CN108519428A - A kind of device measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge - Google Patents
A kind of device measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge Download PDFInfo
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- CN108519428A CN108519428A CN201810172718.7A CN201810172718A CN108519428A CN 108519428 A CN108519428 A CN 108519428A CN 201810172718 A CN201810172718 A CN 201810172718A CN 108519428 A CN108519428 A CN 108519428A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
- G01N27/68—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas
- G01N27/70—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas and measuring current or voltage
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of apparatus and method measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge, belong to the technical field of instrument and meter and detection.It is described measure atmospheric humidity device include：Microprocessor, high-pressure generating circuit, charging circuit, bleeder circuit, sample circuit and electric discharge device.In the atmospheric humidity measurement method, sample circuit acquires electric discharge device both end voltage in real time；Microprocessor processes Acquisition Circuit output signal obtains electric discharge device discharge voltage, and the relational expression inverting further according to electric discharge device discharge voltage and atmospheric humidity obtains atmospheric humidity.The present invention measures that the atmospheric humidity time is short, solves response time problem when dew cell measures humidity, overcome conventional moisture sensors measures response time slow problem, the moisture measurement being suitable under aerological sounding and high humidity environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of by high-voltage corona discharge measure atmospheric humidity apparatus and method, belong to instrument and meter and
Detection technique field.
Background technology
Humidity is one of important parameter in meteorological element, in weather forecast, environmental monitoring, agricultural production, pharmaceutical production, half
Conductor device processing, food storing, weaving, power generation, aerospace, locomotive naval vessel etc. have important application.In general, wet
Degree sensor should meet claimed below：Fast response speed, small lag；High reliability, long-life；Wider temperature range,
Very small temperature coefficient；Interchangeability is strong, renaturation is good；Easy making, price are low；It can work in corrosive gas
Deng.However, it is desirable to meet above-mentioned requirements comprehensively, it is actually extremely difficult.
In the moisture measurement used in the business of Atmospheric Survey, dew cell is simplest humidity sensor.Wet sensitive
Element mainly has resistance-type, condenser type two major classes.Humistor is one layer of film made of wet sensory material of covering on substrate, when
When on humidity-sensitive film, the resistivity and resistance value of element all change water vapor adsorption in air, are using this characteristic
It can measure humidity.Humicap is usually made of macromolecule membrane capacitance.When ambient humidity changes, humicap
Dielectric constant change, so that its capacitance is also changed, capacitance change is directly proportional to relative humidity.Wet sensitive senses
The accuracy of device is up to 2-3%RH, but the linearity of dew cell and resistance tocrocking are poor.When detecting ambient humidity, dew cell
It is chronically exposed in environment to be measured, it is easy to be contaminated and influence its measurement accuracy and long-time stability.
Dew point method is the temperature measured when humid air reaches saturated humidity, and relative humidity is obtained according to dew-point temperature inverting,
The accuracy of measurement of dew point method is high, and range is wide.But the chilled-mirror type dew point instrument with modern photovoltaic principals is expensive, therefore is typically
It is mating for measuring with standard humidity generator.Measurement with wet is also common humidity measuring method in weather service.Wet and dry bulb
Method is a kind of indirect method, it converses humidity value with wet and dry bulb equation, and this equation is conditional：I.e. near wet bulb
Wind speed must reach 2.5m/s or more.Wet-and-dry-bulb thermometer commonly simplifies this condition, so its accuracy only has 5
~7%RH.
There are one common problems for the above humidity sensor, all there is a response time problem, can not accurately measure wet
Degree changes violent ambient humidity, such as the detection of high-altitude humidity.Measurement error under low humidity and high humidity environment is bigger than normal.
Invention content
Problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency for above-mentioned background technology, provides one kind and is put by high-voltage corona
The apparatus and method of electrical measurement atmospheric humidity.The basic thought of the present invention is added high pressure on any two sharp-point conductor, high pressure
Two sharp-point conductors can be by air ionization, formation corona discharge between conductor when reaching certain voltage value.And meet high-voltage electricity
The voltage value of corona and the humidity of air are closely related.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that for achieving the above object：One kind measuring air by high-voltage corona discharge
The device of humidity, including：Microprocessor, high-pressure generating circuit, charging circuit, bleeder circuit, sample circuit and electric discharge device；Its
In：The high-pressure generating circuit input terminates the output end of microprocessor, and the charging circuit input terminates the high pressure
Raw circuit output end, the bleeder circuit input terminal, electric discharge device are connect with the charging circuit output end respectively, the sampling
Circuit input end connects the bleeder circuit output end, and the sample circuit output terminates the microprocessor input.
