CN108527913B - Control method and control device of screw press and screw press - Google Patents
Control method and control device of screw press and screw press Download PDFInfo
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- CN108527913B CN108527913B CN201810308475.5A CN201810308475A CN108527913B CN 108527913 B CN108527913 B CN 108527913B CN 201810308475 A CN201810308475 A CN 201810308475A CN 108527913 B CN108527913 B CN 108527913B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 58
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 57
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021463 dry cake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/125—Control arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/26—Programme control arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/127—Feed means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/14—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with only one screw or worm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/18—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing with means for adjusting the outlet for the solid
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method and a control device of a screw press and the screw press, wherein the control method of the screw press comprises the following steps: acquiring the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press in real time and acquiring the material liquid content of the material; calculating theoretical liquid outlet amount according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset material residue liquid rate of the screw press; and adjusting the pressure value of a slag discharge port of the screw press to enable the actual liquid discharge amount to be equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount. The output of the squeezed liquid is stabilized at a preset level, so that the screw press obtains a stable liquid outlet effect, and the working performance of the screw press is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of presses, in particular to a control method and a control device of a screw press and the screw press.
Background
Screw presses are today the major oil-making machinery in the world and have been widely used for more than 100 years for extracting vegetable oils and fats from oil. During this time, efforts have been made to improve the yield and energy efficiency. With the increasing production scale of the grease processing industry, the capacity of the screw press to process oil by a single machine is also increasing. At present, the pre-pressing capacity of the maximum screw press is up to 460T/d, and the residual oil rate of pre-pressed cakes can reach 12%; the one-time pressing capacity is as high as 200T/d, and the dry cake residual oil rate is lower than 3 percent. However, the existing medium and large screw presses are generally only equipped with a simple control system, at most, only a semi-automatic control system, and are mainly used for safety protection of machine operation.
In the actual pressing process, the screw press may be affected by the change of raw materials, the error of operators, and the fluctuation of upstream supply line conditions such as the temperature and pressure of oil pretreatment, so that the characteristics of nonlinearity, coupling property, time-varying property and the like of the continuous screw press in the actual pressing process are very prominent, the stability of the working performance of the screw press is seriously affected, and the original simple control system cannot meet the requirement.
It is based on this aspect of application that it is necessary to develop a control system that provides both a high degree of automation and optimal screw press performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a control method and a control device of a screw press and the screw press, aiming at achieving stable pressing effect of the screw press.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling a screw press, comprising the steps of:
acquiring the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press in real time and acquiring the material liquid content of the material;
calculating theoretical liquid outlet amount according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset material residue liquid rate of the screw press;
and adjusting the pressure value of a slag discharge port of the screw press to enable the actual liquid discharge amount to be equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount.
Preferably, the theoretical liquid output amount calculated according to the actual feeding amount of the screw press, the material liquid content and the preset material residue liquid ratio is obtained by calculating according to the following formula:
wherein G is0Expressing the theoretical liquid output of squeezing in unit time, kg/h;
q represents the actual feeding amount of the squeezed materials in unit time, kg/h;
M0represents the content (dry basis) of the material in the pressed material,%;
Mbthe predetermined slag residue ratio (dry basis)%.
Preferably, the screw press comprises a slag discharge port pressure adjusting device, and the slag discharge port pressure adjusting device comprises a cake supporting cone arranged at the slag discharge port and a linear driving device for driving the cake supporting cone to move;
the step of adjusting the pressure value of the slag discharge port of the screw press so that the actual liquid discharge amount is equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount specifically comprises the following steps:
when the actual liquid output amount is larger than the theoretical liquid output amount, controlling the linear driving device to drive the cake supporting cone to enlarge the material slag discharge port so as to reduce the pressure value of the material slag discharge port;
and when the actual liquid output amount is smaller than the theoretical liquid output amount, controlling the linear driving device to drive the cake supporting cone to reduce the material slag discharge port so as to increase the pressure value of the material slag discharge port.
Preferably, the control method of the screw press further comprises the steps of:
acquiring the actual current of a main motor of a screw press in real time;
the feed rate of the screw press is adjusted so that the actual current corresponds to the preset current.
Preferably, the screw press comprises a feed adjusting device comprising a screw feeder and a speed governor electrically connected to a drive motor of the screw feeder;
the step of adjusting the feed rate of the screw press such that the actual current is comparable to the preset current comprises in particular:
when the actual current is larger than the preset current, controlling the speed regulator to reduce the rotating speed of the screw feeder so as to reduce the feeding speed;
and when the actual current is smaller than the preset current, controlling the speed regulator to increase the rotating speed of the screw feeder so as to increase the feeding speed.
