CN108508360B - RT-Lab-based doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator performance test method and system - Google Patents
RT-Lab-based doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator performance test method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a performance test method and system for a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator based on an RT-Lab, wherein the system comprises the following steps: the digital model, the double-fed fan main controller, the converter controller and the observation equipment are built in the RT-Lab simulator, wherein the digital model comprises an asynchronous motor, a transformer, a converter and a power grid. The transformer is arranged between the stator of the asynchronous motor and the power grid; the converter is arranged between the asynchronous motor rotor and the asynchronous motor stator; the double-fed fan main controller is provided with a fan body and a simulation program of a transmission shaft system, and is connected with the converter controller and the RT-Lab simulator; the converter controller is connected with the RT-Lab simulator; the observation device is connected with the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller. The invention can avoid the limitation of field test, so that the test result is closer to the actual engineering. Meanwhile, the control strategy of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator of different manufacturers can be comprehensively evaluated, and guidance is provided for engineering application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind power, and particularly relates to a performance test method and system for a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator based on an RT-Lab.
Background
With the increasing exhaustion of traditional energy and the increasing aggravation of environmental problems, new energy power generation technologies represented by photovoltaic and wind power are rapidly developed, and a doubly-fed fan occupies a considerable proportion. Because the doubly-fed wind turbine adopts an asynchronous generator, the output power of the doubly-fed wind turbine is hardly coupled with the frequency and the voltage of the power grid, so that the necessary frequency and the voltage support for the power grid are difficult to provide. With the increasing permeability of doubly-fed fans in the power grid, doubly-fed fans are urgently required to have similar frequency modulation and voltage regulation capabilities as conventional synchronous generators, and virtual synchronous generator (Virtual Synchronous Generator, VSG) technology provides a solution.
The VSG technology simulates the characteristics of active frequency modulation, reactive voltage regulation and the like in a control system, so that the doubly-fed fan grid-connected system is similar to a synchronous generator in external characteristics, and frequency and voltage support is provided for a power grid. The research of the VSG technology is still in a starting stage at present, and a certain distance is still available for large-scale engineering application. In order to realize large-scale popularization and application of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator in the future, the performance of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator is urgently required to be tested and evaluated, and an effective doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator performance test method and system are not available at present.
At present, the performance test of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator is mainly realized by a digital simulation method. The digital simulation method can only give qualitative verification to the control strategy, is greatly different from an actual system in the aspects of control structure, signal transmission, parameter setting and the like, and has limited guiding significance to engineering application. Therefore, a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator performance testing method and system which are close to practical and practical engineering and can consider product differences of different factories are lacking at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is used for solving the problem that the performance of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator is verified by adopting a digital simulation method in the prior art, so that the consistency of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator with actual engineering is larger, and the difference of products of different manufacturers cannot be considered.
The invention provides a performance test system of a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator based on an RT-Lab, which comprises the following components: the method comprises the steps of constructing a digital model, a double-fed fan main controller, a converter controller and observation equipment in an RT-Lab simulator, wherein the digital model comprises an asynchronous motor, a transformer, a converter and a power grid;
The transformer is arranged between the asynchronous motor stator and the power grid and is used for boosting;
the converter is arranged between the rotor of the asynchronous motor and the stator of the asynchronous motor and is used for adjusting the electromagnetic torque and the rotating speed of the asynchronous motor according to a second control signal;
The double-fed fan main controller is provided with a fan body and a simulation program of a transmission shaft system, is connected with the converter controller and the RT-Lab simulator, and is used for sending a first control signal to the converter controller and sending the fan rotating speed to the asynchronous motor rotor;
The converter controller is connected with the RT-Lab simulator and is used for sending a second control signal to the converter according to the first control signal;
The observation equipment is connected with the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller and is used for observing and recording the electric quantity in the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller.
The invention further provides a performance test method of a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator based on an RT-Lab, which comprises the following steps:
building the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator test system according to the embodiment;
Setting simulation working condition parameters, parameters of a main controller of the doubly-fed fan and parameters of a controller of the converter, and observing and recording electric quantity in the main controller of the doubly-fed fan and the controller of the converter by using observation equipment;
Analyzing the performance index of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator according to the electric quantity recorded by the observation equipment;
Comparing the performance index obtained by analysis with a standard index to determine whether the performance index meets the requirement.
