CN108517533B - Electrolytic hydrogen production control method and device - Google Patents
Electrolytic hydrogen production control method and device Download PDFInfo
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000000195 production control method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 38
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
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- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method and a device for electrolytic hydrogen production, wherein the control method for electrolytic hydrogen production comprises the following steps: acquiring power generation output power; when the power generation output power is larger than a preset starting threshold value, starting any electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production; and when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power, keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production. According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method and device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the electrolytic cell is controlled through the starting threshold and the first preset power, so that the electrolytic cell can be started and electrolyzed to produce hydrogen when the input power is very small, and the electrolytic cell can be prevented from stopping as long as the input power of a single electrolytic cell can be kept above the starting threshold, and the reduction of the starting and stopping times of the electrolytic cell is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, in particular to a control method and a device for electrolytic hydrogen production.
Background
Hydrogen energy storage is a large-scale energy storage technology developed by utilizing the interconversion between electricity and hydrogen energy, and for example, renewable energy sources can be used for producing hydrogen to realize the consumption and storage of the renewable energy sources. In an electrolytic hydrogen production system, when the output of a power supply is unstable, the power supply is directly connected to an electrolytic cell, which affects the hydrogen production and the service life of the electrolytic cell. Taking the example of hydrogen production by electrolysis of renewable energy sources, the renewable energy source power generation has randomness and unstable characteristics, such as an output power curve graph of 40kW photovoltaic power generation equipment in a certain area in 6 months and a certain day in 2017 shown in fig. 1; wherein the abscissa represents time, and the ordinate represents the power generation output power of the photovoltaic power generation equipment, and the unit is kW. The photovoltaic power generation output power shown in the figure 1 is connected into three electrolytic tanks (namely an electrolytic tank a1, an electrolytic tank a2 and an electrolytic tank a3) with the rated power of 12kW so as to electrolyze and produce hydrogen. The control strategy of the electrolytic cell in the prior art is simple, and the control is generally carried out by adopting the rated power of the electrolytic cell, for example, when the power generation output power of renewable energy is greater than that of the electrolytic cell a1Rated power P ofratedWhen the electrolytic bath a is opened1(ii) a When the power generation output power of the renewable energy source is increased and reaches the electrolytic bath a1And an electrolytic cell a2Rated power of 2PratedWhen the electrolytic bath a is opened2(ii) a And so on. Under the simple start-stop control strategy for the electrolytic cell, the start-stop of the electrolytic cell is very frequent. Through experiments, the electrolytic cell a is started and stopped under the existing simple start-stop strategy3The number of start-ups exceeds 100, i.e. a start-down of 1 is required approximately every 4.8 minutes during the 8 hours of operation of the photovoltaic plant, which is clearly disadvantageous for stable operation of the electrolysis cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production control method and device, so as to reduce the number of start-stop times of an electrolytic cell in an electrolytic hydrogen production process when the power generation output power fluctuates.
According to a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electrolytic hydrogen production control method, including: acquiring power generation output power; when the power generation output power is larger than a preset starting threshold value, starting any electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production; and when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches a first preset power, keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the start and the operation of the electrolytic cell are controlled by setting two thresholds, namely the start threshold and the first preset power, so that the electrolytic cell can be started and electrolyzed to produce hydrogen when the input power is very small, namely the input power reaches the start threshold, and the electrolytic cell can be prevented from being stopped as long as the input power of a single electrolytic cell can be kept above the start threshold, thereby reducing the start-stop times of the electrolytic cell. In addition, under the condition that the total amount of the power generation output power is not large, the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention can control the input power of a single electrolytic cell, so that the input power of each electrolytic cell does not exceed the first preset power, the aim of balanced distribution of the power generation output power is achieved, more electrolytic cells can be started under the condition that the total amount of the power generation output power is not large, and the hydrogen yield is increased.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first embodiment of the first aspect, after the starting the next electrolytic cell for hydrogen production by electrolysis, the method further includes: and repeating the steps of keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power until the power generation output power is not increased any more, wherein the first preset power is less than the rated power of the electrolytic cell.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the process of continuously increasing the power generation output power, the input power of each electrolytic cell is respectively controlled through the starting threshold and the first preset power, so that the reasonable distribution and use of the newly increased part in the power generation output power are realized, the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell, and the balanced distribution of the power generation output power is realized.