Preferably, the preset current is 75% -85% of the rated current of the main motor of the screw press.
The present invention also provides a control arrangement for a screw press, the control arrangement for a screw press comprising: a memory, a processor and a control program for a screw press stored on said memory and operable on said processor, said control program for a screw press being configured to implement the steps of a method for controlling a screw press, said method for controlling a screw press comprising:
acquiring the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press in real time and acquiring the material liquid content of the material;
calculating theoretical liquid outlet amount according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset material residue liquid rate of the screw press;
and adjusting the pressure value of a slag discharge port of the screw press to enable the actual liquid discharge amount to be equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount.
The present invention also provides a screw press comprising:
the spiral squeezing device is provided with a squeezing chamber, and a material residue discharge port, a feed port and a liquid outlet which are distributed in the front-back direction are arranged in the squeezing chamber;
the material liquid content monitoring device is used for obtaining the material liquid content of the material at the feed inlet;
the feeding metering device is arranged at the feeding hole and used for metering the actual feeding amount of the material entering the squeezing chamber in unit time;
the liquid outlet metering device is arranged at the liquid outlet and is used for metering the actual liquid outlet amount of the squeezed liquid in unit time;
the slag discharge port pressure adjusting device is arranged at the slag discharge port and used for adjusting the pressure value of the slag discharge port of the screw press; and the number of the first and second groups,
a control device for a screw press, the control device comprising: a memory, a processor and a control program for a screw press stored on said memory and operable on said processor, said control program for a screw press being configured to implement the steps of a method for controlling a screw press, said method for controlling a screw press comprising:
acquiring the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press in real time and acquiring the material liquid content of the material;
calculating theoretical liquid outlet amount according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset material residue liquid rate of the screw press;
and adjusting the pressure value of a slag discharge port of the screw press to enable the actual liquid discharge amount to be equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount.
Preferably, the slag discharge port pressure adjusting means includes:
the cake supporting cone is movably arranged at the material slag discharge port along the front-back direction; and the number of the first and second groups,
the linear driving device has a forward and backward moving stroke, and the moving end of the linear driving device is connected to the cake supporting cone and used for driving the cake supporting cone to move forward and backward, so that the size of the material slag discharge port is adjusted, and the pressure value of the material slag discharge port is adjusted.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the current monitoring device is used for monitoring the actual current of the main motor of the screw press; and the number of the first and second groups,
the feeding adjusting device comprises a speed regulator and a screw feeder, wherein the speed regulator is electrically connected to the screw feeder driving motor and is used for controlling the rotating speed of the screw feeder driving motor so as to adjust the feeding speed.
According to the invention, the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press are obtained in real time, the material liquid content of the material is obtained, the theoretical liquid output amount is calculated according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset residue liquid rate of the screw press, the pressure value of the residue discharge port of the screw press is adjusted, so that the actual liquid output amount is equivalent to the theoretical liquid output amount, the output of the squeezed liquid is stabilized at the preset level, the screw press obtains a stable liquid output effect, and the working performance of the screw press is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a server architecture of a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a first embodiment of a method of controlling a screw press according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a second embodiment of a method of controlling a screw press according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a third embodiment of a method of controlling a screw press according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a fourth embodiment of a method of controlling a screw press according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the screw press of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 100 | Screw press | 6 | Feeding adjusting device |
| 1 | Spiral squeezing device | 61 | Speed regulator |
| 11 | Squeezing chamber | 62 | Screw feeder |
| 12 | Slag discharge port | 7 | Speed reducer |
| 13 | Feed inlet | 8 | Main motor |
| 14 | Liquid outlet | 9 | Material liquid content monitoring device |
| 2 | Feed metering device | 10 | Control device |
| 3 | Liquid outlet metering device | 1001 | Processor with a memory having a plurality of memory cells |
| 4 | Pressure adjusting device for slag discharge port | 1002 | Communication bus |
| 41 | Cake supporting cone | 1003 | User interface |
| 42 | Linear drive device | 1004 | Network interface |
| 5 | Current monitoring device | 1005 | Memory device |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control apparatus 10 for a screw press according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the control device 10 of the screw press may comprise: a processor 1001, such as a CPU, a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. Wherein a communication bus 1002 is used to enable connective communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a Display screen (Display), an input unit such as a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory (e.g., a magnetic disk memory). The memory 1005 may alternatively be a storage device separate from the processor 1001.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in figure 1 does not constitute a limitation of the control device 10 of the screw press, and may comprise more or less components than those shown, or some components in combination, or a different arrangement of components.
