CN108502100B - Mechanical quick water draining device for ship deck by utilizing wave energy - Google Patents
Mechanical quick water draining device for ship deck by utilizing wave energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108502100B CN108502100B CN201810301288.4A CN201810301288A CN108502100B CN 108502100 B CN108502100 B CN 108502100B CN 201810301288 A CN201810301288 A CN 201810301288A CN 108502100 B CN108502100 B CN 108502100B
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- drainage
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- rotate
- main shaft
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B13/00—Conduits for emptying or ballasting; Self-bailing equipment; Scuppers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical deck quick drainage device for a ship by utilizing wave energy, which comprises side plates hinged on a bulwark, a rotating mechanism and a drainage device, wherein the side plates are connected with the rotating mechanism through connecting rods; the side plates rotate on the bulwark, and the connecting rods drive the rotating device to rotate so as to drive the main shaft to rotate, and the main shaft rotates so as to drive the water draining device to move, so that water on the deck is drained through the water draining holes. The invention relates to a mechanical rapid water draining device for a marine deck by utilizing wave energy, which can resist partial upper waves of the deck, weaken partial wave energy and accelerate the draining of accumulated water on the deck by utilizing mechanical transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mechanical deck quick drainage device for a ship by utilizing wave energy, and belongs to the field of ships.
Background
With the development of human maritime traffic and ocean trade, more and more ships will travel in ocean-going areas with severe sea conditions, and the problem of ship safety caused by the problems also causes research and thinking of a plurality of students at home and abroad. The waves on the deck are a situation that may present a hazard to the vessel. When the deck is on the sea, the sea wave with strong energy is beaten on the side strake of the ship, so that the ship generates larger transverse moment and the stability of the ship is affected. The sea waves rushing on the deck still have larger energy, and possibly cause certain damage to equipment on the deck, and after the waves are removed, a large amount of accumulated water left on the deck is also a huge load for the ship, and if the accumulated water is not discharged in time, the ship can generate serious bow tilting or even toppling. Because the deck wave problem has extremely strong nonlinearity, up to now, no perfect solving mode can be found in mathematics by students at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical rapid water draining device for a marine deck, which can resist partial deck upward waves, weaken partial wave energy and accelerate the draining of accumulated water on the deck by utilizing mechanical transmission.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention relates to a mechanical deck quick drainage device for a ship, which utilizes wave energy, and the device comprises a side plate hinged on a bulwark, a rotating mechanism and a drainage device, wherein the side plate is connected with the rotating mechanism through a connecting rod, the rotating mechanism is arranged on a main shaft, a flywheel is arranged on the main shaft, the flywheel is connected with the drainage device through an annular V belt, and a drainage hole is formed in the bulwark; the side plates rotate on the bulwark, and the connecting rods drive the rotating device to rotate so as to drive the main shaft to rotate, and the main shaft rotates so as to drive the water draining device to move, so that water on the deck is drained through the water draining holes.
Preferably, the rotating device comprises a ratchet wheel and a pawl wheel, the ratchet wheel is a gear with a rigid tooth-shaped surface at the inner edge, the ratchet wheel is matched with the pawl wheel in the interior, the ratchet wheel and the pawl wheel rotate unidirectionally, the ratchet wheel is hinged and connected with a connecting rod through a bolt, cover plates are arranged on two sides of the ratchet wheel, the pawl wheel is conveniently placed in the interior, a round hole is formed in the middle of the cover plate, a main shaft penetrates through the round hole, the cover plates are connected with a main body of the middle ratchet wheel through welding, a ratchet wheel material is made of carbon structural steel, normalizing treatment is performed on the surface of the ratchet wheel, surface quenching treatment is performed on the tooth-shaped surface in the interior to improve contact hardness, and the pawl wheel is fixedly connected with the main shaft.
Preferably, the pawl wheel is a disc with pawls arranged at the outer edge, is a component for directly driving the main shaft and only rotates unidirectionally under the action of a ratchet wheel. The device comprises two discs, 5 pawls and 5 spring pieces, wherein the pawls and the spring pieces are arranged on the discs through bolts on the discs at equal angular intervals, shaft holes and key slots are formed in the middle of the two discs and are used for connecting a main shaft, the discs are subjected to medium carbon steel tempering, and the surfaces of the discs are subjected to rust-proof treatment; the pawl is made of carbon structural steel and is subjected to surface quenching treatment; the spring piece is made of 60 high-quality carbon steel and is annealed.