With reference to the first aspect, in a second embodiment of the first aspect, after the starting the next electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis, the method further includes: and repeating the steps of keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power, until all the electrolytic cells are started and the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the first preset power, wherein the first preset power is smaller than the rated power of the electrolytic cells.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the input power of each electrolytic cell is respectively controlled through the starting threshold and the first preset power, and under the condition that the power generation output power does not reach the sum of the rated power of each electrolytic cell, the reasonable distribution and use of a newly added part in the power generation output power are realized, the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell, so that each electrolytic cell can stably run under the first preset power.
With reference to the second embodiment of the first aspect, in the third embodiment of the first aspect, after all the electrolysis cells are started and the input power of all the electrolysis cells reaches the first preset power, the method further includes: distributing the rest power generation output power to any electrolytic cell; when the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the rated power, keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the rated power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell; and repeating the steps of keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the rated power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell when the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the rated power until the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the rated power.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, when each electrolytic cell can stably operate under the first preset power, newly increased power generation output power is gradually distributed, so that each electrolytic cell reaches the rated power one by one, the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell, and each electrolytic cell can stably operate under the rated power.
With reference to the second embodiment of the first aspect, in the fourth embodiment of the first aspect, after all the electrolysis cells are started and the input power of all the electrolysis cells reaches the first preset power, the method further includes: distributing the rest power generation output power to any electrolytic cell; when the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the next preset power, keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the next preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell; and repeating the steps of keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the next preset power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell when the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the next preset power until the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the next preset power, wherein the next preset power is greater than the first preset power and less than the rated power of the electrolytic cell.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the next preset power is additionally arranged outside the starting threshold and the first preset power, and meanwhile, the starting threshold, the first preset power and the next preset power are utilized to control the input power of each electrolytic cell, so that the further detailed management of the power generation output power and the input power of the electrolytic cells is realized, and the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell.
With reference to the fourth embodiment of the first aspect, in the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, after the input power of all the electrolysis cells reaches the next preset power, the method further includes: repeating said distributing the remaining power generation output power to any one of the electrolysis cells; when the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the next preset power, keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the next preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell; and repeating the step of keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the next preset power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell when the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the next preset power until the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the next preset power, wherein the next preset power is larger than the first preset power and smaller than the rated power of the electrolytic cells, and the step of keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the next preset power until the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the rated power.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of preset powers are additionally arranged outside the starting threshold and the first preset power, and meanwhile, the starting threshold, the first preset power and the plurality of preset powers are utilized to control the input power of each electrolytic cell, so that the management of the power generation output power and the input power of each electrolytic cell can be refined according to actual needs, the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell, and the flexibility of electrolytic hydrogen production control is increased.
According to a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide another electrolytic hydrogen production control method, including: acquiring the power generation output power required for electrolytic hydrogen production according to the first aspect or the electrolytic hydrogen production control method of any embodiment of the first aspect; when the power generation output power is reduced, correspondingly reducing the input power of the recently started electrolytic cell and keeping the input power of other started electrolytic cells; and when the input power of the recently started electrolytic cell is less than a starting threshold value, closing the recently started electrolytic cell.
The electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention correspondingly reduces the electric energy distributed on the recently started electrolytic cell when the power generation output power is reduced, and keeps the input power of other electrolytic cells, thereby being beneficial to the stable work of other electrolytic cells.
With reference to the second aspect, in a first embodiment of the second aspect, after the shutting down the most recently activated electrolytic cell, the method further comprises: and repeating the steps of correspondingly reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell which is started recently and keeping the input power of other electrolytic cells which are started up when the power generation output power is reduced, and closing the electrolytic cell which is started up recently when the input power of the electrolytic cell which is started up recently is smaller than a starting threshold value until the power generation output power is not reduced any more.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the power generation output power is continuously reduced, the electrolytic cells are sequentially closed according to the reverse order of the starting sequence of the electrolytic cells, so that the electrolytic cells are closed after being started, and the stable work of the electrolytic cells started before is facilitated.