As shown in fig. 1, the memory 1005, which is a kind of computer storage medium, may include therein an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a control program of the screw press 100.
In the server shown in fig. 1, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for connecting a terminal device and performing data communication with the terminal device; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for receiving input instructions of an administrator; the server calls up, through the processor 1001, the control program of the screw press 100 stored in the memory 1005, and performs the following operations:
acquiring the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press 100 in real time and acquiring the material liquid content of the material;
calculating a theoretical liquid outlet amount according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset material residue liquid rate of the screw press 100;
and adjusting the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 so that the actual liquid discharge amount is equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount.
Further, the processor 1001 may call the control program of the screw press 100 stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:
acquiring the actual current of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100 in real time;
the feed rate of the screw press 100 is adjusted so that the actual current is comparable to the preset current.
According to the invention, the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press 100 are obtained in real time, the material liquid content of the material is obtained, the theoretical liquid output amount is calculated according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset residue liquid rate of the screw press 100, and the pressure value of the residue discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 is adjusted, so that the actual liquid output amount is equivalent to the theoretical liquid output amount, the output of the squeezed liquid is stabilized at the preset level, the screw press 100 obtains a stable liquid output effect, and the working performance of the screw press is improved.
Based on the above hardware structure, fig. 2 to 5 illustrate an embodiment of the control method of the screw press according to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for controlling a screw press 100 according to the present invention, in this embodiment, the method for controlling the screw press 100 includes the following steps:
step S10, acquiring the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press 100 in real time and acquiring the material liquid content of the material;
the screw press 100 is capable of squeezing various kinds of juice, such as juice squeezing, grease squeezing, and the like, and mainly achieves solid-liquid separation, and in this embodiment, the screw press is mainly used for extracting vegetable oil from oil, and the following description will be given by taking a screw press for squeezing refined vegetable oil as an example.
In the pressing process of the oil material, the material entering the screw press 100 fluctuates due to the state and pretreatment process of the material and the artificial operation, which results in the actual entering of the material in the screw press 100 changes occasionally, in this embodiment, the material amount in the screw press 100, i.e. the actual feeding amount, is measured in real time by the feeding measuring device 2, the change of the input condition results in the change of the output result, in this embodiment, the actual liquid outlet amount of the liquid squeezed in the unit time is measured in real time by the liquid outlet measuring device 3, and the collected actual feeding amount and actual liquid outlet amount are received by the network communication module of the control device 10 of the screw press and stored in the memory 1005.
It should be noted that the material liquid content is monitored by the material liquid content monitoring device 9, the material liquid content monitoring device 9 may be a monitoring device before material processing, a real-time monitoring device, or a selection program for extracting the oil content of plants, such as distinguishing peanuts, soybeans, corns, rapeseeds, etc., which are fixed in the memory 1005 corresponding to different raw materials, and when the material is peanuts, the peanut state program is directly selected, and preset data of the peanut liquid content can be directly called correspondingly.
Step S20, calculating theoretical liquid output according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset material residue liquid rate of the screw press 100;
it should be noted that, the server calculates the theoretical liquid output amount by calling the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content, and the preset residue residual liquid rate stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001, and in this embodiment, the theoretical liquid output amount calculated according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content, and the preset residue residual liquid rate of the screw press 100 is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein G is0Expressing the theoretical liquid output of squeezing in unit time, kg/h;
q represents the actual feeding amount of the squeezed materials in unit time, kg/h;
M0represents the content (dry basis) of the material in the pressed material,%;
Mbthe predetermined slag residue ratio (dry basis)%.
Step S30, adjusting the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 to enable the actual liquid discharge amount to be equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount;
it should be noted that, the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 directly reflects the actual oil content of the slag, when the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 is adjusted to be increased, the slag is pressed more thoroughly, and the actual oil output is increased, otherwise, when the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 is adjusted to be decreased, the actual oil output is decreased, and the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 is dynamically and continuously adjusted, so that the actual liquid output is equivalent to the theoretical liquid output, that is, the actual liquid output is optimized to the theoretical level.
