CN108504552A - A kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000576 Laminated steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010019049 Hair texture abnormal Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
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- C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
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- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
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- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/18—External loop; Means for reintroduction of fermented biomass or liquid percolate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus and methods, belong to anaerobic dry fermentation field, and the input and output material efficiency to solve the problems, such as dry fermentation process existing for existing apparatus is low.A kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus, including batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor, leachate collection slot, sprinkling equipment, sprinkling equipment is installed above batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor, the bottom of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor is connected with leachate collection slot, and sprinkling equipment is communicated by spray piping with the bottom of leachate collection slot;It is equipped with lifting device in batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation inside reactor and at least one material reaction vehicle, material reaction vehicle are connected with lifting device.The present invention fundamentally improves the input and output material efficiency of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation process, and the continuous operation for improving batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation biogas engineering is horizontal;The material charging efficiency for improving reactor is conducive to the volume gas producing efficiency for improving dry fermentation process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to anaerobic dry fermentation fields, and in particular to a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus and method.
Background technology
The existing biogas dry fermentation device with quick input and output material function, packet tank body, tank bottom, the tank body are under top is small
The into a single integrated structure fermentation tank of the big tapered tank body connection inverted cone-shaped tank bottom group in portion, the outside of fermentation tank and its internal setting into
Discharge system is arranged in the inside of material system, the fermentation tank, and the feed system includes feed mechanism and inside outside fermentation tank
Material-feeding mechanism;The external feed mechanism is by lower material feeding box, lower motor, lower spiral feed pipe, lower spiral propeller, upper feeding
Case, upper motor, upper spiral feed pipe, upper spiral propeller composition, the fermentation tank side are obliquely installed lower spiral feed pipe, under
The lower motor of lower end installation of spiral feed pipe, exports the lower spiral propeller lower end being arranged in spiral feed pipe under axis connection,
The lower material feeding box of lower spiral feed pipe lower end side connection, the lower spiral feed pipe upper end connect on the downside of enterprising hopper, upper spiral shell
Precession expects pipe left end installs motor, and right end runs through the head cover of fermentation tank, and the upper left side of the upper spiral feed pipe connects
Material feeding box, the upper spiral propeller of the interior setting of the upper spiral feed pipe, the output shaft of the upper motor of one end connection;The inside
Material-feeding mechanism is made of cloth motor, power montant, the first unilateral bearing, blade, cloth motor room, chamber cap, the cloth
Expect that motor is mounted in the cloth motor room among the head cover of fermentation tank, the delivery end of cloth motor is after the head cover of fermentation tank
Power montant upper end is connected, power montant top connects the first unilateral bearing, and the first unilateral bearing connects blade.
The disadvantage is that:It is not high for the material of processing cellulosic rich content, such as stalk, cow dung, application.Still adopt
It is fed with traditional lower part, is sent to above reactor by power plant and pushes to material in fermentation tank, although certain
Powder feeding efficiency is improved in degree, still, using pipeline charging by the way of do not change, charging apart from it is long and from lower part it is upward
Portion's push charging consumes a large amount of mechanical energy, is easy to block pipeline, especially pipeline corner in operation.Therefore, simultaneously
Not from the input and output material efficiency for substantially changing or remarkably promoting dry fermentation.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus, to solve dry fermentation existing for existing apparatus
The low problem of the input and output material efficiency of process.
It is a further object to provide a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation methods.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:A kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus, including the reaction of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation
Device, leachate collection slot, sprinkling equipment, batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor top are equipped with sprinkling equipment, batch-type anaerobism
The bottom of dry fermentation reactor is connected with leachate collection slot, the bottom that sprinkling equipment passes through spray piping and leachate collection slot
It communicates;It is equipped with lifting device and at least one material reaction vehicle, material reaction vehicle in batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation inside reactor
It is connected with lifting device.
As further improvement of the present invention, the lifting device includes being arranged in batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor
On the inside of portion feeding gate, at center, the conveying trough perpendicular to ground setting at most interior place, carried by the conveyer belt in conveying trough
It rises.
As further improvement of the present invention, it is equipped in the side wall of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor and accepts steel plate, object
Material reacting vehicle, which is located at, to be accepted on steel plate.
As further improvement of the present invention, material reaction roof is equipped with upper laminated steel, and the side wall of material reaction vehicle is set
There is circular hole.
As further improvement of the present invention, the lifting device is connected with automatic control electric machine.
As further improvement of the present invention, the sprinkling equipment includes spray tube and spray head, and spray head is flexible coupling spray
Shower pipe, spray head carry out 360 degree rotation along spray tube, and spray tube is located on circular orbit, and circular orbit is located at batch-type anaerobism
On dry fermentation reactor canopy, circular orbit is at least one.
As further improvement of the present invention, the circular orbit is 3, concentric circles setting.
It is equipped with diafiltration alloy melt stirring device as further improvement of the present invention, in the leachate collection slot, automatically controls,
It is equipped with feeding gate at the top of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor.
As further improvement of the present invention, the sieve on the percolate sieve plate of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor bottom
Hole aperture is 0.5-2cm.
A kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation method, includes the following steps:
A, material reaction vehicle is placed on sidewall of reactor and accepts on steel plate, and with conveying trough oscilaltion, material reaction vehicle
The realization of lifting automatic control electric machine automatically controls;Laminated steel is located on top layer's material reaction vehicle on material reaction vehicle, and compacting is interior
The material of filling;
B, it sprays:Reactor is equipped with sprinkling equipment, and the spray tube that is flexible coupling is connect with 360 degree rotation automatic control spray head, is located at anti-
Device top is answered, described to be flexible coupling spray tube on circular orbit, 3 units of circular orbit point enable spray head to cover respectively
Four wall region of lid central area, subcenter region and close reactor, spacing distance is spray head lift distance, makes 360 degree
Rotary self-control spray head is reactor rotary spray around circular orbit, and automatic control spray head can also adjust spray flow, spray tube
Connection spray piping, percolate delivery pump stretch to leachate collection slot, and spray liquid is flowed into through material gap and sieve plate in slot, then is returned
It is back in reactor and forms cycle, diafiltration alloy melt stirring device is equipped in slot, is automatically controlled, stirring 5-15 is opened in daily not timing
min。
Starting point of the present invention is as follows:
(1)The input and output material efficiency for fundamentally improving batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation process, improves batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation biogas
The continuous operation of engineering is horizontal;
(2)In fermentation process, the material charging efficiency of reactor can be improved, make full use of reactor dischargeable capacity, and ensure one
Fixed porosity increases raw material utilization efficiency, is conducive to the volume gas producing efficiency for improving dry fermentation process.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
(1)Input and output material is convenient, and in external operation, the good raw material of mixture is pushed into cart, and when discharging is anti-by material with trailer again
It answers vehicle to haul out, uses manpower and material resources sparingly.
(2)Small to the damage of reactor wall during material reaction and input and output material, clean and tidy in reactor, easy cleaning will not
Cause reactor wall crust or sieve plate clogging.
(3)Headspace utilization rate is higher, and material loading is big, anti-using material material reaction vehicle bottom steel plate and material
Answer vehicle top board that can be compacted material, improving material utilization rate increases volume yield rate.
(4)It can discharge after can opening, not have to the forced ventilation into reactor again, improve efficiency.
(5)Biogas residue can directly transport, and directly move Organic Fertilizer Plants to and can be used as the use of compost slot, continue organic fertilizer life
Production, forms efficient chain-type air fertilizer coproduction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of circular orbit in batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus.
Reference numeral meaning is as follows:Batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor(1), material reaction area(101), percolate sieve plate
(102), aerogenesis outlet(103), thermal insulation material(104), accept steel plate(106), conveying trough(107);Sprinkling equipment(2), spray
Shower pipe(201), spray head 202, spray piping(203), percolate delivery pump(204), leachate collection slot(205), percolate
Agitating device(206), circular orbit(207);Material reaction vehicle(3), small-sized wheel(303), circular hole(304), automatic control electric machine
(305), upper laminated steel(306).
Specific implementation mode
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown, a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus, including batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor 1, percolate
Collecting tank 205, sprinkling equipment 2,1 top of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor are equipped with sprinkling equipment 2, batch-type anaerobic dry hair
The bottom of ferment reactor 1 is connected with leachate collection slot 205, and sprinkling equipment 2 passes through spray piping 203 and leachate collection slot
205 bottom communicates;It is characterized in that:It is internally provided with lifting device and at least one in batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor 1
Material reaction vehicle 3, material reaction vehicle 3 are connected with lifting device.Diafiltration alloy melt stirring device 206 is equipped in leachate collection slot 205,
It automatically controls, feeding gate 105 is equipped at the top of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor 1.It is reacted in batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation
Screen-aperture on the percolate sieve plate 102 of 1 bottom of device is 0.5-2cm.
Batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor 1 is cube structure, and concrete structure, the pipeline being related to is using stainless steel
Matter.Material reaction area 101 is used to hold material, and the percolate sieve plate 102 for being covered with uniform pores is studded at reaction unit ground,
Aperture is 0.5-2cm, and aerogenesis outlet 103 is located above sidewall of reactor, and reactor integrally wraps up thermal insulation material 104, feeding gate
105 be hollow steel plate, and hydraulic-driven, hinged joint is located at reactor head, when feeding gate is opened completely, is with sidewall of reactor angle
90 °, sidewall of reactor, which is welded with, accepts steel plate 106, and at reactor middle part feeding gate inside, center, extend internally most interior center
Conveying trough 107 of the place's installation 3 perpendicular to ground.
3 main body of material reaction vehicle is slot type structure, and rectangular parallelepiped structure, long towards extending in reactor, material reaction vehicle can
It is placed on sidewall of reactor to accept 106 on steel plate, and can be set according to reactor size with oscilaltion with conveying trough 107
Earnest material reacting vehicle quantity, and carry out effectively undertaking, liftable.Material reaction car bottom is equipped with small-sized wheel 303, pulls circular hole
304 is can be carrying cable, when discharging, material reaction vehicle is hauled out reactor with trailer, is directly drawn to dung yard, does not have to
Discharging directly blends feces of livestock and poultry and carries out compost.Lifting device is connected with automatic control electric machine 305 by cable, material reaction vehicle
The realization of lifting automatic control electric machine 305 automatically controls, and after material reaction vehicle 3 enters reactor, four wheels snap into intermediate and side wall
It accepts on steel plate, accepts steel plate and rising is controlled by automatic control electric machine.
Material reaction vehicle can be set as it is multigroup, according to the size of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor be arranged.Material is anti-
It answers laminated steel 306 on vehicle to be located on top layer's material reaction vehicle, is compacted the material of interior filling.
It is equipped in the side wall of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor 1 and accepts steel plate 106, material reaction vehicle 3 is located at undertaking steel
On plate 106.3 top of material reaction vehicle is equipped with upper laminated steel 306, and the side wall of material reaction vehicle 3 is equipped with circular hole 304.
Sprinkling equipment 2 includes spray tube 201 and spray head 202, and spray head 202 is flexible coupling spray tube 201, spray head 202
360 degree rotation is carried out along spray tube 201, spray tube 201 is located on circular orbit 207, and circular orbit 207 is located at batch-type anaerobism
On 1 ceiling of dry fermentation reactor, circular orbit 207 is at least one, concentric circles setting.
Reactor is equipped with set of sprinkling equipment 2, and spray tube 201 is connect with 360 degree rotation automatic control spray head, is located at anti-
Answer device top, the spray tube that is flexible coupling be mounted on circular orbit 207 on, be flexible coupling be exactly spray head can freely turn-take 360 degree be object
Material spray, angle can be adjusted freely.
3 units of circular orbit point enable spray head cover central area, subcenter region and close to reactor respectively
Four wall regions, spacing distance are spray head lift distance, and 360 degree rotation automatic control spray head is made to be revolved for reactor around circular orbit
Turn spray, automatic control spray head can also adjust spray flow, and spray tube 201 connects spray piping 203, percolate delivery pump 204 is stretched
To leachate collection slot 205, spray liquid is flowed into through material gap and sieve plate in slot, is returned again to formation cycle, slot in reactor
It is interior to be equipped with diafiltration alloy melt stirring device 206, it automatically controls, stirring 5-15 min are opened in daily not timing, prevent a little material from falling into
Crust is formed in slot.According to the quality aerogenesis of dry fermentation process in case of inhibition, the spray head of every unit can be controlled respectively, is
The responsible region automatic spray of institute.
Embodiment 1
Circular orbit 207 is 3, concentric circles setting.By stalk uniformly mixed in advance, feces of livestock and poultry mixed raw material(Solid content
30%, dry matter material proportion is 6:4, inoculum ratio 40%)Outside reactor, usually raw material pre-treatment field will with forklift
Material is packed into material reaction car, is pushed in reactor with cart, so that material reaction vehicle is stuck in and accepts on steel plate, when lower part fills
After good material reaction vehicle, starts conveying trough, lower layer's material reaction vehicle is lifted to upper layer, and if being entered back into according to same method
Dry measure material reaction vehicle finally makes material reaction vehicle be full of entire material reaction device, starts to start fermentation.It is opened after fermentation starting
Sprinkling equipment(2)Spray frequency is to spray within every 4 hours 1 time, and 10 min, spray flow, fermentation are adjusted according to reaction process every time
Time is longer, and the spray flux at two lateral middle parts continuously decreases.Leachate collection slot stirs intermittently starting, opens 10 min daily,
It opens 3 times, fermentation period is 20 days.
