CN108499220B - Preparation method and application of graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen Download PDF

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CN108499220B
CN108499220B CN201810379843.5A CN201810379843A CN108499220B CN 108499220 B CN108499220 B CN 108499220B CN 201810379843 A CN201810379843 A CN 201810379843A CN 108499220 B CN108499220 B CN 108499220B
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graphene
polypropylene
woven fabric
graphene oxide
filter screen
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CN108499220A (en
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王顺强
蓝杰蕊
庞维珍
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Shandong Chunjiang Environmental Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D39/00Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D39/00Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1692Other shaped material, e.g. perforated or porous sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D39/00Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B01D39/2055Carbonaceous material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0442Antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal additives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0618Non-woven
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0622Melt-blown
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/10Filtering material manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06Polluted air

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen. The method comprises the following steps: (1) modifying the surface of graphene; (2) preparing graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batches; (3) and preparing the graphene/polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric filter screen. The invention provides a preparation method and application of a graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen, which improve the interception efficiency and the effect of killing bacteria and expand the application range in the field of air filtration.

Description

Preparation method and application of graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-woven fabric filter screen, in particular to a preparation method of a graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen. The invention also relates to an application of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen.
Technical Field
With the rapid development of various industrial fields, the environmental pollution problem is increasingly prominent, and the environmental pollution problem gradually receives social attention. In recent years, air pollution is increased, haze weather is increased gradually, and particles in air not only cause damage to human bodies and equipment, but also have serious influence on operations requiring a sterile environment. Therefore, it is urgently required to remove particles in the air and improve the air cleanliness.
The prior common PP non-woven fabric air purification filter screen has the problems of low interception efficiency, incapability of directly killing harmful bacteria and the like, and limits the application of the filter screen in the field of air filtration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method and application of a graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen, which can improve the interception efficiency, kill bacteria and expand the application range in the field of air filtration.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: modifying the surface of graphene;
step two: preparing graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batches;
step three: preparing a graphene/polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric filter screen;
the first step comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide dispersion liquid: adding graphene oxide into deionized water to form a graphene oxide dispersion liquid, wherein the mass fraction of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is 0.1-1%;
(2) preparing biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide: in N2Under the protection of (1), adding biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid and ammonia water into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, and stirring to form a uniform mixed solution; adding a reducing agent into the mixed solution for reaction; filtering the reaction product, and washing the reaction product by using a detergent to obtain biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide;
(3) preparing PANI nano-fiber graft modified reduced graphene oxide: adding biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide and aniline into H3PO4Stirring and ultrasonic processing are carried out in the solution for 1-1.5H to obtain H of the biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide3PO4A dispersion liquid; then 2-aminophenol-4-sulfonic acid and H3PO4Adding the solution into H of biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide3PO4Stirring the dispersion at room temperature; filtering and washing the synthesized product to obtain PANI nano fiber graft modified RGO;
the second step comprises the following steps: dispersing the prepared PANI nano-fiber graft modification RGO in dimethylbenzene, and washing by using ethanol and dimethylbenzene as detergents in sequence; preparing graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batches by a master batch-melt compounding method;
the third step comprises: drying the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch, extruding and melting the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch, quantitatively conveying a polymer solution formed by melting to a spray head, extruding through the spray head, forming superfine fibers under the blowing action of high-pressure hot air flow, and forming the non-woven fabric by self bonding or thermal reinforcement.
Preferably, the graphene oxide prepared by the Hummers method, the Brodie method or the Staudenmaier method is adopted in the step (1).
Preferably, in the step (2), PPD and ammonia water are added into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, the primary stirring is performed for 6 hours at room temperature, and the secondary stirring is performed for 3 hours at 80 ℃; the mass fractions of PPD, ammonia and graphene dispersion were 1.4%, 2.2% and 96.4%, respectively.
Preferably, the reducing agent in the step (2) is hydrazine hydrate, and the addition amount is 0.2-2% of the mass of the mixed solution; the reaction temperature is 100 ℃, and the reaction time is 1 h.
Preferably, the washing agents in the step (2) are ethanol and water, and the washing is carried out until the filtrate becomes colorless.