According to the invention, the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press 100 are obtained in real time, the material liquid content of the material is obtained, the theoretical liquid output amount is calculated according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset residue liquid rate of the screw press 100, and the pressure value of the residue discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 is adjusted, so that the actual liquid output amount is equivalent to the theoretical liquid output amount, the output of the squeezed liquid is stabilized at the preset level, the screw press 100 obtains a stable liquid output effect, and the working performance of the screw oil press is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the control method of the screw press 100 provided by the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that: in this embodiment, the step of adjusting the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 so that the actual liquid discharge amount is equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount specifically includes:
step S30a, when the actual liquid output amount is larger than the theoretical liquid output amount, controlling the linear driving device 42 to drive the cake-supporting cone 41 to enlarge the slag discharge port 12 so as to reduce the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12;
it should be noted that the screw press 100 includes a slag discharge port pressure adjusting device 4, the slag discharge port pressure adjusting device 4 includes a cake abutting cone 41 disposed at the slag discharge port 12, and a linear driving device 42 for driving the cake abutting cone 41 to move, the cake abutting cone 41 is disposed in a cone shape and disposed at the slag discharge port 12, when the actual liquid discharge amount is greater than the theoretical liquid discharge amount, the linear driving device 42 drives the cake abutting cone 41 to enlarge the slag discharge port 12 so as to reduce the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12, the size of the slag discharge port 12 is changed mainly by changing the size of the cross section of the slag discharge port 12 into which the cake abutting cone 41 enters, and when the actual liquid discharge amount is greater than the theoretical liquid discharge amount, the linear driving device 42 drives the cake abutting cone 41 to enter the slag discharge port 12 so as to reduce the cross section, the area for shielding the material slag discharge port 12 is reduced, the effective area for discharging is increased, and the pressure value of the material slag discharge port 12 is reduced.
Step S30b, when the actual liquid output amount is smaller than the theoretical liquid output amount, controlling the linear driving device 42 to drive the cake-supporting cone 41 to reduce the slag discharge port 12 so as to increase the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12;
it should be noted that the size of the slag discharge port 12 is changed by changing the size of the section of the cake-supporting cone 41 entering the slag discharge port 12, and when the actual liquid output amount is smaller than the theoretical liquid output amount, the linear driving device 42 drives the cake-supporting cone 41 to enter the slag discharge port 12 to increase the section, so that the area for shielding the slag discharge port 12 is increased, the effective discharge area is reduced, and the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12 is increased.
According to the invention, the linear driving device 42 is used for adjusting the size of the section of the material slag discharge port 12, which is formed by the cake supporting cone 41 entering the material slag discharge port 12, so as to change the size of the material slag discharge port 12, further change the effective discharge area, and further change the pressure value of the material slag discharge port 12, so that the actual liquid discharge amount is equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount.
In the oil material squeezing process of the screw press, the material entering the screw press 100 fluctuates due to factors such as the material state, the pretreatment process, the artificial operation and the like, so that the material actually entering the screw press 100 changes, the factors not only influence the oil outlet effect, but also influence the operation safety of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100, and in order to keep the screw press 100 operating well under the complex squeezing environment, the feeding rate of the screw press 100 is also adjusted by the screw press 100.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of a control method for a screw press 100 according to the present invention, which is different from the second embodiment in that: in this embodiment, the control method of the screw press 100 further includes the steps of:
step S40, acquiring the actual current of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100 in real time;
the actual current of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100 is monitored by means of a current monitoring device 5, said current monitoring device 5 may be a conventional current detection device such as a hall sensor.
Step S50, adjusting the feeding rate of the screw press 100 so that the actual current is equivalent to the preset current;
the feeding rate is adjusted by a feeding adjusting device 6 to adjust the feeding amount entering the pressing chamber 11 from the feeding port 13, and the current of the main motor 8 is controlled by controlling the flow rate of the feeding port 13, so that the screw press 100 always keeps a safe current (in this embodiment, the preset current is 75% to 85% of the rated current of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100) to operate under the condition that the pressing process is disturbed, and the safety of machine operation and operation is enhanced.
According to the invention, the actual current of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100 is obtained in real time through the current monitoring device 5, and the amount of the material entering the pressing chamber 11 from the feeding hole 13 is adjusted through the feeding adjusting device 6 to adjust the load of the main motor 8, so that the screw press 100 always maintains safe current operation under the condition that the pressing process is interfered, the production capacity is improved, and the downtime is reduced.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a fourth embodiment of a method for controlling a screw press 100 according to the present invention, which is different from the third embodiment in that: in this embodiment, the step of adjusting the feeding rate of the screw press 100 such that the actual current is equivalent to the preset current specifically comprises:
step S50a, when the actual current is larger than the preset current, controlling the speed regulator 61 to reduce the rotating speed of the screw feeder 62, and further reducing the feeding speed;
the screw press 100 comprises a feeding adjusting device 6, the feeding adjusting device 6 comprises a screw feeder 62 and a speed regulator 61 electrically connected to a driving motor of the screw feeder 62, when the actual current is larger than the preset current, the speed regulator 61 reduces the rotating speed of the screw feeder 62, and further reduces the feeding speed, so as to reduce the work load of the screw press 100, and therefore, the actual current value is reduced, so as to adjust the excessive current value to be equivalent to the preset safe current.