The invention provides a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator performance test method and a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator performance test system by using a semi-physical hardware-in-loop tool, so that the limitation of field test can be avoided, and the test result is closer to the actual engineering. Meanwhile, the control strategies (a double-fed fan main controller and a frequency converter controller) of the double-fed wind power virtual synchronous generators of different manufacturers can be comprehensively evaluated, and guidance is provided for engineering application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a performance test system of a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator based on an RT-Lab according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an actual connection diagram of a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator based on an RT-Lab according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a performance test method of a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator based on an RT-Lab according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4a and fig. 4b are waveform change diagrams of power grid frequency and active power during inertia test of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5a and fig. 5b are waveform change diagrams of the power grid frequency and the active power during primary frequency modulation test of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical features and effects of the present invention more obvious, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the present invention may be described or implemented by other different specific examples, and any equivalent transformation made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "for example," and the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The order of steps involved in the embodiments is illustrative of the practice of the invention, and is not limited and may be suitably modified as desired.
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a performance test system of a virtual synchronous generator based on RT-Lab doubly-fed wind power, which can avoid the limitation of field test and make the test result closer to the actual engineering. Meanwhile, the control strategies (a double-fed fan main controller and a frequency converter controller) of the double-fed wind power virtual synchronous generators of different manufacturers can be comprehensively evaluated, and guidance is provided for engineering application.
Specifically, the performance test system of the RT-Lab-based doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator comprises: the digital model 100, the double-fed fan main controller 200, the converter controller 300 and the observation equipment 400 are built in the RT-Lab simulator, wherein the digital model 100, the double-fed fan main controller 200 and the converter controller 300 form a double-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator, and the digital model 100 comprises an asynchronous motor 110, a transformer 120, a converter 130 and a power grid 140.
The transformer 120 is disposed between the asynchronous motor 110 and the power grid 140 for boosting, and as shown in fig. 1, the transformer is connected to the asynchronous motor 110 and the power grid 140 through a transmission line. In specific implementation, the digital model comprises a two-stage transformer, a 35kV/690V transformer and a 220kV/35Kv transformer.
The current transformer 130 is disposed between the rotor of the asynchronous motor and the stator of the asynchronous motor (as shown in fig. 2), and is used for adjusting the electromagnetic torque and the rotating speed of the asynchronous motor according to the second control signal so as to adjust the grid-connected total current.
The double-fed fan main controller 200 is provided with a fan body and a simulation program 210 of a transmission shaft system, is connected with the converter controller 300 and the RT-Lab simulator, and is used for sending a first control signal to the converter controller 300 and sending the fan rotating speed to the rotor of the asynchronous motor. In detail, the first control signal is, for example, a fan electromagnetic torque command value and a pitch angle command value.
The converter controller 300 is connected to the RT-Lab simulator, and is configured to send a second control signal to the converter 130 according to the first control signal. Specifically, the second control signal is, for example, a control signal such as a network-side converter IGBT pulse signal, a machine-side converter IGBT pulse signal, a network-side contactor switching-on signal, or an excitation contactor switching-on signal.
The observation device 400 is connected to the doubly-fed wind turbine main controller 200 and the converter controller 300, and is used for observing and recording the electric quantity in the doubly-fed wind turbine main controller 200 and the converter controller 300.
In the embodiment, the digital model is compiled into a C code after being real-time and is downloaded to an RT-Lab simulator. The double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller are solid hardware, and can be products which are already marketed by any manufacturer (consistent with the double-fed fan main controller running on site) or are being developed. The double-fed fan main controller is connected with the converter controller through a field bus (Rrobus), the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller are connected with the RT-Lab simulator through an IO interface, and the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller are connected with specific devices in the digital model through software setting.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the digital model may further include a main circuit of the current transformer, a protection circuit, a filtering branch circuit, and the like.
In an embodiment of the invention, the observation device is an oscilloscope of an upper computer, wave recording software of the upper computer or a wave recorder. Besides observing and recording the electric quantity, the observation equipment can also observe and record the mechanical quantities such as the rotating speed, the pitch angle, the mechanical power and the like of the fan so as to judge whether the fan body and the transmission shaft system are normal or not according to the mechanical quantities.
Furthermore, the observation device is also used for observing and recording analog quantity signals such as power grid voltage, power grid current, stator voltage, stator current, grid side voltage, grid side current, machine side voltage, machine side current, direct current bus voltage, crowbar voltage and the like, and digital quantity signals such as a switching-on signal of a grid side contactor and a switching-on signal of an excitation contactor and the like.