Preferably, the concentration of PPD-RGO, aniline, and H of the first added solution in the step (3) is 1 mol/L3PO4The mass ratio of the solution is 0.2:0.8:99, APS, H with the concentration of the second added solution being 1 mol/L3PO4Solution and H of PPD-RGO3PO4The mass ratio between the dispersions was 1.4:24.5: 74.1.
Preferably, the detergent in step (3) is water or ethanol.
Preferably, the second step is: adding maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene into xylene dispersion liquid of PANI nano fiber graft modification RGO by a solvent exchange method at 120 ℃, and continuously stirring for 5 hours; slowly adding the product into excessive low-temperature ethanol for coagulation, washing with xylene, and drying at 80 ℃ for 5 hours to generate PANI nanofiber graft modified RGO and maleic anhydride graft polypropylene mixed master batch;
wherein the mass ratio of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene to the PANI nano-fiber grafted modified RGO is 1: (2.5-10);
mixing the RGO and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene mixed master batch grafted and modified by PANI nano fibers with PP resin in a double-roll internal mixer at 185 ℃ and 50r/min, and then extruding and granulating to obtain graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch;
wherein the mass ratio of the RGO and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene mixed master batch grafted and modified by the PANI nano-fiber to the PP resin is 1: (13-17.5).
Preferably, the temperature of the drying treatment in the third step is 60 ℃, and the drying is carried out for more than 4 hours; the polypropylene non-woven fabric unit is provided with five zones of temperature which are respectively as follows: the feeding zone of the zone I is 176 ℃, the melting zone of the zone II is 280 ℃, the metering zone of the zone III is 300 ℃, the conveying zone of the zone IV is 280 ℃ and the spinning jet of the zone V is 320-324 ℃.
The graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen is applied to air filtration.
The invention has the positive effects that:
according to the invention, the graphene with high breaking strength, high Young modulus, high conductivity, high thermal conductivity coefficient, excellent mechanical properties and other properties is used as a raw material, so that the non-woven fabric prepared by compounding the graphene with the polypropylene resin has the conductivity and antibacterial properties.
The PANI nano-fiber adopted by the invention has good conductivity and a conjugated structure, so that after the PANI nano-fiber is grafted with RGO, the defects generated during RGO combustion can be overcome, and the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric has stable and excellent conductivity.
The maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene is adopted to improve the intermiscibility between the graphene and the polypropylene, so that the graphene and the polypropylene are dispersed in the polypropylene more uniformly, and the conductivity of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric is more stable.
The graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric is prepared by adopting a melt-blowing method, so that fibers are reinforced by self-adhesion, the fibers are fine, the structure is fluffy, the porosity is high, the crease resistance is good, the filtering efficiency is improved, the resistivity is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: and preparing the graphene oxide by adopting a Hummers method, a Brodie method or a Staudenmaier method.
Step 2: in N2Under the protection of (3), adding PPD and ammonia water into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, wherein the mass fraction of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is 0.4%, firstly stirring at room temperature for 6h, and then stirring at 80 DEG CStirring for 3h to form a uniform mixed solution; adding a reducing agent hydrazine hydrate into the mixed solution, and reacting for 1h at 100 ℃; the product is filtered and washed by ethanol and water to be colorless, and finally the PPD-RGO product is obtained. The mass ratio of PPD, ammonia water and graphene oxide dispersion liquid is 1.4:2.2: 96.4. The adding amount of the reducing agent hydrazine hydrate is 1 percent of the mass of the mixed solution.
Step 3 adding PPD-RGO and aniline to H solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L by the grafting-from method3PO4Stirring and ultrasonic treating for 1.5 hr, and mixing APS and H solution with concentration of 1 mol/L3PO4H added to PPD-RGO3PO4Stirring the dispersion liquid for 12 hours at room temperature; and filtering the synthesized product, and washing the product with ethanol and water to obtain the PANI nano-fiber grafted and modified RGO.
PPD-RGO, aniline, H in a concentration of 1 mol/L in the first solution3PO4The mass ratio of the solution is 0.2:0.8:99, APS, H with the concentration of the second added solution being 1 mol/L3PO4Solution and H of PPD-RGO3PO4The mass ratio between the dispersions was 1.4:24.5: 74.1.
