CN108493464A - Solid oxidized fuel cell, heat preserving method and vehicle - Google Patents
Solid oxidized fuel cell, heat preserving method and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108493464A CN108493464A CN201810469649.6A CN201810469649A CN108493464A CN 108493464 A CN108493464 A CN 108493464A CN 201810469649 A CN201810469649 A CN 201810469649A CN 108493464 A CN108493464 A CN 108493464A
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- pile
- oxidized fuel
- solid oxidized
- air
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04052—Storage of heat in the fuel cell system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solid oxidized fuel cell, heat preserving method and vehicle, heat preserving method includes:When the solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, the pile of the solid oxidized fuel cell is heated using auxiliary heater.When solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, pile is quickly cooled down in order to prevent, and auxiliary heater may be used and heated to pile, so that pile remains at set temperature or more.So set, when solid oxidized fuel cell starts, the heating temperature difference of pile is smaller, substantially reduces solid oxidized fuel cell starting duration, improves startup speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fuel cell technology, more specifically to a kind of solid oxidized fuel cell, heat preservation side
Method and vehicle.
Background technology
Solid oxide fuel cell (solid oxide fuel cell, SOFC) is that one kind will under the conditions of high temperature
Chemical energy in fuel is converted into all solid state chemical generated device of electric energy by electrochemical reaction.SOFC systems are in fuel
All have great advantage in terms of efficiency, discharge, repair and noise pollution.
As shown in Figure 1, solid oxidized fuel cell in the prior art include air system, fuel reformer, pile and
Tail gas burner.Pile generally includes several or even more than ten of reaction member, and each reaction member includes cathode and anode, difference
The air and fuel that fuel cell reaction needs are provided to multiple reaction members.Since solid oxide fuel cell belongs to middle height
Temp fuel battery, pile running temperature are up to 600 DEG C -1000 DEG C, thus air and fuel enter pile before be required to heat.It is empty
After gas is heated up in air heater, into the cathode of each reaction member of pile.Fuel is then in fuel reformer
It is middle by heated reformate, natural gas is reformed into H at high temperature2With CO etc., then enter the anode of each reaction member of pile.
Solid oxidized fuel cell needs pile being heated to 600-1000 DEG C, system could normal work in cold start-up
Make, at this time generally by fuel catalytic combustion heat release, the heat released heats air, and the air after heating then continues
Pile is heated, to step up the temperature of pile, until pile is promoted to normal pyroreaction temperature.
However, environment temperature is generally tens degrees Celsius, the temperature deviation of start-up course is huge, and pile total quality
Greatly, the thermal capacitance of pile is larger, therefore solid oxidized fuel cell needs to be up to several hours in Cold Start, starts the time
Long and startup speed is excessively slow.
Long problem is taken in conclusion how to efficiently solve solid oxidized fuel cell and start, is current ability
Field technique personnel's urgent problem.
Invention content
In view of this, first of the present invention is designed to provide a kind of heat preserving method of solid oxidized fuel cell, it should
The heat preserving method of solid oxidized fuel cell can efficiently solve solid oxidized fuel cell and start the long problem that takes, originally
Second purpose of invention is to provide a kind of solid oxidized fuel cell and includes the vehicle of above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell.
In order to reach above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of heat preserving method of solid oxidized fuel cell, including:
When the solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, using auxiliary heater to the solid oxidized fuel
The pile of battery is heated.
Preferably, in the heat preserving method of above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell, the auxiliary heater is electric heater.
Preferably, in the heat preserving method of above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell, using auxiliary heater to the solid oxidation
The pile of fuel cell is heated, specially:
If the temperature of the pile is less than set temperature, air is heated using auxiliary heater, after heating
Air carries out heat exchange with the pile;
If the temperature of the pile is higher than set temperature, the auxiliary heater is stopped.
A kind of solid oxidized fuel cell, including air heater, fuel reformer, pile and tail gas burner, are also wrapped
Auxiliary heater is included, the auxiliary heater can heat the pile.
Preferably, in above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell, the auxiliary heater is electric heater.
Preferably, further include air system in above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell, the air outlet slit of the air system with
The air intlet of the auxiliary heater is connected to, and the air outlet slit of the auxiliary heater is connected to the pile.
Preferably, in above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell, the auxiliary heater is concatenated with the air heater.
Preferably, described when the solid oxidized fuel cell is in running order in above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell
Air heater and the auxiliary heater into the air before pile simultaneously to carrying out heat exchange.
