CN108496901A - 一种利用寄生蜂体内共生菌调控害虫种群的方法 - Google Patents
一种利用寄生蜂体内共生菌调控害虫种群的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
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- 241000256618 Trichogramma Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000604961 Wolbachia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010067770 Endopeptidase K Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A01K67/033—
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用寄生蜂体内共生菌调控害虫种群的方法。寄生蜂稻螟赤眼蜂根据其与寄主三化螟种群数量相对大小,通过调整寄生蜂体内共生菌Wolbachia感染率来改变寄生蜂雌性比例,可调节对害虫种群的控制作用。较传统的害虫化学防控手段,此方法可安全有效提高自然控害资源的控害能力,能替代中高毒性农药防治害虫,可有效减少环境污染。
Description
一、技术领域
本发明属于害虫防控技术领域,具体涉及一种利用寄生蜂体内共生菌调控害虫种群的方法。
二、技术背景
稻螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma japonicun Ashmead作为中国许多地区水稻螟虫卵优势寄生蜂,在螟虫种群的自然控制中发挥重要作用。
寄生蜂体内存在着大量的次生共生菌,包括Wolbachia、Cardinium、Spiroplasma、Rickettsia等,这当中,以Wolbachia分布最广,它的功能包括诱导寄生蜂产雌孤雌生殖、细胞质不亲和从而使寄主后代性比失衡、增强雌性繁殖能力等。共生菌的这些作用对于寄生蜂进入新生境并建立种群以及种群分化等均具有重要作用。此外,Wolbachia也影响寄生蜂行走和扩散能力、寄生和羽化、寿命和滞育等,其中大部分赤眼蜂种群内Wolbachia引起了寄主的产雌孤雌生殖,仅在T.bourarachae内增强了寄主的繁殖能力。对于水稻螟虫重要寄生蜂一稻螟赤眼蜂中Wolbachia的感染及其作用等,尚未有研究报道。而这方面的研究对于我们深入探索赤眼蜂和水稻螟虫间的协同进化关系、正确理解寄生蜂成功进化的生态策略等均具有重要的理论和实践意义,同时对于我们如何利用寄生蜂体内共生菌调控害虫种群具有重要指导作用。
三、发明内容
1、发明目的
提供一种通过寄生蜂体内共生菌调控害虫种群的方法,能安全有效地提高寄生蜂对害虫的控制作用。
2、技术方案
为达到上述目的,本发明利用共生菌提高寄生蜂对害虫的控制效果,获得了一种安全高效的害虫控制方法,它的应用可显著提高对害虫的控制效果。
本发明为一种利用寄生蜂体内共生菌提高对害虫控制能力的方法,其特征在于利用共生菌Wolbachia提高寄生蜂对害虫的寄生能力。
3、有益效果
本发明的方法可产生以下有益效果:(1)利用寄生蜂体内共生菌提高对害虫的寄生能力,提高自然控害资源的控害能力。(2)替代了中高毒性农药防治害虫,有效减少环境污染。
四、具体实施方式
本发明的实施例是采用田间采样室内调查检测的方法。通过调查检测,明确寄生蜂体内共生菌对螟虫的控制作用。
供试材料:
所有三化螟卵块均采自江西瑞昌水稻田。
试验方法:
寄生调查:三化螟卵块按采集时间分管存放于试管中,每管一块,管口以黑布封口。放置于室温下(27℃左右)孵化,每天检查每个卵块孵化幼虫数及羽化寄生蜂数,并在解剖镜下鉴别寄生蜂的种类及雌雄,记录孵化时间和卵块大小,同一卵块中雌雄寄生蜂的个体数。
寄生蜂DNA提取:单只寄生蜂放入1.5mL离心管中,加200μL研磨缓冲液(100mMNacl,200mM蔗糖,100mM This-HCl(PH 9.1),50mM EDTA,0.5%SDS)研磨成匀浆后再加入200μL的研磨液,另加蛋白酶K至浓度为100μg/mL并混匀,65℃温育1h,加入50μl KAc(8mol/L)至终浓度1mol/L,冰上静置30min,12000r/min离心15min,吸出350μL上清,加入2倍体积的无水乙醇,在-20℃过夜,充分沉淀DNA,次日12000r/min离心15min,干燥3-4h,溶解于30μl ddH2O中待用。