The method for measuring atmospheric humidity using the device for measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge, including walk as follows
Suddenly：
Step 1, high-pressure generating circuit starts to export constant high-pressure under the triggering of microprocessor；
Step 2, the constant high-pressure of high-pressure generating circuit output starts to charge to charging circuit and electric discharge device, electric discharge dress
It sets into charge and discharge process in cycles；
Step 3, sample circuit obtains sampled signal according to bleeder circuit output voltage, and microprocessor processes sampled signal obtains
Electric discharge device discharge voltage；
Step 4, microprocessor calculates atmospheric humidity according to the relationship inverting between electric discharge device discharge voltage and atmospheric humidity.
The method for measuring atmospheric humidity using the device for measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge, described in step 3
Electric discharge device discharge voltage profit obtains with the following method：Within the sampling period, the electric discharge device acquired in each charge and discharge process is real
When voltage, microprocessor takes the maximum value of electric discharge device real-time voltage in charge and discharge process as electric discharge device discharge voltage.
The method for measuring atmospheric humidity using the device for measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge, step 4
Described in electric discharge device discharge voltage and atmospheric humidity between relationship be：
Wherein, U0 is discharge voltage of the electric discharge device under standard ambient condition and when discharge electrode distance is fixed value, and U is
The electric discharge device discharge voltage that step 3 measures, δ are relative air density, and H is atmospheric humidity.
The present invention uses above-mentioned technical proposal, has the advantages that：The measurement atmospheric humidity time is short, solves wet sensitive
Element measures response time problem when humidity, and overcome conventional moisture sensors measures response time slow problem, is applicable in
Moisture measurement under aerological sounding and high humidity environment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of device that the present invention measures humidity by discharge voltage；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram that the device of humidity is measured by discharge voltage；
Fig. 3 is electric discharge device both ends charging/discharging voltage variation oscillogram.
Specific implementation mode
The technical solution of invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
It is a kind of by high-voltage corona discharge when discharge voltage value measure the device of humidity as shown in Fig. 1, including：Microprocessor
Device, high-pressure generating circuit, charging circuit, bleeder circuit, sample circuit and electric discharge device.High-pressure generating circuit input terminates micro- place
Device output end is managed, charging circuit input terminates the high-pressure generating circuit output end, bleeder circuit input terminal, electric discharge device difference
It is connect with charging circuit output end, sample circuit input termination bleeder circuit output end, sample circuit output terminates micro- place
Discharge voltage value when device input terminal such as Fig. 2 is by high-voltage corona discharge is managed to measure the physical circuit of the device of humidity
Figure, the branch composition charging circuit that first resistor R1, the first capacitance C1 are connected in series with, the second resistance R2 being connected in series with,
3rd resistor R3 constitutes bleeder circuit, and electric discharge device Q1 is made of two sharp tungsten needles, is under test gas between tungsten needle.First
Resistance R1 mono- terminates high-pressure generating circuit output end, and mono- poles the first capacitance C1 connect the first resistor R1 other ends, the first electricity
Hold another pole ground connection of C1, second resistance R2 mono- terminates the tie point of first resistor R1 and the first capacitance C1, third electricity
It hinders R3 mono- and terminates the second resistance R2 other ends, 3rd resistor R3 other ends ground connection.Analog-digital converter input the second electricity of termination
The tie point of R2 and 3rd resistor R3, output termination microprocessor input are hindered, output end of microprocessor turns by digital-to-analogue
It is connect with high-pressure generating circuit input terminal after parallel operation.
The charging/discharging voltage of electric discharge device is as shown in Figure 3：It is divided into 3 charge and discharge parts part, each charge and discharge process
In, electric discharge device Q1 both end voltages are all increased with 3 ramp functions, discharge process immediately after, electric discharge device Q1 two
The function rapid drawdown that terminal voltage is 1 with slope is 0.By taking the 1st part as an example, electric discharge device Q1 is in charging process, both ends
Air ionization is formed corona discharge process, electric discharge device after electric discharge by the discharge electrode of charge and discharge device when voltage reaches V2 values
The both ends Q1 form short circuit, and corona disappears after electric discharge, and charging circuit again charges to electric discharge device Q1, such 3 charge and discharge
After process, the both ends electric discharge device Q1 form sawtooth voltage.Experiment show electric discharge device Q1 discharge voltages voltage amplitude with
Humidity is related, thus can by acquiring discharge voltages of electric discharge device Q1 under the conditions of different humidity, according to discharge voltage with
The functional relation inverting of humidity obtains humidity.
