CN108511092A - A kind of integral structure that nuclear fuel element is nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe - Google Patents
A kind of integral structure that nuclear fuel element is nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108511092A CN108511092A CN201810611499.8A CN201810611499A CN108511092A CN 108511092 A CN108511092 A CN 108511092A CN 201810611499 A CN201810611499 A CN 201810611499A CN 108511092 A CN108511092 A CN 108511092A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat pipe
- nuclear fuel
- fuel element
- cooling heat
- parallel type
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
- G21C15/257—Promoting flow of the coolant using heat-pipes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the integral structures that a kind of nuclear fuel element is nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe, including circuit parallel type to cool down heat pipe, the rectangular parallelepiped structure that bottom surface is square or bottom surface as the nuclear fuel element of the hexagonal prisms structure of regular hexagon；Circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe is connected by two straight pipes and two U-shaped elbows, the evaporator section of two straight pipes is respectively placed in the core bore in the middle part of two adjacent nuclear fuel elements, the central steam area of cooling heat pipe includes evaporator section, adiabatic section, condensation segment successively from bottom to top in the axial direction, and the length of evaporator section is consistent with the length of nuclear fuel element；It is fuel pellet inside nuclear fuel element, outside is involucrum, and the tube wall of center cooling heat pipe is integrated with the involucrum design on the inside of nuclear fuel element centre bore.Overall structure is simple, compact in design, safe, good heat-transfer, adaptability are good, especially suitable for nuclear reactor for space and other small-sized nuclear reactors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear energy power generation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of nuclear fuel element cools down heat pipe with circuit parallel type
Nested integral structure.
Background technology
With the ripe expansion with space probation application demand of continuous development of space probation technology, the mankind put sight
The celestial body even remotely from the solar system far from the earth has been arrived, and has been ground it is desirable that building space base on celestial body and carrying out relevant science
Study carefully.Future other celestial body surfaces (such as moon, Mars) carry out space base construction, by with very great science,
Military and political is worth.The construction of space base is faced with complicated, severe space environment, the energy stablize supply and management at
For the important leverage of space base normal operation.Sun-generated electric power and chemical energy power supply are because of the inherent shortcoming of itself, Wu Fake
The clothes such as influence of some factors of day-night change, fuel reserves, makes its application on space base by great limitation.It is empty
Between nuclear reactor power supply is affected by environment, power is big, long lifespan, safe and reliable, energy supply sustainability is strong, therefore recognized
To be space base and ideal reliable energy supply scheme in other survey of deep space tasks.
Since nuclear reactor for space has many irreplaceable advantages in space base and other survey of deep space tasks,
The states such as the U.S., Russia, Japan, France have carried out many in-depth studies to nuclear reactor for space, and propose tens of kinds of skies
Between nuclear reactor scheme, the type of cooling includes gas cooling, cooling, the heat pipe cooling of liquid metal etc..Due to space base ring
The complexity in border, passive cooling technology is the first choice of nuclear reactor for space, and heat pipe cooling technology is with high heat conductance, height
The passive cooling technology of the advantages that transient feedback performance, high reliability, low-maintenance demand, therefore nuclear reactor for space is set at present
Meter mostly uses heat pipe to cool down.
In existing space nuclear reactor designs, single cooling heat pipe is disposed in fuel element, in reactor core radial direction cloth
It sets, the meeting that existing arrangement has leads between fuel element and heat pipe that there are gaps, causes filling fuels rate relatively low, and
After gap between fuel element and heat pipe is filled by structural material, lead to nuclear reactor critical mass and the total matter of reactor core
The increase of amount；Some meetings propose very high requirement to the reliability of single heat pipe, once there is a heat pipe failure, at the heat pipe
Heat caused by nuclear fuel element is difficult to be taken away by the heat pipe of surrounding, may result in the damage of nuclear fuel element.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of safe, good reliability, compact in design
The nested integral structure of nuclear fuel element and circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of nuclear fuel element integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe, including nuclear fuel element and cold
But heat pipe, cooling heat pipe are placed in nuclear fuel element center, and the both ends of the cooling heat pipe at two adjacent nuclear fuel element centers
It is connected using U-shaped elbow, is formed into a loop parallel type.
Further, the cooling heat pipe is followed successively by central steam area, porous wick structure, liquid ring cavity and pipe from inside to outside
The inside involucrum design of wall, wherein tube wall and nuclear fuel element is integrated.
Further, the porosity of the porous wick structure is 0.5 to 0.7.
Further, the central steam area of the cooling heat pipe in the axial direction from bottom to top successively include evaporator section,
Adiabatic section and condensation segment, and the evaporator section bottom in two neighboring cooling heat pipe central steam area is connected using the U-shaped elbow of evaporator section,
Using the U-shaped elbow connection of condensation segment at the top of condensation segment.
Further, the inside of the nuclear fuel element is fuel pellet, and outside is involucrum, the evaporation of the cooling heat pipe
Segment length and nuclear fuel element it is highly consistent.
Further, there are 0.1 to 0.3mm gaps between the fuel pellet and the involucrum.
Further, it is regular hexagon that the nuclear fuel element, which is rectangular parallelepiped structure or bottom surface that bottom surface is square,
Hexagonal prisms structure.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and advantageous effect：
1, a kind of nuclear fuel element provided by the invention integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe, due to
Using the parallel heat pipe of loop-type, in bringing-up section or unbalanced condensation segment heat flow density, the working fluid inside pipe is in channel
Inside generates integral form cycle, and the steam pressure that the big side of evaporator section heat flow density generates is larger, pushes steam to hot-fluid
The low side of the small pressure of density, entire loop are finally reached the state of self-excitation balance, and the parallel heat pipe structure of loop-type can be with
Exchange capability of heat, safe, good reliability are automatically adjusted in wide range.
2, the nuclear fuel element provided by the invention integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe, simultaneously by circuit
Line cooling heat pipe is nested together with nuclear fuel element, and the nuclear fuel element is the rectangular parallelepiped structure that bottom surface is square,
Or the hexagonal prisms structure that bottom surface is regular hexagon, close arrangement it can reduce to improve nuclear fuel filling rate in reactor core
Heap core volume reduces critical mass, this safety of structure height, good reliability, compact in design, especially suitable for space nuclear reaction
Heap and other small-sized nuclear reactors.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the radial direction of nuclear fuel element of embodiment of the present invention integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe is cut
Face structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the axial direction of nuclear fuel element of embodiment of the present invention integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe is cut
Face structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 (a) is the integral structure application nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe of nuclear fuel element of the embodiment of the present invention
In the radial section arrangement schematic diagram of reactor core；Fig. 3 (b) is that nuclear fuel element of the embodiment of the present invention and circuit parallel type are cold
But heat pipe nesting integral structure is applied to the axial cross section arrangement schematic diagram of reactor core.
Fig. 4 is that single cooling heat pipe is disposed in the structural schematic diagram in fuel element in the prior art.
Fig. 5 is that single cooling heat pipe is disposed in a kind of signal of reactor core radial arrangement in fuel element in the prior art
Figure.
Fig. 6 is that single cooling heat pipe is disposed in the signal of another reactor core radial arrangement in fuel element in the prior art
Figure.
Wherein, 1- fuel pellets, 2- involucrums, 3- liquid ring cavities, 4- porous wick structures, 5- evaporator sections, the adiabatic sections 6-, 7- are cold
Solidifying section, the U-shaped elbow of 8- evaporator sections, the U-shaped elbow of 9- condensation segments, 10- nuclear fuel elements, 11- cool down heat pipe.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment：
The present embodiment is for being applied to nuclear reactor for space Core Design, the design longevity of nuclear fuel element and cooling heat pipe
Life is consistent with core life, without needing to change in core life, provides a kind of nuclear fuel element and parallel type cooling in circuit is hot
Radial section and the axial cross section difference of the integral structure of pipe nesting, the structure are as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, including nuclear fuel
Element (10) and cooling heat pipe (11), cooling heat pipe (11) are placed in nuclear fuel element (10) center, and two adjacent nuclear fuels
The both ends of the cooling heat pipe (11) at element (10) center are connected using U-shaped elbow, parallel type are formed into a loop, shown in Fig. 4
Cooling heat pipe single in the prior art be disposed in the structure in fuel element, the parallel heat pipe structure of loop-type can be larger
Exchange capability of heat, safe, good reliability are automatically adjusted in range.
Wherein, the cooling heat pipe (11) is followed successively by central steam area, porous wick structure (4), liquid ring cavity from inside to outside
(3) it is integrated with tube wall, the inside involucrum design of wherein tube wall and nuclear fuel element (10), the hole of the porous wick structure (4)
Gap rate is 0.5 to 0.7.
Specifically, the central steam area of the cooling heat pipe (11) includes in the axial direction evaporator section successively from bottom to top
(5), adiabatic section (6) and condensation segment (7), and the evaporator section bottom in two neighboring cooling heat pipe (11) central steam area is using evaporation
U-shaped elbow (8) connection of section, condensation segment top is connected using the U-shaped elbow of condensation segment (9).
The inside of the nuclear fuel element (10) is fuel pellet (1), and outside is involucrum (2), the cooling heat pipe (11)
Evaporator section (5) length and nuclear fuel element (10) it is highly consistent, stayed between the fuel pellet (1) and the involucrum (2)
There is 0.1 to 0.3mm gap.The evaporator section (5) in cooling heat pipe (11) central steam area absorbs the heat that fuel pellet (1) generates
Heat, after adiabatic section (6), is driven in condensation segment (7) and gives other working medias by amount, fuel pellet (1) and involucrum (2) it
Between gap, to accommodate pellet expansion and storage fission gas.