Preferably, the drainage device comprises a drainage track, a drainage plate, an auxiliary shaft supporting plate and an auxiliary shaft, wherein the auxiliary shaft supporting plate is fixed on the deck, the auxiliary shaft is arranged on the auxiliary shaft supporting plate, the drainage track is arranged on the auxiliary shaft, one end of the auxiliary shaft is provided with a V belt wheel, the V belt wheel is connected with a flywheel through an annular V belt, and a plurality of drainage plates are arranged on the drainage track; the flywheel drives the auxiliary shaft to rotate, and the auxiliary shaft drives the drainage crawler belt to rotate, so that the drainage plate is driven to rotate, and water is drained from the drainage hole by the drainage plate.
Preferably, the side plates are L-shaped plates and are hinged with the bulwarks through bolts, and springs for connecting the side plates and the bulwarks are arranged below the bolts, so that the baffle plates can be restored to the original positions after being beaten by waves. The outer side of the side plate is provided with a plurality of small protrusions for weakening the energy of the upper waves of the deck and reducing the dangers of the upper waves of the deck. The baffle plate is made of medium carbon steel, and is subjected to modulation treatment and rust prevention treatment.
The invention can absorb part of the wave energy on the deck and can quickly drain the accumulated water out of the deck, the device does not need to be powered, the device is arranged at the corresponding positions of the deck and the bulwark, when a ship encounters the wave on the deck, the baffle plate in the device has a certain height to resist part of the wave energy, a plurality of small protrusions are arranged on the outer side of the baffle plate to weaken the wave energy, and meanwhile, the device can accelerate the speed of draining the accumulated water out of the deck through mechanical transmission, thereby reducing the harm of the wave on the deck to the ship.
In the invention, the input part mainly comprises a baffle, a connecting rod, a ratchet wheel, a main shaft, a flywheel, a V belt wheel, an annular V belt and a main shaft supporting plate; the output part mainly comprises a V belt pulley, a secondary shaft, a crawler wheel, a drainage crawler belt and a secondary shaft supporting plate. The connecting rod is two straight rods which are symmetrically arranged, the baffle and the ratchet wheel are connected through the bolt in a hinged mode and used for transmitting motion, carbon structural steel is used as a connecting rod material, normalizing treatment is carried out, and rust prevention treatment is carried out on the surface of the connecting rod material.
In the present invention, the main shaft passes through a ratchet wheel, a detent wheel, a pulley and a flywheel for transmitting motion between an input portion and an output portion. The main shaft is provided with a key groove at the joint of the main shaft, the detent wheel, the flywheel and the belt wheel. The surface of the medium carbon steel for the main shaft is subjected to rust prevention treatment through tempering heat treatment. The flywheel is a metal disc with a thick rim and a thin middle part, is used for storing energy and can still drive the mechanism to operate after waves are removed for a period of time. The flywheel is provided with a shaft hole and a key slot in the middle for connecting with the main shaft. The flywheel material is cast iron, and the surface is not treated. The V belt wheels are arranged on the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft and matched with the annular V belt for transmitting motion between the input part and the output part, and the shaft holes and the key grooves are formed in the middle of the V belt wheels and used for connecting the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft. The V belt wheel material is cast iron, and has annealed heat treatment and antirust surface. The annular V-band is a hinge connecting the input and output sections. The friction force is generated by pressing the two side surfaces with the side surfaces of the wheel groove to transmit the power. The annular V-shaped belt is made of rubber.
In the present invention, the track wheel is used for driving the drainage track to operate, and the auxiliary shaft passes through the middle of the wheel, similar to a cylindrical gear, with the same width as the drainage track. The crawler wheel is provided with tooth shapes, and the crawler wheel is meshed with the drainage crawler belt through the tooth shapes; the middle of the crawler belt is provided with a shaft hole and a key groove for connecting the auxiliary shaft. The crawler wheel is made of plastic. The drainage caterpillar band is used for pushing the accumulated water on the deck and accelerating the accumulated water to drain the accumulated water out of the deck. The drainage crawler belt is annular, the width of the drainage crawler belt is the same as that of the drainage hole, the inner side of the drainage crawler belt is provided with tooth shapes, and the drainage crawler belt is meshed with the crawler belt wheel through the tooth shapes; two drain boards are symmetrically machined on the outer side, and when one drain board is turned up, the other drain board is turned down at the same time, so that the uninterrupted draining process is ensured. The drainage track is made of rubber materials.