In an embodiment of the invention, in order to facilitate a tester to know the variation condition of parameters of each component in the digital model, the digital model further comprises a plurality of oscilloscopes which are respectively connected with the asynchronous electronics, the transformer, the converter and the power grid.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electrical quantity recorded by the observation device includes: electromagnetic power, grid-connected point voltage and grid-connected total current. The electromagnetic power is obtained from a doubly-fed fan main controller, and grid-connected point voltage and grid-connected total current are obtained from a converter controller.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a performance test method of a virtual synchronous generator based on RT-Lab doubly-fed wind power according to an embodiment of the invention. The performance test method of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator based on the RT-Lab is implemented by firstly building the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator test system described in the previous embodiment, as shown in figure 1. After the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator test system is built, a subsequent test process can be performed.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 301, setting simulation working condition parameters, and/or parameters of a main controller of the doubly-fed fan, and/or parameters of a controller of the converter, and observing and recording electric quantities in the main controller of the doubly-fed fan and the controller of the converter by using observation equipment.
In detail, the simulation working condition parameters include: grid frequency, grid voltage and wind speed. The wind speed can be a certain value, and is set through a simulation program of the fan body and the transmission shaft system. The power grid frequency and the power grid voltage can be changed in a step or ramp mode, and the specific change mode is related to a test item (inertia test and primary frequency modulation test) through the power grid setting in the digital model, so that the invention is not limited to the specific change mode. The parameters of the main controller of the doubly-fed wind turbine comprise: inertia frequency modulation coefficient, primary frequency modulation coefficient, support time, etc. Parameters of the converter controller include: frequency filter coefficients, proportional/integral coefficients, etc.
And step 302, analyzing the performance index of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator according to the electric quantity recorded by the observation equipment. In detail, the performance index of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator includes one or more of active power, response time, adjustment time, support amplitude, support time, power error and power fluctuation, and the specific calculation formula of the performance index refers to the prior art, which is not limited in the invention.
Step 303: comparing the analyzed performance index with the corresponding standard index to determine whether the performance index meets the requirement. If the performance index obtained through analysis is in the range of the corresponding standard index, determining that the performance index meets the requirements, otherwise, not meeting the requirements.
In some embodiments, if the performance index is not satisfactory, the method may return to step 301 to adjust the simulation condition parameters and/or parameters of the doubly-fed fan main controller and/or parameters of the converter controller, repeat steps 302 to 303, further determine whether the performance index is satisfactory, and if the performance index is not satisfactory for multiple tests, feed back to manufacturers of the doubly-fed fan main controller and the converter controller to adjust algorithms of the doubly-fed fan main controller and the converter controller.
In other embodiments, if the performance index is not satisfactory, only the converter control parameters may be adjusted, and steps 302 and 303 are repeated to determine whether the performance index is adjustable to the normal range.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step 301 of setting the simulation working condition parameter, the parameters of the doubly-fed fan main controller and the parameters of the converter controller, and observing and recording the electrical quantities inside the doubly-fed fan main controller and the converter controller by using the observation device includes:
1) Firstly, setting initial simulation working condition parameters, setting power grid frequency and voltage as rated values, setting a certain fan rotating speed, starting a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator and entering a steady state.
2) And adjusting simulation working condition parameters, such as changing the power grid frequency or the power grid voltage, and observing and recording response parameters of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator through observation equipment. The grid frequency or grid voltage may be varied in steps or ramp forms.
3) And adjusting controller parameters, including a doubly-fed wind power main controller parameter and a converter controller parameter, and observing and recording response parameters of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator through observation equipment.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the observation device further observes and records mechanical quantities within the doubly fed wind turbine main controller, such as wind turbine rotational speed, pitch angle, mechanical power, etc. The step 303 may further include, before, during, or after: and 303', judging whether the fan body and the transmission shaft system are in fault or not according to the mechanical quantity. In the implementation, if step 303' is performed before step 303, when it is determined that there is a failure in the fan body and the transmission shaft, step 303 is not required to be performed; if step 303' is performed during or after step 303, when it is determined that there is a failure in the fan body and the transmission shaft, the performance index is not reliable even if the performance index is determined to be satisfactory in step 303.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator, the step 304 further includes: and repeatedly changing the simulation working condition parameters and/or parameters of the main controller of the doubly-fed fan and/or the converter controller for multiple tests.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the test system is utilized to access a main controller and a converter controller of a 2MW doubly-fed fan of a certain mainstream converter controller manufacturer in China, and waveforms obtained under specific working conditions are shown in fig. 4a, fig. 4b, fig. 5a and fig. 5 b. Fig. 4a and fig. 4b show waveform changes of the power grid frequency and the active power during inertia test of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator, and fig. 5a and fig. 5b show waveform changes of the power grid frequency and the active power during primary frequency modulation test of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator.