A kind of detection method measuring humidity by discharge voltage, includes the following steps：
Step 1, microprocessor jointly controls high-pressure generating circuit with analog-digital converter so that high-pressure generating circuit exports 8KV
Constant voltage；
Step 2, high-pressure generating circuit output 8KV constant voltages by first resistor R1 start to the first capacitance C1,
Electric discharge device Q1 chargings, electric discharge device Q1 enter charge and discharge process in cycles.
Step 3, electric discharge device Q1 both end voltages enter sample circuit by bleeder circuit：Sample circuit is in sampling week
In phase, the electric discharge device real-time voltage in each charge and discharge process is acquired, microprocessor takes electric discharge device in charge and discharge process real-time
The maximum value of voltage is as electric discharge device discharge voltage U.
Step 4：Obtained discharge voltage value U will be measured to be updated in following formula（When measuring, electric discharge device
Two discharge electrodes distance be d）：
（1）,
Formula（1）In, U0 is discharge voltage of the tungsten needle under standard ambient condition that discharge electrode distance is d（Normal atmosphere shape
State is P=0.1013MPa, T=20 °C, H=11g/m3）, U is the discharge voltage that step 3 measures, and δ is relative air density,
H is atmospheric humidity.U0 is obtained when passing through Laboratory Calibration, and it is constant that discharge electrode distance, which is d,.
Relative air density is according to formula（2）It is calculated：
（2）；
Formula（2）In, P is atmospheric pressure when measuring humidity, is constant；T is temperature under experimental condition, is constant.
In conclusion the apparatus and method of the present invention for measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge, measure air
The humidity time is short, solves response time problem when dew cell measures humidity, is suitble to the application scenarios quickly measured,
Such as aerological sounding.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of device measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge, which is characterized in that including：Microprocessor, high pressure
Raw circuit, charging circuit, bleeder circuit, sample circuit and electric discharge device；Wherein：Described in the high-pressure generating circuit input termination
Output end of microprocessor, the charging circuit input termination high-pressure generating circuit output end, the bleeder circuit input terminal,
Electric discharge device is connect with the charging circuit output end respectively, and the sample circuit input terminates the bleeder circuit output end,
The sample circuit output terminates the microprocessor input.
2. measuring the side of atmospheric humidity using the device described in claim 1 for measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge
Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, high-pressure generating circuit starts to export constant high-pressure under the triggering of microprocessor；
Step 2, the constant high-pressure of high-pressure generating circuit output starts to charge to charging circuit and electric discharge device, electric discharge dress
It sets into charge and discharge process in cycles；
Step 3, sample circuit obtains sampled signal according to bleeder circuit output voltage, and microprocessor processes sampled signal obtains
Electric discharge device discharge voltage；
Step 4, microprocessor calculates atmospheric humidity according to the relationship inverting between electric discharge device discharge voltage and atmospheric humidity.
3. the device for measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge according to the utilization described in claim 2 measures atmospheric humidity
Method, which is characterized in that the electric discharge device discharge voltage profit described in step 3 obtains with the following method：In the sampling period
It is interior, the electric discharge device real-time voltage in each charge and discharge process is acquired, microprocessor takes electric discharge device in charge and discharge process electric in real time
The maximum value of pressure is as electric discharge device discharge voltage.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 measure atmospheric moisture using the device for measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge
The method of degree, which is characterized in that the electric discharge device discharge voltage described in step 4 and the relationship between atmospheric humidity are：
Wherein, U0 is discharge voltage of the electric discharge device under standard ambient condition and when discharge electrode distance is fixed value, and U is
The electric discharge device discharge voltage that step 3 measures, δ are relative air density, and H is atmospheric humidity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810172718.7A CN108519428A (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | A kind of device measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810172718.7A CN108519428A (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | A kind of device measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge |
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| CN108519428A true CN108519428A (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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| CN201810172718.7A Withdrawn CN108519428A (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | A kind of device measuring atmospheric humidity by high-voltage corona discharge |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113424056A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-09-21 | 蒂科比莱德比利时公司 | Sensor, system and method for detecting or sensing moisture or humidity of an article |
-
2018
- 2018-03-01 CN CN201810172718.7A patent/CN108519428A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113424056A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-09-21 | 蒂科比莱德比利时公司 | Sensor, system and method for detecting or sensing moisture or humidity of an article |
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Application publication date: 20180911 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |