CN108493912A - A kind of current foldback circuit and device - Google Patents
A kind of current foldback circuit and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108493912A CN108493912A CN201810312081.7A CN201810312081A CN108493912A CN 108493912 A CN108493912 A CN 108493912A CN 201810312081 A CN201810312081 A CN 201810312081A CN 108493912 A CN108493912 A CN 108493912A
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- switch pipe
- operational amplifier
- foldback circuit
- current foldback
- connect
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/025—Current limitation using field effect transistors
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of current foldback circuit and device, which includes at least first switch pipe, and the first end of first switch pipe is connect with voltage controling input end；The first end of second switch pipe, second switch pipe is connect with voltage controling input end；First operational amplifier, the second end of first switch pipe connects the output end of the first operational amplifier with the second end of second switch pipe, the first input end of first operational amplifier is connect with the third end of second switch pipe, and the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connect with the third end of first switch pipe；The third end of first flow straightener, first switch pipe is grounded by the first flow straightener；The third end of second flow straightener, second switch pipe is grounded by the second flow straightener.By the above-mentioned means, the application can realize overcurrent protection.
Description
Technical field
This application involves electronic circuit fields, more particularly to a kind of current foldback circuit and device.
Background technology
Overcurrent protective switch, built-in work(are all usually needed in the applications such as battery management, Industry Control, communication and consumer electronics
The overcurrent protection chip of rate switch is used widely because its is easy to use, the overcurrent protection of traditional built-in power switch
When chip works normally, power switch and reference switch are all the driving voltages being connected and fixed, and power switch and reference switch are all
It is operated in linear zone；By comparing the pressure drop on power switch and reference switch to determine whether overcurrent, switch-off power after overcurrent
It switchs to achieve the purpose that overcurrent protection.
In addition, traditional scheme for the demand using constant current output after overcurrent, needs to increase a power switch, pass through control
The driving voltage of the newly-increased power switch of system achievees the purpose that current limliting, this way increase power switch conducting resistance and
Cost.
Invention content
The application mainly solves the problems, such as to be to provide a kind of current foldback circuit and device, can realize overcurrent protection.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the application is the technical solution adopted is that provide a kind of current foldback circuit, the overcurrent
Circuit is protected to include at least first switch pipe, the first end of first switch pipe is connect with voltage controling input end；Second switch pipe,
The first end of second switch pipe is connect with voltage controling input end；First operational amplifier, the second end of first switch pipe and
The second end of two switching tubes connects the output end of the first operational amplifier, and the first input end of the first operational amplifier is opened with second
The third end connection of pipe is closed, the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connect with the third end of first switch pipe；First current stabilization
The third end of device, first switch pipe is grounded by the first flow straightener；The third end of second flow straightener, second switch pipe passes through second
Flow straightener is grounded.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution that the application uses is to provide a kind of overcurrent protective device, it should
Overcurrent protective device includes above-mentioned current foldback circuit.
Through the above scheme, the advantageous effect of the application is：By by the first of the first switch pipe of current foldback circuit
End is connect with voltage controling input end；The first end of second switch pipe is connect with voltage controling input end；The of first switch pipe
Two ends connect the output end of the first operational amplifier, the first input end of the first operational amplifier with the second end of second switch pipe
It is connect with the third end of second switch pipe, the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connect with the third end of first switch pipe；
The third end of first switch pipe is grounded by the first flow straightener；The third end of second switch pipe is grounded by the second flow straightener；It is logical
The second end that the output end of operational amplifier is connected to first switch pipe and second switch pipe is crossed, to control first switch pipe
With the working condition of second switch pipe so that they can be operated in saturation region, when there is overcurrent condition, operational amplifier
The voltage of output end output reduces so that second switch pipe is operated in saturation region, and conduction impedance increases, so that the electricity of output
Stream reduces, and plays the role of reducing output current when overcurrent, protects load circuit.
Description of the drawings
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other are can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Attached drawing.Wherein：
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of current foldback circuit in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of current foldback circuit in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of current foldback circuit provided by the present application；
Fig. 4 is another structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of current foldback circuit provided by the present application；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of current foldback circuit provided by the present application.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in application, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of not making performing creative labour
Embodiment shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
In order to realize the purpose of overcurrent protection, realized in the prior art using two transistors, as shown in Figure 1, T1 is
With reference to pipe, T2 is power tube, and VSS is power supply positive input, and VDD is voltage controling input end, and transistor T1 and T2 work
In linear zone, two switches are equivalent to, the conduction impedance of power tube T2 is more much smaller than the conduction impedance with reference to pipe T1；When output electricity
When flowing I2 more than default cut-off current, power tube T2 is closed, and output current I2 is 0A；By operational amplifier, it is found that overcurrent is just closed
Break power tube T2, not output current.
In addition in order to realize the purpose of constant current output after overcurrent, additionally increase a power tube T3, such as Fig. 2 in the prior art
Shown, the conducting resistance of power tube T3 need not be examined with the conducting resistance of power tube T2 at preset ratio, but for area-optimized
Consider, the conducting resistance of the conducting resistance of general power tube T3 and power tube T2 are approximate, with reference to pipe T1 and power tube T2 still all works
Make, in linear zone, to be intended only as switching.
It is opened completely when with reference to pipe T1 and power tube T2 work, institute very small with reference to the pressure drop on pipe T1 and power tube T2
It is equal to voltage controling input end vdd voltage substantially with A point voltages and B point voltages.
Detection is with reference to the pressure drop on pipe T1 and power tube T2, and when output current I2 is more than default cut-off current, i.e. B point voltages are low
When A point voltages, by the gate drive voltage of regulation power pipe T3, increase the conducting resistance of power tube T3, reduces output electricity
Stream makes B point voltages be equal to A point voltages.
The pressure drop that is operated in by comparing in the switch transistor T 1 of linear zone is not related to power-off to determine whether overcurrent after overcurrent
Stream, but regulation power pipe T3 come make output current I2 be equal to preset cut-off current, continue to output electric current；But due to being mostly used one
Power tube causes circuit area to increase, and increases cost.
It is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of current foldback circuit provided by the present application, the overcurrent protection refering to Fig. 3, Fig. 3
Circuit includes at least first switch pipe T1, second switch pipe T2, the first operational amplifier A 1, the first flow straightener H1 and the second current stabilization
Device H2.
The first end of first switch pipe T1 is connect with voltage controling input end；The first end of second switch pipe T2 and voltage control
Input terminal connection processed；The second end of first switch pipe T1 connects the first operational amplifier A 1 with the second end of second switch pipe T2
The first input end of output end, the first operational amplifier A 1 is connect with the third end of second switch pipe T2, the first operational amplifier
The second input terminal of A1 is connect with the third end of first switch pipe T1.
The third end of first switch pipe T1, the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier A 1 and the first flow straightener H1 are coupled to
First common point A, the third end of second switch pipe T2, the first input end of the first operational amplifier A 1 and the second flow straightener H2 couplings
It is connected to the second common point B.
The positive power source terminal of first operational amplifier A 1 connects power supply positive input VSS (not shown)s, wherein power supply
For powering for the first operational amplifier A 1, and the voltage that the voltage of voltage controling input end is power supply positive input VSS
The voltage obtained after booster circuit is handled；For example, power supply positive input VSS voltages are 5V, voltage controling input end
Voltage is 10V.
First switch pipe T1 and first switch pipe T2 can be metal-oxide-semiconductor (field-effect tube) or triode；When first switch pipe
When T1 and first switch pipe T2 is metal-oxide-semiconductor, first end is the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, and second end is the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor, and third end is MOS
The source electrode of pipe.
The first input end of first operational amplifier A 1 is the in-phase input end of operational amplifier；First operational amplifier A 1
Negative power end ground connection；Second input terminal of the first operational amplifier A 1 is the inverting input of operational amplifier；Due to first
The input voltage range of operational amplifier is 0~VDD, therefore the first operational amplifier needs to use rail-to-rail；Wherein
VDD is voltage controling input end voltage.
The third end of first switch pipe T1 passes through the first flow straightener H1 ground connection；The third end of second switch pipe T2 passes through second
Flow straightener H2 ground connection.
First operational amplifier A 1 is used to detect the voltage difference of first input end and the second input terminal, according to voltage difference
Adjust the voltage value of the second end of first switch pipe and the second end of second switch pipe.
First switch pipe T1 is N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and second switch pipe T2 is power switch tube, and second switch pipe T2 is also N-type
Metal-oxide-semiconductor, first switch pipe T1 are with reference to pipe, and the conducting resistance of first switch pipe T1 is usually second switch pipe T2 conducting resistances
Up to ten thousand times；The conducting resistance of metal-oxide-semiconductor is inversely proportional with shared area, and conducting resistance is smaller, and shared area is bigger, therefore second
The area of switch transistor T 2 is bigger than the area of first switch pipe T1.Due to the area ratio of the transistor N-type transistor of same resistance
It is smaller, so P-type transistor can also be used using more commonly in N-type transistor in the present embodiment.
As shown in figure 4, the first flow straightener H1 is with reference to constant-current source, the second flow straightener H2 is current source, is used with reference to constant-current source
To set default cut-off current ILIM, wherein ILIM=N0*I1, N0 are the conduction impedance of first switch pipe T1 and second switch pipe T2
The ratio between, N0>>1000, I1 be the current value with reference to constant-current source.
When overcurrent protection circuit output current I2 is less than default cut-off current ILIM, I2<ILIM=N0*I1, then overcurrent protection is electric
The electric current of road output is I2.
If access external loading is excessive or supply voltage is excessive causes current foldback circuit output current I2 to be more than current limliting
Value ILIMWhen, current foldback circuit works at this time, when current foldback circuit detects overcurrent, first input end and second defeated
The voltage difference for entering end is less than preset voltage value, the output end control first switch pipe T1 and second switch of the first operational amplifier
Pipe T2 is operated in saturation region.
By adjusting the driving voltage of the second end of second switch pipe T2, that is, reduce the drive of the second end of second switch pipe T2
Dynamic voltage, to increase the conducting resistance of second switch pipe T2, to reduce the second common point B voltages so that external loading
Input current be equal to ILIM, output current I2=I at this timeLIM=N0*I1.
The present embodiment first detects whether overcurrent, when overcurrent using the first operational amplifier come the of regulation power pipe T2
The voltage at two ends so that output current I2 is equal to default cut-off current I after overcurrentLIM, control and detection are more multiple than the prior art
It is miscellaneous, but a power tube can be saved, to save area and cost.
It is different from the prior art, present embodiments provides a kind of current foldback circuit, the first of the current foldback circuit opens
The first end for closing pipe is connect with voltage controling input end；The first end of second switch pipe is connect with voltage controling input end；First
The second end of switching tube connects the output end of the first operational amplifier with the second end of second switch pipe, the first operational amplifier
First input end is connect with the third end of second switch pipe, and the of the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier and first switch pipe
Three ends connect；The third end of first switch pipe is grounded by the first flow straightener；The third end of second switch pipe passes through the second current stabilization
Device is grounded.By the way that the output end of operational amplifier to be connected to the second end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe, to control
The working condition of first switch pipe and second switch pipe so that they can be operated in saturation region, when there is overcurrent condition, fortune
The output end output voltage for calculating amplifier reduces so that second switch pipe is operated in saturation region, and conduction impedance increases, so that
The electric current of output reduces, and plays the role of reducing output current when overcurrent, protects load circuit.
It is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of current foldback circuit provided by the present application, the present embodiment base refering to Fig. 5, Fig. 5
In above-described embodiment, which includes at least first switch pipe T1, second switch pipe T2, the first operational amplifier
A1, the first flow straightener and the second flow straightener；Wherein, the second flow straightener is current source, current value I2.
First flow straightener includes at least third switch transistor T 3, second operational amplifier A2, first resistor R1 and second resistance
R2。
The first end of third switch transistor T 3 is connect with the third end of first switch pipe T1；The first of second operational amplifier A2
Input terminal receives reference voltage VREF, the second input terminal of second operational amplifier A2 connect with the third end of third switch transistor T 3,
The second end of the output end and third switch transistor T 3 of second operational amplifier A2.
Third switch transistor T 3 can be N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor or triode；When third switch transistor T 3 is N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor, first end
For the drain electrode of N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor, second end is the grid of N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and third end is the source electrode of N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
The one end first resistor R1 is connect with the second input terminal of second operational amplifier A2, another termination of first resistor R1
Ground；Second resistance R2 is connected between the first end of third switch transistor T 3 and the third end of first switch pipe T1, second resistance R2
For adjustable resistance.
The third end of third switch transistor T 3, the second input terminal of second operational amplifier A2 and first resistor R1 are coupled to
Three common point C, the third end of first switch pipe T1, the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier A 1 and second resistance R2 are coupled to
First common point A.
Current foldback circuit can also include adjustment circuit, be used to adjust reference voltage VREF, can be with by adjusting circuit
Adjust reference voltage VREFSize；Or it can also be by manually adjusting reference voltage VREF；For example, reference voltage can
Think 2.5V.
When overcurrent, the first input end of the first operational amplifier A 1 and the second input terminal voltage difference are less than preset value,
The output end voltage of first operational amplifier A 1, which reduces, makes first switch pipe T1 and second switch pipe T2 be in saturation region, flows through
The electric current of second switch pipe T2 reduces, and the voltage of the second common point B reduces.
The characteristics of being declined using the first common point A voltages when overcurrent adjusts reference voltage VREFOr the value of resistance R2, come
It is attached default cut-off current can be reduced to 0A when realizing the current limliting fold-back function, i.e. external short circuit after output voltage is less than preset voltage value
Closely, short-circuit dissipation is greatly reduced.
When the second common point B voltages drop to preset voltage value, default cut-off current becomes smaller, the first common point A voltages with
With the second common point B voltage changes.
The electric current I1 of first flow straightener output is as follows：
I1=VC/ R1=VREF/ R1, wherein VCFor the voltage value of third common point C.
When the first common point A voltages drop below reference voltage VREFWhen voltage, third common point C voltage VCIt can be by under
It is pulled to and is less than reference voltage VREF, the electric current I1 reductions of first resistor R1 are flowed through, cut-off current I2=N0*I1 will become smaller at this time；Its
In, N0 is the ratio between the conduction impedance of first switch pipe T1 and second switch pipe T2；When the first common point A voltages drop to 0V, the
Three common point C voltages can also drop to 0V, and default cut-off current also drops to 0A.
A current limliting fold-back point voltage V for output voltageB=I1* (R1+R2), default cut-off current generally pass through N0*VREF/ R1 comes
Setting, referring generally to voltage VREF, N0, R1 and I1 be fixed value, so can only by the resistance value of second resistance R2 come adjust output
The current limliting fold-back point of voltage.
Be different from the prior art, current foldback circuit provided in this embodiment, by by traditional constant-current source replace with to
Circuit including third switching tube, second operational amplifier, first resistor and second resistance less；The first end of third switching tube with
The third end of first switch pipe connects；The first input end of second operational amplifier receives reference voltage, second operational amplifier
The second input terminal connect with the third end of third switching tube, the output end of second operational amplifier and the second of third switching tube
End；Second input terminal of first resistor one end and second operational amplifier connects, the other end ground connection of first resistor；Second resistance
It is connected between the first end of third switching tube and the third end of first switch pipe.By the resistance value or the reference that adjust second resistance
The voltage value of voltage realizes the control to exporting baffling point so that when short circuit occurs, overcurrent protection not only may be implemented, also
The power consumption of load circuit can be reduced.
The application also provides a kind of overcurrent protective device, which includes the overcurrent protection in above-described embodiment
Circuit.
It these are only embodiments herein, be not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the application, it is every to be said using the application
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright book and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technology necks
Domain includes similarly in the scope of patent protection of the application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of current foldback circuit, which is characterized in that the current foldback circuit includes at least：
The first end of first switch pipe, the first switch pipe is connect with voltage controling input end；
The first end of second switch pipe, the second switch pipe is connect with the voltage controling input end；
First operational amplifier, the second end of the first switch pipe connect described first with the second end of the second switch pipe
The output end of operational amplifier, the first input end of first operational amplifier and the third end of the second switch pipe connect
It connects, the second input terminal of first operational amplifier is connect with the third end of the first switch pipe；
The third end of first flow straightener, the first switch pipe is grounded by first flow straightener；
The third end of second flow straightener, the second switch pipe is grounded by second flow straightener.
2. current foldback circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first operational amplifier is for detecting institute
The voltage difference for stating first input end and second input terminal adjusts the of the first switch pipe according to the voltage difference
The voltage value of the second end of two ends and the second switch pipe.
3. current foldback circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first switch pipe is N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor, institute
It is power switch tube to state second switch pipe.
4. current foldback circuit according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first flow straightener be with reference to constant-current source,
Second flow straightener is current source.
5. current foldback circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
When the current foldback circuit detects overcurrent, the voltage difference is less than preset value, first operational amplifier
Output end control the first switch pipe and the second switch pipe and be operated in saturation region.
6. current foldback circuit according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first flow straightener includes at least：
Third switching tube, the first end of the third switching tube are connect with the third end of the first switch pipe；
The first input end of second operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier receives reference voltage, and second operation is put
Second input terminal of big device is connect with the third end of the third switching tube, the output end of the second operational amplifier with it is described
The second end of third switching tube；
First resistor, described first resistor one end are connect with the second input terminal of the second operational amplifier, first electricity
The other end of resistance is grounded.
7. current foldback circuit according to claim 6, which is characterized in that first flow straightener further includes the second electricity
Resistance, the second resistance are connected between the first end of the third switching tube and the third end of the first switch pipe.
8. current foldback circuit according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the second resistance is adjustable resistance.
9. current foldback circuit according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the current foldback circuit further includes adjustment electricity
Road, for adjusting the reference voltage.
10. a kind of overcurrent protective device, including such as claim 1-9 any one of them current foldback circuits.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810312081.7A CN108493912A (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | A kind of current foldback circuit and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810312081.7A CN108493912A (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | A kind of current foldback circuit and device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108493912A true CN108493912A (en) | 2018-09-04 |
Family
ID=63315068
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810312081.7A Pending CN108493912A (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | A kind of current foldback circuit and device |
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| CN (1) | CN108493912A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100026254A1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-02-04 | Advanced Analog Technology, Inc. | Low dropout regulator and the over current protection circuit thereof |
| CN102801294A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-28 | 北京市科通电子继电器总厂 | In-parallel sampling over-current protection circuit |
| CN103575964A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-02-12 | 快捷半导体(苏州)有限公司 | Over-current detection circuit and method for power switch tube |
| CN105811759A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-27 | 登丰微电子股份有限公司 | Power supply device |
| CN208241310U (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-12-14 | 东莞赛微微电子有限公司 | A kind of current foldback circuit and device |
-
2018
- 2018-04-09 CN CN201810312081.7A patent/CN108493912A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100026254A1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-02-04 | Advanced Analog Technology, Inc. | Low dropout regulator and the over current protection circuit thereof |
| CN103575964A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-02-12 | 快捷半导体(苏州)有限公司 | Over-current detection circuit and method for power switch tube |
| CN102801294A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-28 | 北京市科通电子继电器总厂 | In-parallel sampling over-current protection circuit |
| CN105811759A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-27 | 登丰微电子股份有限公司 | Power supply device |
| CN208241310U (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-12-14 | 东莞赛微微电子有限公司 | A kind of current foldback circuit and device |
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Address after: 523808 room 402, 404, 408, building 1, no.6, South Industrial Road, Songshanhu Park, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Guangdong Saiwei Electronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 410, 411 and 412, building 3, no.6, Gongye South Road, Songshanhu high tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province 523808 Applicant before: DONGGUAN CELLWISE MICROELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. |