According to a third aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production control device, which comprises a power acquisition unit, a hydrogen storage unit and a hydrogen output unit, wherein the power acquisition unit is used for acquiring output power of power generation and input power of each electrolytic cell; the starting unit is used for starting any electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production when the power generation output power is greater than a preset starting threshold value; and the distribution unit is used for keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production.
According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production control apparatus, including: the power acquisition unit is used for acquiring the output power of power generation and the input power of each electrolytic cell; the input control unit is used for correspondingly reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell which is started recently and keeping the input power of other started electrolytic cells when the power generation output power is reduced; and the closing unit is used for closing the recently started electrolytic tank when the input power of the recently started electrolytic tank is less than a starting threshold value.
According to a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production control apparatus, including: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory having stored therein computer instructions, the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the method for controlling electrolytic hydrogen production as described in the first aspect, any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.
According to a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a power generation device, an electrolytic cell, a storage and a processor, wherein the power generation device is used for providing a power supply for electrolytic hydrogen production of the electrolytic cell; the electrolytic bath is used for producing hydrogen by electrolysis; the power generation device, the electrolytic cell, the memory and the processor are communicatively connected with each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to execute the electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to any one of the first aspect, any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, the second aspect or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.
According to a seventh aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method for controlling electrolytic hydrogen production as described in the first aspect, any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 shows a graph of the output power of a 40kW photovoltaic power plant in a certain area at a certain date in 6 months in 2017;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of one specific example of an electrolytic hydrogen production system;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a specific example of an electrolytic hydrogen production control method in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a specific example of another electrolytic hydrogen production control method in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a specific example of a third electrolytic hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a specific example of a fourth electrolytic hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a specific example of a fifth electrolytic hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a specific example of a sixth electrolytic hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a specific example of an electrolytic hydrogen production control apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a specific example of another electrolytic hydrogen production control apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a specific example of a third electrolytic hydrogen production control apparatus in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a specific example of an electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the electrolytic hydrogen production system. The power output of the power supply is connected to a plurality of electrolytic cells, and three electrolytic cells are illustrated in fig. 2. The electrolytic cell utilizes the power generation output of the power supply to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production.
For the system for producing hydrogen by electrolysis as shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling hydrogen production by electrolysis, which may include the following steps as shown in fig. 3:
step S101: and acquiring the output power of power generation. In one embodiment, renewable energy power generation, such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, may be used as a power source for hydrogen production by electrolysis in an electrolysis cell.
Step S102: judging whether the power generation output power is greater than a preset starting threshold value or not; step S103 is performed when the power generation output power is greater than the preset activation threshold, and no operation is performed when the power generation output power is less than or equal to the preset activation threshold.
Step S103: any one of the electrolytic cells is started to perform electrolytic hydrogen production. The embodiment of the invention presets a smaller starting threshold value for the electrolytic cell, and when the power generation output power reaches the starting threshold value, the electrolytic cell can be started to electrolyze and produce hydrogen. In a specific embodiment, the start-up threshold may be set to 0.5kW, so that when the photovoltaic power generation apparatus shown in fig. 1 is used as the power source in fig. 2, the electrolytic cell a1 in fig. 2 is started to electrolyze to produce hydrogen when the output power reaches 0.5 kW. Compared with a simple start-stop strategy that the electrolytic cell a1 can be started when the output power of the photovoltaic power generation equipment reaches the rated power of 12kW, the electrolytic cell can be started earlier by the start threshold value, and the utilization efficiency of the power generation output is improved.
Step S104: judging whether the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches a first preset power; and when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power, executing the step S105, and when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell does not reach the first preset power, not executing any operation. The first preset power is less than the rated power of the electrolytic cell.