Step S50b, when the actual current is smaller than the preset current, controlling the speed regulator 61 to increase the rotating speed of the screw feeder 62, and further increasing the feeding rate;
when the actual current is less than the preset current, the speed controller 61 increases the rotation speed of the screw feeder 62 to increase the feeding rate, so as to increase the workload of the screw press 100 properly, thereby achieving an increase in the actual current value to adjust the excessive current value to be equivalent to the preset safe current.
The invention adjusts the rotating speed of the screw feeder 62 through the speed regulator 61, further adjusts the feeding speed, and adjusts the load of the main motor 8, so that the screw press 100 always maintains safe current operation under the condition of interference in the pressing process, thereby improving the production capacity and reducing the downtime.
The present invention provides a screw press 100, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the screw press 100 provided by the present invention.
Referring to fig. 6, the screw press 100 (the screw press 100 can press various kinds of juice, such as juice, oil, etc., mainly for solid-liquid separation, in this embodiment, it is mainly used for extracting vegetable oil from oil, and the following description will take the case of pressing and extracting vegetable oil as an example) includes a material liquid content monitoring device 9 (which may be a monitoring device before processing, a real-time monitoring device, or a selection program for different vegetable oil contents corresponding to different raw materials fixed in the memory, such as distinguishing peanuts, soybeans, corns, rapeseeds, etc., when the material is peanuts, a peanut state program is directly selected, which corresponds to preset data for peanut liquid content directly called), a screw press 1, a feed metering device 2, a liquid outlet metering device 3, a material residue outlet pressure adjusting device 4, and a control device 10, the material liquid content monitoring device 9 is used for monitoring the material liquid content of the material at the feed port 13, and is mainly used for monitoring the characteristics of the material at the material processing preparation stage, the screw press device 1 is provided with a press chamber 11, a material slag discharge port 12, a feed port 13 and a liquid outlet 14 which are arranged at the bottom of the press chamber 11 are arranged in the press chamber 11 and distributed along the front-back direction, the feeding metering device 2 is arranged at the feed port 13 and is used for metering the actual feeding amount of the material entering the press chamber 11 in unit time, the liquid outlet metering device 3 is arranged at the liquid outlet 14 and is used for metering the actual liquid outlet amount of the liquid squeezed in unit time, the material slag discharge port pressure adjusting device 4 is arranged at the material slag discharge port 12 and is used for adjusting the pressure value of the material slag discharge port 12 of the screw press 100, and the control device 10 is the control device 10, the control device 10 adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and therefore has the technical effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments.
In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the material liquid content monitoring device 9 monitors the material liquid content of the material at the feed port 13, the feed metering device 2 meters the actual feeding amount of the material entering the squeezing chamber 11 in unit time, the liquid outlet metering device 3 meters the actual liquid outlet amount of the squeezed liquid in unit time, a theoretical liquid outlet amount is obtained by calculation according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset residue residual liquid rate, and the controller controls the residue outlet pressure adjusting device 4 to adjust the pressure value of the residue outlet 12 of the screw squeezer 100 to continuously adjust the size of the actual liquid outlet amount, so that the yield of the squeezed oil is stabilized at a preset level, the screw squeezer 100 obtains a stable oil outlet effect, and the working performance of the screw squeezer is improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the extracted vegetable oil is taken as an example for illustration, and according to the actual feeding amount and the material oil content of the current oil-extracted material, and the preset content of the residue oil rate, the size of the residue discharge port 12 of the screw press 100 is adjusted to further influence the pressure of the residue discharge port 12 of the screw press 100, so that the actual oil output G of the screw press 100 is optimized to the preset theoretical oil output G0The level of (c).
Solving the theoretical pressure of the screw press 100 according to the material balance equation of the oil during the pressing processAmount of extracted oil G0The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
in the formula: g0The theoretical squeezing oil yield in unit time is kg/h;
q is the actual feeding amount of the oil to be pressed in unit time, kg/h;
M0-oil content (dry basis) of the incoming pressed oil;
Mbresidue residual oil ratio (dry basis)%.
The formula shows that the yield of the oil to be squeezed can be obtained according to the actual feeding amount of the oil to be squeezed, the oil content of the oil and the preset residual oil rate of the material residue in unit time.
According to different pressing process requirements of oil materials, the residue oil residue rate can be set in the following mode, specifically, the material is the oil material, and the preset residue oil residue rate is MbIn the pre-squeezing leaching process, M is more than or equal to 12 percentbLess than or equal to 16 percent; in the one-time hot pressing process, M is more than or equal to 3.0 percentbLess than or equal to 4.0 percent; in the one-off cold pressing process, M is more than or equal to 8.0 percentb≤10.0％。
In the embodiment of the present invention, the slag discharge port pressure adjusting device 4 includes a cake supporting cone 41 (in this embodiment, the side surface of the cake supporting cone 41 is a conical surface with a larger front part and a smaller rear part, so that the cake supporting cone 41 can adjust the slag discharge port 12 to be linearly changed in the front-rear direction, and the change rule of the cross section is easy to control), and a linear driving device 42 (in this embodiment, the linear driving device 42 is disposed in front of the slag discharge port 12), the cake supporting cone 41 is movably mounted on the slag discharge port 12 in the front-rear direction, the linear driving device 42 has a movable stroke in the front-rear direction, and the movable end thereof is connected to the cake supporting cone 41, the linear driving device 42 is used for driving the cake supporting cone 41 to move in the front-rear direction, so as to adjust the size of the slag discharge port 12, so as to adjust the pressure value of the slag discharge port 12, the linear driving device 42 may be one of an air cylinder, an oil cylinder or an electric push rod, as long as the device can realize that the cake-supporting cone 41 is movably mounted at the slag discharge port 12 to adjust the size of the slag discharge port 12, the device includes the content of the invention, the size of the movable stroke is matched with the cake-supporting cone 41 to realize the control of the size of the slag discharge port 12, and further change the pressure of the slag discharge port 12, when the oil content of the slag is higher or the liquid output amount is less under the condition of the same feeding amount, the pressure of the slag discharge port 12 needs to be increased, so that unit oil can be squeezed to generate more oil, the residual oil value of the oil cake reaches a reasonable level, when the oil content of the slag is lower or the liquid output amount is higher under the condition of the same feeding amount, the pressure of the slag discharge port 12 needs to be reduced, and the oil squeezed by unit is reduced, the residual oil value of the oil cake reaches a reasonable level, the process is a dynamic balance process, and the residual oil value of the oil cake reaches a reasonable level through continuous change and adjustment.
In the oil pressing process of the screw press 100, the material entering the screw press 100 fluctuates due to factors such as the state of the material, the pretreatment process, and the artificial operation, which cause the material actually entering the screw press 100 to vary, these factors not only affect the oil discharging effect, but also affect the operation safety of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100, and in order to maintain the good operation of the screw press 100 in the above complicated pressing environment, the present invention also dynamically controls the screw feeder 62.
In the present invention, the current monitoring device 5 is used to monitor the actual current of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100, and the current monitoring device 5 may be a conventional current detecting device such as a hall sensor.
Specifically, the screw press 100 further comprises a current monitoring device 5 and a feeding adjusting device 6, the current monitoring device 5 is configured to monitor an actual current of a main motor 8 of the screw press 100, the feeding adjusting device 6 comprises a speed regulator 61 and a screw feeder 62, the speed regulator 61 is electrically connected to a driving motor of the screw feeder 62 and is configured to control a rotation speed of the driving motor of the screw feeder 62 so as to adjust a feeding rate, the feeding adjusting device 6 controls a feeding amount entering the pressing chamber 11 from the feeding port 13 according to the control signal, and controls a current of the main motor 8 by controlling a flow rate of the feeding port 13, so that the screw press 100 always maintains a safe current (in this embodiment, the preset current is 75% to 85% of a rated current of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100) to operate under a pressing process disturbance, the safety of machine operation and operation is enhanced.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the feeding adjustment device 6 includes a speed regulator 61 and a screw feeder 62, wherein the speed regulator 61 is electrically connected to a driving motor of the screw feeder 62 for controlling the rotation speed of the driving motor of the screw feeder 62 to adjust the feeding rate.
In this embodiment, the screw press 100 generally includes a main motor 8, a speed reducer 7 and other power parts, and since the pressing environment is complex, the current fluctuation of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100 is large, and in order to maintain the normal and stable working and operating state of the screw press 100, the operating current load of the main motor 8 is 75% to 85% of the rated current. At this time, the feeding is stable, the pressure in the pressing chamber 11 is sufficient, the oil discharge (or liquid discharge) of the pressing chamber 11 is mainly concentrated in the front middle section of the pressing chamber 11, the cake discharged from the slag discharge port 12 is tile-shaped, and has slight elasticity, smooth front surface and crack on the back surface.