Specifically, it is positive six side that the nuclear fuel element (10), which is rectangular parallelepiped structure or bottom surface that bottom surface is square,
The hexagonal prisms structure of shape.
The present embodiment is applied to shown in schematic diagram such as Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b) of nuclear reactor for space Core Design, compared to
Fig. 5 and reactor core layout type shown in fig. 6 in the prior art, entire reactor core compact in design, can in reactor core close arrangement, from
And nuclear fuel filling rate is improved, reduce heap core volume, reduces critical mass.Cooling heat pipe is placed in nuclear fuel element center, and phase
The both ends of the cooling heat pipe at two adjacent fuel element centers are connected using U-shaped elbow, are formed into a loop parallel type, can be larger
Exchange capability of heat is automatically adjusted in range, can effectively avoid the problem that being caused because of single heat pipe failure, and reliability is high.
The above, patent preferred embodiment only of the present invention, but the protection domain of patent of the present invention is not limited to
This, any one skilled in the art is in the range disclosed in patent of the present invention, according to the skill of patent of the present invention
Art scheme and its patent of invention design are subject to equivalent substitution or change, belong to the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of nuclear fuel element integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe, it is characterised in that：It is fired including core
Expect that element and cooling heat pipe, cooling heat pipe are placed in nuclear fuel element center, and the cooling at two adjacent nuclear fuel element centers
The both ends of heat pipe are connected using U-shaped elbow, are formed into a loop parallel type.
2. a kind of nuclear fuel element according to claim 1 integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe,
It is characterized in that：The cooling heat pipe is followed successively by central steam area, porous wick structure, liquid ring cavity and tube wall from inside to outside,
The inside involucrum design of middle tube wall and nuclear fuel element is integrated.
3. a kind of nuclear fuel element according to claim 2 integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe,
It is characterized in that：The porosity of the porous wick structure is 0.5 to 0.7.
4. a kind of nuclear fuel element according to claim 2 integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe,
It is characterized in that：The central steam area of the cooling heat pipe includes in the axial direction evaporator section, adiabatic section successively from bottom to top
And condensation segment, and the evaporator section bottom in two neighboring cooling heat pipe central steam area is using the U-shaped elbow connection of evaporator section, condensation segment
Top is using the U-shaped elbow connection of condensation segment.
5. a kind of nuclear fuel element according to claim 4 integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe,
It is characterized in that：The inside of the nuclear fuel element is fuel pellet, and outside is involucrum, the evaporation segment length of the cooling heat pipe
It is highly consistent with nuclear fuel element.
6. a kind of nuclear fuel element according to claim 5 integral structure nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe,
It is characterized in that：There are 0.1 to 0.3mm gaps between the fuel pellet and the involucrum.
7. a kind of nuclear fuel element according to any one of claims 1 to 6 one nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe
Change structure, it is characterised in that：The nuclear fuel element is the rectangular parallelepiped structure that bottom surface is square or bottom surface is regular hexagon
Hexagonal prisms structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810611499.8A CN108511092A (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | A kind of integral structure that nuclear fuel element is nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810611499.8A CN108511092A (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | A kind of integral structure that nuclear fuel element is nested with circuit parallel type cooling heat pipe |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109545400A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-29 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of Passive containment cooling system |
| CN110211709A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-06 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Heat pipe-type alkali metal converts integral reactor |
| CN111081393A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Integrated solid reactor core structure adopting heat pipe and fuel rod |
| CN111081392A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Integrated solid reactor core adopting heat pipe |
| CN111081391A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Reactor core structure of heat pipe reactor fuel element adopting hexagonal prism cladding |
| CN111951986A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | Nested structure of nuclear fuel rod and hot-pressing conversion heat transfer device |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109545400A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-29 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of Passive containment cooling system |
| CN110211709A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-06 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Heat pipe-type alkali metal converts integral reactor |
| CN110211709B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-08-11 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Heat pipe type alkali metal conversion integrated reactor |
| CN111081393A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Integrated solid reactor core structure adopting heat pipe and fuel rod |
| CN111081392A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Integrated solid reactor core adopting heat pipe |
| CN111081391A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Reactor core structure of heat pipe reactor fuel element adopting hexagonal prism cladding |
| CN111081393B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-06-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Integrated solid reactor core structure adopting heat pipe and fuel rod |
| CN111081391B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-06-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Reactor core structure of heat pipe reactor fuel element adopting hexagonal prism cladding |
| CN111081392B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-10-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Integrated solid reactor core adopting heat pipe |
| CN111951986A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | Nested structure of nuclear fuel rod and hot-pressing conversion heat transfer device |
| CN111951986B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-04-30 | 大连理工大学 | Nested structure of nuclear fuel rod and hot-pressing conversion heat transfer device |
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