Step S105: and keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at a first preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell for electrolytic hydrogen production. In one embodiment, when the output power of the photovoltaic power generation device shown in fig. 1 is continuously increased and the input power of the electrolytic cell a1 reaches the first preset power, the input power of the electrolytic cell a1 is maintained at the first preset power, and the part of the output power of the photovoltaic power generation device, which exceeds the output power of the electrolytic cell a1, is distributed to the electrolytic cell a 2; when the input power of the electrolytic cell a2 reaches a starting threshold, the electrolytic cell a2 is started to perform electrolytic hydrogen production. Compared with a simple start-stop strategy that each electrolytic cell needs to work under the rated power of 12kW, the first preset power smaller than the rated power can control the input power of the started electrolytic cell, more electrolytic cells are started under the limited power output power, and the utilization efficiency of the power generation output power and each electrolytic cell is improved.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the start and the operation of the electrolytic cell are controlled by setting two thresholds, namely the start threshold and the first preset power, so that the electrolytic cell can be started and electrolyzed to produce hydrogen when the input power is very small, namely the input power reaches the start threshold, and the electrolytic cell can be prevented from being stopped as long as the input power of a single electrolytic cell can be kept above the start threshold, thereby reducing the start-stop times of the electrolytic cell. In addition, under the condition that the total amount of the power generation output power is not large, the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention can control the input power of a single electrolytic cell, so that the input power of each electrolytic cell does not exceed the first preset power, the aim of balanced distribution of the power generation output power is achieved, more electrolytic cells can be started under the condition that the total amount of the power generation output power is not large, and the hydrogen yield is increased.
Under the condition that the power output of the power supply is continuously increased, the embodiment of the invention provides another electrolytic hydrogen production control method, which comprises the steps S101 to S105 in the electrolytic hydrogen production control method, and details are not repeated herein for avoiding repetition. As shown in fig. 4, another control method for hydrogen production by electrolysis according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include, after step S105, the following steps:
step S201: and judging whether the power generation output power is increased or not. According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, only under the condition that the power generation output power is continuously increased, more electrolytic cells are controlled to be started to produce hydrogen through electrolysis; in the case where the power generation output power is reduced, however, it should be considered to shut down the electrolytic cell. When the power generation output power continues to increase, it returns to step S104 to start more electrolytic cells. Under the condition that the power generation output power is continuously increased, on one hand, the input power of the started electrolytic cell can be maintained, and on the other hand, the excessive part in the power generation output power can be distributed to other electrolytic cells which are not started, so that more electrolytic cell starting operations can be controlled, and the hydrogen yield is improved. When the power generation output power is not increased any more, no operation is performed.
In a specific embodiment, when the output power of the photovoltaic power generation device shown in fig. 1 is continuously increased and the input power of the electrolytic cell a1 and the electrolytic cell a2 reach the first preset power, the input power of the electrolytic cell a1 and the input power of the electrolytic cell a2 are both kept at the first preset power, and the part of the output power of the photovoltaic power generation device, which exceeds the requirements of the electrolytic cell a1 and the electrolytic cell a2, is distributed to the electrolytic cell a 3; when the input power of the electrolytic cell a3 reaches a starting threshold, the electrolytic cell a3 is started to perform electrolytic hydrogen production.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the process of continuously increasing the power generation output power, the input power of each electrolytic cell is respectively controlled through the starting threshold and the first preset power, so that the reasonable distribution and use of the newly increased part in the power generation output power are realized, the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell, and the balanced distribution of the power generation output power is realized.
Under the condition that the power generation output power of the power supply is continuously increased, the favorable situation that each electrolytic cell stably runs under the first preset power can be realized through reasonable control on the input power of each electrolytic cell. Fig. 5 shows a third electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which includes steps S101 to S105 in the above electrolytic hydrogen production control method, and details are not repeated herein to avoid repetition. As shown in fig. 5, the third control method for electrolytic hydrogen production according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include, after step S105, the following steps:
step S301: and judging whether all the electrolytic tanks are started and whether the input power of all the electrolytic tanks reaches a first preset power. And when the situation that all the electrolytic cells are not started and the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the first preset power is not realized, returning to the step S104 to start more electrolytic cells. When all the electrolytic cells are started and the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the first preset power, no operation is executed.
In one embodiment, after the first execution of steps S104 and S105, cell a1 and cell a2 are started, and the input power of cell a1 reaches a first preset power; after the second execution of steps S104 and S105, the cell a3 is started, and the input power of the cell a1 and the cell a2 reach the first preset power; if the power generation output power is further increased, the input power of the electrolytic bath a3 reaches and maintains the first preset power.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the input power of each electrolytic cell is respectively controlled through the starting threshold and the first preset power, and under the condition that the power generation output power does not reach the sum of the rated power of each electrolytic cell, the reasonable distribution and use of a newly added part in the power generation output power are realized, the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell, so that each electrolytic cell can stably run under the first preset power.
Under the condition that the power generation output power of the power supply is continuously increased, the input power of each electrolytic cell can be stably increased to rated power from first preset power one by one through reasonable control on the input power of each electrolytic cell. Fig. 6 shows a fourth method for controlling hydrogen production by electrolysis according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes steps S101 to S105 and step S301 in the above method for controlling hydrogen production by electrolysis, and therefore, for avoiding repetition, the details are not repeated herein. As shown in fig. 6, the fourth control method for electrolytic hydrogen production according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include, after step S301, the following steps:
step S401: distributing the rest power generation output power to any electrolytic cell. In one embodiment, after steps S104 to S105 and S301, the cells a1 to a3 are all started and the input power reaches the first predetermined power; at this time, if the power generation output power continues to increase, the part of the power generation output power exceeding the input power from the electrolytic cell a1 to the electrolytic cell a3 can be distributed to the electrolytic cell a1 to increase the input power of the electrolytic cell a1, so that the input power of the electrolytic cell a1 is increased from the first preset power to the rated power.
Step S402: and judging whether the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the rated power. When the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the rated power, executing the step S403; and when the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell does not reach the rated power, returning to the step S401.
Step S403: keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the rated power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell. In one embodiment, after steps S401 to S402, the input power of the electrolytic cell a1 reaches the rated power, and the new portion of the output power of the power generation can be distributed to the electrolytic cell a2, so that the input power of the electrolytic cell a2 is increased from the first preset power to the rated power.
Step S404: and judging whether the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the rated power. When the input power of all the electrolytic cells does not reach the rated power, the step S402 is repeated; when the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the rated power, no operation is performed.
In one embodiment, after the first execution of steps S402 and S403, the input power of the electrolytic cell a1 reaches the rated power; after the second execution of steps S402 and S403, the input power of the electrolytic cell a1 and the electrolytic cell a2 reaches the rated power, but the input power of the electrolytic cell a3 does not reach the rated power yet, and if the power generation output power is further increased, the input power of the electrolytic cell a3 reaches and maintains the rated power.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, when each electrolytic cell can stably operate under the first preset power, newly increased power generation output power is gradually distributed, so that each electrolytic cell reaches the rated power one by one, the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell, and each electrolytic cell can stably operate under the rated power.
In practical application, sometimes more detailed management and control of the input power of the electrolytic cell are needed, and thus, besides the first preset power, a plurality of preset powers are added between the first preset power and the rated power, each electrolytic cell is enabled to reach each preset power one by one, and the process that each electrolytic cell reaches one preset power is called one-stage operation, namely, the electrolytic cell is managed and controlled by multi-stage operation. Fig. 7 shows a fifth method for controlling electrolytic hydrogen production according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes steps S101 to S105 and step S301 in the above method for controlling electrolytic hydrogen production, and is not repeated herein for avoiding repetition. As shown in fig. 7, the fifth electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include, after step S301, the following steps:
step S501: distributing the rest power generation output power to any electrolytic cell.
Step S502: and judging whether the currently distributed electrolytic tank reaches the next preset power. When the currently distributed electrolytic tank reaches the next preset power, executing the step S503; when the currently allocated electrolytic tank does not reach the next preset power, the step S501 is returned to continuously increase the input power of the currently allocated electrolytic tank.
Step S503: and keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the next preset power, and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell.
Step S504: and judging whether the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the next preset power. When the input power of all the electrolytic cells does not reach the next preset power, returning to the step S502; when the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the next preset power, step S505 is executed.
Step S505: and judging whether the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the rated power. When the input power of all the electrolytic cells does not reach the rated power, returning to the step 502; when the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the rated power, no operation is performed.
According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of preset powers are additionally arranged outside the starting threshold and the first preset power, and meanwhile, the starting threshold, the first preset power and the plurality of preset powers are utilized to control the input power of each electrolytic cell, so that the management of the power generation output power and the input power of each electrolytic cell can be refined according to actual needs, the power generation output power is prevented from being continuously and intensively distributed to a certain electrolytic cell, and the flexibility of electrolytic hydrogen production control is increased.