The dynamic control of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100 is explained below in relation to the actual current of the main motor 8 of the screw press 100 and the rated current.
When the main electric machine 8 is operating at a current of 75% or less of its rated current, it is considered to be in a low load state. If the feed to the screw press 100 is not smooth or stopped for some reason, typically due to arching or blockage of material before and after the feed opening 13 of the apparatus, the system will reduce the feeder rate of the screw press 100 to a safe level. At this point it will maintain this feed rate until the feed returns to normal. The feed rate is then gradually increased to increase the feed rate while the linear drive 42 is adjusted until normal operating conditions are reached. Controlling in this manner prevents overload problems when the screw press 100 is restarted. For example, after blockage of the feed port 13, some of the overcooked dry matter produced by the oil in the upstream pre-treatment stage will enter the screw press 100, possibly causing a very high load on the main motor 8 and possibly causing the screw press 100 to stall if the feed rate is too high.
When the main motor 8 operating current load exceeds 85% of the rated current, the system continuously monitors the screw press 100 operating load, detects the high load level, automatically adjusts the screw press 100 operation appropriately to control the high load, the high load protection mode provides 3 different levels of protection to the screw press 100:
first-stage protection: when the main motor 8 runs at a current of 85% to 100% of its rated current, it is regarded as a high-load state. At this point, the feed rate is reduced gradually to reduce the high load while maximizing the screw press 100 throughput.
And (3) second-stage protection: when the main motor 8 runs at a current of 100% to 110% of its rated current, it is regarded as an extremely high load state. At this point, if the screw press 100 load continues to rise and reaches an extremely high load interval, the system will take more drastic action to rapidly reduce the feed rate to reduce the load to a safe level. This action may eliminate load fluctuations that may cause downtime or even damage to screw press 100.
And (3) third-level protection: when the main electric machine 8 operates at a current exceeding 110% of its rated current, it is regarded as an ultra-high load state. At this point, if the action of the very high load fails to prevent the screw press 100 load from rising further to an unacceptable level, the ultra high load protection will be activated and the screw press 100 will immediately stop to prevent, or at least reduce, any damage that may occur to the interior of the screw press 100, as these ultra high loads are typically due to foreign objects entering the press chamber 11.
Therefore, the method proposed by the present invention is that during the pressing process, when the feeding amount and mechanical physical characteristics of the pressed oil material are changed or disturbed, the control system of the screw press 100 stabilizes the load current of the main motor 8 and the yield of the pressed oil at predetermined levels, so that the screw press 100 obtains stable working performance and optimal oil extraction effect, and the quality of the existing screw press product is improved. Protecting the screw press 100 from possible overload damage and feed oil fluctuation interference, reducing down time, increasing production efficiency, maximizing screw press 100 throughput and stabilizing oil yield.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of controlling a screw press, comprising the steps of:
acquiring the actual feeding amount and the actual liquid output amount of the screw press in real time and acquiring the material liquid content of the material;
calculating theoretical liquid outlet amount according to the actual feeding amount, the material liquid content and the preset material residue liquid rate of the screw press;
adjusting the pressure value of a slag discharge port of the screw press to enable the actual liquid discharge amount to be equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount;
the method of controlling a screw press further comprises the steps of:
acquiring the actual current of a main motor of a screw press in real time;
adjusting the feeding rate of the screw press so that the actual current is equivalent to a preset current;
the screw press comprises a feeding adjusting device, wherein the feeding adjusting device comprises a screw feeder and a speed regulator electrically connected to a driving motor of the screw feeder;
the step of adjusting the feed rate of the screw press such that the actual current is comparable to the preset current comprises in particular:
when the actual current is larger than the preset current, controlling the speed regulator to reduce the rotating speed of the screw feeder so as to reduce the feeding speed;
when the actual current is smaller than the preset current, controlling the speed regulator to increase the rotating speed of the screw feeder so as to increase the feeding speed;
when the actual current is larger than the preset current, the speed regulator is controlled to reduce the rotating speed of the screw feeder, and then the feeding speed is reduced:
when the actual current reaches 85% -100% of the rated current of the main motor of the screw press, the feeding speed is gradually reduced;
when the actual current reaches 100% -110% of the rated current of the main motor of the screw press, the feeding speed is quickly reduced;
when the actual current exceeds 110% of the rated current of the main motor of the screw press, the speed regulator is controlled to stop feeding, and the screw press is stopped immediately.