And 4, step 4: adding maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene into xylene dispersion liquid of PANI nano fiber graft modification RGO by a solvent exchange method at 120 ℃, and continuously stirring for 5 hours; slowly adding the product into excessive low-temperature ethanol for coagulation, washing with xylene, and drying at 80 ℃ for 5 hours to generate PANI nanofiber graft modified RGO and maleic anhydride graft polypropylene mixed master batch;
the mass ratio of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene to the PANI nano-fiber grafted modified RGO is 1: 10.
Mixing the RGO and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene mixed master batch grafted and modified by PANI nano fibers with PP resin in a double-roll internal mixer at 185 ℃ and 50r/min, and then extruding and granulating to obtain the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch.
The mass ratio of the PANI nanofiber graft modified RGO and maleic anhydride graft polypropylene mixed master batch to the PP resin is 1: 17.
And 5: drying the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch at 60 ℃ for more than 4 hours, putting the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch into a polypropylene non-woven fabric unit, the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch is fed from a zone I at the temperature of 176 ℃, enters a screw extruder through a hopper to reach a II-zone melting section with the temperature of 280 ℃, a polymer solution formed by melting the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch is quantitatively conveyed through a III-zone metering section with the temperature of 300 ℃ and an IV-zone conveying section with the temperature of 280 ℃, and finally reaches a V-zone spinning nozzle with the temperature of 320-324 ℃ (the temperature is changed according to the pressure), the polymer solution is extruded by a nozzle, forming superfine fiber under the blowing action of high-pressure hot air flow, forming non-woven fabric on a receiving device by self-bonding or thermal reinforcement, and finally finishing.
By adopting the steps, the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric with the average fiber diameter of 1um and the area density of 40.5 g/square meter is prepared and is subjected to filtration efficiency and antibacterial test.
(1) Efficiency of filtration
Air containing dust with the particle size of 0.4-9 um is used as a dust source; by adopting the method for manufacturing the non-woven fabric, the polypropylene non-woven fabric with the average fiber diameter of 1um and the area density of 40.5 g/square meter is prepared.
And reflecting the filtering effect of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric by adopting the filtering efficiency. The formula for the filtration efficiency is:
Gi=(1-Bi/Ai)×100%
wherein Gi represents filtration efficiency; ai represents the number of particles in the air before filtration which are larger than the particle size of certain dust; bi represents the number of particles larger than a certain dust particle diameter in the air after the material is filtered.
The following conclusions were obtained by performing filtration efficiency tests on the polypropylene nonwoven fabric and the graphene/polypropylene nonwoven fabric, respectively: when the particle size of the dust is 0.3um, the filtering efficiency of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric is 95.9%, the filtering efficiency of the polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric which is not processed is 85.5%, and the filtering efficiency is obviously improved.
(2) Antibacterial test
Using 1 × 108Mixing the suspension bacteria liquid and an MHA culture medium in a ratio of 1:1000, pouring 15m L into a culture dish, solidifying at room temperature, cutting the sterilized polypropylene non-woven fabric and the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric into circles with the diameter of 1.5cm, clamping by using a sterilized clamp, wetting by using sterile water, completely sticking the sterilized polypropylene non-woven fabric and the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric on a solidified escherichia coli culture medium plate, culturing for 24 hours at 35 ℃, and finally measuring the size of a bacteriostatic circle.
The polypropylene non-woven fabric is not provided with the bacteriostatic circle, and the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric is provided with the obvious bacteriostatic circle, which shows that the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric has a certain bacteriostatic action.