Preferably, further include the incubator in the outside for being located at the pile in above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell, and/
Or, being provided with insulating layer on the surface of at least one component of the pile.
A kind of vehicle, including solid oxidized fuel cell, the solid oxidized fuel cell are such as any one of above-mentioned institute
The solid oxidized fuel cell stated.
The heat preserving method of the solid oxidized fuel cell provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
When solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, using auxiliary heater to the electricity of solid oxidized fuel cell
Heap is heated.
In the above method, solid oxidized fuel cell be in off working state refer to solid oxidized fuel cell be in do not send out
The pile inside no current of electricity condition, solid oxidized fuel cell generates.
I.e. when solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, pile is quickly cooled down in order to prevent, may be used auxiliary
Heater is helped to heat pile, so that pile remains at set temperature or more.So set, working as solid oxidized fuel
When start battery, the heating temperature difference of pile is smaller, substantially reduces solid oxidized fuel cell starting duration, improves startup speed
Degree.
In order to reach above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of solid oxidized fuel cell and vehicles.This is solid
Body oxidized fuel cell and vehicle also have corresponding technique effect.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the system framework figure of solid oxidized fuel cell in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the system framework figure of solid oxidized fuel cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 2:
1- fuel reformers, 2- air heaters, 3- auxiliary heaters, 4- tail gas burners, 5- piles.
Specific implementation mode
First of the present invention is designed to provide a kind of heat preserving method of solid oxidized fuel cell, solid oxidation combustion
The heat preserving method of material battery can efficiently solve solid oxidized fuel cell and start the long problem of taking, and of the invention second
A purpose is to provide a kind of solid oxidized fuel cell and includes the vehicle of above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell.
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, the fingers such as term "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", " left side " and " right side "
The orientation or positional relationship shown is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of the description present invention and simplifies
Description, particular orientation must be had, be constituted and operated with specific orientation by not indicating or implying the indicated position or element,
Therefore it should not be understood as the limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as
Instruction implies relative importance.
The heat preserving method of the solid oxidized fuel cell provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
When solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, using auxiliary heater 3 to solid oxidized fuel cell
Pile 5 is heated.
In the above method, solid oxidized fuel cell be in off working state refer to solid oxidized fuel cell be in do not send out
The 5 inside no current of pile of electricity condition, solid oxidized fuel cell generates.
I.e. when solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, pile 5 is quickly cooled down in order to prevent, may be used auxiliary
Heater 3 is helped to heat pile 5, so that pile 5 remains at set temperature or more.So set, working as solid oxidation
When fuel cell start-up, the heating temperature difference of pile 5 is smaller, substantially reduces solid oxidized fuel cell starting duration, improves
Start speed.Wherein, set temperature is 500 DEG C, and certain set temperature can also be other numerical value, be not limited thereto.
When solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, above-mentioned auxiliary heater 3 can always add pile 5
It is hot or intermittent to the heating of pile 5, it is not limited thereto.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned auxiliary heater 3 can be electric heater, so need to only be powered to electric heater
.When Vehicular charging, at the same to electric heater be powered with to pile 5 heat, make pile 5 remain at set temperature with
On.Certainly, auxiliary heater 3 can also be fuel heater or refrigerant condenser etc., be not limited thereto.
In another embodiment, the pile 5 of solid oxidized fuel cell is heated and can be had using auxiliary heater 3
Body is:Air is heated using auxiliary heater 3, the air after heating carries out heat exchange with pile 5.Certainly, auxiliary adds
Hot device 3 can also be contacted with pile 5 to realize that heat exchange or auxiliary heater 3 and pile 5 realize that heat passes by other media
It passs.
Further, the pile 5 of solid oxidized fuel cell is heated using auxiliary heater 3, specially:If electric
The temperature of heap 5 is less than set temperature, then auxiliary heater 3 is in running order;If the temperature of pile 5 is higher than set temperature,
Auxiliary heater 3 is stopped.So set, can prevent 3 long-term continue working of auxiliary heater from leading to energy dissipation.It is above-mentioned
In running order auxiliary heater 3 refers to that auxiliary heater 3 heats air, and the air after heating is carried out with pile 5
Heat exchange.
The temperature of pile 5 can be measured in the above method by temperature sensor, controller obtains temperature sensor and measures
Pile 5 temperature, the temperature of the pile 5 of acquisition is compared by controller with set temperature, if the temperature of pile 5 is less than setting
Constant temperature degree, then controller control auxiliary heater 3 is in running order;If the temperature of pile 5 is higher than set temperature, controller
Control auxiliary heater 3 is stopped.
Referring to Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of solid oxidized fuel cell, solid oxidized fuel cell packet
Include air heater 2, fuel reformer 1, pile 5 and tail gas burner 4, it is preferred that emphasis is, solid oxidized fuel cell further includes
Auxiliary heater 3, auxiliary heater 3 can heat pile 5.So set, when solid oxidized fuel cell is in inoperative shape
When state, the pile 5 of solid oxidized fuel cell is heated using auxiliary heater 3.I.e. in solid oxidized fuel cell
When 5 inside no current of pile generates, pile 5 is quickly cooled down in order to prevent, is heated to pile 5 using auxiliary heater 3, when
When solid oxidized fuel cell starts, the heating temperature difference of pile 5 is smaller, when substantially reducing solid oxidized fuel cell startup
It is long, improve startup speed.
It should be noted that when solid oxidized fuel cell is in starting state or working condition, can also use auxiliary
It helps heater 3 to heat the pile 5 of solid oxidized fuel cell, so that pile 5 can be rapidly heated, shortens solid oxidation
Fuel cell start-up duration.
Similarly, above-mentioned auxiliary heater 3 can be electric heater, so need to only be powered to electric heater.Work as vehicle
Charging when, while to electric heater be powered with to pile 5 heat, so that pile 5 is remained at set temperature or more.Certainly,
Auxiliary heater 3 can also be fuel heater or refrigerant condenser etc., be not limited thereto.
When solid oxidized fuel cell is in starting state or normal operating conditions, air heater 2 can be to air
Heating is heated by the air the air after device 2 heats and enters in pile 5 and react.The exhaust outlet of pile 5 and tail gas burner 4
Air inlet connection, the gas being discharged from pile 5 enters in tail gas burner 4 and further burns.The exhaust outlet of tail gas burner 4
It is connected to air heater 2, to realize the heat for the gas being discharged using tail gas burner 4 to the air in air heater 2
It is heated, avoids the waste of energy.
In a preferred embodiment, above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell further includes air system, and the air of air system goes out
Mouth is connected to the air intlet of auxiliary heater 3, and the air outlet slit of auxiliary heater 3 is connected to pile 5.I.e. in air system
Air enters auxiliary heater 3 and is heated, and the air after the heating of auxiliary heater 3 enters in pile 5.When solid oxidation fires
When material battery is in off working state, the air after the heating of auxiliary heater 3 enters in pile 5 is discharged electricity after progress heat exchange
Heap 5;The air being discharged from pile 5 can be immediately discharged to circulate back in air system in external environment,
This is not construed as limiting.When solid oxidized fuel cell is in running order, the air after the heating of auxiliary heater 3 enters pile
It reacts with fuel in 5.
When not including air system, the air intlet of auxiliary heater 3 is directly connected to external environment, and auxiliary adds
The air outlet slit of hot device 3 is connected to pile 5.Air system can specifically include air pump and/or air cavity.
In addition, in order to simplify structure, auxiliary heater 3 can be concatenated with air heater 2, i.e., auxiliary heater 3 concatenates
Between air heater 2 and pile 5 or air heater 2 is serially connected between auxiliary heater 3 and pile 5.It can be empty
The air outlet slit of hot-air heater 2 is connected to the air intlet of auxiliary heater 3, and air outlet slit and the pile 5 of auxiliary heater 3 connect
It is logical.If further including air system, the air outlet slit of air system is connected to the air intlet of air heater 2.Alternatively, can be with
The air outlet slit of auxiliary heater 3 is connected to the air intlet of air heater 2, air outlet slit and the pile 5 of air heater 2
Connection.If further including air system, the air outlet slit of air system is connected to the air intlet of auxiliary heater 3.So set
It sets, 3 common air pipeline of air heater 2 and auxiliary heater, when solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, only
Auxiliary heater 3 heats the air before entering pile 5;When solid oxidized fuel cell is in starting state or work shape
When state, air heater 2 air before entering pile 5 is heated or air heater 2 and auxiliary heater 3 simultaneously
To being heated into the air before pile 5.
Further, when solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, the air being discharged from pile 5 can be direct
It drains into tail gas burner 4, and then is discharged from tail gas burner 4, into air heater 2, and then drain into external environment.
In order to further shorten the startup time of solid oxidized fuel cell, solid oxidized fuel cell is in running order
When, air heater 2 and auxiliary heater 3 can be simultaneously to carrying out heat exchange into the air before pile 5.In a kind of embodiment
In, air heater 2 and auxiliary heater 3 can also be arranged in parallel, i.e., the air of air heater 2 and auxiliary heater 3 into
Mouth is connected to external environment or air outlet slit of the air intlet of air heater 2 and auxiliary heater 3 with air system
The air outlet slit of connection, air heater 2 and auxiliary heater 3 is connected to pile 5.In another embodiment, air adds
Hot device 2 and auxiliary heater 3 can also concatenate setting, be not limited thereto.
Can also include being located at pile 5 to further prevent the cooling of pile 5, above-mentioned solid oxidized fuel cell
The incubator in outside, and/or, it is provided with insulating layer on the surface of at least one component of pile 5.It is provide in the outside of pile 5
Incubator, it is possible to reduce the diffusion of 5 heat of pile.In addition, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that pile 5 piece surface
When insulating layer is set, the normal work of part need to not be influenced, i.e., on the part for only not influencing normal work after insulating layer is set
Insulating layer is set, heat radiation and the heat loss of high temp objects, heat-insulated inhibition efficiency can effectively be inhibited to can reach 90%.
In above-mentioned each embodiment, solid oxidized fuel cell can be no longer arranged for adding to air in start-up course
The fuel injection device and igniter of heat, i.e., no longer need fuel injection device and igniter to entering in start-up course
Air before pile 5 is heated.So that solid oxidized fuel cell structure is simpler, more clean environment firendly.
Based on the solid oxidized fuel cell provided in above-described embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of vehicle, the vehicles
Including any one solid oxidized fuel cell in above-described embodiment.The solid oxygen in above-described embodiment is used due to the vehicle
Change fuel cell, so the advantageous effect of the vehicle please refers to above-described embodiment.
Preferably, when vehicle parking charges, pile 5 is heated using auxiliary heater 3.
Since solid oxidized fuel cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention can realize that quick startup, the present invention are implemented
The solid oxidized fuel cell that example provides can be as the active force of vehicle, and is no longer used as just distance increasing unit.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, just to refer each other for identical similar portion between each embodiment.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest range caused.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heat preserving method of solid oxidized fuel cell, which is characterized in that including:
When the solid oxidized fuel cell is in off working state, using auxiliary heater (3) to the solid oxidized fuel
The pile (5) of battery is heated.
2. the heat preserving method of solid oxidized fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxiliary heater
(3) it is electric heater.
3. the heat preserving method of solid oxidized fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use auxiliary heater
(3) pile (5) of the solid oxidized fuel cell is heated, specially:
If the temperature of the pile (5) is less than set temperature, air is heated using auxiliary heater (3), after heating
Air and the pile (5) carry out heat exchange;
If the temperature of the pile (5) is higher than set temperature, the auxiliary heater (3) is stopped.
4. a kind of solid oxidized fuel cell, including air heater (2), fuel reformer (1), pile (5) and exhaust combustion
Device (4), which is characterized in that further include auxiliary heater (3), the auxiliary heater (3) can heat the pile (5).
5. solid oxidized fuel cell according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the auxiliary heater (3) is that electricity adds
Hot device.
6. solid oxidized fuel cell according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include air system, the air
The air outlet slit of system is connected to the air intlet of the auxiliary heater (3), the air outlet slit of the auxiliary heater (3) with
Pile (5) connection.
7. solid oxidized fuel cell according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the auxiliary heater (3) with it is described
Air heater (2) concatenates.
8. solid oxidized fuel cell according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the solid oxidized fuel cell is in
When working condition, the air heater (2) and the auxiliary heater (3) while being carried out to entering the air before pile (5)
Heat exchange.
9. solid oxidized fuel cell according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include being located at the pile (5)
Outside incubator, and/or, be provided with insulating layer on the surface of at least one component of the pile (5).
10. a kind of vehicle, including solid oxidized fuel cell, which is characterized in that the solid oxidized fuel cell is such as right
It is required that the solid oxidized fuel cell described in any one of 4-8.
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CN109461950A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-03-12 | 佛山索弗克氢能源有限公司 | A kind of SOFC battery control device |
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CN112937374A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 观致汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell vehicle, and start control method and start control device for fuel cell vehicle |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110911708A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-24 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Heating starting method and heating device for solid oxide fuel cell stack |
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CN109461950B (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2021-06-08 | 佛山索弗克氢能源有限公司 | SOFC battery control device |
CN112937374A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 观致汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell vehicle, and start control method and start control device for fuel cell vehicle |
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