共生菌Wolbachia的PCR检测:Wolbachia的wsp基因扩增引物为wsp 81F(5’TGGTCC AATAAGTGATGAAGA AAC),wsp 691R(5’AAA AATTAA ACGCTACTCCA)。PCR扩增程序为:94℃预变性3min,35个循环(94℃,60s;55℃,60s;72℃,60s),72℃延伸10min。PCR扩增体系(25μl)为:25mM MgCl2 2.5μl,10×PCR buffer 2.5μl,dNTP(10mM each)2μl,正反引物各0.5μl,Tag DNA聚合酶0.2μl,DNA模板2.5μl,水14.3μl。扩增条带大小为600bp。
数据处理与分析:根据观察检测记录的数据,计算各日期采集三化螟卵块中,同一天所有卵块孵化三化螟幼虫总数和羽化寄生蜂总数以及雌蜂总数,并进一步计算同一天孵化卵块中三化螟种群与稻螟赤眼蜂种群数量比值、寄生蜂雌性比例、Wolbachia携带率。其中三化螟种群与稻螟赤眼蜂种群数量比值=(同一天所有三化螟卵块中寄生蜂羽化总数+孵化三化螟幼虫总数)/所有卵块中羽化寄生蜂数*100%,共生菌Wolbachia的感染率=携带的寄生蜂数/寄生蜂总数*100%,寄生蜂雌性比例=雌性寄生蜂数/寄生蜂总数*100%。
实施效果
寄生蜂可以根据田间害虫种群与寄生蜂种群数量相对大小,通过调节其体内共生菌感染率来调节雌性比例,进而可调控害虫种群。在田间三化螟发生早期,害虫种群与寄生蜂种群数量比值高,寄生蜂稻螟赤眼蜂体内Wolbachia感染率就高,寄生蜂中雌性比例也高。在田间三化螟发生中晚期,害虫种群与寄生蜂种群数量比值低,寄生蜂体内Wolbachia感染率变低,寄生蜂中雌性比例亦下降。
实施例1
在三化螟发生早期如5月1日采集的三化螟卵,三化螟种群与稻螟赤眼蜂种群数量比值为27.8,此时稻螟赤眼蜂共生菌Wolbachia的感染率高,为44.3%,稻螟赤眼蜂雌性比例也高,为93.6%。
实施例2
在三化螟发生早期如5月2日采集的三化螟卵,三化螟种群与稻螟赤眼蜂种群数量比值为22.7,稻螟赤眼蜂共生菌Wolbachia的感染率达41.5%,稻螟赤眼蜂雌性比例高达90%。
实施例3
在三化螟发生中晚期即5月10日采集的三化螟卵,三化螟种群与稻螟赤眼蜂种群数量比值降为16.3,稻螟赤眼蜂体内共生菌Wolbachia的感染率较早期有所下降,为37.4%,此时稻螟赤眼蜂雌性比例也同样也有下降,为84.9%。
实施例4
在三化螟发生中晚期即5月11日采集的三化螟卵块,三化螟种群与稻螟赤眼蜂种群数量比值降为5.1,共生菌Wolbachia的感染率较早期也有所下降,为34.9%,稻螟赤眼蜂雌性比例同样也有下降,为81.8%。
Claims (1)
1.一种利用寄生蜂体内共生菌调控害虫种群的方法,其特征在于稻螟赤眼蜂根据其与寄主三化螟种群数量相对大小,通过调整寄生蜂体内共生菌Wolbachia感染率来改变寄生蜂雌性比例,调节对害虫种群的控制作用。
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CN111011313A (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所云南分所 | 一种提高赤眼蜂后代雌性比例的方法及其应用 |
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JPH06345610A (ja) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-20 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | トリコグラマ種マミーを含有する殺虫組成物 |
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JPH06345610A (ja) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-20 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | トリコグラマ種マミーを含有する殺虫組成物 |
CN105123353A (zh) * | 2015-08-30 | 2015-12-09 | 常州思宇环保材料科技有限公司 | 一种生物防治水稻病虫害系统设计 |
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Cited By (1)
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CN111011313A (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所云南分所 | 一种提高赤眼蜂后代雌性比例的方法及其应用 |
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