When the power output of the power supply is reduced, the input power of the electrolytic cells needs to be controlled to close the electrolytic cells one by one. Fig. 8 shows a sixth method for controlling hydrogen production by electrolysis according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can correspondingly control to reduce the input power of the electrolytic cell and gradually close the electrolytic cell when the output power of power generation is reduced, and is suitable for each method for controlling hydrogen production by electrolysis shown in fig. 3 to 7. As shown in fig. 8, a sixth electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:
step S601: and acquiring the output power of power generation.
Step S602: and judging whether the power generation output power is reduced or not. When the power generation output power decreases, step S603 is executed; when the power generation output power is not reduced, no operation is performed.
Step S603: correspondingly reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell which is started recently, and maintaining the input power of other started electrolytic cells.
Step S604: and judging whether the input power of the recently started electrolytic cell is smaller than a starting threshold value. When the input power of the recently started electrolytic cell is less than the starting threshold, executing the step S605; when the input power of the electrolytic cell which has been started up recently is not less than the start-up threshold, no operation is performed.
Step S605: the most recently started electrolytic cell is closed and the process returns to step S602.
The electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention correspondingly reduces the electric energy distributed on the recently started electrolytic cell when the power generation output power is reduced, and keeps the input power of other electrolytic cells, thereby being beneficial to the stable work of other electrolytic cells. Under the condition that the power generation output power is continuously reduced, the electrolytic cells are closed in sequence according to the reverse order of the starting sequence of the electrolytic cells, so that the electrolytic cells are closed after being started, and the stable work of the electrolytic cells started before is facilitated.
The results of the electrolytic hydrogen production control method provided by the embodiment of the invention in terms of hydrogen yield and the improvement of the start-up and shut-down times of the electrolytic cell are verified by a set of experiments.
The photovoltaic power generation output power shown in figure 1 is connected into three electrolytic cells (namely an electrolytic cell a1, an electrolytic cell a2 and an electrolytic cell a3) with the rated power of 12kW, and as can be seen from figure 1, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is mostly below 36kW, so that 3 12kW electrolytic cells can absorb the photovoltaic output mostly. 5 different first preset powers are selected in the simulation: 2kW, 4kW, 6kW, 8kW, 10kW are expressed by two-stage operation strategy working condition 1, working condition 2, working condition 3, working condition 4, working condition 5, respectively. In all operating strategies, when the photovoltaic output increases, the electrolyzer a is started first1Then in turn is an electrolytic cell a2An electrolytic cell a3(ii) a When the photovoltaic output is reduced, the electrolytic bath a is firstly closed3Then in turn is an electrolytic cell a2An electrolytic cell a1. The simulation results are shown in table 1. Due to the adoption of the first start-up electrolytic tank a1And finally the electrolytic cell a is closed when the electrolytic cell is closed1In the simulation results of the three types of start-stop strategies, the electrolytic cell a1The number of start-stops is minimal. In actual operation, the balance utilization of each module can be considered, and a strategy of 'starting and then closing' is adopted when the electrolytic cell is closed.
At slow full start-up in Table 1, the minimum start-up power P is set for each cellsWhen the photovoltaic output is greater than the electrolytic bath a1At minimum starting power, cell a1Opening; then the electrolytic bath a1The output power of the solar cell increases along with the increase of photovoltaic output, and when the photovoltaic output continues to increase, the photovoltaic output exceeds the electrolytic cell a1Rated power and exceeding the electrolytic cell a2At the minimum starting power of (a), the electrolytic cell (a) is started2(ii) a And so on.
