 35%、有机稀土盐5%。
制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将植物秸秆纤维、木屑、果皮纤维各自粉碎至平均粒径在20-50mm的粉状物，然后一起投入高速剪切机中进一步粉碎至平均粒径在0.1-0.3mm的混合短纤；
（2）将步骤（1）得到的混合短纤加热至70-90℃后投入聚乳酸、改性微孔淀粉、糯米浆、发泡剂、纳米硅藻土、阻燃剂、增韧剂份、抗冲击剂，在氮气保护下，压强设置为5-10MPa、温度为50-60℃，反应时间为25-40min，反应结束后浇于模板中并压坯，模板温度保持在150-200℃，压力为22-25kg/cm2，压坯时间为5-10min，脱模，去毛刺，得到包装盒初品，备用；
（3）将抗菌复合物在超声波作用下分散1-1.5h，获得悬浮液，然后将步骤（2）获得的包装盒初品浸泡在悬浮液中，负压条件下处理3-5h，取出后低温干燥，干燥温度为40-50℃，得负载有抗菌复合物的成品包装盒。
实施例二
废弃物制备的环保包装盒，按照以下重量份的原料制备而成：植物秸秆纤维20份、木屑15份、果皮纤维10份、聚乳酸5份、改性微孔淀粉3份、糯米浆 5份、发泡剂1份、抗菌复合物0.5份、纳米硅藻土1份、阻燃剂0.1份、增韧剂0.3份、抗冲击剂1份。
发泡剂选用碳酸铵，阻燃剂选用磷氮系阻燃剂；增韧剂选用甲基丙烯酸甲酯—丁二烯—苯乙烯三元共聚物(MBS)；抗冲击剂为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、醋酸钠、硅橡胶按重量比为2-3:1: 0.8: 0.5。
果皮纤维为椰子果皮纤维、芒果皮纤维按重量比为3:1混合制得。
抗菌复合物为缓释型纳米微胶囊，由囊壁和囊壁包裹的芯材按0.3：1的重量比并按微胶囊常规技术制备而成，其中囊壁的壁材是由壳聚糖、海藻酸钠按1:0.8的重量比混合而成且通过醋酸溶液调节至pH为6.5-7，囊液是由以下重量百分的原料混合而成：茶多酚42%、乙基香草醛类化合物50%、有机稀土盐8%。
制备方法同实施例一。
实施例三
废弃物制备的环保包装盒，按照以下重量份的原料制备而成：植物秸秆纤维30份、木屑20份、果皮纤维8份、聚乳酸8份、改性微孔淀粉5份、糯米浆 5份、发泡剂2份、抗菌复合物2份、纳米硅藻土3份、阻燃剂0.3份、增韧剂0.5份、抗冲击剂3份。
发泡剂选用碳酸铵，阻燃剂选用氢氧化镁、磷氮系阻燃剂中的一两种按任意重量配比混合而成；增韧剂选用乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（EVA)；抗冲击剂为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、醋酸钠、硅橡胶按重量比为2-3:1: 0.8: 0.5。
果皮纤维为椰子果皮纤维、芒果皮纤维按重量比为3:1混合制得。
抗菌复合物为缓释型纳米微胶囊，由囊壁和囊壁包裹的芯材按0.5：1的重量比并按微胶囊常规技术制备而成，其中囊壁的壁材是由壳聚糖、海藻酸钠按1:0.8的重量比混合而成且通过醋酸溶液调节至pH为6.5-7，囊液是由以下重量百分的原料混合而成：茶多酚50%、乙基香草醛类化合物 42%、有机稀土盐8%。
制备方法同实施例一。

Claims (5)

1.一种废弃物制备的环保包装盒，按照以下重量份的原料制备而成：植物秸秆纤维20-30份、木屑15-20份、果皮纤维8-10份、聚乳酸3-8份、改性微孔淀粉3-5份、糯米浆 5-10份、发泡剂1-2份、抗菌复合物0.5-2份、纳米硅藻土1-3份、阻燃剂0.1-0.3份、增韧剂0.3-0.5份、抗冲击剂1-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的废弃物制备的环保包装盒，其特征在于，上述抗冲击剂为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、醋酸钠、硅橡胶按重量比为2-3:1:0.5-0.8:0.3-0.5。
3.根据权利要求2所述的废弃物制备的环保包装盒，其特征在于，上述果皮纤维为椰子果皮纤维、芒果皮纤维按重量比为3-5:1混合制得。
4.根据权利要求3所述的废弃物制备的环保包装盒，其特征在于，上述抗菌复合物为缓释型纳米微胶囊，由囊壁和囊壁包裹的芯材按0.3-0.6：1的重量比并按微胶囊常规技术制备而成，其中囊壁的壁材是由壳聚糖、海藻酸钠按1:0.8-1的重量比混合而成且通过醋酸溶液调节至pH为6.5-7，囊液是由以下重量百分的原料混合而成：茶多酚40-60%、乙基香草醛类化合物 30-50%、有机稀土盐5-8%。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述的废弃物制备的环保包装盒制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）将植物秸秆纤维、木屑、果皮纤维各自粉碎至平均粒径在20-50mm的粉状物，然后一起投入高速剪切机中进一步粉碎至平均粒径在0.1-0.3mm的混合短纤；
（2）将步骤（1）得到的混合短纤加热至70-90℃后投入聚乳酸、改性微孔淀粉、糯米浆、发泡剂、纳米硅藻土、阻燃剂、增韧剂份、抗冲击剂，在氮气保护下，压强设置为5-10MPa、温度为50-60℃，反应时间为25-40min，反应结束后浇于模板中并压坯，模板温度保持在150-200℃，压力为22-25kg/cm2，压坯时间为5-10min，脱模，去毛刺，得到包装盒初品，备用；
（3）将抗菌复合物在超声波作用下分散1-1.5h，获得悬浮液，然后将步骤（2）获得的包装盒初品浸泡在悬浮液中，负压条件下处理3-5h，取出后低温干燥，干燥温度为40-50℃，得负载有抗菌复合物的成品包装盒。
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