Therefore, the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric is applied to a bag filter or a filter element in air filtration, and can effectively improve the filtration efficiency and the filtration effect.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that various improvements or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: modifying the surface of graphene;
step two: preparing graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batches;
step three: preparing a graphene/polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric filter screen;
the first step comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide dispersion liquid: adding graphene oxide into deionized water to form a graphene oxide dispersion liquid, wherein the mass fraction of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is 0.1-1%;
(2) preparing biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide: in N2Under the protection of (1), adding biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid and ammonia water into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, and stirring to form a uniform mixed solution; adding a reducing agent into the mixed solution for reaction; reaction products of the reactionWashing with a detergent after filtering to obtain biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide;
(3) preparing PANI nano-fiber graft modified reduced graphene oxide: adding biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide and aniline into H3PO4Stirring and ultrasonic processing are carried out in the solution for 1-1.5H to obtain H of the biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide3PO4A dispersion liquid; then 2-aminophenol-4-sulfonic acid and H3PO4Adding the solution into H of biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide3PO4Stirring the dispersion at room temperature; filtering and washing the synthesized product to obtain PANI nano fiber graft modified RGO;
the second step comprises the following steps: adding maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene into xylene dispersion liquid of PANI nano fiber grafted modified RGO by a solvent exchange method, condensing with ethanol in sequence, washing with xylene as a detergent, and drying to generate PANI nano fiber grafted modified RGO and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene mixed master batch; preparing graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batches by using RGO (reduced graphene oxide) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene mixed master batches grafted and modified by PANI (polyaniline) nano fibers and PP (polypropylene) resin through a master batch-melting compounding method;
the third step comprises: drying the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch, extruding and melting the graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch, quantitatively conveying a polymer solution formed by melting to a spray head, extruding through the spray head, forming superfine fibers under the blowing action of high-pressure hot air flow, and forming the non-woven fabric by self bonding or thermal reinforcement.
2. The preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (2) preparing graphene oxide by adopting a Hummers method, a Brodie method or a Staudenmaier method in the step (1).
3. The preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), adding biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid and ammonia water into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, wherein the primary stirring condition is stirring for 6 hours at room temperature, and the secondary stirring condition is stirring for 3 hours at 80 ℃; the mass fractions of biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid, ammonia water and graphene dispersion were 1.4%, 2.2% and 96.4%, respectively.
4. The preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), the reducing agent is hydrazine hydrate, and the adding amount is 0.2-2% of the mass of the mixed solution; the reaction temperature is 100 ℃, and the reaction time is 1 h.
5. The preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) in the step (2), the washing agents are ethanol and water, and the washing is carried out until the filtrate is colorless.
6. The method for preparing the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduced graphene oxide, aniline, and H with the first-time added solution concentration of 1 mol/L3PO4The mass ratio of the solution is 0.2:0.8:99, APS, H with the concentration of the second added solution being 1 mol/L3PO4Solution and biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid modified reduction of H of graphene oxide3PO4The mass ratio between the dispersions was 1.4:24.5: 74.1.
7. The preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) the detergent in the step (3) is water or ethanol.
8. The preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen according to claim 1, wherein the second step is: adding maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene into xylene dispersion liquid of PANI nano fiber graft modification RGO by a solvent exchange method at 120 ℃, and continuously stirring for 5 hours; slowly adding the product into excessive low-temperature ethanol for coagulation, washing with xylene, and drying at 80 ℃ for 5 hours to generate PANI nanofiber graft modified RGO and maleic anhydride graft polypropylene mixed master batch;
wherein the mass ratio of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene to the PANI nano-fiber grafted modified RGO is 1: (2.5-10);
mixing the RGO and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene mixed master batch grafted and modified by PANI nano fibers with PP resin in a double-roll internal mixer at 185 ℃ and 50r/min, and then extruding and granulating to obtain graphene/polypropylene resin composite master batch;
wherein the mass ratio of the RGO and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene mixed master batch grafted and modified by the PANI nano-fiber to the PP resin is 1: (13-17.5).
9. The preparation method of the graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the temperature of the drying treatment in the third step is 60 ℃, and the drying is carried out for more than 4 hours; the polypropylene non-woven fabric unit is provided with five zones of temperature which are respectively as follows: the feeding zone of the zone I is 176 ℃, the melting zone of the zone II is 280 ℃, the metering zone of the zone III is 300 ℃, the conveying zone of the zone IV is 280 ℃ and the spinning jet of the zone V is 320-324 ℃.
10. The graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied to air filtration.
CN201810379843.5A 2018-04-25 2018-04-25 Preparation method and application of graphene/polypropylene non-woven fabric filter screen Active CN108499220B (en)

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