In the present invention, the primary/secondary shaft support plate is used for supporting a structure. The shape of the deck is isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is provided with a round angle, the top is provided with a shaft hole, the shaft can pass through, and the bottom and the deck are welded together. The support plate is made of cast iron, and the surface is subjected to rust-preventing treatment by annealing heat treatment.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the mechanical deck rapid drainage device for the ship, which utilizes wave energy, has the following advantages:
1. the traditional deck drainage mode passively flows water out of the water flowing holes by means of gravity of accumulated water and radian of the deck, but the invention actively pushes the accumulated water of the deck outwards by utilizing mechanical transmission through absorbing and converting wave energy, and under the condition that the area of the water draining holes is unchanged, the drainage speed is increased, so that the drainage flow is increased;
2. the baffle plate is hinged and installed above the side wall through bolts. Due to the certain height, the device can also resist partial sea waves to surge the upper deck. Meanwhile, a plurality of small protrusions are arranged on the outer side of the baffle, so that the energy of part of sea waves can be weakened when the sea waves surge the baffle, and the destructiveness of the upper waves on the deck is reduced;
3. the invention adopts the ratchet mechanism to transfer motion between the baffle and the main shaft, and is characterized by unidirectional transmissibility, so that the main shaft can not rotate reversely due to rebound of the baffle;
4. the invention adopts the flywheel to store energy, the drainage mechanism can keep running in a period of time after the sea wave is removed, and the flywheel has low cost, high reliability and durability;
5. the V-belt transmission is adopted to transmit motion at the input part and the output part, and compared with a flat belt, the V-belt transmission has the characteristics of large transmission friction force, compact structure, stable transmission, capability of transmitting larger power and the like;
6. two drain plates are symmetrically machined on the drain crawler belt, and when one drain plate is turned over, the other drain plate is turned over at the same time, so that the drain process is ensured not to be interrupted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an inside isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an outboard isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an upper isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an anatomic view of the ratchet mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a mechanical marine deck quick drainage device using wave energy is composed of an input part and an output part. The input part comprises a baffle plate 1, a connecting rod 2, a ratchet wheel 3, a pawl wheel 4, a main shaft 5, a V belt wheel 6, a flywheel 7, an annular V belt 8 and a main shaft supporting plate 15. In which the outer side of the baffle plate 1 is provided with a number of small protrusions 19 for damping wave energy, as shown in fig. 2. The baffle 1 is hinged to the bulwark 17 by means of a bolt 21, below which bolt 21 there is a spring 22 connecting the bulwark 17 and the baffle 1 for making the baffle 1 rebound (fig. 3). The baffle 1 is connected with the ratchet wheel 3 through the connecting rod 2, and bolts are used for hinging the baffle 1 with the connecting rod 2 and the connecting rod 2 with the ratchet wheel 3.
In the invention, the ratchet mechanism consists of a ratchet wheel 3 and a pawl wheel 4, as shown in fig. 4, the ratchet wheel 3 consists of an intermediate ring body g and two cover plates b, the inner part of the intermediate ring body g is provided with a tooth shape, the upper part of the intermediate ring body g is provided with a bolt hole, the upper part of the intermediate ring body g is connected with a connecting rod 2 through a bolt h, and the middle of the two cover plates b is provided with a shaft hole for passing through a main shaft 5. The detent wheel 4 is composed of two discs d and c, five pawls e and five spring pieces f, wherein five pawl bolts and spring piece bolts are machined on the disc d at equal angular intervals and used for installing the pawls e and the spring pieces f, and shaft holes and key grooves are machined in the middle of the discs d and c and used for connecting the spindle 5. The ratchet wheel 4 and the main shaft 5 can only rotate in one direction due to the ratchet and the pawl.
In the invention, two flywheel 7 and two V belt wheels 6 are also arranged at two ends of the main shaft 5, and the main shaft 5 is connected with the flywheel 7 and the V belt wheels 6 through keys. The mass of the flywheel 7 is mainly concentrated at the outer edge, and its moment of inertia is large for storing energy. The V-pulley 6 transmits motion to the output through an endless V-belt 8.
The output section includes V-pulley 9, auxiliary shaft 10, crawler wheel 11, drain crawler 12, auxiliary shaft support plate 14. Wherein the drainage track 12 is fixedly connected with a drainage plate 13. The auxiliary shaft 10 is connected with the V belt pulley 9 and the crawler belt pulley 11 through keys. The outer side of the crawler wheel 11 and the inner side of the drainage crawler 12 are provided with tooth shapes.