After fermentation, library door is opened, is hauled out lower layer's material reaction vehicle with trailer, upper materials are reacted automobile-used lifting and passed
Sending band, slowly landing is hauled out material reaction vehicle with same method in ground.Material reaction vehicle is directly transported to organic fertilizer
Factory blends feces of livestock and poultry and carries out compost, forms trough composting, and new ready material reaction vehicle is pushed to anaerobic dry fermentation again
In reactor, new round dry fermentation is realized.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus, including batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor(1), leachate collection slot
(205), sprinkling equipment(2), batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor(1)Top is equipped with sprinkling equipment(2), batch-type anaerobic dry
Fermentation reactor(1)Bottom be connected with leachate collection slot(205), sprinkling equipment(2)Pass through spray piping(203)With diafiltration
Liquid collecting tank(205)Bottom communicate;It is characterized in that:In batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor(1)It is internally provided with promotion dress
It sets and at least one material reaction vehicle(3), material reaction vehicle(3)It is connected with lifting device.
2. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The lifting device includes
It is arranged in batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor(1)On the inside of middle part feeding gate, at center, most interior place perpendicular to ground setting
Conveying trough(107).
3. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:In batch-type anaerobism
Dry fermentation reactor(1)Side wall be equipped with accept steel plate(106), material reaction vehicle(3)It is located at undertaking steel plate(106)On.
4. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Material reaction vehicle(3)Top
Portion is equipped with upper laminated steel(306), material reaction vehicle(3)Side wall be equipped with circular hole(304).
5. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The lifting device connection
There is automatic control electric machine(305).
6. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The sprinkling equipment(2)
Including spray tube(201)And spray head(202), spray head(202)Be flexible coupling spray tube(201), spray head(202)Along spray tube
(201)Carry out 360 degree rotation, spray tube(201)It is located at circular orbit(207)On, circular orbit(207)It is located at batch-type anaerobism
Dry fermentation reactor(1)On ceiling, circular orbit(207)At least one.
7. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The circular orbit
(207)It is 3, concentric circles setting.
8. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:The leachate collection slot
(205)It is interior to be equipped with diafiltration alloy melt stirring device(206), automatically control, in batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor(1)Top be equipped with
Feeding gate(105).
9. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:It is sent out in batch-type anaerobic dry
Ferment reactor(1)The percolate sieve plate of bottom(102)On screen-aperture be 0.5-2cm.
10. a kind of batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
A, material reaction vehicle(3)Sidewall of reactor is placed on to accept on steel plate(106), and with conveying trough(107)Oscilaltion,
The lifting automatic control electric machine of material reaction vehicle(305)Realization automatically controls;Laminated steel on material reaction vehicle(306)Positioned at top layer
On material reaction vehicle, it is compacted the material of interior filling;
B, it sprays:Reactor is equipped with sprinkling equipment(2), be flexible coupling spray tube(201)Connect with 360 degree rotation automatic control spray head
It connects, is located at reactor top, the spray tube that is flexible coupling is mounted on circular orbit(207)On, 3 units of circular orbit point, point
So that spray head is covered central area, subcenter region and close to four wall region of reactor, spacing distance is raised for spray head
Journey distance, it is reactor rotary spray so that 360 degree rotation automatic control spray head is surrounded circular orbit, and automatic control spray head can also adjust spray
Drench flow, spray tube(201)Connect spray piping(203), percolate delivery pump(204)Stretch to leachate collection slot(205), spray
It drenches liquid to flow into slot through material gap and sieve plate, return again to formation cycle in reactor, slot is interior to be equipped with diafiltration alloy melt stirring device
(206), automatically control, stirring 5-15 min are opened in daily not timing.
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Cited By (5)
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CN109482118A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-19 | 浙江杭化新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of fountain polymerizing reactor |
CN110042043A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-23 | 王珍 | A kind of microbial fermentation partial pressure type Zymolysis Equipment |
CN110172401A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-08-27 | 武汉武药制药有限公司 | A kind of circulating biological enzymic catalytic reaction system |
CN110468045A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-19 | 农业农村部规划设计研究院 | A kind of preaeration heating batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation apparatus and method |
CN110511858A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-29 | 农业农村部规划设计研究院 | Batch-type anaerobic dry fermentation integration apparatus |
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