When the method is implemented, the observation equipment can also collect and analyze various electric quantity and mechanical quantity including fan rotating speed, wind speed, pitch angle, grid-connected total current and the like according to the requirements.
The performance test system and method for the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator can connect the actual doubly-fed wind power main controller and the converter controller into an RT-Lab simulator (test system) to realize the construction and simulation of all the constituent links of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator. The test result is more similar to the engineering practice, and the limitation of the field test is avoided. The test method provided by the invention can be used for verifying the frequency modulation performance of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator by setting different simulation working condition parameters or controller parameters, and can be used for comprehensively evaluating the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator schemes of different manufacturers, thereby providing guidance for engineering application.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify and change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention should be considered as the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The test method of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator performance test system is characterized by comprising a digital model, a doubly-fed wind power main controller, a converter controller and observation equipment, wherein the digital model is built in an RT-Lab simulator, and comprises an asynchronous motor, a transformer, a converter and a power grid;
The transformer is arranged between the asynchronous motor stator and the power grid and is used for boosting;
the converter is arranged between the rotor of the asynchronous motor and the stator of the asynchronous motor and is used for adjusting the electromagnetic torque and the rotating speed of the asynchronous motor according to a second control signal;
The double-fed fan main controller is provided with a fan body and a simulation program of a transmission shaft system, is connected with the converter controller and the RT-Lab simulator, and is used for sending a first control signal to the converter controller and sending the fan rotating speed to the asynchronous motor rotor;
The converter controller is connected with the RT-Lab simulator and is used for sending a second control signal to the converter according to the first control signal;
The observation equipment is connected with the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller and is used for observing and recording the electric quantity in the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller and also used for observing and recording the mechanical quantity in the double-fed fan main controller;
The test method comprises the following steps:
Setting simulation working condition parameters, parameters of a doubly-fed fan main controller and parameters of a converter controller, and observing and recording electric quantity in the doubly-fed fan main controller and the converter controller and mechanical quantity in the doubly-fed fan main controller by using observation equipment; wherein, the simulation working condition parameters include: the wind speed is set by the simulation program of the fan body and the transmission shafting; the parameters of the main controller of the doubly-fed wind turbine comprise: inertia frequency modulation coefficient, primary frequency modulation coefficient and support time; the converter controller parameters include: frequency filter coefficients and proportional/integral coefficients;
Judging whether the fan body and the transmission shaft system are faulty according to the mechanical quantity in the doubly-fed fan main controller, and when the fan body and the transmission shaft system are faulty, not executing the step of determining whether the performance index meets the requirement;
Analyzing performance indexes of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator according to the electric quantity recorded by the observation equipment, wherein the performance indexes of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator comprise: one or more of active power, response time, settling time, support amplitude, support time, power error, and power ripple;
Comparing the analyzed performance index with a standard index, determining whether the performance index meets the requirement, and if not, adjusting simulation working condition parameters, parameters of a doubly-fed fan main controller and parameters of a converter controller, and repeatedly utilizing observation equipment to observe and record the electric quantity in the doubly-fed fan main controller and the converter controller; if the multiple tests do not meet the requirements, feeding back to manufacturers of the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller to adjust algorithms of the double-fed fan main controller and the converter controller;
Setting simulation working condition parameters, parameters of a main controller of the doubly-fed fan and parameters of a controller of the converter, and observing and recording electric quantity in the main controller of the doubly-fed fan and the controller of the converter by using observation equipment, wherein the electric quantity comprises the following components:
firstly, setting initial simulation working condition parameters, setting power grid frequency and voltage as rated values, setting a certain fan rotating speed, starting a doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator and entering a steady state;
Adjusting simulation working condition parameters, and observing and recording response parameters of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator through observation equipment;
and adjusting parameters of a main controller and parameters of a converter of the doubly-fed wind power generator, and observing and recording response parameters of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator through observation equipment.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising: and (3) changing simulation working condition parameters, and/or parameters of a main controller of the doubly-fed wind power generator and/or parameters of a converter controller, and performing multiple tests to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the doubly-fed wind power virtual synchronous generator.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrical quantity comprises: electromagnetic power, grid-connected point voltage and grid-connected total current.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the observation device is an oscilloscope or a oscillograph.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mechanical quantity comprises: fan speed, pitch angle and mechanical power.
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| CN109782626A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-21 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | A kind of wind power master control real-time simulation test macro based on RT-LAB |
| CN110334385B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2023-05-16 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Test method, device and equipment for central controller of comprehensive energy system |
| CN114153155A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 上海电机学院 | Wind power generation converter semi-physical simulation platform |
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