In use of the invention, when a wave exceeds the baffle 1, the baffle 1 will withstand a portion of the wave and a portion of the wave will strike the deck 18. When the sea wave hits the baffle plate 1, the sea wave energy will be partly attenuated due to the number of small protrusions 19 arranged on the outside of the baffle plate 1. At the same time, the wave impact will cause the baffle 1 to rotate around the hinged support connected with the bulwark 17, the spring 22 under the baffle 1 is stretched, part of energy will be absorbed, the baffle 1 will move to the ratchet wheel 3 through the connecting rod 2, the ratchet wheel 3 will move to the ratchet wheel 4 through the pawl, the ratchet wheel 4 will move to the main shaft 5 through the key connection, the main shaft will drive the V belt wheel 6 and flywheel 7 to rotate through the key connection, the flywheel 7 is used for storing energy, the V belt wheel 6 will move to the V belt wheel 9 of the output part through the annular V belt 8, the V belt wheel 9 of the output part will rotate the auxiliary shaft 10 through the key connection, the auxiliary shaft 10 will rotate the crawler wheel 11 through the key connection, finally the crawler wheel 11 will drive the drainage crawler 12 through the tooth engagement, the movement of the drainage plate 13 will accelerate the outflow of the ponding from the drainage hole 16 on the bulwark 17. After the sea wave is withdrawn, the spring 22 contracts to enable the baffle plate 1 to rebound, the main shaft 5 cannot rotate reversely due to unidirectional transmission performance of the ratchet mechanism, and the flywheel 7 stores energy, so that the mechanism can still operate within a period of time after the sea wave is withdrawn, and accumulated water is discharged out quickly. The working principle of the whole device can be seen in fig. 5.
Claims (3)
1. A mechanical marine deck quick drainage device utilizing wave energy is characterized in that: the device comprises a side plate hinged on a bulwark, a rotating mechanism and a drainage device, wherein the side plate is connected with the rotating mechanism through a connecting rod, the rotating mechanism is arranged on a main shaft, a flywheel is arranged on the main shaft and is connected with the drainage device through an annular V belt, and a drainage hole is formed in the bulwark; the side plates rotate on the bulwark, and the connecting rods drive the rotating device to rotate so as to drive the main shaft to rotate, and the main shaft rotates so as to drive the water draining device to move, so that water on the deck is drained through the water draining holes; the rotating device comprises a ratchet wheel and a pawl wheel, wherein the ratchet wheel is a gear with a rigid tooth-shaped surface at the inner edge, the gear is matched with the inner pawl wheel, the ratchet wheel is hinged with a connecting rod through a bolt, cover plates are arranged at two sides of the ratchet wheel, a round hole is formed in the middle of each cover plate, a main shaft penetrates through the round hole, the cover plates are connected with a middle ratchet wheel main body through welding, a ratchet wheel material is made of carbon structural steel, normalizing treatment is carried out on the surface, rust prevention treatment is carried out on the surface, and surface quenching treatment is carried out on the inner tooth-shaped surface; the drainage device comprises a drainage track, a drainage plate, an auxiliary shaft supporting plate and an auxiliary shaft, wherein the auxiliary shaft supporting plate is fixed on the deck, the auxiliary shaft is arranged on the auxiliary shaft supporting plate, the drainage track is arranged on the auxiliary shaft, one end of the auxiliary shaft is provided with a V belt wheel, the V belt wheel is connected with a flywheel through an annular V belt, and a plurality of drainage plates are arranged on the drainage track; the flywheel drives the auxiliary shaft to rotate, and the auxiliary shaft drives the drainage crawler belt to rotate, so that the drainage plate is driven to rotate, and water is drained from the drainage hole by the drainage plate.
2. The mechanical marine deck quick drain utilizing wave energy of claim 1, wherein: the pawl wheel is a disc with pawls arranged at the outer edge, and comprises two discs, 5 pawls and 5 spring pieces, wherein the pawls and the spring pieces are arranged on the discs through bolts on the discs at equal angular intervals, a shaft hole and a key slot are formed in the middle of the two discs and are used for connecting a main shaft, the discs are subjected to medium carbon steel thermal refining, and the surfaces of the discs are subjected to rust prevention; the pawl is made of carbon structural steel and is subjected to surface quenching treatment; the spring piece is made of 60 high-quality carbon steel and is annealed.
3. The mechanical marine deck quick drain utilizing wave energy of claim 1, wherein: the side plates are L-shaped plates and are hinged with the bulwarks through bolts, springs for connecting the side plates with the bulwarks are arranged below the bolts, a plurality of small protrusions are arranged on the outer sides of the side plates, medium carbon steel is adopted as a material of the baffle plate, and the surfaces of the baffle plate are subjected to thermal refining and rust prevention.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810301288.4A CN108502100B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Mechanical quick water draining device for ship deck by utilizing wave energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810301288.4A CN108502100B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Mechanical quick water draining device for ship deck by utilizing wave energy |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108502100A CN108502100A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
| CN108502100B true CN108502100B (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810301288.4A Active CN108502100B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Mechanical quick water draining device for ship deck by utilizing wave energy |
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| CN (1) | CN108502100B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113401300B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-31 | 南通中舟联合船务工程有限公司 | Wave-proof device and ship thereof |
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