Under the two-stage operating strategy in table 1, each cell was operated in 2 power stages. Defining the parameter i as the start-up sequence of the electrolyzer, PstageA first preset power for each electrolyser module. When photovoltaic output PPVGreater than the electrolytic cell a1Minimum starting power PsIn time, the electrolytic bath a1Opening; when the photovoltaic goes outForce increase over cell a1P ofstageWhen the excess photovoltaic output is distributed to the electrolytic bath a2(ii) a When the photovoltaic output is continuously increased and exceeds the electrolytic bath a2P ofstageWhen the excess photovoltaic output is distributed to the electrolytic bath a3And repeating the steps until the photovoltaic output is increased to the start of all the electrolytic cells, and finishing the start of the first stage by the electrolytic cells. If the photovoltaic output continues to increase, the excess will be redistributed to the electrolytic bath a1To make it reach rated power PratedThen are sequentially distributed to the electrolytic bath a2，a3，…，anUntil all the electrolytic cells reach the rated power Prated。
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the cell a is started and stopped simply3The number of start-stops exceeded 100 times, i.e. the cell a was operated approximately every 4.8 minutes during a run time of the photovoltaic system of 8 hours3The shut-down is started 1 time, which is obviously detrimental to the operating stability of the cell. Under the slow start strategy, the start-stop frequency of the electrolytic cell is reduced to a certain extent compared with the simple start-stop strategy, which is equivalent to 1 start-stop time every 10 min. Under the two-stage operation strategy provided by the embodiment of the invention, the start-stop times and the hydrogen production of the electrolytic cell are improved to different degrees. Wherein, the start-stop conditions of the working condition 1 and the working condition 2 are ideal, and compared with a simple start-stop strategy, the electrolytic cell a1The number of start-stop times of (a) is 0, and the electrolytic cell (a)2The start-stop times of the electrolytic bath a are reduced by 66 percent3The number of start-stops was reduced by 83%. Meanwhile, the hydrogen yield is remarkably improved compared with the former two control strategies, and is increased by about 35 percent compared with the simple start-stop strategy, which means that the efficiency and the service life of the electrolytic hydrogen production are improved to a certain extent. The first preset power P under different photovoltaic output conditionsstageThe selection of (A) has great influence on the result of electrolytic hydrogen production of the electrolytic cell, PstageWhen the value of (A) is 4kW, the hydrogen production amount reaches the maximum, and then, the value is accompanied by PstageValue takingThe hydrogen production amount gradually decreases. Therefore, in actual operation, P is properly adjusted according to different photovoltaic outputstageThe hydrogen production of the electrolysis cell can be brought to a higher level.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production control device, as shown in fig. 9, including: a power acquisition unit 601, a start-up unit 602 and a distribution unit 603.
The power acquisition unit 601 is used for acquiring power generation output power and input power of each electrolytic cell; the detailed content is described in step S101 in the above embodiment of the method.
The starting unit 602 is configured to start any one of the electrolysis cells to perform hydrogen production by electrolysis when the power generation output power is greater than a preset starting threshold; the detailed contents of the above method embodiment are described in step S102 to step S103.
The distribution unit is used for keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production; the detailed contents of the above method embodiment are described in step S104 to step S105.
Another hydrogen production control device is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 10, the hydrogen production control device may include a power obtaining unit 901, an input control unit 902, and a shutdown unit 903.
The power acquisition unit 901 is used for acquiring the output power of power generation and the input power of each electrolytic cell; the detailed content is described in step S601 in the above embodiment of the method.
The input control unit 902 is used for correspondingly reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell which is started recently and keeping the input power of other started electrolytic cells when the power generation output power is reduced; the detailed contents of the method embodiment are described in step S602 to step S603.
The closing unit 903 is used for closing the recently started electrolytic cell when the input power of the recently started electrolytic cell is smaller than a starting threshold; the detailed contents of the above method embodiment are described in step S604 to step S605.
A third electrolytic hydrogen production control device is further provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11, the electrolytic hydrogen production control device may include a processor 701 and a memory 702, where the processor 701 and the memory 702 may be connected by a bus or by another method, and fig. 11 illustrates the connection by the bus.
The memory 702 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created by the processor 701, and the like. Further, the memory 702 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 702 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 701, which may be connected to processor 701 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 702 and, when executed by the processor 701, perform the electrolytic hydrogen production control method in the embodiment shown in fig. 3-8.
The details of the electrolytic hydrogen production control device can be understood by referring to the corresponding descriptions and effects in the embodiments shown in fig. 3 to 8, and the details are not described herein again.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD), a Solid State Drive (SSD), or the like; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus, as shown in fig. 12, the electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus may include: a power generation device 801, an electrolytic cell 802, a processor 803, and a memory 804. The power generation device 801 is used for providing electric power output power to drive the electrolytic cell to work; the electrolytic cell 802 is used for electrolytic hydrogen production; the power generation device 801, the electrolytic cell 802, the memory 804 and the processor 803 are connected in communication with each other, the memory 804 stores computer instructions, and the processor 803 executes the computer instructions to execute the electrolytic hydrogen production control method in the above method embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. An electrolytic hydrogen production control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring power generation output power;
when the power generation output power is larger than a preset starting threshold value, starting any electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production;
when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches a first preset power, keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to a next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production;
wherein the first preset power is less than the rated power of the electrolytic cell.