2. A method for controlling a screw press as recited in claim 1, wherein said calculating a theoretical liquid output based on an actual feeding capacity, a material liquid content and a predetermined rate of residue of said screw press is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein G is0Expressing the theoretical liquid output of squeezing in unit time, kg/h;
q represents the actual feeding amount of the squeezed materials in unit time, kg/h;
M0represents the material content, dry basis,%, of the pressed material;
Mbrepresents the residue liquid rate, dry basis and percent of the preset material residue.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the screw press includes a slag discharge port pressure adjustment device, the slag discharge port pressure adjustment device includes a cake supporting cone disposed at the slag discharge port, and a linear driving device for driving the cake supporting cone to move;
the step of adjusting the pressure value of the slag discharge port of the screw press so that the actual liquid discharge amount is equivalent to the theoretical liquid discharge amount specifically comprises the following steps:
when the actual liquid output amount is larger than the theoretical liquid output amount, controlling the linear driving device to drive the cake supporting cone to enlarge the material slag discharge port so as to reduce the pressure value of the material slag discharge port;
and when the actual liquid output amount is smaller than the theoretical liquid output amount, controlling the linear driving device to drive the cake supporting cone to reduce the material slag discharge port so as to increase the pressure value of the material slag discharge port.
4. A method of controlling a screw press according to claim 1, wherein said preset current is 75-85% of the rated current of the main motor of the screw press.
5. A control apparatus for a screw press, comprising: memory, a processor and a control program of a screw press stored on said memory and operable on said processor, said control program of a screw press being configured to implement the steps of the method of controlling a screw press according to any of claims 1 to 4.
6. A screw press, comprising:
the spiral squeezing device is provided with a squeezing chamber, and a material residue discharge port, a feed port and a liquid outlet which are distributed in the front-back direction are arranged in the squeezing chamber;
the material liquid content monitoring device is used for obtaining the material liquid content of the material at the feed inlet;
the feeding metering device is arranged at the feeding hole and used for metering the actual feeding amount of the material entering the squeezing chamber in unit time;
the liquid outlet metering device is arranged at the liquid outlet and is used for metering the actual liquid outlet amount of the squeezed liquid in unit time;
the slag discharge port pressure adjusting device is arranged at the slag discharge port and used for adjusting the pressure value of the slag discharge port of the screw press; and the number of the first and second groups,
control means for a screw press according to claim 5.
7. The screw press of claim 6, wherein said slag discharge port pressure adjustment means comprises:
the cake supporting cone is movably arranged at the material slag discharge port along the front-back direction; and the number of the first and second groups,
the linear driving device has a forward and backward moving stroke, and the moving end of the linear driving device is connected to the cake supporting cone and used for driving the cake supporting cone to move forward and backward, so that the size of the material slag discharge port is adjusted, and the pressure value of the material slag discharge port is adjusted.
8. The screw press of claim 6 or 7, further comprising:
the current monitoring device is used for monitoring the actual current of the main motor of the screw press; and the number of the first and second groups,
the feeding adjusting device comprises a speed regulator and a screw feeder, wherein the speed regulator is electrically connected to the screw feeder driving motor and is used for controlling the rotating speed of the screw feeder driving motor so as to adjust the feeding speed.
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| CN110014683A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-16 | 武汉轻工大学 | The TT&C system and method for screw oil expeller squeezing chamber performance |
| CN114545987B (en) * | 2022-01-31 | 2022-12-13 | 扬州轻舟机械制造有限公司 | Soy sauce squeezer pressure governing system based on food equipment information net |
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| US4291619A (en) * | 1979-10-17 | 1981-09-29 | Hunt Arthur J | Screw press with controllable rear door |
| US4253390A (en) * | 1979-10-22 | 1981-03-03 | Hunt Arthur J | System for extracting liquids from fruit and the like |
| US5012731A (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1991-05-07 | Yves Maisonneuve | Device for pressing heterogeneous mixtures with regulated pressing force for separating liquid and solid fractions thereof, in particular fruit juices |
| CN201136293Y (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2008-10-22 | 安陆市天星粮油机械设备有限公司 | Novel compressing oil press |
| CN201161453Y (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2008-12-10 | 深圳市朗坤建设发展有限公司 | Dewatering deoiling machine for compression of animal draff |
| CN203172063U (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-09-04 | 武汉工业学院 | Spiral oil press capable of automatically controlling pressure of squeezing chamber |
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