2. The electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to claim 1, further comprising, after the starting of the next electrolytic cell for electrolytic hydrogen production:
and repeating the steps of keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power until the power generation output power is not increased any more.
3. The electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to claim 1, further comprising, after the starting of the next electrolytic cell for electrolytic hydrogen production:
and repeating the steps of keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the first preset power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power until all electrolytic cells are started and the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the first preset power.
4. The electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to claim 3, further comprising, after all the electrolytic cells are started and the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the first preset power:
distributing the rest power generation output power to any electrolytic cell;
when the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the rated power, keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the rated power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell;
and repeating the steps of keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the rated power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell when the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the rated power until the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the rated power.
5. The electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to claim 3, further comprising, after all the electrolytic cells are started and the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the first preset power:
distributing the rest power generation output power to any electrolytic cell;
when the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the next preset power, keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the next preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell;
and repeating the steps of keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the next preset power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell when the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the next preset power until the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the next preset power, wherein the next preset power is greater than the first preset power and less than the rated power of the electrolytic cell.
6. The electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to claim 5, further comprising, after the input power of all the electrolytic cells reaches the next preset power:
repeating said distributing the remaining power generation output power to any one of the electrolysis cells; when the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the next preset power, keeping the input power of the currently distributed electrolytic cell at the next preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell; and repeating the step of keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the next preset power and distributing the rest power generation output power to the next electrolytic cell when the currently distributed electrolytic cell reaches the next preset power until the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the next preset power, wherein the next preset power is larger than the first preset power and smaller than the rated power of the electrolytic cells, and the step of keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at the next preset power until the input power of all electrolytic cells reaches the rated power.
7. An electrolytic hydrogen production control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring power generation output power;
when the power generation output power is reduced, correspondingly reducing the input power of the recently started electrolytic cell and keeping the input power of other started electrolytic cells;
and when the input power of the recently started electrolytic cell is less than a starting threshold value, closing the recently started electrolytic cell.
8. The electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to claim 7, further comprising, after the shutting down the most recently activated electrolytic cell:
and repeating the steps of correspondingly reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell which is started recently and keeping the input power of other electrolytic cells which are started up when the power generation output power is reduced, and closing the electrolytic cell which is started up recently when the input power of the electrolytic cell which is started up recently is smaller than a starting threshold value until the power generation output power is not reduced any more.
9. An electrolytic hydrogen production control device, characterized by comprising:
the power acquisition unit is used for acquiring the output power of power generation and the input power of each electrolytic cell;
the starting unit is used for starting any electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production when the power generation output power is greater than a preset starting threshold value;
the distribution unit is used for keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell at a first preset power when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches the first preset power, and distributing the residual power generation output power to a next electrolytic cell to start the next electrolytic cell to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production;
wherein the first preset power is less than the rated power of the electrolytic cell.
10. An electrolytic hydrogen production control device, characterized by comprising:
the power acquisition unit is used for acquiring the output power of power generation and the input power of each electrolytic cell;
the input control unit is used for correspondingly reducing the input power of the electrolytic cell which is started recently and keeping the input power of other started electrolytic cells when the power generation output power is reduced;
and the closing unit is used for closing the recently started electrolytic tank when the input power of the recently started electrolytic tank is less than a starting threshold value.
11. An electrolytic hydrogen production control device, characterized by comprising:
a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory having stored therein computer instructions, the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
12. An electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus, comprising:
the device comprises a power generation device, an electrolytic cell, a memory and a processor;
the power generation device is used for providing a power supply for the electrolytic hydrogen production of the electrolytic bath;
the electrolytic bath is used for producing hydrogen by electrolysis;
the power generation device, the electrolytic cell, the memory and the processor are communicatively connected with each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to execute the electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
13. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the electrolytic hydrogen production control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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